CN215842491U

CN215842491U - Biological deodorization device

Info

Publication number: CN215842491U
Application number: CN202121866169.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 庄玉平; 王贺
Original assignee: Changchun Tianhao Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Changchun Tianhao Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-11
Filing date: 2021-08-11
Publication date: 2022-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biological deodorization device, and relates to the technical field of air purification. The odor is connected to an air inlet distribution chamber in the humidification circulation system through an odor collection pipeline and a deodorization fan, a humidification packing layer arranged between the washing tank body and the tail gas collection chamber adopts pall ring packing, a liquid distributor is arranged above the humidification packing layer, the washing tank body is connected to the plant area reclaimed water through a water supply pipeline, the washing tank body is connected to the liquid distributor through a water supply pipeline and a spray water pump, and the washing tank body is also connected to the biological filter through a humidification water pump; the tail gas collecting chamber is connected to the air inlet of the biological filter through an odor collecting pipeline, the biological filter consists of a filter body, a filter material layer and a filter material bearing plate, the filter material layer is placed in the filter body through the filter material bearing plate, and the filter material layer adopts biochar filler and hydrogen sulfide filler. The utility model has the advantages of simple operation, convenient maintenance, stable and reliable operation, high treatment efficiency, obvious odor removing effect, no secondary pollutant, low operation cost and wide application prospect.

Description

Biological deodorization device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of air purification, in particular to a biological deodorization device.

Background

The air quality has important influence on many fields of social production and social life, and the quality and protection of the atmospheric environment are more and more concerned and valued by people. The pollution of malodorous gas is one of the major problems of atmospheric environmental pollution, and industrial production, municipal sewage, sludge treatment and garbage disposal facilities and the like are the main sources of malodorous gas and corresponding production sources of petrochemical industry, rubber plastics, paint and coating, printing and dyeing leather, livestock breeding, fermentation pharmacy and the like. The malodorous substances are various in types and wide in sources, can cause toxicity to human breath, digestion, cardiovascular, endocrine and nervous systems to different degrees, and aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, styrene and the like can also cause distortion and canceration of human bodies. Therefore, the treatment of malodorous gases has attracted much attention. The development and application of the deodorization technology and system and the implementation of engineering projects can effectively suppress the trend of pollution expansion and spread, improve the air quality and have great social significance.

The existing deodorization process is divided into a biological filtration method, a physical adsorption method, a light microwave method, a plant extract spraying method, a chemical absorption method and an active oxygen ion method. Wherein:

(1) a biological filtration method: the organic components in the waste gas are used as energy sources or other nutrients for life activities of microorganisms, and are converted into simple inorganic substances and cell composition substances through metabolic degradation. The process has the advantages of simple operation, no need of additional nutrients, and effective removal of low-concentration hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and VOC_SThe method has the advantages of good deodorization effect, no secondary pollution, low operation cost, difficult control of reaction conditions, large occupied area, high substrate concentration, easy blockage of filter materials due to fast growth of biomass, influence on mass transfer effect, and no problem of low mass transfer efficiency in odor treatment of sewage treatment plants with low substrate concentration.

(2) Physical adsorption method: can absorb different harmful gases, and has the widest application range. The method has the advantages of obvious effect on the gas with complex waste gas components, high removal rate of malodorous molecules, thorough purification, low energy consumption and mature process. However, the equipment is huge, the flow is complex, and the adsorbent is saturated when the equipment runs, so that the adsorbent needs to be replaced regularly, the running cost is high, the equipment is not economical, and secondary sewage is generated. Adsorbents are prone to failure when there are colloidal particles or other impurities in the exhaust gas.

(3) The optical microwave method comprises the following steps: the electrodeless light source is adopted to purify the molecular chain of the waste gas, different harmful gases can be absorbed, the application range is widest, the effect on the gas with more complex waste gas components is obvious, the removal rate of the malodorous molecules is high, the purification is thorough, and the energy consumption is low. However, the process is mainly applied to industrial waste gas, is less in application in municipal projects, still in the popularization period, has certain risk and is less in application in sewage treatment plants.

(4) Spraying plant extract: the plant extract contains functional groups with high reactivity, and is subjected to extraction, compounding and atomization to form a gas state which is distributed in waste gas, so that great surface energy is formed on the surface of a gas molecule, the surface energy can absorb odor molecules in the waste gas, and the odor molecules have the effects of decomposition, polymerization, substitution, replacement, addition, oxidation reaction and the like, so that the original molecular structure of the odor molecules is promoted to be changed, and the odor molecules are deodorized. The process has the advantages of small occupied area, no secondary pollution, low construction cost, continuous spraying, regular addition of plant extract, common treatment effect, high operation cost and more maintenance.

(5) Chemical absorption method: the absorption process has chemical reaction to change harmful gaseous components into liquid or harmless gas, and different solutions and solvents are selected to absorb different harmful gases, so that the application range is wide. The gas treatment method has obvious effect on the gas with large waste gas flow and simpler components, but has harsh control conditions, secondary pollution caused by the discharge of absorption liquid, need of treatment, need of regular reagent feeding during the operation of equipment, and high investment and operation cost.

(6) Active oxygen ion method: the active oxygen technology is applied, a special pulse discharge mode of high-frequency high-voltage static electricity is utilized, high-density high-energy active oxygen is generated, the high-density high-energy active oxygen rapidly collides with pollutant molecules, organic molecules are activated and are directly destroyed, the process is small in occupied area, free of secondary pollution and low in operation cost, but the active oxygen method mainly aims at the condition of small gas quantity, multiple groups of devices are connected in parallel or in series, the removal rate is low, and the active oxygen method is only suitable for places with small gas quantity.

In conclusion, the biological method is suitable for the treatment of gases with large air quantity and low concentration, the investment and operation cost is low, and the secondary pollution is less, so that the design of the biological deodorization device is especially necessary.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a biological deodorization device which is reasonable in structural design, simple to operate, convenient to maintain, stable and reliable in operation, high in purification efficiency, good in deodorization effect, less in secondary pollution, low in operation cost, strong in practicability and easy to popularize and use.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: the biological deodorization device comprises a humidifying circulation system, a biological filter, a pipeline conveying system and a deodorization fan, the humidifying circulating system comprises a pre-washing tank, a spray water pump and a humidifying water pump, wherein the pre-washing tank consists of an air inlet distribution chamber, a washing tank body, a humidifying filler layer, a tail gas collecting chamber and a liquid distributor, the pipeline conveying system comprises an odor collecting pipeline, a water supply pipeline and a drainage pipeline, the odor is connected to the air inlet distribution chamber through the odor collecting pipeline and the deodorization fan, a humidifying packing layer is arranged between the washing tank body and the tail gas collecting chamber, a plurality of liquid distributors are arranged above the humidifying packing layer, the washing tank body is connected to the plant area reclaimed water through a water supply pipeline, the washing tank body is connected to the liquid distributor through the water supply pipeline and a spray water pump, the washing tank body is also connected to the biological filter through the water supply pipeline and a humidifying water pump, and a discharge port of the washing tank body is connected with a drainage pipeline; the tail gas collecting chamber is connected to an air inlet on the side face of the biological filter through an odor collecting pipeline, the biological filter consists of a filter body, a filter material layer and a filter material bearing plate, the filter material layer is placed in the filter body through the filter material bearing plate, and an exhaust funnel is arranged at the top of the filter body.

Preferably, the humidifying filler layer adopts pall ring filler, the bottom of the humidifying filler layer is provided with a filler support plate, and the filler of the humidifying filler layer is stacked on the filler support plate in a disordered mode.

Preferably, the body of the biological filter adopts an SUS304 stainless steel filter body. The upper portion of cell body still be provided with the maintenance manhole, the side of cell body still is provided with the viewing aperture to whether personnel keep watch on the inside working condition normal and in time change ageing filler.

Preferably, the filter material layer adopts biochar filler and hydrogen sulfide filler.

Preferably, the filter material bearing plate is made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate or a 304 stainless steel filter plate with good permeability, is corrosion-resistant, has enough rigidity and strength, supports the weight of the filter material through the filter material bearing plate, and is provided with an anti-corrosion filter screen.

Preferably, the deodorization fan is a centrifugal fan made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and has excellent corrosion resistance and longer service life. The waste gas from different waste gas sources enters the integrated biological filter by pumping through the deodorization fan through the odor collecting pipeline.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the device has the advantages of reasonable facility layout, simple flow, small occupied area, convenient operation and management, simple maintenance, stable and reliable operation, high purification efficiency, good deodorization effect, less secondary pollution, capability of greatly saving investment and operation cost and wide application prospect.

Drawings

The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the utility model easy to understand, the utility model is further described with the specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: a biological deodorization device comprises a humidification circulation system 1, a biological filter 2, a pipeline conveying system and a deodorization fan 3, wherein the humidification circulation system 1 comprises a pre-washing tank 1-1, a spray water pump 1-2 and a humidification water pump 1-3, the pre-washing tank 1-1 comprises an air inlet distribution chamber 1-4, a washing tank body 1-5, a humidification packing layer 1-6, a tail gas collection chamber 1-7 and a liquid distributor 1-8, the pipeline conveying system comprises an odor collection pipeline 4-1, a water supply pipeline 4-2 and a drainage pipeline 4-3, odor is connected to the air inlet distribution chamber 1-4 through the odor collection pipeline 4-1 and the deodorization fan 3, the humidification 1-6 is arranged between the washing tank body 1-5 and the tail gas collection chamber 1-7, the plurality of liquid distributors 1-8 are arranged above the humidification packing layer 1-6, the washing tank body 1-5 is connected to the reclaimed water in a plant area through a water supply pipeline 4-2, the washing tank body 1-5 is connected to a liquid distributor 1-8 through the water supply pipeline 4-2 and a spray water pump 1-2, the washing tank body 1-5 is also connected to a biological filter tank 2 through the water supply pipeline 4-2 and a humidifying water pump 1-3, and a discharge port of the washing tank body 1-5 is connected with a drainage pipeline 4-3; the tail gas collecting chamber 1-7 is connected to an air inlet on the side surface of the biological filter 2 through an odor collecting pipeline 4-1, the biological filter 2 consists of a filter body 2-1, a filter material layer 2-2 and a filter material bearing plate 2-3, the filter material layer 2-2 is placed in the filter body 2-1 through the filter material bearing plate 2-3, and the top of the filter body 2-1 is provided with an exhaust funnel 2-4.

It is worth noting that the humidifying filler layers 1-6 adopt pall ring fillers, the bottom parts of the humidifying filler layers 1-6 are provided with filler support plates 1-9, and the fillers of the humidifying filler layers 1-6 are stacked on the filler support plates 1-9 in a disordered mode.

It is noted that the tank body 2-1 of the biological filter 2 adopts an SUS304 stainless steel filter body. The upper part of the tank body 2-1 is also provided with an inspection manhole, and the side surface of the tank body 2-1 is also provided with an observation port, so that personnel can conveniently monitor whether the internal working condition is normal and timely replace aged filler. The filter material layer 2-2 adopts biochar filler and hydrogen sulfide filler. The filter material bearing plate 2-3 adopts a glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate or a 304 stainless steel filter plate with good permeability, is corrosion-resistant and has enough rigidity and strength, the weight of the filter material is supported by the filter material bearing plate 2-3, a certain gap is left on the filter material bearing plate 2-3 to ensure that odor uniformly passes through the biological filter system, and the filter material bearing plate 2-3 is provided with an anticorrosive filter screen to ensure that the filter material falls into the gas distribution tank.

In addition, the deodorization fan 3 adopts a centrifugal fan made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, so that the deodorization fan is excellent in corrosion resistance and longer in service life.

The working principle of the specific embodiment is as follows: waste gas from different waste gas sources is pumped through a deodorizing fan 3 through an odor collecting pipeline 4-1, the pumped odor firstly enters an air inlet distribution chamber 1-4, enters a washing tank body 1-5 after being distributed, the odor is fed from the bottom of the tank, a humidifying packing layer 1-6 is used as a mass transfer medium for gas-liquid alternate contact, mass transfer is carried out on the surface of pall ring packing and spray liquid under the condition of continuous and sufficient countercurrent contact, and the spray liquid is sprayed onto the pall ring packing from the top of the tank through a liquid distributor 1-8 by a spray water pump 1-2 and flows down along the surface of the packing. The odor is firstly washed and sprayed with water to remove dust and NH in the odor₃And small amount of H₂S、CH₃SH, ammonia gas and other gases are dissolved in water to form alkaline solution, and H in odor can be removed by circulating spraying₂S, and simultaneously absorbing a small amount of organic odor pollutants. The waste gas humidified by the pre-washing tank 1-1 enters the biological filter 2 through the odor collecting pipeline 4-1, and the odor components are removed through the adsorption, absorption and degradation of the odor substances by the filler microbial cells in the filter material layer 2-2.

The water washing section of the specific embodiment adopts pall ring filling materials, the biological filter materials adopt biological carbon filling materials and hydrogen sulfide filling materials, the filter materials allow microorganisms to grow and are rich in variety, a large inhabitation growth specific surface area is provided for the microorganisms, the nutrient components are reasonable, the water absorption is good, and no peculiar smell is generated; good adsorptivity, uniform structure, large porosity, aging resistance and simple operation and maintenance. Wherein:

(1) and (3) biological carbon filling: strong acid and alkali resistance, the grain diameter of the filter material is 1.5-10mm, the surface area of the filter material is large, and the specific surface area is 590m²/g-1500m²(ii)/g, filling density 500-³Facilitating the attachment of the biological membrane; the void ratio is high, and the wind pressure loss can be reduced; high mechanical strength and high resistance to hydraulic shearing(ii) a The filler does not deteriorate or peel off after the acidic odor-causing compound is contacted, and has a long service life.

(2) Hydrogen sulfide filler: the acid and alkali resistance is strong, the grain size of the filter material is 4mm, the deodorization rate of the hydrogen sulfide is up to more than 95%, the starting speed of a biological deodorization system is increased, and the biological deodorization system is more than two times faster than the traditional biological filler.

The biological filter material is used as a carrier of organic microorganisms, provides a moist ecological environment for the microorganisms, provides an adsorption surface for odor polymers, has a measure and a capability of adjusting a pH value, does not need to add acid and alkali liquor during operation, provides nutrition for biological strains, has a service life of more than ten years, is not easy to harden, does not shrink or expand along with the change of water content, and does not reduce the service life or lose the use function due to the re-implantation of the strains.

According to the specific embodiment, the odor is collected to the biological filter deodorization device through the collection pipeline and the exhaust fan, the odor enters the biological filter after being humidified by the humidifier, and then is removed by the adsorption, absorption and degradation of microorganisms through the filler. The device is simple to operate, convenient to maintain, stable and reliable in operation, high in treatment efficiency, obvious in removal effect and capable of adapting to operation conditions under different conditions and mainly treating the main malodorous gas H₂The removal rate of S is more than 98%, no secondary pollutant is generated, the energy consumption of equipment operation is low, the operation cost is low, and the method has wide market application prospect.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the utility model as claimed. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The biological deodorization device is characterized by comprising a humidification circulation system (1), a biological filter (2), a pipeline conveying system and a deodorization fan (3), wherein the humidification circulation system (1) comprises a pre-washing pool (1-1), a spray water pump (1-2) and a humidification water pump (1-3), the pre-washing pool (1-1) comprises an air inlet distribution chamber (1-4), a washing pool body (1-5), a humidification packing layer (1-6), a tail gas collection chamber (1-7) and a liquid distributor (1-8), the pipeline conveying system comprises an odor collection pipeline (4-1), a water supply pipeline (4-2) and a drainage pipeline (4-3), and odor is connected to the air inlet distribution chamber (1-4) through the odor collection pipeline (4-1) and the deodorization fan (3), a humidifying packing layer (1-6) is arranged between the washing tank body (1-5) and the tail gas collecting chamber (1-7), a plurality of liquid distributors (1-8) are arranged above the humidifying packing layer (1-6), the washing tank body (1-5) is connected to the plant water through a water supply pipeline (4-2), the washing tank body (1-5) is connected to the liquid distributors (1-8) through a water supply pipeline (4-2) and a spray water pump (1-2), the washing tank body (1-5) is also connected to the biological filter tank (2) through the water supply pipeline (4-2) and the humidifying water pump (1-3), and a discharge port of the washing tank body (1-5) is connected with a drainage pipeline (4-3); the tail gas collecting chamber (1-7) is connected to an air inlet on the side face of the biological filter (2) through an odor collecting pipeline (4-1), the biological filter (2) is composed of a filter body (2-1), a filter material layer (2-2) and a filter material bearing plate (2-3), the filter material layer (2-2) is placed in the filter body (2-1) through the filter material bearing plate (2-3), and an exhaust funnel (2-4) is arranged at the top of the filter body (2-1).

2. Biodeodorisation device according to claim 1, wherein the layers (1-6) of humidifying filler are pall ring fillers.

3. The bio-deodorizing device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of said humidification packing layer (1-6) is provided with a packing support plate (1-9), and the packing of the humidification packing layer (1-6) is stacked on the packing support plate (1-9) in a random manner.

4. The biological deodorization device as recited in claim 1, wherein the tank body (2-1) of the biological filter (2) is made of SUS304 stainless steel, the upper part of the tank body (2-1) is further provided with an inspection manhole, and the side surface of the tank body (2-1) is further provided with an observation port.

5. The biological deodorization device according to claim 1, wherein the filter material layer (2-2) is filled with biochar and hydrogen sulfide.

6. The biological deodorization apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said filter material support plate (2-3) is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic grid plate with good permeability.

7. The biological deodorization device according to claim 1, wherein the filter material support plate (2-3) is provided with an antiseptic filter screen.

8. The biological deodorization device according to claim 1, wherein the deodorization fan (3) is a centrifugal fan made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.