CN215855709U - Quick excrement recycling device for carrying out hydrothermal carbonization by using ship waste heat in cascade mode - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a rapid excrement recycling device for performing hydrothermal carbonization by using ship waste heat in a cascade manner, and belongs to the technical field of ship excrement recycling. The device comprises a feeding unit, a hydrothermal carbonization unit, a waste heat gradient utilization unit and a hydrothermal product collection unit, wherein the feeding unit, the hydrothermal carbonization unit, the waste heat gradient utilization unit and the hydrothermal product collection unit are sequentially connected, and a dirt intercepting hanging backboard in the feeding unit can adjust the proportion of excrement and urine in excrement, so that the device effectively conforms to the sailing condition of ship bumping. The device obtains high-heat-value hydrothermal carbon and liquid by carrying out hydrothermal carbonization reaction on the excrement, and has the advantages of miniaturization, small floor area, high automation degree, adaptation to navigation conditions, high treatment efficiency and the like; the prepared hydrothermal carbon can be used as high-quality fuel, biochar fertilizer and the like; the prepared liquid can be used as liquid fertilizer and can also be used as a denitrification supplementary carbon source of a ship domestic sewage treatment device.

Description

Quick excrement recycling device for carrying out hydrothermal carbonization by using ship waste heat in cascade mode

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of ship excrement recycling, in particular to a quick excrement recycling device for carrying out hydrothermal carbonization by using ship waste heat in a stepped manner.

Background

The human navigation industry and ocean development have advanced unprecedentedly, and over 90% of world trade traffic is borne by shipping: ship excrement (feces and urine) is one of the main sources of water pollution as a mobile pollution source. As the number of ships continues to increase, the pollution of the water environment caused by random discharge of the ships becomes increasingly serious. After nutritive salt in the ship domestic sewage enters a water environment, even if the content of the nutritive salt is 0.01 mg/L, algae can excessively grow and breed to cause water eutrophication, so that the content of dissolved oxygen in water is reduced, and aerobic populations (such as fishes) in marine animal and plant populations are replaced by low-level anaerobic populations (soft insects). In addition, the ship fecal sewage contains a large amount of pathogenic bacteria and parasites, and if the ship fecal sewage is directly discharged to a port fish farm or a seaside bathing place without being treated or unqualified in treatment, the ship fecal sewage can bring great harm to aquaculture and human health.

The ship excrement has the characteristics of complex components, high organic matter content, large water content, high transportation cost and the like, so that the on-site treatment and the rapid decrement of the ship excrement are imperative. The common methods for treating the ship excrement at present are a biochemical treatment method and a physical treatment method. About 90 percent of ship excrement treatment adopts a biochemical method, but the process flow is complex, the occupied space is large, the treatment time is long (15-30 days), the reduction effect is poor, and the treatment link of gravity settling is easily influenced by ship jolt. Compared with the biochemical method, the physical and chemical method can reduce the occupied area from 1/4 to 1/2, has more stable effect and is easy to realize automatic control, but has high equipment and daily operation cost and consumes more energy and materials. Therefore, a ship excrement recycling device with the advantages of rapid reduction, high efficiency and energy conservation is urgently needed.

A biomass value-added treatment method rapidly developed in the Hydrothermal Carbonization (Hydrothermal Carbonization) technology in recent years takes water as a reaction medium, and converts biomass into a multifunctional carbon-based material with high added value, namely Hydrothermal carbon (hydrocar) and a byproduct liquid fertilizer at a certain temperature and pressure; compared with other physicochemical treatment methods (such as combustion, pyrolysis, liquefaction, gasification and the like), the hydrothermal carbonization reaction is mild, the greenhouse gas emission is less, the reaction period is short, the reaction materials do not need pretreatment such as drying and the like, germs in the excrement can be completely inactivated, the process operation is simple and easy, the biomass waste with high water content can be reduced and harmlessly treated, and the hydrothermal carbon and other resource products can be produced. The hydrothermal carbon has similar properties to Biochar (Biochar) generated by biomass pyrolysis (so sometimes called Biochar), and can be used as fuel, soil conditioner, carbon dioxide fixing agent, pollutant adsorbent and the like in various fields.

At present, the hydrothermal carbonization technology is not used in the field of ship excrement treatment, the utility model innovatively introduces the hydrothermal carbonization technology into a ship excrement treatment link, designs a quick excrement recycling device for carrying out hydrothermal carbonization by using the flue gas waste heat of a ship engine in a cascade manner, realizes recycling while treating the ship excrement quickly, efficiently, safely, reliably and self-powered, and has practical application potential; in the later new era, the application of the technology can bring new opportunities and development power for energy conservation, pollution reduction and carbon reduction of shipping markets.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a quick excrement recycling device for carrying out hydrothermal carbonization by using ship waste heat in a gradient manner.

The device comprises a feeding unit, a hydrothermal carbonization unit, a waste heat gradient utilization unit and a hydrothermal product collection unit, wherein the feeding unit comprises an inclined plane filter screen, a first feeding hole, a sewage interception cabin and a material regulation crushing cabin, the sewage interception cabin is a space surrounded by a first partition plate, a second partition plate, a sewage interception hanging backboard and a movable door, the material regulation crushing cabin comprises a first stirrer, a middle overflow port and a first discharging hole, the first feeding hole is arranged at the top of the feeding unit, the lower part of the first feeding hole is the sewage interception cabin, one side of the inclined plane filter screen is hung on the other side of the feeding unit and connected with the sewage interception hanging backboard, the other side of the sewage interception hanging backboard is connected with the first partition plate, the movable door is arranged below the sewage interception hanging backboard, the joint of the inclined plane filter screen and the sewage interception hanging backboard is vertically connected with the second partition plate at the same time, the other side of the second partition plate is connected with the movable door, the first stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the feeding unit, the lower part of the side surface of the feeding unit is provided with a middle overflow port, and the bottom of the other side surface of the feeding unit is provided with a first discharge port; the hydrothermal carbonization unit comprises a preheating tank, a second feeding hole, a first sensor module, a first small electromagnetic valve, a second discharging hole, a second stirrer, a hydrothermal reaction tank, a third feeding hole, a second sensor module, an electronic control pressure release valve, a second small electromagnetic valve and a third discharging hole, wherein the second feeding hole is formed in one side of the upper portion of the preheating tank; the waste heat cascade utilization unit comprises a first shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a second shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a three-way valve and an air pump, the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger is wrapped outside the preheating tank, the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger is wrapped outside the hydrothermal reaction tank, the three-way valve is arranged at the flue gas inlet of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the flue gas outlet of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the air pump is arranged at the final flue gas outlet of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger; the hydrothermal product collecting unit comprises a fourth feeding hole, a bottomless drawer, a plate-shaped filter element, a liquid fertilizer storage chamber and a fourth discharging hole, the fourth feeding hole in the top of the hydrothermal product collecting unit is connected with the third discharging hole through a pipeline, the plate-shaped filter element is fixed in the middle of the inside of the hydrothermal product collecting unit, the bottomless drawer capable of being pulled outwards is arranged close to the lower portion of the plate-shaped filter element, the liquid fertilizer storage chamber is arranged at the lower portion of the plate-shaped filter element, and the fourth discharging hole is formed in the lower portion of one side of the hydrothermal product collecting unit.

Wherein, the first discharge gate department disposes the solenoid valve.

The volume ratio of a sewage intercepting cabin to a material adjusting crushing cabin in the feeding unit is 1: 4-4: 4; the middle overflow port is positioned at 1/4-3/4 of the height of the material adjusting crushing cabin; the aperture of the sewage intercepting hanging backboard is 3-5 mm, the aperture of the inclined plane filter screen is 3-5 mm, and both the sewage intercepting hanging backboard and the inclined plane filter screen can be detached.

The volumes of the preheating tank and the hydrothermal reaction tank are the same; the second feeding hole, the third feeding hole and the third discharging hole are provided with corresponding electromagnetic valves to realize the sealing of the tank body and the transportation of materials along with a set program; the first small electromagnetic valve and the second small electromagnetic valve are used for communicating the air pressure inside and outside the tank when feeding and discharging materials, and smooth feeding and discharging of the materials are guaranteed.

The first sensor module and the second sensor module each include a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor, and a liquid level sensor.

When the device is applied, ship excrement directly enters the sewage intercepting cabin through the excrement pipeline and the first feed inlet, when the excrement volume of the sewage intercepting cabin exceeds the volume of the sewage intercepting cabin, urine-containing liquid overflows and is filtered through the sewage intercepting hanging backboard and the inclined plane filter screen, flows into the material adjusting crushing cabin, opens the middle overflow port of the material adjusting crushing cabin, and overflows redundant urine-containing liquid; when the sewage intercepting cabin is filled with solid excrement, the first feed port and the middle overflow port are closed, the movable door is pulled open to enable the excrement in the sewage intercepting cabin to fall into the material adjusting crushing cabin to be mixed with the urine-containing body below, the solid-liquid volume ratio of the excrement to the liquid is 4: 1-0.3: 1, the first stirring machine is opened to stir for 1-2 min to form raw material slurry suitable for hydrothermal carbonization reaction, the raw material slurry is discharged into a preheating tank of a hydrothermal carbonization unit through the first discharge port, and the redundant urine-containing body flowing out of the middle overflow port of the material adjusting crushing cabin flows into a ship domestic sewage treatment device to be treated together.

After entering a preheating tank, heating the raw material slurry to 70-85 ℃, further stirring for 1-3 min, discharging the raw material slurry from a second discharge port, entering a hydrothermal reaction tank through a third feed port, reacting, and discharging the raw material slurry to a hydrothermal product collecting unit through a third discharge port; high-temperature flue gas generated by the ship engine flows in from the lower port of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger and flows out from the upper port of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger to finish heating the hydrothermal reaction tank body; the flue gas after heat exchange flowing out of the upper port of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger flows in from the lower port of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger and flows out from the upper port of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger, so that the excrement is preheated, and the cascade utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas is realized; the first sensor module and the second sensor module respectively detect the temperature of the preheating tank and the hydrothermal reaction tank, and the opening of the three-way valve and the work of the air pump are controlled to adjust the amount of flue gas flowing through the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to needs, so that the high-temperature flue gas of the ship engine can be utilized in a gradient manner.

Kitchen waste on the ship can be treated by the device in a way that excrement and sewage are combined.

The technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the device utilizes the hydrothermal carbonization technology to treat the ship excrement, does not need to add other medicaments, does not need dehydration pretreatment before treatment, can quickly reduce the amount, deodorize and sterilize, and obtains high-heat-value hydrothermal carbon and liquid fertilizer; the yield of the hydrothermal carbon is about 48.3-88.4%, so that the weight of the excrement is reduced by about 11.6-51.7%, and the storage space of the ship excrement is greatly saved;

(2) the water-heating carbon is clean and sanitary, is not easy to mildew, can be doped into fire coal as fuel, and can also be used as fertilizer or soil conditioner; nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and the like required by crops are reserved, the germination rate of seeds is more than 70%, and the liquid fertilizer is safe and environment-friendly and has excellent fertilizer efficiency;

(3) compared with a gravity settling method, the solid-liquid separation efficiency of the sewage intercepting hanging basket structure is higher, the proportion of excrement and urine fed by the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is flexibly adjusted, and the sewage intercepting hanging basket structure is more suitable for the sailing condition of ship jolting;

(4) the device utilizes the structural distribution characteristics of the accommodation area and the working area of the ship, adopts vertical arrangement, and utilizes self-gravity to transport materials, thereby reducing energy consumption;

(5) the device utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas of the ship engine in a cascade manner, fully utilizes waste energy and reduces thermal pollution;

(6) the configuration scheme of the sensor of the device is matched with the navigation condition, and the device has high automation degree.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rapid fecal sewage recycling device for performing hydrothermal carbonization by using ship waste heat in a cascade manner according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a feed unit of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a preheating tank according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of a reaction tank according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a hydrothermal product collecting unit according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.

Wherein: 1-a feed unit; 2-inclined plane filter screen; 3-a first feed port; 4-a first separator; 5-a second separator; 6-sewage intercepting and hanging backboard; 7-a movable door; 8-a first mixer; 9-a middle overflow port; 10-a first discharge port; 11-preheating tank; 12-a second feed port; 13-a first sensor module; 14-small solenoid valve I; 15-a second discharge port; 16-a first shell-and-tube heat exchanger; 17-a second mixer; 18-a hydrothermal reaction tank; 19-a third feed port; 20-a second sensor module; 21-an electrically controlled pressure relief valve; 22-small electromagnetic valve II; 23-a third discharge port; 24-a second shell-and-tube heat exchanger; 25-three-way valve; 26-a hydrothermal product collection unit; 27-a fourth feed port; 28-bottomless drawer; 29-plate filter element; 30-a liquid fertilizer storage chamber; 31-a fourth discharge port; 32-air pump.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The utility model provides a rapid excrement recycling device for performing hydrothermal carbonization by using ship waste heat in a stepped manner.

As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a feeding unit 1, a hydrothermal carbonization unit, a waste heat cascade utilization unit and a hydrothermal product collection unit.

As shown in figure 2, the feeding unit 1 comprises an inclined plane filter screen 2, a first feeding hole 3, a dirt intercepting cabin and a material adjusting and crushing cabin, the dirt intercepting cabin is a space enclosed by a first partition plate 4, a second partition plate 5, a dirt intercepting hanging backboard 6 and a movable door 7, the material adjusting and crushing cabin comprises a first stirrer 8, a middle overflow port 9 and a first discharging hole 10, the first feeding hole 3 is arranged at the top of the feeding unit 1, the dirt intercepting cabin is arranged at the lower part of the first feeding hole 3, one side of the inclined plane filter screen 2 is hung at the other side of the feeding unit 1 and is connected with the dirt intercepting hanging backboard 6, the other side of the dirt intercepting hanging backboard 6 is connected with the first partition plate 4, the movable door 7 is arranged below the dirt intercepting hanging backboard 6, the joint of the inclined plane filter screen 2 and the dirt intercepting hanging backboard 6 is vertically connected with the second partition plate 5, the other side of the second partition plate 5 is connected with the movable door 7, the first stirrer 8 is arranged at the bottom in the feeding unit 1, the middle overflow port 9 is arranged at the lower part of the side of the feeding unit 1, the bottom of the other side surface of the feeding unit 1 is provided with a first discharging hole 10.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the hydrothermal carbonization unit comprises a preheating tank 11, a second inlet 12, a first sensor module 13, a first small electromagnetic valve 14, a second outlet 15, a second stirrer 17, a hydrothermal reaction tank 18, a third inlet 19, a second sensor module 20, an electrically controlled pressure release valve 21, a second small electromagnetic valve 22 and a third outlet 23, wherein the second inlet 12 is arranged on one side of the upper part of the preheating tank 11, the second inlet 12 is connected with the first outlet 10 through a pipeline, the first sensor module 13 and the first small electromagnetic valve 14 are arranged on the other side of the upper part of the preheating tank 11, the second stirrer 17 is arranged in the preheating tank 11, the second outlet 15 is arranged at the bottom of the preheating tank 15, the second outlet 15 is connected with the third inlet 19 on one side of the upper part of the hydrothermal reaction tank 18 through a pipeline, the second sensor module 20, the electromagnetic pressure release valve 21 and the second small electromagnetic valve 22 are arranged on the other side of the upper part of the hydrothermal reaction tank 18, the bottom of the hydrothermal reaction tank 18 is provided with a third discharge hole 23.

The waste heat cascade utilization unit comprises a first shell-and-tube heat exchanger 16, a second shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24, a three-way valve 25 and an air pump 32, wherein the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger 16 is wrapped outside the preheating tank 11, the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24 is wrapped outside the hydrothermal reaction tank 18, the flue gas inlets of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger 16 and the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24 are respectively provided with the three-way valve 25, and the final flue gas outlet of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger 16 is provided with the air pump 32.

As shown in fig. 5, the hydrothermal product collecting unit 26 includes a fourth feeding port 27, a bottomless drawer 28, a plate-shaped filter element 29, a liquid fertilizer storage chamber 30, and a fourth discharging port 31, the fourth feeding port 27 at the top of the hydrothermal product collecting unit 26 is connected to the third discharging port 23 through a pipe, the plate-shaped filter element 29 is fixed at a middle position inside the hydrothermal product collecting unit 26, the bottomless drawer 28 capable of being pulled outwards is disposed close to the lower portion of the plate-shaped filter element 29, and the hydrothermal carbon trapped by the filter element can be scraped by pulling the bottomless drawer 28 outwards. The lower part of the plate-shaped filter element 29 is a liquid fertilizer storage chamber 30, and the lower part of one side of the hydrothermal product collecting unit 26 is provided with a fourth discharge hole 31.

In the design, the first discharge hole 10 is provided with an electromagnetic valve.

Generally, the volume of a dirt intercepting cabin in the feeding unit 1 is 3L, and the volume of a material adjusting crushing cabin is 4L; the middle overflow port 9 is positioned at 1/4 of the height of the material adjusting crushing cabin; the aperture of the sewage intercepting hanging backboard 6 is 5mm, the aperture of the inclined plane filter screen 2 is 3mm, and both the sewage intercepting hanging backboard 6 and the inclined plane filter screen 2 can be detached.

The volumes of the preheating tank 11 and the hydrothermal reaction tank 18 are the same and are both 10L; the second feeding hole 12, the third feeding hole 19 and the third discharging hole 23 are all provided with corresponding electromagnetic valves to realize the sealing of the tank body and the transportation of materials along with a set program; the first small electromagnetic valve 14 and the second small electromagnetic valve 22 are used for communicating the air pressure inside and outside the tank during feeding and discharging, so that smooth feeding and discharging of materials are ensured.

First sensor module 13 and second sensor module 20 are used for the automatic level of hoisting device, let hydrothermal carbonization device agree with the navigation condition simultaneously, and it all includes temperature sensor, baroceptor and level sensor, and wherein, level sensor must detect many liquid level points, reduces the influence that boats and ships slope/jolt and judge the material loading and cause. The first sensor module 13 and the second sensor module 20 are used for judging and recording the working conditions of the hydrothermal carbonization unit, setting a reaction procedure and controlling the waste heat cascade utilization unit to normally supply heat.

As shown in fig. 6, when the device is applied, the ship excrement directly enters the sewage intercepting chamber through the excrement pipeline and the first feed port 3, when the excrement volume of the sewage intercepting chamber exceeds 3L of the excrement volume, urine-containing liquid overflows and is filtered through the sewage intercepting hanging backboard 6 and the inclined plane filter screen 2, the urine-containing liquid flows into the material adjusting and crushing chamber, the middle overflow port 9 of the material adjusting and crushing chamber is opened, and more than 1L of urine-containing liquid overflows; when the sewage intercepting cabin is filled with 3L of solid excrement, the first feed inlet 3 and the middle overflow port 9 are closed, the movable door 7 is pulled open to enable the excrement in the sewage intercepting cabin to fall into the material to adjust the mixing of the crushed cabin and the urine-containing liquid 1L below, and the volume ratio of the solid to the liquid of the excrement is 3:1, opening a first stirrer 8, stirring for 1-2 min to form raw material slurry suitable for hydrothermal carbonization reaction, then discharging the raw material slurry into a preheating tank 11 of a hydrothermal carbonization unit through a first discharge port 10, and allowing the redundant urine-containing liquid flowing out of an overflow port 9 in the middle of a material adjusting crushing cabin to flow into a ship domestic sewage treatment device for treatment.

After the raw material slurry enters a preheating tank 11, heating to 70-85 ℃, further stirring for 1-3 min, discharging from a second discharge port 15, and entering a hydrothermal reaction tank 18 through a third feed port 19, wherein the temperature of the material in the hydrothermal reaction tank is raised to 200 ℃ and is maintained for 30 min; after the reaction, the reaction product is discharged to a hydrothermal product collecting unit 26 through a third discharge port 23.

High-temperature flue gas generated by the ship engine flows in from the lower port of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24 and flows out from the upper port of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24, so that the heating of the tank body of the hydrothermal reaction tank 18 is completed; the heat-exchanged flue gas flowing out of the upper port of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24 flows in from the lower port of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger 16 and flows out from the upper port of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger 16, so that the preheating of the excrement is completed; the first sensor module 13 and the second sensor module 20 respectively detect the temperatures of the preheating tank 11 and the hydrothermal reaction tank 18, and the opening of the three-way valve 25 and the operation of the air pump 32 are controlled to adjust the amount of flue gas flowing through the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger 16 and the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24 according to needs, so that the temperature of the preheating tank and the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction tank are adjusted.

In the above, the air pump 32 creates a pipeline negative pressure environment, and in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the high-temperature flue gas of the engine enters from the lower end and exits from the upper end. The hydrothermal reaction tank and the preheating tank are heated in sequence, and the high-temperature flue gas of the ship engine is utilized in a gradient manner. When the hydrothermal reaction tank needs to be cooled, the three-way valve 25 controls the high-temperature flue gas to maintain the temperature of the preheating tank or directly discharge the high-temperature flue gas to the ship waste heat boiler through the air pump 32.

After hydrothermal carbonization reaction, the calorific value of the obtained hydrothermal carbon is 26.94 MJ/kg; the obtained liquid fertilizer is slightly acidic, the pH value is 6.4, and the average seed germination rates after the liquid fertilizer is diluted by 50 times, 100 times, 200 times and 400 times are 73 percent, 108 percent, 92 percent and 100 percent respectively.

The utility model senses the working state of the tank body through the sensor module, wherein the liquid level sensor recommends to detect a plurality of liquid level points, and the actual storage amount in the tank body can be obtained through an algorithm when a ship inclines and jolts, thereby ensuring the stability and the automation degree of the device. When the small electromagnetic valve is used for feeding and discharging materials, the air pressure inside and outside the tank is communicated, and smooth feeding and discharging of the materials are ensured.

The device has the advantages of small volume, high speed, high efficiency, safety, reliability, high energy utilization rate and the like, realizes the local treatment of excrement from a production area, and reduces the cost of waste liquid storage, transportation and treatment. The prepared high-quality high-calorific-value biochar can be used as high-quality fuel, fertilizer, adsorbent, catalyst and the like. The device can be popularized to various large and medium ships, passenger ships and cargo ships and the like, is in accordance with the concepts of energy conservation and emission reduction and sustainable development, and has wide application prospect.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a quick resource device of dirty excrement that cascade utilization boats and ships waste heat carries out hydrothermal carbonization which characterized in that: comprises a feeding unit (1), a hydrothermal carbonization unit, a waste heat gradient utilization unit and a hydrothermal product collection unit, wherein the feeding unit (1) comprises an inclined plane filter screen (2), a first feeding hole (3), a sewage interception cabin and a material regulation crushing cabin, the sewage interception cabin is a space surrounded by a first clapboard (4), a second clapboard (5), a sewage interception hanging backboard (6) and a movable door (7), the material regulation crushing cabin comprises a first stirrer (8), a middle overflow port (9) and a first discharging hole (10), the first feeding hole (3) is arranged at the top of the feeding unit (1), the sewage interception cabin is arranged at the lower part of the first feeding hole (3), one side of the inclined plane filter screen (2) is hung at the other side of the feeding unit (1) and connected with the sewage interception hanging backboard (6), the other side of the sewage interception hanging backboard (6) is connected with the first clapboard (4), the movable door (7) is arranged below the sewage interception hanging backboard (6), the joint of the inclined plane filter screen (2) and the sewage intercepting hanging backboard (6) is vertically connected with a second clapboard (5), the other side of the second clapboard (5) is connected with a movable door (7), the bottom in the feeding unit (1) is provided with a first stirrer (8), the lower part of the side surface of the feeding unit (1) is provided with a middle overflow port (9), and the bottom of the other side surface of the feeding unit (1) is provided with a first discharge port (10); the hydrothermal carbonization unit comprises a preheating tank (11), a second feeding hole (12), a first sensor module (13), a first small electromagnetic valve (14), a second discharging hole (15), a second stirrer (17), a hydrothermal reaction tank (18), a third feeding hole (19), a second sensor module (20), an electronic control pressure release valve (21), a second small electromagnetic valve (22) and a third discharging hole (23), wherein the second feeding hole (12) is formed in one side of the upper portion of the preheating tank (11), the second feeding hole (12) is connected with the first discharging hole (10) through a pipeline, the first sensor module (13) and the first small electromagnetic valve (14) are arranged on the other side of the upper portion of the preheating tank (11), the second stirrer (17) is arranged in the preheating tank (11), the second discharging hole (15) is formed in the bottom of the preheating tank (11), and the second discharging hole (15) is connected with the third feeding hole (19) in one side of the upper portion of the hydrothermal reaction tank (18) through a pipeline, a second sensor module (20), an electronic control pressure release valve (21) and a small electromagnetic valve II (22) are arranged on the other side of the upper part of the hydrothermal reaction tank (18), and a third discharge hole (23) is formed in the bottom of the hydrothermal reaction tank (18); the waste heat cascade utilization unit comprises a first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (16), a second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (24), a three-way valve (25) and an air pump (32), the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (16) is wrapped outside the preheating tank (11), the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (24) is wrapped outside the hydrothermal reaction tank (18), the flue gas inlets of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (16) and the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (24) are respectively provided with the three-way valve (25), and the final flue gas outlet of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (16) is provided with the air pump (32); hydrothermal product collection unit (26) includes fourth feed inlet (27), no end drawer (28), platelike filter core (29), fertile reservoir of liquid (30) and fourth discharge gate (31), fourth feed inlet (27) at hydrothermal product collection unit (26) top pass through pipe connection third discharge gate (23), platelike filter core (29) are fixed in hydrothermal product collection unit (26) inside intermediate position, hug closely platelike filter core (29) lower part and set up no end drawer (28) that can outside pull, platelike filter core (29) lower part is fertile reservoir of liquid (30), hydrothermal product collection unit (26) one side lower part sets up fourth discharge gate (31).

2. The rapid excrement recycling device for performing hydrothermal carbonization by using the waste heat of the ship in a cascade manner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the first discharge hole (10) is provided with an electromagnetic valve.

3. The rapid excrement recycling device for performing hydrothermal carbonization by using the waste heat of the ship in a cascade manner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the volume ratio of the sewage intercepting cabin to the material adjusting crushing cabin in the feeding unit (1) is 1: 4-4: 4; the middle overflow port (9) is positioned at 1/4-3/4 of the height of the material adjusting crushing cabin; the aperture of the sewage intercepting hanging backboard (6) is 3-5 mm, the aperture of the inclined plane filter screen (2) is 3-5 mm, and both the sewage intercepting hanging backboard (6) and the inclined plane filter screen (2) can be detached.

4. The rapid excrement recycling device for performing hydrothermal carbonization by using the waste heat of the ship in a cascade manner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the volumes of the preheating tank (11) and the hydrothermal reaction tank (18) are the same; the second feeding hole (12), the third feeding hole (19) and the third discharging hole (23) are all provided with corresponding electromagnetic valves to realize the sealing of the tank body and the transportation of materials along with a set program.

5. The rapid excrement recycling device for performing hydrothermal carbonization by using the waste heat of the ship in a cascade manner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the first sensor module (13) and the second sensor module (20) each comprise a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor.

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