CN215869782U

CN215869782U - Antenna device and unmanned aerial vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN215869782U
Application number: CN202121079977.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李栋; 马超; 饶雄斌
Original assignee: SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-19
Filing date: 2021-05-19
Publication date: 2022-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-19

Abstract

The application discloses antenna device and unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna device includes a radiation element, a parasitic element, and a switching element. The radiation assembly comprises two radiation units, each radiation unit comprises a high-frequency radiation branch and a low-frequency radiation branch, the high-frequency radiation branch is used for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the low-frequency radiation branch is used for radiating low-frequency electromagnetic waves. The parasitic component comprises two parasitic units, each parasitic unit comprises a high-frequency parasitic branch and a low-frequency parasitic branch, the resonant frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch is the same as that of the high-frequency radiation branch, and the resonant frequency of the low-frequency parasitic branch is the same as that of the low-frequency radiation branch. The switch device is connected with the two parasitic units, when the switch device is in a conducting state, the parasitic component can reflect the high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and when the switch device is in a switching-off state, the parasitic component can guide the high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the low-frequency electromagnetic waves.

Description

Antenna device and unmanned aerial vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna device and an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background

The unmanned aerial vehicle of present civilian field machine carries the antenna and is mostly omnidirectional antenna, and omnidirectional antenna still can receive the interfering signal of other directions simultaneously outside the useful signal of receiving control end transmission, and in addition, the radiation pattern of antenna can not be adjusted along with the unmanned aerial vehicle gesture, and communication quality between unmanned aerial vehicle and the control end is difficult to obtain guaranteeing.

In the military field, the radiation pattern that uses phased array antenna to change unmanned aerial vehicle airborne antenna usually, but the phased array technique degree of difficulty and cost are all higher, and phased array antenna size is great, installs the difficulty on civilian unmanned aerial vehicle.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna device and unmanned aerial vehicle.

The antenna device of the embodiment of the application comprises a radiation component, a parasitic component and a switch component. The radiation assembly comprises two radiation units, the two radiation units form a dipole antenna, each radiation unit comprises a high-frequency radiation branch and a low-frequency radiation branch, the high-frequency radiation branch is used for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the low-frequency radiation branch is used for radiating low-frequency electromagnetic waves. The parasitic component comprises two parasitic units, each parasitic unit comprises a high-frequency parasitic branch and a low-frequency parasitic branch, the resonant frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch is the same as that of the high-frequency radiation branch, and the resonant frequency of the low-frequency parasitic branch is the same as that of the low-frequency radiation branch. The switch device is connected with the two parasitic units, when the switch device is in an on state, the parasitic component can reflect the high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and when the switch device is in an off state, the parasitic component can guide the high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the low-frequency electromagnetic waves.

The unmanned aerial vehicle of this application embodiment includes above-mentioned antenna device. The antenna apparatus includes a radiating component, a parasitic component, and a switching device. The radiation assembly comprises two radiation units, the two radiation units form a dipole antenna, each radiation unit comprises a high-frequency radiation branch and a low-frequency radiation branch, the high-frequency radiation branch is used for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the low-frequency radiation branch is used for radiating low-frequency electromagnetic waves. The parasitic component comprises two parasitic units, each parasitic unit comprises a high-frequency parasitic branch and a low-frequency parasitic branch, the resonant frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch is the same as that of the high-frequency radiation branch, and the resonant frequency of the low-frequency parasitic branch is the same as that of the low-frequency radiation branch. The switch device is connected with the two parasitic units, when the switch device is in an on state, the parasitic component can reflect the high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and when the switch device is in an off state, the parasitic component can guide the high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the low-frequency electromagnetic waves.

The antenna device and the unmanned aerial vehicle of this application embodiment make parasitic component play reflection or guide to the effect to the electromagnetic wave of radiation component radiation through the on-off state that changes switching element to make antenna device improve at the radiation gain of specific direction, and reduce the receipt to other direction interfering signal, realized the regulation of antenna radiation direction with lower cost.

Another antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application includes a first antenna element, a second antenna element, and a switching element. The first antenna assembly comprises two first radiating elements, and each first radiating element comprises a first high-frequency radiating branch and a first low-frequency radiating branch. The second antenna assembly comprises two second radiating units, each second radiating unit comprises a second high-frequency radiating branch and a second low-frequency radiating branch, the resonant frequency of the second high-frequency radiating branch is the same as that of the first high-frequency radiating branch, and the resonant frequency of the second low-frequency radiating branch is the same as that of the second low-frequency radiating branch. The switching device connects the first antenna assembly and the second antenna assembly, when the switching device disconnects the first antenna assembly and connects the second antenna assembly to feed the second antenna assembly, two second radiating elements of the second antenna assembly form a dipole antenna, the first antenna assembly can guide high-frequency electromagnetic waves and low-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna assembly, when the switching device disconnects the second antenna assembly and connects the first antenna assembly to feed the first antenna assembly, two first radiating elements of the first antenna assembly form a dipole antenna, and the second antenna assembly can guide high-frequency electromagnetic waves and low-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna assembly.

The unmanned aerial vehicle of this application embodiment includes above-mentioned another antenna device. The another antenna device includes a first antenna component, a second antenna component, and a switching device. The first antenna assembly comprises two first radiating elements, and each first radiating element comprises a first high-frequency radiating branch and a first low-frequency radiating branch. The second antenna assembly comprises two second radiating units, each second radiating unit comprises a second high-frequency radiating branch and a second low-frequency radiating branch, the resonant frequency of the second high-frequency radiating branch is the same as that of the first high-frequency radiating branch, and the resonant frequency of the second low-frequency radiating branch is the same as that of the second low-frequency radiating branch. The switching device connects the first antenna component and the second antenna component, when the switching device disconnects the first antenna component and conducts the second antenna component to feed the second antenna component, the first antenna component can guide high-frequency electromagnetic waves and low-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna component, and when the switching device disconnects the second antenna component and conducts the first antenna component to feed the first antenna component, the second antenna component can guide high-frequency electromagnetic waves and low-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna component.

The antenna device and the unmanned aerial vehicle of the embodiment of the application can change the conduction state of the first antenna assembly and the conduction state of the second antenna assembly through the switch device to enable the second antenna assembly to have a guiding effect on electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna assembly, and can also change the conduction state of the first antenna assembly and the conduction state of the second antenna assembly through the switch device to enable the first antenna assembly to have a guiding effect on the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna assembly, so that the radiation gain of the antenna device in a specific direction is improved, the reception of interference signals in other directions is reduced, and the adjustment of the radiation direction of the antenna is realized at lower cost.

Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the present application.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a radiation module according to certain embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parasitic device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna arrangement according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present application;

figure 13 is a schematic structural view of a drone according to certain embodiments of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a drone according to certain embodiments of the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functionality throughout.

In addition, the embodiments of the present application described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only for the purpose of explaining the embodiments of the present application, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Referring to fig. 1, an antenna device 100 is provided in the present embodiment. The antenna device 100 includes a radiation element 10, a parasitic element 20, and a switching device 30. The radiation assembly 10 includes two radiation units 11, each radiation unit 11 includes a high-frequency radiation branch 111 and a low-frequency radiation branch 112, the high-frequency radiation branch 111 is used for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is used for radiating low-frequency electromagnetic waves. The parasitic component 20 includes two parasitic elements 21, each parasitic element 21 includes a high-frequency parasitic branch 211 and a low-frequency parasitic branch 212, the resonant frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 is the same as the resonant frequency of the high-frequency radiating branch 111, and the resonant frequency of the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 is the same as the resonant frequency of the low-frequency radiating branch 112. The switching device 30 is connected to the two parasitic elements 21, and when the switching device 30 is in an on state, the parasitic element 20 can reflect the high frequency electromagnetic wave and the low frequency electromagnetic wave, and when the switching device 30 is in an off state, the parasitic element 20 can guide the high frequency electromagnetic wave and the low frequency electromagnetic wave.

The antenna device 100 of the embodiment of the present application can make the parasitic element 20 reflect or guide the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10 by changing the on-off state of the switching device 30, so that the radiation gain of the antenna device 100 in a specific direction is improved, the reception of interference signals in other directions is reduced, and the adjustment of the radiation direction of the antenna is realized at a lower cost.

Referring to fig. 2, the radiation element 10 includes a first dielectric body 12. The first dielectric body 12 may be a PCB, ceramic, LDS, PC/ABS plastic, etc. The first dielectric body 12 includes a first side 121 and a second side 122 opposite each other. The two radiating elements 11 of the radiating assembly 10 are disposed on the first side 121 of the first dielectric body 12 or the second side 122 of the first dielectric body 12. Each radiating element 11 includes a high frequency radiating branch 111 and a low frequency radiating branch 112.

Referring to fig. 2, the length of the high-frequency radiation branch 111 is related to the center wavelength of the high-frequency radiation branch 111, and for example, the length of the high-frequency radiation branch 111 may be a quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the high-frequency radiation branch 111, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a value near the quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the high-frequency radiation branch 111, which is not listed here.

The center frequency of the high-frequency radiation branch 111 may be in a range of [4.4GHz, 6.0GHz ], and in one embodiment, the center frequency of the high-frequency radiation branch 111 is 5.8GHz, but is not limited thereto, and may also be 4.4GHz, 4.6GHz, 4.8GHz, 5.0GHz, 5.2GHz, 5.4GHz, 5.6GHz, 6.0GHz, and the like, which are not listed here.

Referring to fig. 2, the length of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is related to the center wavelength of the low-frequency radiation branch 112, and for example, the length of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 may be a quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch 112, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a value near the quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch 112, which is not listed here. The center frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 may be in a range of [2.2GHz, 3.0GHz ], and in one embodiment, the center frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is 2.4GHz, but is not limited thereto, and may also be 2.2GHz, 2.3GHz, 2.5GHz, 2.6GHz, 2.7GHz, 2.8GHz, 2.9GHz, 3.0GHz, and the like, which are not listed here.

Referring to fig. 2, a group of high-frequency radiation branches 111 and low-frequency radiation branches 112 extending in the same direction form a radiation unit 11. In some embodiments, the two radiating elements 11 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the symmetry axis O1 of the long side of the first dielectric body 12 at the first side 121 of the first dielectric body 12 or the second side 122 of the first dielectric body 12. The two radiating elements 11 can be regarded as a dipole antenna.

In some embodiments, the radiation assembly 10 further includes a feeding unit 40, and one end of the high-frequency radiation branch 111 and one end of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 in each radiation unit 11 are connected to the feeding unit 40. The feed element 40 is operable to be connected to a feed line 51 to enable the radiating element 11 to receive radio frequency energy provided by other devices via the feed line 51.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the antenna apparatus 100 further includes a controller 50, and the controller 50 is connected to the radiating element 10 through a feeder 51 to feed the radiating element 10.

Referring to fig. 3, the parasitic element 20 includes a second dielectric body 22. The second dielectric body 22 may be a PCB, ceramic, LDS, PC/ABS plastic, etc. The second dielectric body 22 includes a first side 221 and a second side 222 opposite to each other. The two parasitic elements 21 of the parasitic component 20 are disposed on the first side 221 of the second dielectric body 22 or the second side 222 of the second dielectric body 22. Each parasitic element 21 includes a high frequency parasitic stub 211 and a low frequency parasitic stub 212.

Referring to fig. 3, the length of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 is related to the center wavelength of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, and for example, the length of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 may be a quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a value near the quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, which is not listed here.

The center frequency of the high-frequency parasitic stub 211 may be in a range of [4.4GHz, 6.0GHz ], and in one embodiment, the center frequency of the high-frequency parasitic stub 211 is 5.8GHz, but is not limited thereto, and may also be 4.4GHz, 4.6GHz, 4.8GHz, 5.0GHz, 5.2GHz, 5.4GHz, 5.6GHz, 6.0GHz, and the like, which are not listed here.

Referring to fig. 3, the length of the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 is related to the center wavelength of the low-frequency parasitic branch 212, and for example, the length of the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 may be a quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the low-frequency parasitic branch 212, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a value near the quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the low-frequency parasitic branch 212, which is not listed here. The center frequency of the low-frequency parasitic stub 212 may be in a range of [2.2GHz, 3.0GHz ], and in one embodiment, the center frequency of the low-frequency parasitic stub 212 is 2.4GHz, but is not limited thereto, and may also be 2.2GHz, 2.3GHz, 2.5GHz, 2.6GHz, 2.7GHz, 2.8GHz, 2.9GHz, 3.0GHz, and the like, which are not listed here.

Referring to fig. 3, a set of high-frequency parasitic branches 211 and low-frequency parasitic branches 212 extending in the same direction form a parasitic unit 21. In some embodiments, the two parasitic elements 21 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the symmetry axis O2 of the long side of the second dielectric body 22 at the first side 221 of the second dielectric body 22 or the second side 222 of the second dielectric body 22.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the switching device 30 connects the two parasitic elements 21, and in one embodiment, the switching device 30 is a single-pole single-throw switch, and the switching device 30 is in a conducting state when a blade of the single-pole single-throw switch contacts a contact, and the switching device 30 is in an off state when the blade of the single-pole single-throw switch is disconnected from the contact. When the switching device 30 is in the on state, the two parasitic units 21 are electrically connected, and when the switching device 30 is in the off state, the two parasitic units 21 are not electrically connected.

In some embodiments, the switching device 30 is disposed in the second dielectric body 22 of the parasitic element 20. In one embodiment, the controller 50 may be a radio frequency control chip for feeding the radiation assembly 10 and controlling the on/off of the switching device 30. Specifically, the controller 50 may be connected to the radiation member 10 through a feed line 51 to feed the radiation member 10, and may also be connected to the switching device 30 through a signal line 52 to control the switching of the switching device 30.

When the radiating element 10 corresponding to the parasitic element 20 radiates an electromagnetic wave, the radiating element 10 itself has a current I0, and the parasitic element 20 generates an induced current under the action of an electric field formed by the operation of the radiating element 10. If the switching device 30 is in the on state and the two parasitic elements 21 are turned on, an induced current I1 is generated in the circuit formed by the two parasitic elements 21 and the switching device 30, and the directions of the induced current I1 and the induced current I0 are opposite, at this time, no matter the radiation assembly 10 radiates high-frequency electromagnetic waves or low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the parasitic element 20 can reflect the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation assembly 10, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation assembly 10 are concentrated in the reflection direction, that is, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation assembly 10 are weakened in the leading direction and strengthened in the reflection direction. Wherein the direction of the radiation directed to the radiating element 10 is the direction of the radiation directed to the parasitic element 20, as shown in the direction X1 in fig. 4, and the direction of the reflection is the direction of the radiation directed from the radiating element 10 directed away from the parasitic element 20, as shown in the direction X2 in fig. 4. If the switching device 30 is in the off state and the two parasitic elements 21 are not connected, the two parasitic elements 21 generate the induced currents I2 and I3 in their respective circuits, and the induced currents I2 and I3 are in the same direction as the current I0, and at this time, the parasitic element 20 can guide the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10 regardless of whether the radiation element 10 radiates a high-frequency electromagnetic wave or a low-frequency electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10 is concentrated in the guide direction, that is, the radiation of the radiation element 10 is enhanced in the guide direction and weakened in the reflection direction.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the distance between the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20 is between a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the high-frequency radiating branch 111 and a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the low-frequency radiating branch 112. In this way, the radiation direction of the antenna apparatus 100 can be adjusted by changing the on and off states of the switching device 30, so as to achieve the effect of interference resistance. For example, when there is an interference signal in the direction of the antenna, the switch device 30 is turned on, so that the radiation gain of the antenna apparatus 100 in the reflection direction is increased, and the reception of the interference signal in the direction of the antenna apparatus 100 is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of interference resistance. For another example, when there is an interference signal in the reflection direction, the switching device 30 is turned off, so that the radiation gain of the antenna apparatus 100 in the direction of the antenna apparatus 100 is increased, and the reception of the interference signal in the reflection direction by the antenna apparatus 100 is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of interference resistance.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the center frequency of the high-frequency radiating branch 111 is the same as the center frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, i.e., the center wavelength of the high-frequency radiating branch 111 is the same as the center wavelength of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211. Further, in an embodiment, the length of the high-frequency radiating branch 111 is a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the high-frequency radiating branch 111, the length of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 is a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, and the center frequency of the high-frequency radiating branch 111 is the same as the center frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, and at this time, the length of the high-frequency radiating branch 111 is the same as that of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the low frequency radiating branches 112 and the low frequency parasitic branches 212 have the same shape. For example, the low-frequency radiating branch 112 is L-shaped, and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 is also L-shaped; for another example, the low-frequency radiating branch 112 is a bent branch including six folding angles, the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 is also a bent branch having six folding angles, and each folding angle of the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 is the same as the angle of the corresponding folding angle of the high-frequency radiating branch 111. The shapes of the low-frequency radiating branches 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branches 212 are not limited thereto, and are not listed here.

Similarly, in some embodiments, the high-frequency radiating branches 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branches 211 have the same shape. In some embodiments, low-frequency radiating branch 112 and low-frequency parasitic branch 212 have the same shape, and high-frequency radiating branch 111 and high-frequency parasitic branch 211 have the same shape. The explanation of the same shape is the same as before, and the description is omitted.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the low frequency radiating branches 112 and the low frequency parasitic branches 212 have the same size. The size of a branch is the distance between the beginning of the branch and the end of the branch. Taking the low-frequency radiation branch 112 illustrated in fig. 2 as an example, the starting end S1 of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is close to the feeding unit 40, the tail end S2 of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is far from the feeding unit 40, and the linear distance L1 between the starting end S1 and the tail end S2 is the size of the low-frequency radiation branch 112. Since the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is bent, the size of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is smaller than the length of the low-frequency radiation branch 112, so that a longer low-frequency radiation branch 112 can be arranged on the first dielectric body 12 with a preset length. In one embodiment, the length of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch 112, and the size of the low-frequency radiation branch 112 is one tenth of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the low-frequency radiation branch 112, so as to reduce the length of the first dielectric body 12, which is beneficial to implementing the lightness and thinness of the radiation component 10.

Similarly, in some embodiments, high-frequency radiating branch 111 is the same size as high-frequency parasitic branch 211. In some embodiments, low-frequency radiating branch 112 is the same size as low-frequency parasitic branch 212, and high-frequency radiating branch 111 is the same size as high-frequency parasitic branch 211. The explanation of the same size is the same as before and is not repeated here.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the high-frequency radiating branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 can be completely overlapped. That is, the high-frequency radiating branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 have the same shape and size. Similarly, in some embodiments, low frequency radiating branch 112 and low frequency parasitic branch 212 can be completely coincident. That is, low frequency radiating branch 112 and low frequency parasitic branch 212 are all the same shape and size. In some embodiments, the high-frequency radiating branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 can be completely overlapped, and the low-frequency radiating branch 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 can be completely overlapped, in which case the radiating component 10 is different from the parasitic component 20 only in that the feeding unit 40 connects two radiating units 11, and the switching device 30 connects two parasitic units 21. That is, when the high-frequency radiation branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 can be completely overlapped and the low-frequency radiation branch 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 can be completely overlapped, if the feeding unit 40 connects the two parasitic units 21, the parasitic component 20 can be used as the radiation component 10, and can achieve the same electromagnetic wave radiation effect as the radiation component 10; if the switching device 30 connects the two radiation units 11, the radiation assembly 10 can be used as a parasitic assembly 20, and can reflect or direct electromagnetic waves radiated from other radiation assemblies 10 according to the on or off state of the switching device 30.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in some embodiments, the high-frequency radiating branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 are disposed correspondingly, and the low-frequency radiating branch 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 are disposed correspondingly. Thus, when the high-frequency radiating branches 111 radiate high-frequency electromagnetic waves, the high-frequency parasitic branches 211 are more likely to generate corresponding induced currents under the electric fields of the corresponding high-frequency radiating branches 111; when low frequency radiating branches 112 radiate low frequency electromagnetic waves, low frequency parasitic branches 212 more easily generate corresponding induced currents in the electric field of the corresponding low frequency radiating branches 112. In addition, the high-frequency radiation branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 are correspondingly disposed, and the low-frequency radiation branch 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 are correspondingly disposed, so that the arrangement of the radiation element 10 and the parasitic element 20 in the antenna device 100 is more compact, which is beneficial to implementing the light and thin of the antenna device 100.

Referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, the first side 121 of the first dielectric body 12 is parallel to the first side 221 of the second dielectric body 22, so that the parasitic element 20 can better guide the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10 in the X1 direction or better reflect the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10 in the X2 direction. The positional relationship of the first face 121 of the first dielectric body 12 and the first face 221 of the second dielectric body 22 is not limited to being parallel, and in yet another embodiment, the first face 121 of the first dielectric body 12 is perpendicular to the first face 221 of the second dielectric body 22; in yet another embodiment, the first face 121 of the first dielectric body 12 is inclined with respect to the first face 221 of the second dielectric body 22. In the antenna device 100 of the present application, when the first surface 121 of the first dielectric body 12 is parallel to or perpendicular to the first surface 221 of the second dielectric body 22, or the first surface 121 of the first dielectric body 12 is inclined with respect to the first surface 221 of the second dielectric body 22, the parasitic element 20 can guide or reflect the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10.

Referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, the second surface 122 of the first dielectric body 12 is opposite to the second surface 222 of the second dielectric body 22, the radiating element 11 is disposed on the first surface 121 of the first dielectric body 12, and the parasitic element 21 is disposed on the first surface 221 of the second dielectric body 22. In conjunction with the foregoing, the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20 need to be spaced apart by a certain distance so that the induced current generated by the parasitic element 20 has a predetermined characteristic. Specifically, the induced current generated by the parasitic element 20 is affected by the distance between the parasitic element 21 and the radiating element 11, when the distance between the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20 is fixed, the radiating element 11 is disposed on the first surface 121 of the first dielectric body 12, the parasitic element 21 is disposed on the first surface 221 of the second dielectric body 22, and the second surface 122 of the first dielectric body 12 is opposite to the second surface 222 of the second dielectric body 22, so that the distance between the radiating element 11 and the parasitic element 21 can be increased under the condition that the distance between the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20 is not changed. That is, when the distance between the radiating element 11 and the parasitic element 21 is the predetermined distance, the radiating element 11 is disposed on the first surface 121 of the first dielectric body 12, the parasitic element 21 is disposed on the first surface 221 of the second dielectric body 22, and the second surface 122 of the first dielectric body 12 and the second surface 222 of the second dielectric body 22 are opposite to each other, so that the distance between the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20 can be closer, the size of the antenna device 100 can be reduced, the arrangement of the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20 in the antenna device 100 can be more compact, and the antenna device 100 can be advantageously thinned.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in summary, the antenna device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention can radiate high frequency electromagnetic waves and low frequency electromagnetic waves, in the antenna device 100, when the switching device 30 is in the on state, the parasitic element 20 can reflect the high frequency electromagnetic waves and the low frequency electromagnetic waves, and when the switching device 30 is in the off state, the parasitic element 20 can guide the high frequency electromagnetic waves and the low frequency electromagnetic waves. Therefore, the radiation of the antenna can be selectively gained in the direction of the guiding direction or the reflecting direction, so that the gain of the antenna device 100 in the direction in which the signal needs to be transmitted is increased, the signal transmission in the direction is facilitated, the radiation of the antenna device 100 in the direction in which the signal does not need to be transmitted can be weakened, the reception of interference signals in the direction is reduced, and the anti-interference effect is achieved.

Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the parasitic element 20 may be multiple (two or more, the same applies below), the switching device 30 may also be multiple, one switching device 30 is disposed on each parasitic element 20, the controller 50 is connected to the multiple switching devices 30 through the signal line 52, and the multiple parasitic elements 20 are located on different sides of the radiating element 10. Each parasitic element 20 can independently act on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiating element 10 in a direction toward the parasitic element 20 or in a direction away from the parasitic element 20, depending on the on-off state of the switching device 30 of each parasitic element 20. The gain direction and the attenuation direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation member 10 are affected by the combined action of the guiding/reflecting of the plurality of parasitic members 20.

Referring to fig. 5, for example, two parasitic elements 20 are provided, including a first parasitic element 201 located on the left side of the radiating element 10 and a second parasitic element 202 located on the upper side of the radiating element 10. There are also two switching devices 30, a first switching device 301 disposed on the first parasitic element 201 and a second switching device 302 disposed on the second parasitic element 202. The first parasitic element 201 can act on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10, and concentrate the electromagnetic wave in the direction of X1; the first parasitic element 201 can also reflect the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10, and concentrate the electromagnetic wave in the X2 direction. The second parasitic element 202 can act on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10, so that the electromagnetic wave is concentrated in the direction of Y1; the second parasitic element 202 can also reflect the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation element 10, so that the electromagnetic wave is concentrated in the direction of Y2. If the first switching device 301 is connected to the first parasitic element 201 and the second switching device 302 is connected to the second parasitic element 202, then: (1) when the first switching device 301 is turned on and the second switching device 302 is turned on, the gain of radiation of the antenna apparatus 100 in the X2 direction, the Y2 direction, and the direction between X2 and Y2 is increased. (2) When the first switching device 301 is turned on and the second switching device 302 is turned off, the gain of radiation of the antenna apparatus 100 in the X2 direction, the Y1 direction, and the direction between X2 and Y1 is increased. (3) When the first switching device 301 is turned off and the second switching device 302 is turned off, the gain of radiation of the antenna apparatus 100 in the X1 direction, the Y1 direction, and the direction between X1 and Y1 is increased. (4) When the first switching device 301 is turned off and the second switching device 302 is turned on, the gain of radiation of the antenna apparatus 100 in the X1 direction, the Y2 direction, and the direction between X1 and Y2 is increased.

When the parasitic elements 20 are two, the positional relationship between the two parasitic elements 20 and the radiation element 10 is not limited to the left and upper sides of the radiation element 10, but may be located on the left and lower sides, the right and upper sides, the right and lower sides, etc. of the radiation element 10, and is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, there are two parasitic elements 20. In one embodiment, the surface on which the radiating element 11 is located is perpendicular to the surface on which the parasitic element 21 of one of the parasitic elements 20 is located, and is parallel to the surface on which the parasitic element 21 of the other parasitic element 20 is located. In this way, the directions of the guiding/reflecting action of the two parasitic elements 21 on the radiation of the radiation element 11 are orthogonal, which facilitates the regulation of the radiation pattern of the antenna device 100. Referring to fig. 6, in another embodiment, the surface of the radiating element 11 is perpendicular to the surface of the parasitic element 21 of one of the parasitic elements 20, and is inclined relative to the surface of the parasitic element 21 of the other parasitic element 20. Referring to fig. 7, in another embodiment, the surface of the radiating element 11 is parallel to the surface of the parasitic element 21 of one of the parasitic elements 20, and is inclined relative to the surface of the parasitic element 21 of the other parasitic element 20. Referring to fig. 8, in another embodiment, the surface of the radiating element 11 and the surfaces of the parasitic elements 21 of the two parasitic elements 20 are inclined with respect to each other. That is, the surface on which the parasitic element 21 of each parasitic element 20 is located and the surface on which the radiating element 11 is located may be parallel, perpendicular, or inclined relatively, and may be flexibly set according to the installation environment of the antenna device 100 without limitation, and at the same time, the different relative position relationships between the parasitic elements 20 and the radiating element 10 can all realize the effect of the two parasitic elements 21 on directing and/or reflecting the radiation of the radiating element 11.

Referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, the antenna apparatus 100 may further include a driving member 60, where the driving member 60 is used to drive the radiating element 10 and/or the parasitic element 20 to move so as to change the relative position between the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20. In this way, the radiation pattern of the antenna device 100 can be flexibly adjusted without providing a plurality of parasitic elements 21.

For example, in one embodiment, the radiating element 10 is fixed and the driver 60 is used to drive the parasitic element 20 to move, e.g., the parasitic element 20 may be mounted to the driver 60 to be driven by the driver 60 to move relative to the radiating element 10. When the driving member 60 drives the parasitic element 20 to move to the left side of the radiating element 10 and the switching device 30 is in the off state, the parasitic element 20 acts on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiating element 10, so that the electromagnetic wave is concentrated in the direction of X1. If the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation assembly 10 is concentrated in the direction of Y1, the driving element 60 can drive the parasitic assembly 20 to move to the upper side of the radiation assembly 10 and keep the switch device 30 in the off state, and at this time, the parasitic assembly 20 acts on the upper side of the radiation assembly 10 to concentrate the electromagnetic wave in the direction of Y1; or the parasitic element 20 may be driven by the driving element 60 to move to the lower side of the radiating element 10 and make the switching device 30 in the conducting state, and the parasitic element 20 may reflect on the lower side of the radiating element 10 to concentrate the electromagnetic wave toward the direction Y1. Understandably, the driving member 60 can drive the parasitic element 20 to move around the radiation element 10, for example, the parasitic element 20 can be driven to move to the left side, the left lower side, the right side, the upper left side, etc. of the radiation element 10, which is not limited herein.

Similarly, in yet another embodiment, the parasitic element 20 is fixed and the driving element 60 is used to drive the radiating element 10 to move, for example, the radiating element 10 may be mounted to the driving element 60 to be driven by the driving element 60 to move relative to the parasitic element 20, thereby changing the relative position between the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20. In yet another embodiment, the driving member 60 can drive the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20 to move, for example, the driving member 60 includes a first driving member and a second driving member, the radiating element 10 is mounted on the first driving member to be driven by the first driving member to move, and the parasitic element 20 is mounted on the second driving member to be driven by the second driving member to move, so as to change the relative position between the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20.

Referring to fig. 10, the present embodiment further provides an antenna device 200, where the antenna device 200 includes a first antenna element 70, a second antenna element 80, and a switching device 30. The first antenna component 70 comprises two first radiating elements 71, each first radiating element 71 comprising a first high frequency radiating branch 711 and a first low frequency radiating branch 712. The second antenna assembly 80 includes two second radiating elements 81, each second radiating element 81 includes a second high-frequency radiating branch 811 and a second low-frequency radiating branch 812, a resonant frequency of the second high-frequency radiating branch 811 is the same as a resonant frequency of the first high-frequency radiating branch 711, and a resonant frequency of the second low-frequency radiating branch 812 is the same as a resonant frequency of the second low-frequency radiating branch 812. The switching device 30 connects the first antenna element 70 and the second antenna element 80, and when the switching device 30 disconnects the first antenna element 70 and connects the second antenna element 80 to feed the second antenna element 80, the first antenna element 70 can direct the high frequency electromagnetic waves and the low frequency electromagnetic waves radiated from the second antenna element 80, and when the switching device 30 disconnects the second antenna element 80 and connects the first antenna element 70 to feed the first antenna element 70, the second antenna element 80 can direct the high frequency electromagnetic waves and the low frequency electromagnetic waves radiated from the first antenna element 70.

The antenna device 200 according to the embodiment of the present application can change the conduction state of the first antenna component 70 and the conduction state of the second antenna component 80 by the switching device 30, so that the second antenna component 80 acts on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna component 70, and can also change the conduction state of the first antenna component 70 and the conduction state of the second antenna component 80 by the switching device 30, so that the first antenna component 70 acts on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna component 80, so that the radiation gain of the antenna device 200 in a specific direction is improved, the reception of interference signals in other directions is reduced, and the adjustment of the radiation direction of the antenna is realized at a lower cost.

In one embodiment, the switching device 30 is a single pole double throw switch, and when the blade 33 of the single pole double throw switch is connected to the first contact 31, the blade 33 is disconnected from the second contact 32, and at this time, the switching device 30 is capable of turning on the first antenna assembly 70 and turning off the second antenna assembly 80; when the blade 33 of the single pole double throw switch is connected to the second contact 32 and the blade 33 is disconnected from the first contact 31, the switching device 30 is able to switch on the second antenna component 80 and switch off the first antenna component 70.

In some embodiments, the antenna apparatus 200 further comprises a controller 50, the controller 50 being connected to the switching device 30 via a feed line 51 and to the switching device 30 via a signal line 52, the controller 50 being configured to control the switching device 30 to feed the first antenna component 70 or the second antenna component 80. Wherein the controller 50 controls the switching device 30 to conduct the first antenna assembly 70 or the second antenna assembly 80 through the signal line 52 and to feed the conducted one of the first antenna assembly 70 and the second antenna assembly 80 through the feed line 51.

In some embodiments, a switching device 30 is provided in line with the feed line 51, the switching device 30 being used to selectively communicate the first antenna assembly 70 with the controller 50, or to communicate the second antenna assembly 80 with the controller 50.

In some embodiments, when the switching device 30 turns off the first antenna assembly 70, the two first radiating elements 71 are in an off state; when the switching device 30 turns on the first antenna assembly 70, the two first radiating elements 71 are in a conducting state. Similarly, when the switching device 30 turns off the second antenna assembly 80, the two second radiation units 81 are in an off state; when the switching device 30 turns on the second antenna component 80, the two second radiation elements 81 are in a conductive state.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 10, when the first antenna element 70 is fed and the second antenna element 80 is not fed, the second antenna element 80 is equivalent to the parasitic element 20 shown in fig. 1 to 3, and further, when the second antenna element 80 is not fed, the two second radiating elements 81 are in an off state, so that the second antenna element 80 is equivalent to the parasitic element 20 in which the two parasitic elements 21 are in the off state, and at this time, the second antenna element 80 can guide the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna element 70. Similarly, when the second antenna component 80 is fed and the first antenna component 70 is not fed, the first antenna component 70 corresponds to the parasitic component 20 shown in fig. 1 to 3, and further, when the first antenna component 70 is not fed, the two first radiating elements 71 are in the off state, so that the first antenna component 70 corresponds to the parasitic component 20 in which the two parasitic elements 21 are in the off state, and at this time, the first antenna component 70 can guide the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna component 80.

The guiding action relationship between the first antenna component 70 and the second antenna component 80 is the same as the principle of the guiding action relationship between the radiating component 10 and the parasitic component 20 shown in fig. 1 to 3, the antenna component conducted by the switching device 30 in the first antenna component 70 and the second antenna component 80 functions as the radiating component 10, and the antenna component not conducted functions as the parasitic component 20, and the specific principle is the same as the above, and is not described herein again.

Referring to fig. 1 and 10, in some embodiments, the distance between the first antenna element 70 and the second antenna element 80 is between a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first high-frequency radiating branch 711 and a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first low-frequency radiating branch 712, so as to ensure that the first antenna element 70 or the second antenna element 80 can act as an antenna element for radiating electromagnetic waves when the first antenna element 70 or the second antenna element 80 is used as the parasitic element 20.

Referring to fig. 1 and 10, in some embodiments, the center frequency of the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 is the same as the center frequency of the second high-frequency radiation branch 811, that is, the center wavelength of the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 is the same as the center wavelength of the second high-frequency radiation branch 811, which is equivalent to the center wavelength of the high-frequency radiation branch 111 being the same as the center wavelength of the high-frequency parasitic branch 211. Further, in one embodiment, the length of the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 is one fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first high-frequency radiation branch 711, the length of the second high-frequency radiation branch 811 is one fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the second high-frequency radiation branch 811, and the center frequency of the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 is the same as the center frequency of the second high-frequency radiation branch 811, and at this time, the length of the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 is the same as that of the second high-frequency radiation branch 811.

Referring to fig. 1 and 10, in some embodiments, the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 and the second high-frequency radiation branch 811 have the same shape, the first low-frequency radiation branch 712 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 812 have the same shape, which is equivalent to the high-frequency radiation branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, and the low-frequency radiation branch 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 have the same shape, and the same explanation of the same shape is the same as that described above, and thus, the description thereof is omitted.

Referring to fig. 1 and 10, in some embodiments, the first low-frequency radiation branch 712 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 812 have the same size, which is equivalent to the low-frequency radiation branch 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 having the same size, and the explanation of the same size is the same as before, and is not repeated herein. Similarly, in some embodiments, the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 and the second high-frequency radiation branch 811 have the same size, which is equivalent to the high-frequency radiation branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. In some embodiments, the first low-frequency radiation branch 712 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 812 have the same size, and the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 and the second high-frequency radiation branch 811 have the same size, which is equivalent to the low-frequency radiation branch 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 having the same size, and the high-frequency radiation branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211 having the same size, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.

Referring to fig. 1 and 10, in some embodiments, the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 and the second high-frequency radiation branch 811 can be completely overlapped. That is, the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 and the second high-frequency radiation branch 811 have the same shape and size. Similarly, in some embodiments, the first low frequency radiation branch 712 and the second low frequency radiation branch 812 can be completely coincident. That is, the first low-frequency radiation branch 712 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 812 are the same in shape and size. In some embodiments, the first high frequency radiating branch 711 and the second high frequency radiating branch 811 can be completely overlapped, and the first low frequency radiating branch 712 and the second low frequency radiating branch 812 can be completely overlapped, where the first antenna assembly 70 and the second antenna assembly 80 are completely identical, and can be completely identical to the radiating element 10 in fig. 1-3.

Referring to fig. 1 and 10, in some embodiments, the first high-frequency radiation branch 711 and the second high-frequency radiation branch 811 are disposed correspondingly, the first low-frequency radiation branch 712 and the second low-frequency radiation branch 812 are disposed correspondingly, which is equivalent to the high-frequency radiation branch 111 and the high-frequency parasitic branch 211, and the low-frequency radiation branch 112 and the low-frequency parasitic branch 212 are disposed correspondingly, and details thereof are not repeated herein.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, in some embodiments, the first antenna element 70 includes a first dielectric body 72, the first dielectric body 72 includes a first side 721 and a second side 722 opposite to each other, the second antenna element 80 includes a second dielectric body 82, the second dielectric body 82 includes a first side 821 and a second side 822 opposite to each other, the first radiating element 71 is disposed on the first side 721 of the first dielectric body 72 or the second side 722 of the first dielectric body 72, and the second radiating element 81 is disposed on the first side 821 of the second dielectric body 82 or the second side 822 of the second dielectric body 82.

Referring to fig. 5 to 8, similar to the positional relationship between the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20, the positional relationship between the first dielectric body 72 of the first antenna element 70 and the second dielectric body 82 of the second antenna element 80 may include: the first face 721 of the first dielectric body 72 is parallel to the first face 821 of the second dielectric body 82, the first face 721 of the first dielectric body 72 is perpendicular to the first face 821 of the second dielectric body 82, or the first face 721 of the first dielectric body 72 is inclined with respect to the first face 821 of the second dielectric body 82.

Further, in some embodiments, the second face 722 of the first dielectric body 72 is opposite to the second face 822 of the second dielectric body 82, the first radiation element 71 is disposed on the first face 721 of the first dielectric body 72, and the second radiation element 81 is disposed on the first face 821 of the second dielectric body 82, so that the distance between the first antenna component 70 and the second antenna component 80 can be set closer, and the size of the antenna device 200 can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 12, in some embodiments, the second antenna assemblies 80 may be multiple, the switching device 30 may be connected to the feeding unit 40 on each second antenna assembly 80 by a feeding line 51, and the multiple second antenna assemblies 80 may be located on different sides of the first antenna assembly 70. The switching device 30 may be used to selectively communicate the first antenna assembly 70 with the controller 50 to feed only the first antenna assembly 70, with the second antenna assembly 80 not communicated by the switching device 30 being unfed, and with the unfed second antenna assembly 80 contributing to the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna assembly 70. The switching device 30 may also be used to connect at least one second antenna component 80 to the controller 50 to feed at least one second antenna component 80, to cause other non-conducting second antenna components 80 to act on electromagnetic waves radiated by the conducting second antenna component 80, or to cause the non-conducting first antenna component 70 to act on electromagnetic waves radiated by the conducting second antenna component 80. In this way, the antenna device 200 can gain radiation by selecting a specific direction from a plurality of different directions according to the positional relationship between the second antenna component 80 and the first antenna component 70.

Referring to fig. 4, 11 and 12, in some embodiments, there are three second antenna elements 80, and the three second antenna elements 80 and the first antenna element 70 form a rectangle. In this manner, the antenna assembly is capable of selectively gaining radiation in a particular direction selected from orthogonal first direction X (including X1 and X2) and second direction Y (including Y1 and Y2).

According to the guiding relationship between the first antenna component 70 and the second antenna component 80, the four antenna components surrounding the rectangle may be four first antenna components 70, three first antenna components 70 and one second antenna component 80, two first antenna components 70 and two second antenna components 80, or four second antenna components 80, that is, the number of the first antenna components 70 may also be multiple, and the above combination can enable the antenna components to select specific directional gain radiation in the orthogonal first direction X and the orthogonal second direction Y. The following description will be given taking as an example a case where there are three second antenna elements 80 and one first antenna element 70.

In the rectangle surrounded by the three second antenna elements 80 and the first antenna element 70, the second antenna element 801 and the second antenna element 803 are located on the first side and the third side opposite to the rectangle, respectively, and the second antenna element 802 and the first antenna element 70 are located on the second side and the fourth side opposite to the rectangle, respectively, in this case, the second antenna element 801, the second antenna element 802, and the second antenna element 803 are located on the left side, the upper side, and the right side of the first antenna element 70, respectively. The switching device 30 in the antenna apparatus 200 may be a single-pole four-throw switch, and when the switching device 30 turns on the first antenna assembly 70 to feed the first antenna assembly 70, none of the remaining three second antenna assemblies 80 are fed and function similarly to the parasitic assembly 20 in fig. 1 to 4; similarly, when the switching device 30 turns on one of the second antenna components 80 to feed it, neither the remaining two second antenna components 80 nor the first antenna component 70 feed and function similarly to the parasitic component 20 in fig. 1 to 4.

Specifically, when the first antenna component 70 is fed, none of the remaining three second antenna components 80 are fed and function similarly to the parasitic component 20 in fig. 1 to 4 specifically: the second antenna element 801, the second antenna element 802, and the second antenna element 803 have a guiding effect on the electromagnetic wave radiated from the first antenna element 70, and the guiding effects are along the X1 direction, the Y1 direction, and the X2 direction, respectively, wherein the guiding effects along the X1 direction and the X2 direction cancel each other out, so that the electromagnetic wave radiated from the antenna apparatus 200 finally appears to be concentrated toward the Y1 direction, that is, the gain of the radiation from the antenna apparatus 200 in the Y1 direction is increased.

Similarly, if it is desired to increase the gain of the radiation of the antenna device 200 in the direction Y2, it is only necessary to conduct the second antenna element 802 through the switching device 30 to feed the second antenna element 802, while the remaining two second antenna elements 80 and the first antenna element 70 are not fed, and function similarly to the parasitic element 20 in fig. 1 to 4. The guiding actions of the second antenna element 801, the first antenna element 70, and the second antenna element 803 on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna element 802 are along the X1 direction, the Y2 direction, and the X2 direction, respectively, wherein the guiding actions along the X1 direction and the X2 direction cancel each other out, so that the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna device 200 finally appears to be concentrated towards the Y2 direction, i.e., the gain of the radiation of the antenna device 200 in the Y2 direction is increased.

Similarly, it is also possible to turn on only the second antenna component 803 to increase the gain of the radiation of the antenna device 200 in the X1 direction; it is also possible to switch on only the second antenna component 801 to gain increase the radiation of the antenna arrangement 200 in the X2 direction. As such, when four antenna elements surround a rectangle, the radiation of the antenna device 200 can be gain-enhanced in the orthogonal X1 direction, Y1 direction, X2 direction, or Y2 direction.

Further, in one embodiment, when only the second antenna element 801 is fed, the directing effect of the first antenna element 70, the second antenna element 802, and the second antenna element 803 on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna element 70 is along the Y2 direction, the Y1 direction, and the X2 direction, respectively. If the first radiating element 71 of the first antenna assembly 70 is identical to the second radiating element 81 of the second antenna assembly 802, the guiding effects in the Y2 direction and the Y1 direction can be cancelled out; if the first radiation element 71 of the first antenna assembly 70 is different from the second radiation element 81 of the second antenna assembly 802, the guiding effects along the Y2 direction and the Y1 direction may not cancel each other, and at this time, the radiation of the antenna device 200 may have a gain increase in a certain direction between the Y1 direction and the X2 direction, or a gain increase in a certain direction between the Y2 direction and the X2 direction. That is, when the first radiation element 71 is different from the second radiation element 81, the radiation of the antenna device 200 can also be gain-boosted in a non-orthogonal direction other than the orthogonal X1 direction, Y1 direction, X2 direction, or Y2 direction.

Further, the antenna assembly 200 may further include a plurality of fed antenna assemblies, the fed antenna assemblies may function in the same manner as the radiating assemblies 10 shown in fig. 1 to 4, and the antenna assemblies that are not fed may function in a manner similar to the parasitic assemblies 20 shown in fig. 1 to 4. For example, the second antenna element 801, the second antenna element 802, and the second antenna element 803 are all fed, and when the first antenna element 70 is not fed, the first antenna element 70 functions similarly to the parasitic element 20, and has a guiding function for electromagnetic waves radiated from the second antenna element 801, the second antenna element 802, and the second antenna element 803.

Further, the positional relationship between the four antenna elements is not limited to form a rectangle, and when the four antenna elements form other shapes, such as a parallelogram, a trapezoid, a prism, etc., the radiation of the antenna apparatus 200 can be correspondingly increased according to the positional relationship such as the spacing and the included angle between the four antenna elements in a specific direction.

Further, the number of antenna elements in the antenna device 200 is not limited to four, and may be five, six, seven or more antenna elements, which are not listed here. The plurality of antenna elements may also enclose a pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, circle, etc., which are not enumerated herein.

Referring to fig. 13 to 14, an unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 is further provided in the present embodiment. The drone 1000 includes the antenna device 100 and/or the antenna device 200 according to any one of the above embodiments, and the drone 1000 performs signal transmission with the control terminal 2000 through the antenna device 100 and/or the antenna device 200. The control terminal 2000 may be a remote controller, a control base station, etc., and is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 1, 10, 13 and 14, in some embodiments, the controller 50 of the antenna apparatus 100 controls the on/off state of the switch device 30 according to the posture of the drone 1000 relative to the control end 2000. For example, the drone 1000 is provided with a GPS positioning device, which can acquire an attitude angle of the drone 1000 with respect to the control end 2000.

Referring to fig. 1, taking the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 including the antenna apparatus 100, the antenna apparatus 100 includes the radiating element 10 and the parasitic element 20 as an example, the switching device 30 is connected to the parasitic element 20, the radiating element 10 is closer to the nose 1100 than the parasitic element 20, and the parasitic element 20 is closer to the tail 1200 than the radiating element 10. When the aircraft nose 1100 of unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 can be confirmed according to the relative control end 2000's of unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 attitude angle towards control end 2000, controller 50 control switch device 30 is in the on-state, make parasitic component 20 play the reflex action to the electromagnetic wave of radiation component 10 radiation, make the electromagnetic wave of radiation concentrate towards aircraft nose 1100 direction, so that the radiation of aircraft nose 1100 direction receives the gain, so as to improve intensity and the quality of signal interaction between unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 and the control end 2000, and reduce that unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 receives the interference signal of other directions such as tail 1200 direction. When the tail 1200 of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 can be determined to face the control end 2000 according to the attitude angle of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 relative to the control end 2000, the controller 50 controls the switch device 30 to be in the off state, so that the parasitic component 20 plays a guiding role on the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation component 10, the radiated electromagnetic waves are concentrated towards the tail 1200, so that the radiation in the tail 1200 direction is gained, the strength and quality of signal interaction between the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 and the control end 2000 are improved, and the interference signals received by the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 in other directions, such as the tail 1200 direction, are reduced.

Referring to fig. 10, for example, the drone 1000 includes the antenna device 200, and the antenna device 200 includes the first antenna component 70 and the second antenna component 80, where the first antenna component 70 is closer to the handpiece 1100 than the second antenna component 80, and the second antenna component 80 is closer to the tail 1200 than the first antenna component 70. When the head 1100 of the drone 1000 faces the control end 2000 according to the attitude angle of the drone 1000 relative to the control end 2000, the controller 50 controls the switching device 30 to turn on the second antenna assembly 80 and turn off the first antenna assembly 70, so that the first antenna assembly 70 plays a guiding role on the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna assembly 80, the radiated electromagnetic waves are concentrated towards the head 1100, the radiation in the direction of the head 1100 is subjected to gain, the strength and quality of signal interaction between the drone 1000 and the control end 2000 are improved, and the interference signals received by the drone 1000 in other directions, such as the direction of the tail 1200, are reduced. When it can be determined that the tail 1200 of the drone 1000 faces the control end 2000 according to the attitude angle of the drone 1000 relative to the control end 2000, the controller 50 controls the switching device 30 to turn on the first antenna assembly 70 and turn off the second antenna assembly 80, so that the second antenna assembly 80 guides the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna assembly 70, the radiated electromagnetic waves are concentrated towards the tail 1200, the radiation in the tail 1200 direction is subjected to gain, the strength and quality of signal interaction between the drone 1000 and the control end 2000 are improved, and interference signals received by the drone 1000 in other directions, such as the tail 1200 direction, are reduced.

Referring to fig. 1, 10, 13, and 14, in some embodiments, the on/off state of the switching device 30 is related to the strength of the signal received by the control terminal 2000. For example, in a first preset period, the controller 50 controls the switching device 30 to sequentially change the on-off state, so that the radiation gain direction of the antenna apparatus 100 sequentially changes, and when the first period ends, the on-off state of the switching device 30 in a time period when the signal received by the control terminal 2000 is strongest is taken as the on-off state of the switching device 30 in a second preset period until the second preset period ends and a next first preset period starts.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, fig. 13, and fig. 14, in an embodiment, the drone 1000 includes two antenna devices, both of which are the antenna device 100 described above and are respectively referred to as a first antenna device 100 and a second antenna device 100, the first antenna device 100 includes the first switch device 30, and the second antenna device 100 includes the second switch device 30. The first switching device 30 is turned on and the second switching device 30 is turned on at 0ms to 20ms within a first preset period, the first switching device 30 is turned on and the second switching device 30 is turned off at 20ms to 40ms within the first preset period, the first switching device 30 is turned off and the second switching device 30 is turned off at 40ms to 60ms within the first preset period, the first switching device 30 is turned off and the second switching device 30 is turned on at 60ms to 80ms within the first preset period, if the strength of the signal received by the control terminal 2000 is strongest at 0ms to 20ms, the first switching device 30 is kept on and the second switching device 30 is kept on for the entire second period (80 ms to 160ms), and so on, if the strength of the signal received by the control terminal 2000 is strongest at 20ms to 40ms, the first switching device 30 is kept on and the second switching device 30 is kept for the entire second period, if the strength of the signal received by the control terminal 2000 is the strongest at the 40ms to 60ms, the first switching device 30 is kept turned off and the second switching device 30 is kept turned off in the whole second period, and if the strength of the signal received by the control terminal 2000 is the strongest at the 60ms to 80ms, the first switching device 30 is kept turned off and the second switching device 30 is kept turned on in the whole second period.

Understandably, the drone 1000 is not limited to including one or two antenna devices 100, but may include three, four, five, or more antenna devices 100.

Referring to fig. 5, 13, and 14, in another embodiment, the antenna device 100 may include a plurality of parasitic elements 20 to flexibly adjust the gain of the antenna device 100 in different directions.

Similarly, referring to fig. 10, 12 to 14, in another embodiment, the on/off state of the switching device 30 corresponds to the conducting state of a plurality of antenna elements, i.e., the on/off state of the switching device 30 determines whether each antenna element feeds power.

Taking the case where the drone 1000 includes the antenna device 200 shown in fig. 10, that is, the antenna device 200 includes the first antenna assembly 70 and the second antenna assembly 80, the on/off state of the switching device 30 includes: only the first antenna component 70 or only the second antenna component 80 is switched on. The on-off state of the switching device 30 in the first preset period is as follows: only the first antenna element 70 is turned on between 0ms and 20ms and only the second antenna element 80 is turned on between 20ms and 40 ms. If the control end 2000 receives the strongest signal strength from 0ms to 20ms, the switching device 30 keeps conducting only the first antenna element 70 for the entire second period (40 ms to 80ms), and so on, and if the control end 2000 receives the strongest signal strength from 20ms to 40ms, the switching device 30 keeps conducting only the second antenna element 80 for the entire second period.

The drone 1000 may be provided with a plurality of antenna devices 200, for example, two, three, four, five, or more antenna devices 200, so as to flexibly adjust the gains of the antenna devices 200 in different directions.

In yet another embodiment, the antenna device 100 may include a plurality of second antenna assemblies 80. Taking the case where the drone 1000 includes the antenna device 200 shown in fig. 12, that is, the antenna device 200 includes the first antenna component 70, the second antenna component 801, the second antenna component 802, and the second antenna component 803 as an example, the on-off state of the switching device 30 includes: conducting only the first antenna component 70 (i.e. the first antenna component 70 feeds, the same below), conducting only the second antenna component 801, conducting only the second antenna component 802, or conducting only the second antenna component 803. The on-off state of the switching device 30 in the first preset period is as follows: only the first antenna element 70 is turned on between 0ms and 20ms, only the second antenna element 801 is turned on between 20ms and 40ms, only the second antenna element 802 is turned on between 40ms and 60ms, and only the second antenna element 803 is turned on between 60ms and 80 ms. If the signal strength received by the control terminal 2000 is strongest between 0ms and 20ms, the switching device 30 keeps conducting only the first antenna assembly 70 for the entire second period (80 ms to 160ms), and so on, if the signal strength received by the control terminal 2000 is strongest between 20ms and 40ms, the switching device 30 keeps conducting only the second antenna assembly 801 for the entire second period, if the signal strength received by the control terminal 2000 is strongest between 40ms and 60ms, the switching device 30 keeps conducting only the second antenna assembly 802 for the entire second period, and if the signal strength received by the control terminal 2000 is strongest between 60ms and 80ms, the switching device 30 keeps conducting only the second antenna assembly 803 for the entire second period.

Understandably, the on-off state of the switching device 30 may further include: simultaneously turning on the two antenna elements, i.e., simultaneously turning on the first antenna element 70 and the second antenna element 801; the method can also comprise the following steps: simultaneously conducting the three antenna elements, i.e., simultaneously conducting the second antenna element 801, the second antenna element 802, and the second antenna element 803; the method can also comprise the following steps: the four antenna elements are turned on simultaneously, such as the first antenna element 70, the second antenna element 801, the second antenna element 802, and the second antenna element 803. When the antenna device 100 comprises more than four antenna elements, the on-off state of the switching device 30 may also comprise simultaneous conduction of more than four antenna elements, not to be enumerated here.

Referring to fig. 13 and 14, in some embodiments, the drone 1000 further includes a body 1300, a boom 1400 mounted to the body 1300, and a foot rest 1500 mounted to the boom 1400. In one embodiment, the horn 1400 mounts the antenna assembly 100 and/or the antenna assembly 200. In yet another embodiment, the stand 1500 is mounted with the antenna device 100 and/or the antenna device 200. In yet another embodiment, the horn 1400 and the stand 1500 are each mounted with the antenna apparatus 100 and/or the antenna apparatus 200. That is, the drone 1000 may be equipped with only the antenna device 100, only the antenna device 200, or both the antenna device 100 and the antenna device 200.

In which the horn 1400 extends in a horizontal direction with respect to the body 1300, so that the polarization direction of current in the antenna device 100/200 installed in the horn 1400 is in a horizontal direction. The stand 1500 extends in a vertical direction with respect to the body 1300, and thus the polarization direction of current in the antenna device 100/200 mounted on the stand 1500 is in a vertical direction. When the drone 1000 flies along different paths at different attitude angles, the attenuation rates of the currents of the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization are also different, and when the antenna device 100 and/or the antenna device 200 are installed on both the boom 1400 and the foot rest 1500, the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization of the antenna devices 100/200 can be compensated for each other, so that the lower limit of the radiation attenuation of the whole drone 1000 is improved.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the two sides of the head 1100 of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 are respectively provided with the foot rests 1500, the two sides of the tail 1200 of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 are respectively provided with the arms 1400, the foot rests 1500 on the two sides of the head 1100 of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 are provided with the antenna devices 100 and/or the antenna devices 200, and the arms 1400 on the two sides of the tail 1200 of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 are provided with the antenna devices 100 and/or the antenna devices 200.

Further, in the antenna device 100 in the leg 1500, the orientation of the radiating element 11 and the orientation of the parasitic element 21 both coincide with the direction of the roll axis O3 of the body 1300; in the antenna device 100 in the horn 1400, the radiating element 11 and the parasitic element 21 are both inclined with respect to the roll axis O3 of the main body 1300. Thus, the space of the horn 1400 and the leg 1500 can be fully utilized to set the antenna device 100, and the current polarization characteristics of each antenna device 100 can be considered, so that the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization of each antenna device 100 can be compensated mutually, and the overall radiation attenuation lower limit of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 can be improved.

Further, in the antenna device 200 in the foot rest 1500, both the orientation of the first radiation element 71 and the orientation of the second radiation element 81 coincide with the direction of the roll axis O3 of the body 1300; in the antenna device 200 in the horn 1400, the first radiation element 71 and the second radiation element 81 are oriented obliquely with respect to the roll axis O3 of the main body 1300. Thus, the space of the horn 1400 and the leg 1500 can be fully utilized to set the antenna device 200, and the current polarization characteristics of each antenna device 200 can be considered, so that the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization of each antenna device 200 can be compensated mutually, and the overall radiation attenuation lower limit of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1000 can be improved.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "certain embodiments," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, unless specifically limited otherwise.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application, which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that the antenna device comprises:

the radiating assembly comprises two radiating units, the two radiating units form a dipole antenna, each radiating unit comprises a high-frequency radiating branch and a low-frequency radiating branch, the high-frequency radiating branch is used for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the low-frequency radiating branch is used for radiating low-frequency electromagnetic waves;

the parasitic assembly comprises two parasitic units, each parasitic unit comprises a high-frequency parasitic branch and a low-frequency parasitic branch, the resonant frequency of the high-frequency parasitic branch is the same as that of the high-frequency radiation branch, and the resonant frequency of the low-frequency parasitic branch is the same as that of the low-frequency radiation branch; and

the switch device is connected with the two parasitic units, when the switch device is in an on state, the parasitic component can reflect the high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and when the switch device is in an off state, the parasitic component can guide the high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the low-frequency electromagnetic waves.

2. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein the distance between the radiating element and the parasitic element is between a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the high frequency radiating stub and a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the low frequency radiating stub.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency radiating stub and the high-frequency parasitic stub have the same shape, and the low-frequency radiating stub and the low-frequency parasitic stub have the same shape; the high-frequency radiation branch knot and the high-frequency parasitic branch knot have the same size, and the low-frequency radiation branch knot and the low-frequency parasitic branch knot have the same size.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency radiation branch is provided corresponding to the high-frequency parasitic branch, and the low-frequency radiation branch is provided corresponding to the low-frequency parasitic branch.

5. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the radiating element includes a first dielectric body, the first dielectric body includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the parasitic element includes a second dielectric body, the second dielectric body includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the radiating element is disposed on the first surface of the first dielectric body or the second surface of the first dielectric body, and the parasitic element is disposed on the first surface of the second dielectric body or the second surface of the second dielectric body;

the first surface of the first dielectric body is parallel to the first surface of the second dielectric body; or

The first surface of the first dielectric body is vertical to the first surface of the second dielectric body; or

The first surface of the first dielectric body is inclined relative to the first surface of the second dielectric body.

6. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the radiating element includes a first dielectric body, the first dielectric body includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the parasitic element includes a second dielectric body, the second dielectric body includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the second surface of the first dielectric body is opposite to the second surface of the second dielectric body, the radiating element is disposed on the first surface of the first dielectric body, and the parasitic element is disposed on the first surface of the second dielectric body.

7. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a controller connected to the switching device through a signal line to control on/off of the switching device, wherein the switching device is disposed on the second dielectric body of the parasitic element.

8. The antenna device according to claim 7, wherein the controller connects the radiating element by a feeder to feed the radiating element.

9. The antenna device according to claim 7, wherein the parasitic element is a plurality of elements, the switching device is a plurality of elements, one switching device is provided for each parasitic element, the controller is connected to the plurality of switching devices through a signal line, and the plurality of parasitic elements are located on different sides of the radiating element.

10. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein the number of the parasitic elements is two, and a surface on which the radiating element is located is perpendicular to a surface on which the parasitic element of one of the parasitic elements is located, and is parallel to a surface on which the parasitic element of the other one of the parasitic elements is located; or

The surface where the radiating unit is located is vertical to the surface where the parasitic unit of one of the parasitic assemblies is located, and is inclined relative to the surface where the parasitic unit of the other parasitic assembly is located; or

The surface where the radiating unit is located is parallel to the surface where the parasitic unit of one of the parasitic assemblies is located, and is inclined relative to the surface where the parasitic unit of the other parasitic assembly is located.

11. The antenna device according to claim 7, further comprising:

the driving piece is used for driving the radiation component and/or the parasitic component to move so as to change the relative position between the radiation component and the parasitic component.

12. An antenna device, characterized in that the antenna device comprises:

a first antenna assembly comprising two first radiating elements, each of the first radiating elements comprising a first high frequency radiating stub and a first low frequency radiating stub;

a second antenna assembly including two second radiating elements, each of the second radiating elements including a second high-frequency radiating branch and a second low-frequency radiating branch, a resonant frequency of the second high-frequency radiating branch being the same as a resonant frequency of the first high-frequency radiating branch, and a resonant frequency of the second low-frequency radiating branch being the same as a resonant frequency of the second low-frequency radiating branch; and

a switching device, the switching device connecting the first antenna assembly and the second antenna assembly, when the switching device disconnects the first antenna assembly and connects the second antenna assembly to feed the second antenna assembly, two of the second radiating elements of the second antenna assembly form a dipole antenna, the first antenna assembly can direct high-frequency electromagnetic waves and low-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated from the second antenna assembly, when the switching device disconnects the second antenna assembly and connects the first antenna assembly to feed the first antenna assembly, two of the first radiating elements of the first antenna assembly form a dipole antenna, and the second antenna assembly can direct high-frequency electromagnetic waves and low-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated from the first antenna assembly.

13. A drone, characterized in that it comprises:

the antenna device of any of claims 1-12.

14. A drone according to claim 13, characterised in that the controller of the antenna arrangement controls the on-off state of the switching device according to the attitude of the drone with respect to the control end.

15. The drone of claim 14, further comprising:

a body;

a horn mounted to the body; and

and the stand is arranged on the horn, and the antenna device is arranged on the horn and/or the stand.

16. The unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 15, wherein the two sides of the nose of the unmanned aerial vehicle are respectively provided with a foot rest, the two sides of the tail of the unmanned aerial vehicle are respectively provided with the horn, the foot rests on the two sides of the nose of the unmanned aerial vehicle are provided with the antenna device, and the horns on the two sides of the tail of the unmanned aerial vehicle are provided with the antenna device.