CN215815787U - Radial periodic focusing ion migration tube - Google Patents
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Abstract
The utility model provides an ion migration tube with a radial periodic focusing function, which is used for carrying out constraint shaping on radial divergence of ion clusters in a low-pressure IMS. By arranging the spaced equal-division piezoelectric electrode assemblies in the IMS migration region, the nonuniform direct-current electric field which periodically changes along the axial direction is arranged in the radial edge region close to the migration region, and the uniformity of the migration electric field is kept in the region near the axis of the migration region. Wherein the radial diameter of the uniform migration electric field in the area near the axis of the migration zone is larger than or equal to the diameter of an ion receiving electrode (Faraday disk). Therefore, the resolution capability of the IMS can be ensured not to be influenced while high ion transmission efficiency is obtained. The design structure is simple, and the universality is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ion migration tube as a core component of an ion mobility spectrometer, in particular to an ion migration tube capable of periodically focusing and shaping radial divergence of ion clusters transmitted along the axial direction of the ion migration tube.
Background
Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) in-situ detection targets are usually in trace amounts and are accompanied by interference from high humidity, complex chemical backgrounds, and the like. After a sample is directly injected, on one hand, complex ion chemical processes such as ion-water molecule clustering, chemical competitive ionization and the like can be generated in an ion source, so that the detection sensitivity of a target object is reduced; on the other hand, the highly water-clustered product ions can be dynamically dissociated in the IMS migration region, which causes the fluctuation of the ion mobility K and influences the accurate identification of the IMS. The air pressure in an ionization region or an ion-molecule reaction region is reduced to the range of kilopascals, so that the ionization interference of ion-water molecule clustering, chemical competitive ionization and the like on trace target objects can be effectively solved. Zimmermann et al (anal. chem.2014,86:11841) realize direct sample injection quantitative detection of trace benzene, toluene, acetone and the like in high-humidity mixed gas by reducing the IMS working pressure to the kilopascal range.
The intensity of the IMS response signal is proportional to the ion number density n of the IMS ion packet. According to the Nernst-Einstein equation, a decrease in gas pressure P also causes a sharp broadening of the radial size of the ion packet (σ)radial＝(2kBTL/qNε)1/2N represents the molecular number density corresponding to the gas pressure P, and ∈ ═ E/N represents the intensified mobility electric field), which causes the ion number density N to decrease, and more ions will be annihilated on the conductive electrode in the mobility region during the axial transport process, thus decreasing the IMS detection sensitivity. Therefore, the control and correction of the radial diffusion broadening of the ion packet in the migration region are the key to improve the sensitivity of the low-pressure (0.1-50 kPa) IMS.
Applying radio frequency voltage is an important means for achieving efficient ion transport in mass spectrometry and low-pressure IMS. However, the range of pressure for the rf voltage-confined ion radial diffusion is usually-4000 Pa or less, and the amplitude and frequency of the rf voltage required are increased as the pressure is increased. The high frequency and high amplitude radio frequency voltage easily causes the increase of the effective temperature of ions, causes ion dissociation or de-clustering, and causes the fluctuation of the ion mobility K.
Non-uniform dc electric fields are often used at the end of atmospheric pressure IMS mobility to radially compress and focus ion packets in the mobility region, improving IMS detection sensitivity (anal. chem.,2018,90: 4514; CN 102954995). However, due to the existence of intense ion-molecule collisions under atmospheric pressure, an effective ion radial bunching electric field can be formed only by maintaining multiplication change potential differences between electrode rings distributed at equal intervals in the IMS migration region, which causes serious non-uniformity of the ion migration electric field in the axial region of the migration region, resulting in a reduction in the IMS resolving power by 20. Under low air pressure, the ion-molecule collision frequency is reduced, the non-uniform direct current electric field can more efficiently modulate the ion motion track, for example, an electrostatic lens in the mass spectrum realizes the ion beam deflection and radial shaping, namely, the ion beam deflection and radial shaping are based on the rule. Zare et al (J.Am.Soc.Mass Spec.2007,18:1901) use the non-uniform electric field induced by the weak potential difference between two groups of filament electrodes of BNG ion gate to separate the high translation energy ions by deflection. Russell et al (J.Am.Soc.Mass. Spec.2010,296:36) have found that, when studying a low-pressure ion transmission device, a non-uniform electrostatic field periodically varying along the axial direction can pull ions approaching the radial outer edge of the ring electrode back to the ion transmission axis, so as to realize high-efficiency ion transmission. Based on this, Russell et al (anal. chem.2013,85:9543) further developed an ion funnel device based on a periodically varying non-uniform electrostatic field, which can achieve ion transmission efficiency of over 90% in the kpa pressure range.
The utility model discloses an ion migration tube with a radial periodic focusing function, which restrains radial divergence of ion clusters in a low-pressure IMS. By arranging the spaced equal-division piezoelectric electrode assemblies in the IMS migration region, the nonuniform direct-current electric field which periodically changes along the axial direction is arranged in the radial edge region close to the migration region, and the uniformity of the migration electric field is kept in the region near the axis of the migration region. Wherein the radial diameter of the uniform migration electric field in the area near the axis of the migration zone is larger than or equal to the diameter of an ion receiving electrode (Faraday disk). Therefore, the resolution capability of the IMS can be ensured not to be influenced while high ion transmission efficiency is obtained. The design structure is simple, and the universality is strong.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide an ion migration tube with a radial periodic focusing function, which restrains radial divergence of ion clusters in a low-pressure IMS. By arranging the spaced equal-division piezoelectric electrode assemblies in the IMS migration region, the nonuniform direct-current electric field which periodically changes along the axial direction is arranged in the radial edge region close to the migration region, and the uniformity of the migration electric field is kept in the region near the axis of the migration region. Wherein the radial diameter of the uniform migration electric field in the area near the axis of the migration zone is larger than or equal to the diameter of an ion receiving electrode (Faraday disk). Therefore, the resolution capability of the IMS can be ensured not to be influenced while high ion transmission efficiency is obtained. The design structure is simple, and the universality is strong.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
a radial period focusing ion mobility tube comprises a voltage dividing resistor chain (8);
the ion migration tube is a hollow cylindrical cavity formed by sequentially, alternately and coaxially overlapping N annular electrodes and N-1 annular insulators, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 8; an ion source and a disk-shaped ion receiving electrode are respectively arranged at two ends of the cavity, namely, one end is provided with the ion source, and the other end is provided with the disk-shaped ion receiving electrode; an ion gate is arranged between the ion source and the ion receiving electrode in the cavity to divide the interior of the cavity into two regions, wherein an ionization region is formed between the ion source and the ion gate, and a migration region is formed between the ion gate and the ion receiving electrode;
the inner diameters of the N annular electrodes are the same as the inner diameters of the N-1 annular insulators, and the axial lengths of the N annular electrodes are the same as the axial lengths of the N-1 annular insulators; the inner diameter of the N annular electrodes is 3-5 times of the axial length of the N annular electrodes; the inner diameter of the N annular electrodes is 2-4 times of the diameter of the ion receiving electrode;
the voltage dividing resistor chain is formed by sequentially and alternately connecting M first voltage dividing resistors and L second voltage dividing resistors in series, and two ends of the voltage dividing resistor chain and connection points between adjacent resistors are electric connection points; m and L are respectively positive integers, M is L or M is L +1, and the sum of the number of the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor is equal to N-1; the M first divider resistors have the same resistance value of 0.5-10 megaohms, and the L second divider resistors have the same resistance value of 0.1-5 megaohms; the resistance value of the first divider resistor is 2-5 times that of the second divider resistor;
the annular electrode of the ion migration tube is electrically connected with the electrical connection points of the divider resistor chain in sequence in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the voltage dividing resistor chain close to one end of the ion source is a first voltage dividing resistor and is connected with a high-voltage output terminal of the direct-current high-voltage power supply, and one end of the voltage dividing resistor chain close to the ion receiving electrode is connected with a ground voltage output terminal of the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the ground; forming N-1 voltage difference values between adjacent annular electrodes in the ion transfer tube;
under the positive ion detection mode, a high-voltage output terminal of the direct-current high-voltage power supply outputs a positive high voltage of 100-10000V; under the negative ion detection mode, a high-voltage output terminal of the direct-current high-voltage power supply outputs negative high voltage of-100 to-10000 volts.
When the ion migration tube works, ions in the ionization region enter the migration region through the ion gate opened by the pulse to form ion clusters; in the process of the axial migration of the ion cluster along the migration area, radial periodic focusing shaping can be generated under the action of a direct current electric field in the migration area, so that ions in the ion cluster are converged towards the axis of the ion migration tube, and therefore efficient ion transmission is achieved, and the resolution capability of the IMS is not affected.
The radial cross sections of the annular electrode and the annular insulator are both circular.
The inner diameter of the N annular electrodes is 3.6 times of the axial length thereof; the inner diameter of the N annular electrodes is 3 times of the diameter of the ion receiving electrode;
the resistance value of the first divider resistor is 2 times that of the second divider resistor.
Along the direction from the ion source to the ion receiving electrode, the voltage difference values between the odd-numbered adjacent ring electrodes are kept the same and are all U1, the voltage difference values of the even-numbered adjacent ring electrodes are kept the same and are all U2, the absolute value of U1 is larger than that of U2, and a direct current electric field with the function of radial periodic focusing of ion clusters along the direction from the ion source to the ion receiving electrode is formed in the ion migration tube.
In the radial edge area inside the ion migration tube, along the direction from the ion source to the ion receiving electrode, the radial component and the axial component of the direct current electric field are in wave-shaped periodic variation, and ions in the area periodically converge towards the axis of the ion migration tube; in a cylindrical area inside the ion migration tube by taking the axis of the ion migration tube as a reference axis, along the direction from the ion source to the ion receiving electrode, the radial component of the direct current electric field is zero, and the axial component is kept constant, namely the uniform direct current electric field; the diameter of the cylindrical area taking the axis of the ion mobility tube as a reference shaft is larger than that of the ion receiving electrode, so that the resolution capability of the ion mobility tube is not influenced;
the utility model has the advantages that:
the ion migration tube with the radial periodic focusing function disclosed by the utility model can restrain the radial divergence of ion clusters in a low-pressure IMS, and ensures that the resolution capability of the IMS is not influenced while high ion transmission efficiency is obtained. The migration tube is simple in design and strong in universality. The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a radial periodic focusing ion mobility tube according to the present disclosure. Wherein: 1. an ultraviolet light ion source; 2. an ionization region; 3. an ion gate; 4. a migration zone; 5. an ion receiving electrode; 6. a ring-shaped electrode; 7. a ring-shaped insulator; 8. a voltage dividing resistor chain; 8-1, a first divider resistor; 8-2, a second divider resistor; 9. a high voltage output terminal of the high voltage power supply; 10. a float gas inlet; 11. a sample gas inlet; 12. a tail gas outlet; 13. and (4) shielding the grid mesh.
FIG. 2 is a radial component distribution characteristic of a DC electric field in a migration region of a radial periodic focusing ion migration tube along the axial direction of the ion migration tube. Wherein, the curves indicated by 7.5mm, 8.0mm, 8.5mm, 9.0mm, 9.5mm, 10.0mm, 10.5mm and 11.0mm respectively represent the distribution characteristics of the radial component of the direct current electric field at the corresponding radial radius in the migration region (the axis of the ion migration tube is defined as the zero point of the radial radius, the position of the ion source is defined as the zero point of the axial radius, and the position of the ion gate is defined as 30mm of the axial direction).
FIG. 3 is a distribution characteristic of the axial component of the DC electric field in the migration region of the radial periodic focusing ion migration tube along the axial direction of the ion migration tube. Wherein, the curves indicated by 7.5mm, 8.0mm, 8.5mm, 9.0mm, 9.5mm, 10.0mm, 10.5mm and 11.0mm respectively represent the distribution characteristics of the axial components of the direct current electric field at the corresponding radial radius in the migration region (the axis of the ion migration tube is defined as the zero point of the radial radius, the position of the ion source is defined as the zero point of the axial radius, and the position of the ion gate is defined as 30mm of the axial direction).
FIG. 4 shows the ion movement locus in the migration area of the ion migration tube with working pressure of 50kPa when the ion migration tube uses a resistance chain formed by alternately connecting 2M omega and 1M omega resistors end to end for voltage division. Wherein: 3. an ion gate; 4. a migration zone; 13. and (4) shielding the grid mesh.
FIG. 5 shows the ion movement locus in the migration area of the ion migration tube with working pressure of 50kPa when the ion migration tube uses a resistor chain formed by connecting 1M omega resistors end to divide the voltage. Wherein: 3. an ion gate; 4. a migration zone; 13. and (4) shielding the grid mesh.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The radial periodic focusing ion mobility tube disclosed by the utility model is shown in figure 1. The ion source 1 of the ion migration tube is a VUV photoionization source of 10.6 eV; the ion gate 3 is a Bradbury-Nielsen type ion gate, the ion gate is woven by metal wires with the diameter of 0.1mm, the distance between the metal wires is 1mm, and the metal wires are divided into two groups which are respectively connected with two pulse high-voltage power supplies; the ion receiving electrode 5 is a 6mm diameter faraday disk fixed on a 30mm outer diameter metal shielding cylinder. The ionization region 2 and the migration region 4 are respectively formed by alternately superposing an annular conductive pole piece 6 with the axial length of 5mm, the inner diameter of 18mm and the outer diameter of 30mm and an annular insulating pole piece 7 with the axial length of 5mm, the inner diameter of 18mm and the outer diameter of 30mm, the length of the ionization region 2 is 30mm, and the length of the migration region 4 is 75 mm; the voltage dividing resistor chain 8 is formed by alternately connecting a first voltage dividing resistor 8-1 of 2M omega and a second voltage dividing resistor 8-2 of 1M omega in series, and the ion source 1, the annular electrode 6 and the ion receiving electrode 5 are respectively connected with the voltage dividing resistor chain 8; one end of the voltage division resistor chain 8 close to the ion source 1 is connected with a high-voltage output terminal 9 of the direct-current high-voltage power supply, and one end of the voltage division resistor chain 8 close to the ion receiving electrode 5 is connected with a low-level output terminal of the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the ground; the voltage output by the high voltage output terminal 9 of the dc high voltage power supply is 5900V.
The temperature of the ion migration tube is 100 ℃, the internal air pressure is 50kPa, the floating gas is 500mL/min purified air, the purified air enters the ion migration tube through a floating gas inlet 10, the sample gas is acetone headspace vapor carried by the purified air, the flow rate is 100mL/min, the sample gas enters an ionization area 2 of the ion migration tube through a sample gas inlet 11, and the floating gas and the sample gas finally flow out of the ion migration tube through a tail gas outlet 12.
Fig. 2 and 3 respectively show the distribution characteristics of the radial component and the axial component of the direct current electric field in the migration region of the ion migration tube along the axial direction of the ion migration tube under the above working conditions; wherein, the curves indicated by 7.5mm, 8.0mm, 8.5mm, 9.0mm, 9.5mm, 10.0mm, 10.5mm and 11.0mm respectively represent the distribution characteristics of the direct current electric field at different radial radiuses in the migration zone (the axis of the ion migration tube is defined as the radial radius zero point, the position of the ion source is defined as the axial zero point, and the position of the ion gate is defined as the axial 30 mm).
Obviously, in the region with the radial radius smaller than 7.5mm in the migration region, the radial component of the direct current electric field is 0V/mm, and the axial electric field is a constant value of 55V/mm, which indicates that the region is a uniform electric field region, and the electric field distribution characteristics can ensure that the resolution capability of the ion mobility spectrometry is not affected; in the region with the inner diameter of the migration region larger than 7.5mm, the radial component of the direct current electric field shows periodic variation between-11 and +11V/mm, and the axial component of the direct current electric field shows periodic variation between 55 and 92.25V/mm, which indicates that the region is a periodic non-uniform electric field region, and the electric field distribution characteristic can carry out periodic shaping focusing on the radial diffusion of ion clusters in the migration region. As the ions travel within the mobility region, their ion travel paths are as shown in fig. 4, and as the ions migrate, the radial dimension of the ion beam current remains substantially constant.
Comparative example 1
In order to compare the effect of the radial periodic focusing ion migration tube disclosed by the utility model, the transmission path of ions in a migration region is also tested when a voltage dividing resistor chain is formed by connecting equivalent resistors of 1M omega in series end to end (other working conditions are kept unchanged) in the experimental process. As shown in fig. 5, as the ions migrate, the radial size of the ion beam stream becomes larger and a portion of the ions begin to migrate toward the ring electrode of the migration zone and annihilate.
Comparative example 2
In order to compare the effects of the radial periodic focusing ion migration tube disclosed by the utility model, the experiment process also tests the transmission path of ions in the migration region when the axial length of the annular conductive pole piece 6 is 5mm, the axial length of the annular insulating pole piece 7 is 10mm, and the voltage dividing resistor chain 8 is formed by alternately connecting the first voltage dividing resistor 8-1 of 2M omega and the second voltage dividing resistor 8-2 of 1M omega end to end (other working conditions are kept unchanged). As shown in fig. 5, as the ions migrate, the radial size of the ion beam stream becomes larger and larger, and a portion of the ions begin to migrate toward the ring electrode of the migration zone and annihilate.
Claims (6)
1. A radial periodically focused ion mobility tube comprising a chain of voltage dividing resistors (8), characterized in that:
the ion migration tube is a hollow cylindrical cavity formed by sequentially, alternately and coaxially overlapping N annular electrodes (6) and N-1 annular insulators (7), wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 8; an ion source (1) and a disk-shaped ion receiving electrode (5) are respectively arranged at two ends of the cavity, namely, the ion source (1) is arranged at one end, and the disk-shaped ion receiving electrode (5) is arranged at the other end; an ion gate (3) is arranged between an ion source (1) and an ion receiving electrode (5) in the cavity to divide the cavity into two regions, wherein an ionization region (2) is formed between the ion source (1) and the ion gate (3), and a migration region (4) is formed between the ion gate (3) and the ion receiving electrode (5);
the inner diameters of the N annular electrodes (6) are the same as the inner diameters of the N-1 annular insulators (7), and the axial lengths of the N annular electrodes (6) are the same as the axial lengths of the N-1 annular insulators (7); the inner diameter of the N annular electrodes (6) is 3-5 times of the axial length thereof; the inner diameter of the N annular electrodes (6) is 2-4 times of the diameter of the ion receiving electrode (5);
the voltage dividing resistor chain (8) is formed by sequentially and alternately connecting M first voltage dividing resistors (8-1) and L second voltage dividing resistors (8-2) in series, and two ends of the voltage dividing resistor chain (8) and connection points between adjacent resistors are electric connection points; m and L are respectively positive integers, M = L or M = L +1, and the sum of the number of the first voltage-dividing resistor (8-1) and the second voltage-dividing resistor (8-2) is equal to N-1; m first divider resistors (8-1) have the same resistance value of 0.5-10 megaohms, and L second divider resistors (8-2) have the same resistance value of 0.1-5 megaohms; the resistance value of the first divider resistor (8-1) is 2-5 times that of the second divider resistor (8-2);
the annular electrodes (6) of the ion migration tubes are electrically connected with the electrical connection points of the divider resistor chain (8) in sequence in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the voltage division resistor chain (8) close to one end of the ion source (1) is a first voltage division resistor (8-1) and is connected with a high-voltage output terminal (9) of the direct-current high-voltage power supply, and one end, close to the ion receiving electrode (5), of the voltage division resistor chain (8) is connected with a ground voltage output terminal of the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the ground; n-1 voltage differences are formed between adjacent annular electrodes (6) in the ion transfer tube;
under the positive ion detection mode, a high-voltage output terminal (9) of the direct-current high-voltage power supply outputs a positive high voltage of 100-10000V; under the negative ion detection mode, a high-voltage output terminal (9) of the direct-current high-voltage power supply outputs negative high voltage of-100 to-10000 volts.
2. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein: when the ion migration tube works, ions in the ionization region (2) enter the migration region (4) through the ion gate (3) opened by pulse to form ion clusters; in the process of the axial migration of the ion cluster along the migration zone, radial periodic focusing shaping can be generated under the action of a direct current electric field in the migration zone (4), so that ions in the ion cluster are converged towards the axis of the ion migration tube, and therefore efficient ion transmission is realized and the resolution capability of the IMS is not affected.
3. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein: the radial cross sections of the annular electrode (6) and the annular insulator (7) are both circular.
4. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein:
the inner diameter of the N annular electrodes (6) is 3.6 times of the axial length thereof; the inner diameter of the N annular electrodes (6) is 3 times of the diameter of the ion receiving electrode (5);
the resistance value of the first divider resistor (8-1) is 2 times that of the second divider resistor (8-2).
5. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein:
along the direction from the ion source (1) to the ion receiving electrode (5), the voltage difference value between the odd number adjacent ring electrodes is kept the same and is U1, the voltage difference value of the even number adjacent ring electrodes is kept the same and is U2, the absolute value of U1 is larger than that of U2, and a direct current electric field with the radial periodic focusing function of ion clusters along the direction from the ion source (1) to the ion receiving electrode (5) is formed in the ion migration tube.
6. The ion transfer tube of claim 5, wherein:
in the radial edge area inside the ion migration tube, along the direction from the ion source (1) to the ion receiving electrode (5), the radial component and the axial component of the direct current electric field are in wave-shaped periodic variation, and ions in the area are periodically converged towards the axis of the ion migration tube; in a cylindrical area which takes the axis of the ion migration tube as a reference axis in the ion migration tube, along the direction from the ion source (1) to the ion receiving electrode (5), the radial component of the direct current electric field is zero, and the axial component is kept constant, namely the uniform direct current electric field; the diameter of the cylindrical area taking the axis of the ion migration tube as a reference axis is larger than that of the ion receiving electrode (5), so that the resolution capability of the ion migration tube is not influenced.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113539783A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Radial periodic focusing ion migration tube |
| CN117711909A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-15 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Non-uniform field ionizer and ion focusing method |
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2021
- 2021-07-15 CN CN202121609865.XU patent/CN215815787U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113539783A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Radial periodic focusing ion migration tube |
| CN113539783B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2024-04-02 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Radial periodic focusing ion migration tube |
| CN117711909A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-15 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Non-uniform field ionizer and ion focusing method |
| CN117711909B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-04-12 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Non-uniform field ionizer and ion focusing method |
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