CN215816409U - Shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with Beidou free flow terminal - Google Patents
Shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with Beidou free flow terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN215816409U CN215816409U CN202122107579.XU CN202122107579U CN215816409U CN 215816409 U CN215816409 U CN 215816409U CN 202122107579 U CN202122107579 U CN 202122107579U CN 215816409 U CN215816409 U CN 215816409U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model discloses a shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with a Beidou free flow terminal, which comprises a bottom plate and a shark fin-shaped shell, wherein a circuit board which is consistent with the shape of the bottom surface of the shell is arranged on the bottom plate, the circuit board is connected with a car roof through the bottom plate and is grounded, the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated on the circuit board, the Beidou free flow terminal comprises a positioning antenna which is designed by adopting high-precision multipoint feeding lamination, and the positioning antenna is arranged at the rear end of the circuit board. According to the utility model, the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated into the shark fin antenna on the roof, the mounting position of the antenna is not easily limited, and the performance of each antenna can be greatly improved, so that the positioning accuracy and the communication distance of the Beidou free flow terminal are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of automotive electronics, in particular to a shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with a Beidou free flow terminal.
Background
At present, the expressway in China mainly charges by two charging modes, namely a highway semi-automatic lane charging system (MTC) and an Electronic Toll Collection (ETC). In order to accelerate the construction of a new generation of national traffic control network and intelligent expressway, a Beidou-based highway free flow toll collection mode is developing test point test work day before.
The highway free flow toll collection based on the Beidou means that a Beidou satellite navigation system is utilized to position a vehicle, a high-precision positioning technology is combined to draw a running track of the vehicle on a highway, highway mileage rate is calculated through the track, fee collection is carried out through a mobile internet, the passing efficiency is higher, and the toll collection is more accurate.
The structure of big dipper free flow terminal is shown in fig. 4, and big dipper free flow terminal of present mainstream mainly installs on door window or car master console, receives the restriction of mounted position easily to lead to the positioning performance worsen, if door window installation metallic membrane, the signal can be sheltered from.
At present, the mainstream functional shark fin antenna only supports an FM/AM antenna and a single-feed-point high-frequency-band positioning antenna generally, and cannot realize high-precision positioning.
The Beidou free flow terminal of the current mainstream has the following defects and shortcomings:
1. the positioning antenna is not designed with high precision of multipoint feeding, and the phase precision is insufficient;
2. when the positioning antenna is arranged on the window glass, the inclination of the window glass of part of vehicle types is too large, and the performance of the positioning antenna is reduced;
3. if the metal film is adhered to the car window glass, the signal can be completely shielded;
4. limited by the size of a free flow terminal, limited size of a positioning antenna, no large-area reflecting plate, poor gain, slow satellite search and poor signal-to-noise ratio;
5. due to the limitation of the size of a free flow terminal, the size of a Bluetooth antenna is limited, and the gain is poor, so that the receiving distance of a Bluetooth signal is short easily;
6. due to the limitation of the size of a free flow terminal, the size of an LTE communication antenna is limited, and the LTE communication antenna is shielded by a main board and has poor gain, so that the short communication receiving distance and poor signal are easily caused;
7. WiFi hot spots need to be added in part of the free flow terminals, the size of the WiFi antenna is limited due to the limitation of the size of the free flow terminals, the WiFi antenna is shielded by a mainboard, the gain is poor, and the small coverage area of the WiFi hot spots is easily caused;
8. need increase the ETC antenna among the free flow terminal in the part demand, receive the restriction of free flow terminal size, can only use the single unit ETC antenna, receive sheltering from of mainboard, the gain is poor, leads to ETC signal reception distance short easily.
9. In summary, due to the limitation of the size of the free flow terminal and the limitation of the installation angle, the current mainstream free flow terminal has the problems of insufficient positioning accuracy and poor signal caused by poor gain of the bluetooth antenna, the LTE antenna, the WiFi antenna and the ETC antenna.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with a Beidou free flow terminal so as to improve the positioning performance of a highway free flow charging mode.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the utility model provides a shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with a Beidou free flow terminal, which comprises a bottom plate and a shark fin-shaped shell, wherein a circuit board which is consistent with the shape of the bottom surface of the shell is arranged on the bottom plate, the circuit board is connected with a car roof through the bottom plate and is grounded, the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated on the circuit board, the Beidou free flow terminal comprises a positioning antenna which is designed by high-precision multipoint feeding lamination, and the positioning antenna is arranged at the rear end of the circuit board.
Furthermore, the back of the circuit board is provided with a low-noise amplifier circuit and a power distribution network corresponding to the positioning antenna, half of signals of the positioning antenna are provided for the Beidou free flow terminal, and the other half of signals are provided for the vehicle-mounted host for navigation.
Further, still include the bluetooth antenna, the bluetooth antenna adopts high gain PCB antenna, and the slope is located one side of the inside of casing.
Further, still include the ETC antenna, the ETC antenna adopts high-gain ETC array antenna, pastes the rear end inboard of locating the casing.
Further, still include wiFi focus antenna, wiFi focus antenna adopts dual-frenquency high gain wiFi PCB antenna, and the slope is located one side of the inside of casing.
Furthermore, the LTE full-band communication antenna is an umbrella-shaped broadband element antenna, is arranged in the middle of the circuit board and is connected with the Beidou free flow terminal.
Furthermore, the FM/AM antenna is installed at the uppermost end of the inner side of the shell by adopting a built-in spiral coil spring antenna with a sheath.
Furthermore, the antenna also comprises an LTE MIMO antenna, wherein the LTE MIMO antenna adopts two umbrella-shaped broadband element antennas, and the two umbrella-shaped broadband element antennas are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the circuit board.
Furthermore, the car networking antenna is a 5.9G high-gain omnidirectional PCB antenna, and the car networking antenna is obliquely adhered to one side inside the shell.
Further, the novel antenna comprises a first-generation Beidou L frequency band communication antenna, a Beidou S frequency band positioning navigation antenna and a large space satellite S communication frequency band antenna, wherein the three antennas are arranged at the front end of the circuit board in a three-layer stacking mode.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the utility model, after the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated into the shark fin antenna on the roof, the size limitation of the positioning antenna is small, a multi-feed-point design and a completely symmetrical antenna structure can be adopted, the phase center precision reaches millimeter level, the phase center stability is high, and the repeatability is good.
2. According to the utility model, after the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated into the shark fin antenna on the roof, the positioning antenna is horizontally installed, a large-area reflecting surface (car cover) is arranged below the positioning antenna, and no metal is shielded above the positioning antenna, so that the positioning antenna has large gain, the satellite searching speed is high, the number of available satellites is large, and the signal-to-noise ratio is greatly improved.
3. The signal of the positioning antenna is provided to the free flow terminal through half of the power distribution network, and the signal of the positioning antenna is provided to the host for navigation, so that a high-precision navigation signal can be provided to the host.
4. According to the utility model, after the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated to the shark fin antenna on the roof, the Bluetooth antenna is small in size limitation, and a high-gain Bluetooth antenna can be used, so that the Bluetooth signal transmission distance is increased.
5. According to the utility model, after the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated into the shark fin antenna on the roof, the full-band communication antenna adopts the umbrella-shaped broadband array, the gain can reach 6dB because the reflecting surface (roof) is large and no metal is shielded above the reflecting surface, the performance is far better than that of the communication antenna of the Beidou free flow terminal originally installed on a vehicle window, the communication distance is long, and the received signal strength is high.
6. According to the utility model, after the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated to the shark fin antenna on the roof, the WiFi antenna (matching) is small in size limitation, and a high-gain double-frequency WiFi antenna can be used, so that the transmission distance and the signal strength of WiFi signals are improved.
7. According to the utility model, after the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated to the shark fin antenna on the roof, the ETC antenna (matching) size is limited to be small, a high-gain ETC array antenna can be used, and the transmission distance and the signal intensity of ETC signals are improved.
8. According to the utility model, after the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated into the shark fin antenna on the roof, the shark fin antenna can also be integrated with an FM/AM antenna, and an LTE MIMO antenna, an Internet of vehicles antenna, a Beidou I L-band communication antenna, a Beidou S-band positioning navigation antenna and a space-through satellite large S-band communication antenna are integrated according to requirements, so that the full frequency band and full functions of the Beidou free flow terminal, the high-precision positioning compatible mobile communication antenna, the Internet of vehicles and the space-through satellite emergency communication are realized.
9. The shark fin antenna is designed to be located at different positions in the shark fin antenna, and coupling and interference of the shark fin antenna are avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with a Beidou free flow terminal according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic internal structure diagram of a shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with a Beidou free flow terminal according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of a base plate of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a beidou free-flow terminal.
Description of the reference numerals
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict, and the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
If directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with a Beidou free flow terminal of the embodiment of the utility model includes a bottom plate and a shark fin-shaped shell. A shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with a Beidou free flow terminal is mounted on the roof of the vehicle through a shark fin-shaped shell.
The bottom plate is provided with a circuit board which has the same shape with the bottom surface of the shell. The bottom plate is arranged between the circuit board and the vehicle roof and used for fixing the circuit board, and the bottom plate is connected with the vehicle roof and grounded. The circuit board passes through the bottom plate and is connected ground connection with the roof, and the integration has big dipper free flow terminal on the circuit board. The circuit board is arranged between the antenna shell and the bottom plate, is fixed by the bottom plate and is connected with the roof through the bottom plate to be grounded, the shapes of the bottom surfaces of the circuit board and the shark fin shell are consistent, the front end of the circuit board is narrow, the rear end of the circuit board is wide, and a communication and conduction integrated module of a Beidou free flow terminal is designed on the circuit board. The structure of the Beidou free flow terminal is shown in fig. 4, and the Beidou free flow terminal comprises a positioning antenna adopting a high-precision multipoint feed laminated design, and the positioning antenna is arranged at the rear end (namely the wider end) of the circuit board. The positioning antenna can be designed by adopting a ceramic antenna or a high-frequency plate with high dielectric constant, and can support full-frequency-band positioning by increasing the thickness of the high-frequency plate. According to the utility model, after the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated into the shark fin antenna on the roof, the positioning antenna can be horizontally installed, and the large-area reflecting surface (roof) is arranged below the positioning antenna, so that the positioning antenna has the advantages of large gain, quick satellite search, large number of available satellites and greatly improved signal-to-noise ratio.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the Beidou free flow terminal is integrated into the shark fin antenna on the roof, the mounting position of the antenna is not easy to limit, the performance of each antenna can be greatly improved, so that the positioning precision and the communication distance of the Beidou free flow terminal are improved, and the signal of the high-precision positioning antenna can be provided for the vehicle-mounted host through the power distribution network on the circuit board of the shark fin antenna.
The positioning antenna of the embodiment of the utility model consists of two laminated antennas, wherein the laminated antenna on the positioning antenna corresponds to a high-frequency section of the positioning antenna: BDS (B1L \ B1C) & GPS (L1) & QZSS (L1) frequency band, the lower frequency band of the corresponding positioning antenna of the following laminated antenna: BDS (B2 a \ B1C) & GPS (L5) & QZSS (L5) frequency range, the upper and lower two layers of antennas can adopt the design of symmetrical two feed points, also can adopt the design of four feed points, the design of multi feed points can reduce the error of phase center, realize the high-precision positioning.
The dual-feed-point antenna is designed, the two feed points are respectively fed with phases of 0 degree and 90 degrees to realize right-hand circular polarization, and the positioning antenna designed by the two feed points is adopted to realize decimetric positioning in the Beidou free flow scheme;
four feed point antenna designs, and four feed points feed in 0 degree, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees phase place respectively and realize the dextrorotation circular polarization, adopt the location antenna of four feed point designs, can realize centimeter level location in big dipper free flow scheme.
As an implementation mode, the back of the circuit board is provided with a low-noise amplifier circuit and a power distribution network corresponding to the positioning antenna, half of signals of the positioning antenna are provided for the Beidou free flow terminal, and the other half of signals are provided for the vehicle-mounted host for navigation.
As an implementation mode, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal further comprises a Bluetooth antenna, and a Bluetooth module is integrated on the circuit board. The Bluetooth antenna adopts a high-gain PCB antenna and is obliquely arranged on one side in the shell. The Bluetooth antenna can be a high-gain PCB antenna with self-adhesive, is obliquely stuck on one side (the length in the vertical direction is as long as possible) inside the shark fin-shaped shell, and is connected with an IPEX antenna base of a corresponding Bluetooth module on a circuit board by using an IPEX cable. The Bluetooth antenna adopting the scheme of the embodiment of the utility model has large radiation aperture, gain of 6dB and performance far superior to an onboard Bluetooth antenna of a Beidou free flow terminal originally installed on a vehicle window.
As an implementation mode, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal further comprises an ETC antenna, and an ETC module is integrated on the circuit board. The ETC antenna adopts a high-gain ETC array antenna and is attached to the inner side of the rear end of the shell. The ETC antenna can use a high-gain ETC array antenna with gum, is pasted on the inner side of the rear end of the shark fin-shaped shell, and is connected with an IPEX antenna base of the corresponding ETC module on the circuit board through an IPEX cable. The ETC array antenna adopting the scheme of the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of large radiation aperture, gain up to 12dB and radiation performance far superior to that of an onboard unit ETC antenna of a Beidou free flow terminal originally installed on a vehicle window. ETC antennas typically employ a 2 x 2 array, mounted at the rear end within the shark fin antenna housing.
As an implementation mode, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal further comprises a WiFi hot spot antenna, and a WiFi module is integrated on the circuit board. The WiFi hotspot antenna adopts a dual-frequency high-gain WiFi PCB antenna which is obliquely arranged on one side in the shell. The WiFi hotspot antenna can be a dual-frequency high-gain WiFi PCB antenna with self-adhesive, is obliquely adhered to one side (the length in the vertical direction is as long as possible) in the shark fin-shaped shell, and is connected with an IPEX antenna base of a corresponding WiFi module on a circuit board by using an IPEX cable. The WiFi antenna adopting the scheme of the embodiment of the utility model has large radiation caliber, the gain can reach 6dB, and the radiation performance is far better than that of the onboard WiFi antenna of the Beidou free flow terminal originally installed on the car window.
As an implementation mode, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal further comprises an LTE full-band communication antenna, the LTE full-band communication antenna adopts an umbrella-shaped broadband oscillator antenna, is installed in the middle of a circuit board and is connected with the Beidou free flow terminal, and by adopting the structure, high gain can be achieved, and the communication signal strength is increased. The LTE full-band communication antenna can be an umbrella-shaped broadband element antenna, is arranged in the middle of the circuit board and is connected with the LTE radio frequency module of free flow through 50 ohm wires on the circuit board. The communication antenna adopting the scheme of the embodiment of the utility model has a large reflecting surface (vehicle roof), is not shielded by the main plate, has the gain of 6dB and has the performance far superior to that of the original communication antenna of the Beidou free flow terminal installed on the vehicle window.
As an implementation mode, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal further comprises an FM/AM antenna, the FM/AM antenna adopts a built-in spiral coil spring antenna with a sheath and is installed at the uppermost end of the inner side of the shell, and the structure is adopted, so that interference between the FM/AM antenna and the Beidou free flow terminal is avoided. The FM/AM antenna can be a built-in spiral coil spring antenna with a sheath, the diameter of the built-in spiral coil spring antenna is 6mm, the length of the built-in spiral coil spring antenna is 100mm, the built-in spiral coil spring antenna is installed on the uppermost end of the inner side of a shark fin-shaped shell and is fixed by silica gel.
As an implementation mode, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal further comprises an LTE MIMO antenna, the LTE MIMO antenna adopts two umbrella-shaped broadband element antennas, and the two umbrella-shaped broadband element antennas are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the circuit board, so that the LTE MIMO antenna and the Beidou free flow terminal are free of interference. The LTE MIMO antenna uses two umbrella-shaped broadband element antennas, and the MIMO function can be realized when the distance is more than 8 cm.
As an implementation mode, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal further comprises a vehicle networking antenna, the vehicle networking antenna adopts a 5.9G high-gain omnidirectional PCB antenna, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna is obliquely stuck to one side inside the shell, and the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna can be stuck to the front end of the shark fin shell. The car networking antenna can use from the 5.9G high gain qxcomm technology PCB antenna of taking the gum, and the one side (vertical direction length is as long as possible) of pasting in the inside of shark fin-shaped casing of slope can increase car networking antenna's perpendicular face bore, improves the gain, increases car networking signal's coverage.
As an implementation mode, the shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal further comprises a Beidou I L-band communication antenna, a Beidou S-band positioning navigation antenna and a large-S communication band antenna of an aerospace satellite, and the three antennas are arranged at the front end (narrow end) of the circuit board in a three-layer stacking mode. The low noise amplifier and the L-band amplifier corresponding to each antenna are arranged on the back of the circuit board.
The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal is designed to be located at different positions, and coupling and interference among the antennas are avoided.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an integrated big dipper free flow terminal's shark fin vehicle antenna, includes bottom plate and shark fin-shaped casing, its characterized in that is equipped with the circuit board unanimous with casing bottom surface shape on the bottom plate, and the circuit board passes through the bottom plate and is connected ground connection with the roof, and the integration has big dipper free flow terminal on the circuit board, and big dipper free flow terminal is including adopting the location antenna of the range upon range of design of high accuracy multiple feed, and the rear end at the circuit board is established to the location antenna.
2. The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrating the Beidou free flow terminal as claimed in claim 1, wherein a low-noise amplifier circuit and a power division network corresponding to the positioning antenna are arranged on the back of the circuit board, and half of signals of the positioning antenna are provided for the Beidou free flow terminal, and the other half of signals are provided for a vehicle-mounted host for navigation.
3. The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrating the Beidou free flow terminal of claim 1, further comprising a Bluetooth antenna, wherein the Bluetooth antenna is a high-gain PCB antenna and is obliquely arranged on one side of the inside of the shell.
4. The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrating the Beidou free flow terminal of claim 1, further comprising an ETC antenna, wherein the ETC antenna adopts a high-gain ETC array antenna and is attached to the inner side of the rear end of the shell.
5. The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrating the Beidou free flow terminal of claim 1, further comprising a WiFi hot spot antenna, wherein the WiFi hot spot antenna is a dual-frequency high-gain WiFi PCB antenna and is obliquely arranged on one side of the interior of the shell.
6. The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrating the Beidou free flow terminal as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an LTE full-band communication antenna, wherein the LTE full-band communication antenna adopts an umbrella-shaped broadband dipole antenna, is installed in the middle of a circuit board, and is connected with the Beidou free flow terminal.
7. The shark fin vehicular antenna integrated with Beidou free flow terminal of claim 1, further comprising an FM/AM antenna, wherein the FM/AM antenna is a sheathed built-in helical coil spring antenna and is mounted at the uppermost end inside the shell.
8. The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrating the Beidou free flow terminal of claim 1, further comprising an LTE MIMO antenna, wherein the LTE MIMO antenna adopts two umbrella-shaped broadband element antennas, and the two umbrella-shaped broadband element antennas are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the circuit board.
9. The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with the Beidou free flow terminal of claim 1, further comprising a vehicle networking antenna, wherein the vehicle networking antenna is a 5.9G high-gain omnidirectional PCB antenna and is obliquely adhered to one side inside the shell.
10. The shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrating the Beidou free flow terminal of claim 1, further comprising a Beidou I L-band communication antenna, a Beidou S-band positioning navigation antenna and an aerospace satellite large S communication band antenna, wherein the three antennas are mounted at the front end of the circuit board in a three-layer stacking mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122107579.XU CN215816409U (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with Beidou free flow terminal |
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| CN202122107579.XU CN215816409U (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with Beidou free flow terminal |
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| CN215816409U true CN215816409U (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113659327A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-16 | 北京北斗华大科技有限公司 | Shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with Beidou free flow terminal |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113659327A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-16 | 北京北斗华大科技有限公司 | Shark fin vehicle-mounted antenna integrated with Beidou free flow terminal |
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