CN215847597U - Electric spindle and machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric spindle and a machine tool, wherein the electric spindle comprises a spindle and a motor for driving the spindle to rotate, the spindle comprises a shaft body and a freezing disc coaxially arranged at the front end of the spindle, a cooling flow channel is formed on the spindle, an inlet and an outlet of the cooling flow channel are positioned on the rear end surface of the shaft body and extend from the rear end surface of the shaft body to the front end of the freezing disc, and at least the freezing disc is a non-heat-insulating material; the back end of the main shaft is connected with a slip ring, and a channel on the main shaft is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the cooling flow passage. This scheme is through seting up the cooling runner on the main shaft and connect the sliding ring at the rear end, can be when follow-up use, connect refrigerant supply mechanism through the sliding ring, can cool off the main shaft, can make the freezing dish keep low temperature through the refrigerant simultaneously to the terminal surface forms the connecting layer that freezes in order to connect grinding apparatus or work piece before the freezing dish, or can set up the grinding apparatus that freezes at the freezing dish front end and keep warm to the grinding apparatus that freezes through the freezing dish, the use of the grinding material that freezes of being convenient for, the application is nimble various, and the commonality is good.

Description

Electric spindle and machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of high-precision machining equipment, in particular to an electric spindle and a machine tool.

Background

The electric spindle is a new technology which integrates a machine tool spindle and a spindle motor into a whole and appears in the field of numerical control machines. The electric main shaft consists of a shell-free motor, a main shaft, a bearing, a main shaft unit shell, a driving module, a cooling device and the like. The rotor of the motor is integrated with the main shaft by adopting a press-fit method, and the main shaft is supported by the front bearing and the rear bearing. The stator of the motor is mounted in the housing of the spindle unit via a cooling jacket.

The conventional electric spindle is provided with a cooling heat conduction pipe at the center of the spindle, the condensation end of the heat pipe is provided with a cooling fin, and the cooling fin is cooled by cooling air to achieve the effect of taking away the heat of a spindle part. However, such a cooling structure is poor in cooling effect, and the cooling structure often cools only the main shaft and does not have other effects.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an electric spindle and a machine tool.

The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the spindle comprises a spindle body and a freezing disc coaxially arranged at the front end of the spindle body, a cooling flow channel is formed on the spindle, an inlet and an outlet of the cooling flow channel are positioned on the rear end face of the spindle body and extend to the front end of the freezing disc from the rear end face of the spindle body, and at least the freezing disc is made of non-heat-insulating materials; the rear end of the main shaft is connected with a slip ring, and a channel on the main shaft is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the cooling flow channel.

Preferably, in the electric spindle, an accommodating space is provided on a front end surface of the freezing plate.

Preferably, in the electric spindle, a semiconductor refrigeration sheet is arranged at the front end of the freezing plate, and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet faces outwards.

Preferably, in the electric spindle, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is connected with the freezing plate through a heat conducting adhesive layer or a freezing connecting layer.

Preferably, in the electric spindle, a jig of a non-heat-insulating material is arranged at the front end of the freezing plate, and a groove and/or a hole are formed on the jig.

Preferably, in the electric spindle, the jig is

The disc is coaxial with the main shaft, and a circle of fan-shaped groove is formed in the front end face of the disc;

or the cylinder is coaxial with the main shaft, and a circle of groove for equally dividing the circumference is formed on the circumference surface of the cylinder;

or the hemispherical head is coaxial with the main shaft, and a group of grooves are uniformly distributed on the spherical surface of the hemispherical head;

or a honeycomb object.

The machine tool comprises any electric spindle, the slip ring is connected with a refrigerant supply mechanism, and the refrigerant of the refrigerant supply mechanism can solidify liquid with the solidifying point of 25-50 ℃.

Preferably, the machine tool further comprises an automatic filling device.

The technical scheme of the utility model has the advantages that:

this scheme is through seting up the cooling runner on the main shaft and connect the sliding ring at the rear end, can be when follow-up use, connect refrigerant supply mechanism through the sliding ring, one can directly cool off the main shaft, can make the freezing dish keep low temperature through the refrigerant simultaneously, thereby the terminal surface forms the articulamentum that freezes in order to connect grinding apparatus or work piece before the freezing dish, or can set up the grinding apparatus that freezes at the freezing dish front end and keep warm to the grinding apparatus that freezes through the freezing dish, the use of the abrasive material that freezes of being convenient for, the application is nimble various, and the commonality is good.

The semiconductor refrigerating piece is arranged at the front end of the main shaft, so that the requirement of different refrigerating temperatures can be met at lower temperature, the refrigerating temperature can be flexibly adjusted, and the flexibility of application is better.

The front end face of the freezing plate is provided with the accommodating space, so that the frozen abrasive material can be obtained by directly freezing on the freezing plate according to needs, or the stability of connection with the main shaft can be improved when the frozen connecting layer is formed by freezing.

This scheme is at the fridge front end, the tool adopt multiple different shapes, can combine the grinding material that freezes in order to adapt to different grinding needs, can effectively satisfy the grinding operating mode of various planes, circumference or abnormal surface.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an electric spindle of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electric spindle belt accommodating space according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of an electric spindle of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of an electric spindle of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a disk-shaped jig of the present invention without frozen abrasive material filled therein;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a jig according to the present invention, which is a disk-shaped and is not filled with a frozen abrasive material, and is filled with a frozen abrasive material;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a jig according to the present invention, which is cylindrical and not filled with a frozen abrasive material;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a jig according to the present invention, which is cylindrical and filled with a frozen abrasive material;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a semi-spherical jig of the present invention without the frozen abrasive material filled therein;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a semi-spherical jig filled with a frozen abrasive material according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing that the accommodation space of the jig of the present invention is honeycomb-shaped;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a machine tool of the present invention connecting a grinding tool via an ice connection layer;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a machine tool of the present invention connecting workpieces through an ice joining layer;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a machine tool with an automatic filling device for frozen polishing plate processing according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a machine tool with an automatic filling device for machining a cryo-abrasive wheel according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Objects, advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments. The embodiments are merely exemplary for applying the technical solutions of the present invention, and any technical solution formed by replacing or converting the equivalent thereof falls within the scope of the present invention claimed.

In the description of the schemes, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the embodiment, the operator is used as a reference, and the direction close to the operator is a proximal end, and the direction away from the operator is a distal end.

Example 1

The electric spindle disclosed by the utility model is explained in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1, which includes various known electric spindles having structures, which generally include a spindle, a motor, a spindle housing, bearings, a driving module, and the like, and compared with a conventional electric spindle, the electric spindle disclosed by the utility model has the innovative points that: the main shaft 100 includes a shaft body 140 and a freezing plate 150 coaxially disposed at a front end thereof, the shaft body 140 is a circular shaft, and the freezing plate 150 is a circular disc and has a diameter larger than that of the shaft body 140, but may be smaller than that of the shaft body 140. At least the freezing plate 150 is a non-insulating material.

The main shaft 100 is formed with a cooling flow passage 110, the inlet and outlet ports 111, 112 of the cooling flow passage 110 are located at the rear end face 120 of the shaft body 140 and extend from the rear end face 120 of the shaft body 140 to the front end 130 of the freezing plate, and the cooling flow passage 110 is distributed on the freezing plate 150 so as to cover the front end face of the freezing plate 150 as much as possible and is adjacent to the front end face, for example, the cooling flow passage is distributed in a planar spiral or sausage shape at the freezing plate 150, and the peripheral portion of the cooling flow passage is adjacent to the side face of the freezing plate 150. The rear end of the main shaft 100 is connected to a slip ring 200, and the passages thereof are communicated with the inlet and outlet of the cooling flow passage 110.

In actual use, the cooling plate 150 may be cooled by continuously supplying a cooling medium into the cooling flow passage, so that the freezing plate may hold a frozen abrasive material or a workpiece or a tool (abrasive tool) connected to the freezing plate via a frozen connecting layer.

As shown in fig. 2, the front end surface of the freezing tray 150 is provided with an accommodating space 300, and the accommodating space 300 may be a plurality of grooves, and may store a certain frozen solidification liquid during subsequent use, so that the formed frozen connecting layer is more stably connected with the freezing tray 150. Of course, in other usage manners, the grooves may be filled with polishing materials, which may be known polishing materials, and are not described herein, and the polishing material may be a frozen polishing material 400, such as the material disclosed in application No. 2006100411080.

Example 2

When the refrigerator is used, if the refrigerant is directly adopted for refrigeration, the flexibility of temperature adjustment is poor, and the lowest temperature which can be reached is limited. Therefore, in a more preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the front end of the freezing tray 150 is provided with the semiconductor chilling plate 600, the cold end 610 of the semiconductor chilling plate 600 faces away from the main shaft 100, that is, the cold end 610 of the semiconductor chilling plate 600 faces outward, the specific structure of the semiconductor chilling plate 600 is a known technology, which is not described herein again, and the semiconductor chilling plate can be connected with the main shaft 100 by gluing (a heat conducting glue layer), screwing, or the like, or can be connected with the main shaft 100 by a freezing connecting layer. At this time, the spindle 100 has a wire hole at the center for installing a semiconductor cooling plate, and the fluid slip ring 200 is also used for continuously transmitting power and data signals, which is known in the art and will not be described in detail.

During operation, the cold end of the semiconductor chilling plate 600 freezes the frozen liquid to obtain the frozen connecting layer 3000 or keeps the frozen abrasive material warm to avoid melting, and meanwhile, the hot end of the semiconductor chilling plate 600 can be cooled by supplying a refrigerant into the cooling channel 110, so that a lower cooling temperature can be obtained, and the freezing temperature can be conveniently adjusted through the semiconductor chilling plate 600.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, in order to obtain the frozen abrasive tool on-line, a jig 500 is disposed at the front end of the freezing plate 150, a groove and/or a hole is formed on the jig 500 as an accommodating space 300 for accommodating the frozen abrasive material 400, the jig 500 is made of a non-heat-insulating material, for example, non-metal materials such as paraffin, silica gel, gypsum, scouring pad, porous loose-structure filter cotton/mesh, ceramic or porous ceramic, or soft metal materials such as aluminum, copper or tin, and preferably, the jig 500 may be made of a heat-conductive material, so as to facilitate heat conduction.

The jig 500 may be fixed to the front end of the spindle 100 by a thermal conductive adhesive layer or a screw (not shown), and the shape of the jig 500 may be designed according to different requirements, in a preferred embodiment,

as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the jig 500 is a disc coaxial with the main shaft, the accommodating space 300 is disposed on an end surface 510 of the jig facing away from the main shaft 100, the accommodating space 300 may be a circular groove or a circular ring groove or a plurality of fan-shaped grooves equally dividing the circumference, the frozen abrasive material 400 is disposed in the accommodating space 300, and the finally obtained abrasive tool is a frozen abrasive disc.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the jig 500 is a cylinder coaxial with the main shaft, the circumferential surface 520 of the jig is provided with the accommodating space 300, the accommodating space 300 may be a circular groove or a plurality of arc-shaped grooves equally dividing the circumference, the frozen abrasive material 400 is provided in the accommodating space 300, and the finally obtained abrasive tool is a frozen abrasive wheel.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the jig 500 is a hemispherical head coaxial with the main shaft, the spherical surface 530 of the jig forms the accommodating space 300, the specific shape and distribution of the accommodating space 300 can be designed as required, and the frozen abrasive material 400 is disposed in each accommodating space 300.

As shown in fig. 11, the jig 500 is a honeycomb body, and may be a scouring pad.

Example 4

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the machine tool includes various structures required by a conventional machine tool, and further includes an electric spindle according to any one of the above embodiments, the slip ring is connected to a refrigerant supply mechanism 700, and a refrigerant of the refrigerant supply mechanism can solidify a liquid having a solidifying point of 25 ℃ to-50 ℃. The specific structure of the refrigerant supply mechanism 700 is known in the art and will not be described herein. The coolant supplied by the coolant supply mechanism 700 may be liquid nitrogen, ethylene glycol, or brine ice, or other common cooling media. In fig. 12, the freezing plate 150 is connected to the grinding tool 1000 by a frozen connecting layer 3000, and in fig. 13, the freezing plate 150 is connected to the workpiece 2000 by a frozen connecting layer 3000.

In order to obtain the frozen abrasive tool by online processing, as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the machine tool further includes an automatic filling device 800, the automatic filling device 800 is used for supplying a mixture for forming the frozen abrasive material into the accommodating space 300 on the motorized spindle, and a specific structure thereof is known in the art and will not be described herein. The cooling medium supply mechanism 700 continuously supplies cooling medium to solidify the mixture added into the accommodating space 300 to form the cryomilling material 400, wherein the mixture is obtained by mixing the grinding material, the additive and the liquid capable of being solidified into a solid.

The utility model has various embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent transformation or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. The electric spindle comprises a spindle and a motor for driving the spindle to rotate, and is characterized in that: the main shaft comprises a shaft body and a freezing disc coaxially arranged at the front end of the shaft body, a cooling flow channel is formed on the main shaft, an inlet and an outlet of the cooling flow channel are positioned on the rear end face of the shaft body and extend from the rear end face of the shaft body to the front end of the freezing disc, and at least the freezing disc is a non-heat-insulating material; the rear end of the main shaft is connected with a slip ring, and a channel on the main shaft is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the cooling flow channel.

2. Electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end face of the freezing plate is provided with an accommodating space.

3. Electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end of the freezing plate is provided with a semiconductor refrigerating piece, and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigerating piece faces outwards.

4. Electric spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is connected with the freezing plate through a heat conducting glue layer or a freezing connecting layer.

5. Electric spindle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the front end of the freezing plate is provided with a jig of non-heat-insulating material, and a groove and/or a hole are/is formed on the jig.

6. Electric spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that: the fixture is

The disc is coaxial with the main shaft, and a circle of fan-shaped groove is formed in the front end face of the disc;

or the cylinder is coaxial with the main shaft, and a circle of groove for equally dividing the circumference is formed on the circumference surface of the cylinder;

or the hemispherical head is coaxial with the main shaft, and a group of grooves are uniformly distributed on the spherical surface of the hemispherical head;

or a honeycomb object.

7. Machine tool, its characterized in that: the electric spindle comprises the electric spindle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the slip ring is connected with a refrigerant supply mechanism, and the refrigerant of the refrigerant supply mechanism can solidify liquid with the solidifying point of 25 ℃ to-50 ℃.

8. The machine tool of claim 7, wherein: also comprises an automatic perfusion device.

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