CN215896514U - Battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation - Google Patents
Battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation Download PDFInfo
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- CN215896514U CN215896514U CN202121399430.7U CN202121399430U CN215896514U CN 215896514 U CN215896514 U CN 215896514U CN 202121399430 U CN202121399430 U CN 202121399430U CN 215896514 U CN215896514 U CN 215896514U
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- thermal runaway
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal runaway of batteries, and discloses a battery pack structure for hindering thermal runaway propagation, which comprises: a housing defining a receiving chamber therein; the partition board is arranged in the shell so as to divide the accommodating cavity into a plurality of isolated placing cavities; the battery modules are respectively placed in the placing cavities; the liquid storage tanks are respectively communicated with the plurality of placing cavities; and each pressure relief valve is arranged corresponding to one placing cavity, and the pressure relief valves are configured to be opened when the pressure in the placing cavities reaches a preset upper limit pressure. The partition plate of the battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation disclosed by the utility model can preliminarily prevent the spread of hot air flow during thermal runaway, the flame retardant liquid in the liquid storage tank can enable the battery module with thermal runaway to achieve the effects of temperature reduction and oxygen isolation, and the pressure release valve can discharge high-pressure gas in the storage cavity, so that the possibility of thermal runaway of other battery modules is further reduced, and the safety of the battery pack structure is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal runaway of batteries, in particular to a battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation.
Background
Because lithium ion battery thermal stability is relatively poor and the flammability is high, can release huge energy when single battery module takes place the thermal runaway to make other propagate to other battery modules and make it take place the thermal runaway, finally spread whole battery package, arouse that the whole car catches fire. Because the large amount of heats that release when battery module takes place the thermal runaway can't in time be sparse for partial heat can the adjacent battery module of direct heating, leads to adjacent battery module to take place the thermal runaway. In the current battery thermal management technology, adopt the liquid cooling technique to cool off battery module mostly, when certain battery module takes place the thermal runaway, the liquid cooling technique is though can take away the partial heat that the thermal runaway produced rapidly, suppresses the temperature rise, however, this kind of technique can not directly block the propagation of thermal current, is difficult to effectively prevent the heat with the mode of conduction at the battery module between transmit.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation, which can effectively reduce the possibility of thermal runaway occurring in other battery modules when a certain battery module is thermally runaway, and improve the safety of the battery pack structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a battery pack structure that retards thermal runaway propagation, comprising: a housing defining a receiving chamber therein; the partition plates are arranged in the shell so as to divide the accommodating cavity into a plurality of isolated placing cavities; the battery modules are respectively placed in the placing cavities; the liquid storage tanks are respectively communicated with the plurality of placing cavities and can spray flame retardant liquid to the battery module with thermal runaway; the pressure relief valves are respectively arranged corresponding to the placing cavities and are configured to be opened when the pressure in the placing cavities reaches a preset upper limit pressure.
As a preferable scheme of a battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation, the accommodating cavities are further divided into communicating channels by the partition plates, and the placing cavities are arranged on two sides of the communicating channels in rows and columns.
As an optimal scheme of battery package structure of hindering thermal runaway propagation, battery package structure that hinders thermal runaway propagation still includes fire-retardant trunk line and a plurality of fire-retardant lateral conduit, fire-retardant trunk line with the liquid storage pot intercommunication just is located in the intercommunication passageway, every fire-retardant lateral conduit all with fire-retardant trunk line intercommunication just can be to one place the intracavity and spray the fire-retardant liquid.
As a preferred scheme of hindering battery package structure of thermal runaway propagation, every place the intracavity and all be equipped with a temperature alarm device, every temperature alarm device all includes alarm and temperature detection spare, the alarm is configured as the temperature that temperature detection spare detected reports to the police when exceeding preset upper limit temperature.
As a preferable scheme of the battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation, each of the branch flame-retardant pipes is provided with a spray valve corresponding to the temperature alarm device, and the spray valve is configured to be opened when the temperature detected by the temperature detection member exceeds a preset upper limit temperature.
As a preferred scheme of the battery pack structure for blocking the thermal runaway propagation, the alarm is an audible and visual alarm.
As a preferable scheme of the battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation, the flame retardant liquid in the liquid storage tank is liquid nitrogen.
As a preferable mode of the battery pack structure for inhibiting thermal runaway propagation, the separator is a steel plate.
As a preferable configuration of the battery pack structure for preventing the propagation of thermal runaway, the thickness of the steel plate is between 1mm and 3 mm.
As a preferable mode of the battery pack structure for preventing the thermal runaway propagation, the distance between two adjacent battery modules is not less than 2 cm.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the partition plate of the battery pack structure for hindering thermal runaway propagation disclosed by the utility model can preliminarily prevent the spread of hot air flow during thermal runaway, the liquid storage tank can spray flame retardant liquid to the battery module with thermal runaway so as to isolate the battery module from oxygen, and the effects of cooling and isolating oxygen are achieved, and the pressure release valve can be opened when the pressure in the placing cavity reaches the preset upper limit pressure so as to discharge high-pressure gas in the placing cavity, so that the possibility of thermal runaway of other battery modules is further reduced, and the safety of the battery pack structure for hindering thermal runaway propagation is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure for inhibiting thermal runaway propagation according to an embodiment of the utility model.
In the figure:
1. a housing; 101. a placement chamber; 102. a communication channel; 2. a partition plate; 3. a battery module; 4. a liquid storage tank; 5. a pressure relief valve; 61. a flame retardant main pipe; 62. and (4) flame-retardant branch pipelines.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
This embodiment provides a battery package structure that hinders thermal runaway propagation, be applied to among the battery of lithium cell or other ion, as shown in fig. 1, the device includes casing 1, baffle 2, six battery module 3, liquid storage pot 4 and six relief valve 5, inject in the casing 1 and hold the chamber, baffle 2 sets up in casing 1 so that hold the chamber and separate out six isolated chamber 101 of placing, every battery module 3 is placed respectively in one places chamber 101, liquid storage pot 4 communicates with six chamber 101 of placing respectively, liquid storage pot 4 can spray the fire-retardant liquid to the battery module 3 that takes place thermal runaway, every relief valve 5 corresponds the setting with one chamber 101 of placing respectively, relief valve 5 is configured to open when placing the pressure in the chamber 101 and reaching preset upper limit pressure.
The fire-retardant liquid in the liquid storage pot 4 of this embodiment is the liquid nitrogen, the liquid nitrogen sprays can absorb a large amount of heats when the back gasifies on battery module 3, make and place chamber 101 and the battery module 3 rapid cooling who takes place the thermal runaway, in addition, the liquid nitrogen can also completely cut off the contact of battery module 3 and oxygen, prevented that battery module 3 from taking place the possibility of thermal runaway back to peripheral battery module 3 eruption material, thermal runaway's propagation has been hindered, thereby further reduced and triggered other battery module 3 probability that takes place the thermal runaway. In other embodiments, the flame retardant liquid may also be liquefied from an inert gas or other liquid with a flame retardant function, which is specifically selected according to actual needs.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of the placing chambers 101 is not limited to six in this embodiment, and may also be two, three, four, five, or more than six, one battery module 3 is provided in each placing chamber 101, and each placing chamber 101 is provided corresponding to one pressure release valve 5.
The battery package structure's that the embodiment provided hinders thermal runaway propagation baffle 2 can tentatively prevent stretching of hot-blast when thermal runaway, liquid storage pot 4 can spray fire-retardant liquid to the battery module 3 that takes place thermal runaway so that this battery module 3 is isolated with oxygen, reach the effect that the cooling separates oxygen, relief valve 5 can open when the pressure of placing in the chamber 101 reaches preset upper limit pressure and place the high-pressure gas in the chamber 101 with the discharge, realize high temperature high-pressure gas's quick emission, the influence of the battery module 3 that takes place thermal runaway to all the other battery modules 3 has been reduced, further reduced other battery modules 3 possibility of taking place thermal runaway, the security of this battery package structure that hinders thermal runaway propagation has been improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the partition board 2 of the present embodiment further divides the accommodating chamber into a communicating channel 102, and six placing chambers 101 are arranged in rows and columns on both sides of the communicating channel 102. Specifically, the six placing cavities 101 are arranged in three rows and two columns, and the communication channel 102 is positioned between the two placing cavities 101, so that the arrangement is favorable for distributing and communicating the liquid storage tank 4 and the pipelines for placing the cavities 101.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the battery pack structure for hindering thermal runaway propagation of the embodiment further includes a flame-retardant main pipe 61 and six flame-retardant branch pipes 62, the flame-retardant main pipe 61 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 4 and is located in the communicating channel 102, the flame-retardant main pipe 61 is distributed along the communicating channel 102, and each flame-retardant branch pipe 62 is communicated with the flame-retardant main pipe 61 and can spray flame-retardant liquid into one placing cavity 101.
The liquid storage pot 4 of this embodiment sets up in the front side of casing 1, has reached through liquid storage pot 4, fire-retardant trunk line 61 and six fire-retardant branch pipelines 62 and has sprayed the purpose of fire-retardant liquid to each battery module 3 of placing chamber 101, has small, area is few, simple to operate, flexibility are strong and the advantage that liquid nitrogen consumed lowly.
Each place all to be equipped with a temperature alarm device (not shown in the figure) in the chamber 101, every temperature alarm device all includes alarm and temperature detection spare, and the alarm is configured as and reports to the police when the temperature that temperature detection spare detected surpassed preset upper limit temperature. The alarm is a sound-light alarm which makes sound and emits light when alarming. Wherein, temperature detection spare can detect the temperature of placing in the chamber 101 always to real time monitoring places the temperature situation of chamber 101, predetermines the minimum temperature that upper limit temperature placed in chamber 101 when battery module 3 takes place the thermal runaway, in case battery module 3 takes place the thermal runaway promptly, places the temperature in chamber 101 and must exceed and predetermine upper limit temperature, and the alarm sends the police dispatch newspaper and has taken place the thermal runaway in order to remind user battery module 3 this moment.
Each branch fire-retardant pipe 62 is provided with a spray valve (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the temperature alarm device, that is, each spray valve is arranged corresponding to the temperature alarm device in the placing cavity 101 to be sprayed by the branch fire-retardant pipe 62 where the spray valve is located, and the spray valve is configured to be opened when the temperature detected by the temperature detection part exceeds the preset upper limit temperature. That is to say, in case the temperature that the temperature detection spare detected to place in the chamber 101 surpassed and predetermine upper limit temperature, the spray valve is opened, and the fire-retardant liquid in the liquid storage pot 4 spouts to taking place the thermal runaway place the chamber 101 in through fire-retardant trunk line 61, fire-retardant lateral conduit 62 and spray valve in proper order to make battery module 3 fully contact with the fire-retardant liquid, reach rapid cooling and isolated oxygen's effect.
Further, the main flame retardant pipe 61 of the present embodiment is provided with a main on-off valve (not shown in the drawings) located upstream of the six branch flame retardant pipes 62, and the main on-off valve is configured to be opened when the temperature detected by the temperature detecting element exceeds a preset upper limit temperature, that is, the main on-off valve is opened as long as the temperature detected by the temperature detecting element of one temperature alarm device exceeds the preset upper limit temperature.
The baffle 2 of this embodiment is the steel sheet, when a certain battery module 3 takes place the thermal runaway, because the steel sheet does not have the flammability for the steel sheet can tentatively completely cut off battery module 3 and take place the naked light that the thermal runaway produced, plays the effect of tentatively hindering the propagation of thermal runaway. Specifically, the thickness of the steel plate of the embodiment is between 1mm and 3mm, if the thickness of the steel plate is too thin, the strength of the steel plate is low, and when a certain battery module 3 is out of control due to heat, the steel plate may have a risk of being burst; if the thickness of steel sheet is too thick for the battery package structure that hinders thermal runaway propagation's weight is heavier and the volume is great, is unfavorable for the lightweight of whole structure and miniaturized setting.
The distance between two adjacent battery modules 3 of the present embodiment is not less than 2 cm. The distance between the battery modules 3 is maintained to be more than 2cm, so that the battery modules 3 are not attached to the partition plate 2, once a certain battery module 3 in the placing cavity 101 is thermally out of control, the temperature of the partition plate 2 enclosing the placing cavity 101 is higher, and the temperature of the battery modules 3 adjacent to the certain battery module 3 is not attached to the partition plate 2, so that the temperature of the battery modules 3 cannot rise sharply, and the possibility that the adjacent battery modules 3 are thermally out of control is further reduced. In other embodiments, the distance between two adjacent battery modules 3 is not limited to the limitation of the embodiment, and may be other values.
Preferably, the battery pack structure for preventing propagation of thermal runaway of the present embodiment further includes a controller (not shown in the figure), and the controller is electrically connected to the temperature alarm device, the spray valve and the main switch valve, respectively. The controller of this embodiment can be centralized or distributed controller, for example, the controller can be an independent singlechip, also can be that the polylith singlechip that distributes constitutes, can run control program in the singlechip, and then control temperature alarm device, spray valve and main ooff valve realize its function.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A battery pack structure that retards thermal runaway propagation, comprising:
a housing (1) defining a housing chamber therein;
the partition plates (2) are arranged in the shell (1) so that the accommodating cavity is divided into a plurality of isolated placing cavities (101);
the battery modules (3) are respectively placed in the placing cavity (101);
the liquid storage tank (4) is respectively communicated with the plurality of placing cavities (101), and the liquid storage tank (4) can spray flame retardant liquid to the battery module (3) with thermal runaway;
the pressure release valves (5) are arranged corresponding to the placing cavities (101), and the pressure release valves (5) are configured to be opened when the pressure in the placing cavities (101) reaches a preset upper limit pressure.
2. The battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation according to claim 1, wherein the partition (2) further partitions the accommodating chamber into a communication channel (102), and a plurality of the placing chambers (101) are arranged in rows and columns on both sides of the communication channel (102).
3. The battery pack structure for preventing the propagation of the thermal runaway according to claim 2, wherein the battery pack structure for preventing the propagation of the thermal runaway further comprises a main flame-retardant pipe (61) and a plurality of branch flame-retardant pipes (62), the main flame-retardant pipe (61) is communicated with the liquid storage tank (4) and is located in the communicating channel (102), and each branch flame-retardant pipe (62) is communicated with the main flame-retardant pipe (61) and can spray flame-retardant liquid into one placing cavity (101).
4. The battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation according to claim 3, wherein each of the placing cavities (101) is provided with a temperature alarm device, each temperature alarm device comprises an alarm and a temperature detection element, and the alarm is configured to alarm when the temperature detected by the temperature detection element exceeds a preset upper limit temperature.
5. The battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation according to claim 4, wherein each of the branch flame retardant pipes (62) is provided with a spray valve corresponding to the temperature alarm device, and the spray valve is configured to be opened when the temperature detected by the temperature detection member exceeds a preset upper limit temperature.
6. The battery pack structure that hinders propagation of thermal runaway of claim 4, wherein the alarm is an audible and visual alarm.
7. The battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the flame retardant liquid in the liquid storage tank (4) is liquid nitrogen.
8. The battery pack structure that hinders propagation of thermal runaway according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the separator (2) is a steel plate.
9. The battery pack structure that hinders thermal runaway propagation of claim 8, wherein the thickness of the steel plate is between 1mm and 3 mm.
10. The battery pack structure that hinders propagation of thermal runaway according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the distance between two adjacent battery modules (3) is not less than 2 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121399430.7U CN215896514U (en) | 2021-06-23 | 2021-06-23 | Battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202121399430.7U CN215896514U (en) | 2021-06-23 | 2021-06-23 | Battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation |
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| CN215896514U true CN215896514U (en) | 2022-02-22 |
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| CN202121399430.7U Active CN215896514U (en) | 2021-06-23 | 2021-06-23 | Battery pack structure for blocking thermal runaway propagation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2622484A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-03-20 | Lifeline Fire & Safety Systems Ltd | Battery management system |
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2021
- 2021-06-23 CN CN202121399430.7U patent/CN215896514U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2622484A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-03-20 | Lifeline Fire & Safety Systems Ltd | Battery management system |
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