CN215809095U

CN215809095U - Exhaust cap

Info

Publication number: CN215809095U
Application number: CN202122489123.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王政玉; 李春泥; 李元禾; 王超颖; 岑陈
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Yili Shuntong Shandong Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-15
Filing date: 2021-10-15
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-15

Abstract

The utility model provides an exhaust cap, which comprises a vent pipe, a protective cover and a support body, wherein the vent pipe is a pipe body provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the protective cover is a rotary curved body protruding downwards, a fairing is arranged between the vent pipe and the protective cover at a certain interval distance, the fairing is a rotary curved body protruding upwards, the center of the fairing is provided with an air vent, the air vent of the fairing is communicated with the air outlet of the vent pipe, the fairing is fixed on the outer wall of the air outlet of the vent pipe, and at least three support bodies are uniformly distributed and fixed between the protective cover and the fairing. The space formed between the fairing and the protective cover forms a Laval nozzle effect to pump indoor air. The exhaust cap can exhaust air by utilizing natural wind power and indoor hot air buoyancy, airflow cannot flow backwards, no rotating part is arranged, no noise exists, maintenance is avoided, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the exhaust efficiency is high. The air-exhaust type heat-dissipation device can be used for places where structures need to be exhausted or ventilated to dissipate heat.

Description

Exhaust cap

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the fields of aerodynamics and thermodynamics, in particular to a device for naturally exhausting hot air in natural wind and a structure.

Background

With the depletion of fossil energy and the environmental pollution thereof, people increasingly attach importance to the utilization of renewable energy, and wind energy and the like are utilized as renewable energy in many aspects, wherein the utilization has been promoted to some extent in the aspect of ventilation and exhaust.

At present, several common exhaust devices using natural wind include: (1) the spherical unpowered fan drives the wind wheel to rotate by utilizing natural wind to generate centrifugal action and discharge indoor dirty gas under the action of hot gas buoyancy in a building space. It has the advantages that: firstly, the appearance is beautiful; and the second is to automatically adapt to the incoming wind in all directions. Its disadvantages are: firstly, the continuously rotating bearing is easy to damage and generate larger noise; secondly, the air exhaust amount is low; thirdly, the manufacturing process is more complex, and the material consumption is more; and fourthly, airflow backflow is easily generated during breeze or rotation blockage. (2) The rotary counter-wind venturi exhaust uses a low pressure region created by natural wind passing through a nozzle or laval nozzle to draw dirty air from the room. It has the advantages that: firstly, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing process is simple; secondly, the cost is lower. It has the disadvantage of adding a wind direction tracking device in general. (3) Airfoil exhaust, such as the inventors' invention: "a suction and exhaust device" of patent No. 201010594258.0, its advantages are: firstly, the structure is simpler; secondly, high-speed rotation is not needed, and maintenance is basically not needed. It has the disadvantage of adding a wind direction tracking device. (4) The air-gathering suction type exhaust device, for example, invented by the present inventors: "a produce ordered flow device" of patent No. 201010241209.9, has the function of changing wind, its advantage: firstly, the structure is simple, and an air alignment device is not needed; and secondly, no rotating part and no maintenance are needed. Its disadvantages are complex technology and high material consumption. (5) Straight pipe + protective cover type: this is the most conventional exhaust device and has the advantage of a very simple construction. The disadvantages are as follows: firstly, the phenomenon of backward flowing wind can be generated when the cutting-in direction or the installation direction of the incoming wind is improper; secondly, the exhaust efficiency is lower. (6) A cylindrical blast cap: the structure is complicated, and a rainwater receiving device is required to be added. (7) An umbrella-shaped blast cap: the structure is simple, but a large overflowing space needs to be reserved between the outer edge of the bottom of the umbrella-shaped protective cover and the air outlet of the ventilating cylinder, so that the effects of rain and snow prevention, insect prevention and bird prevention are poor; when the cutting direction or the installation direction of the incoming wind is improper, the backward wind flowing phenomenon can be generated. (8) A conical blast cap: the insect-proof, bird-proof and sundry entry-proof effects are poor, and a water receiving device is needed. (9) A shutter type: the advantages are that: the wind-driven generator has no rotating parts, long service life, easy generation of backward wind phenomenon and poor air draft effect. (10) Shutter + keep out wind fence formula: its advantages are no need of rotating parts, easy introduction of impurities, large size, high consumption of raw materials and high cost.

One of the headache problems encountered in various multi-storey dwellings today is: the problem of air leakage between the toilet and the kitchen between the layers is solved. The fundamental reasons of the analysis are that the exhaust device at the top of the existing building can not effectively generate negative pressure, so that the exhaust effect is poor, and the phenomenon of 'backward flow' of the incoming wind is caused by unreasonable structural design of the exhaust wind device.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem solved by the utility model is as follows: the device which can utilize natural wind power and indoor hot gas for exhaust has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, low cost, no need of wind, no rotating easily-damaged parts, no noise, no maintenance, low starting wind speed, high efficiency, no reverse wind flowing and complete protection functions.

In order to achieve the above objects and solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution:

the utility model provides an exhaust cap, includes breather pipe, protection casing, supporter, the breather pipe is a body that is equipped with air inlet and gas outlet, the protection casing is a lid that is located exhaust cap upper portion, and the supporter supports the protection casing, its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a fairing, including breather pipe, fairing, protective cover, ventilation opening, breather pipe, bearing.

The rotating surface comprises a rotating paraboloid, a rotating conical surface, a rotating spherical crown surface and the like, and the rotating surface body in the application document refers to an object with various shapes and rotating curved surfaces with certain thickness and comprises a shell and a solid body.

The air pipe is a pipe body provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet can be axially opened, or the air outlet of the air pipe can be axially opened, the axial port of the air inlet is closed, and the side wall of the lower end of the air pipe is provided with a plurality of air inlets. The vent pipe can be a pipe body with equal diameter, or a tapered pipe body with the diameter of the air outlet larger than that of the air inlet, or a tapered pipe body with the diameter of the air outlet smaller than that of the air inlet, or a Laval nozzle pipe body.

The action principle of the protective cover and the fairing is as follows: the protective cover has a rectification function besides preventing rain, snow, sundries and the like from entering the vent pipe, and a Laval nozzle type section structure is formed by the downward convex rotating curved surface of the protective cover, the upward convex rotating curved surface of the fairing and the support body; when the air reaches the air vent of the fairing, the negative pressure generated by the incoming wind sucks the indoor air at the air vent of the fairing; after the air and the air in the sucked room reach the vent hole of the fairing, the gradually expanding spraying pipe section formed among the protective cover, the fairing and the support body diffuses, reduces the speed and increases the pressure of the air and the air to be sucked, and finally the air and the air in the sucked room are discharged out of the exhaust cap together.

The working process of the exhaust cap is as follows: when the incoming wind in any direction blows to the exhaust cap, the incoming wind is guided through the space formed between the protective cover and the fairing, negative pressure and suction are generated when the incoming wind passes through the vent hole of the fairing, indoor gas enters the vent pipe through the air inlet of the vent pipe, and then is exhausted out of the exhaust cap together with the incoming wind through the air outlet of the vent pipe, the vent hole of the fairing and the exhaust channel between the fairing and the protective cover; when no wind exists outside and hot air exists in the room, the hot air can generate buoyancy, the buoyancy enables the indoor air to rise through the vent pipe and be exhausted to the outer space through the exhaust cap, and the buoyancy follows the element relation of the gas equation. The exhaust cap may be made of metal parts, non-metal composite material, concrete, cement, etc.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: the cross section of the support body is in a symmetrical wing plate shape or a circular or rectangular shape; the supporting body can also be a supporting body combined by a cylindrical rod and a rectangular plate or a symmetrical wing plate, and the symmetrical wing plate-shaped supporting body can play a role in guiding and gathering flow, can reduce the resistance to the incoming wind and improve the wind gathering and suction effects.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: the periphery of the outer edge of the protective cover is provided with a rainwater separation plate, and a cover plate is arranged on the protective cover. The rain water separating plate can be a plate body which surrounds the outer edge of the protective cover and extends downwards, and can also be a plate body which extends downwards and is integrated with the cover plate at the outer edge of the cover plate or a special-shaped body which is curled outwards. The rainwater separation plate can prevent rainwater from flowing into the vent pipe due to the wall attachment effect generated between water flow and the downward convex rotating curved surface on the protective cover when raining. The cover plate on the protective cover preferably adopts an arc-shaped plate protruding upwards, and the cover plate is used for preventing rain, snow or sundries from being accumulated on the top of the protective cover and reducing resistance to wind.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: and an included angle formed by the intersection of an extension line of a connecting line on the same section between the outer edge of the protective cover and the edge of the air vent of the fairing and a vertical axis of the vent pipe is 25-85 degrees. The angle range can meet the national rain test requirements on the exhaust cap, and rainwater is prevented from directly entering the vent pipe.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: and a power exhaust fan is arranged in the vent pipe. The power fan can start the power fan to exhaust air when no wind exists or the indoor air pressure is lower than the outdoor air pressure. The power fan can be connected with the wind speed sensor, the air pressure sensor and the controller thereof to realize automatic starting and running.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: and a gas switch valve is arranged on the vent pipe. The gas switch valve can adopt a manual valve or an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic valve according to different working conditions and structural requirements; may be a butterfly valve, or may be a rotary vane valve or a swing valve. Can be a common gas switch valve and can also be a heat-preservation fireproof gas switch valve. When the lower port of the vent pipe is closed and a plurality of vent holes are formed around the outer wall of the lower port of the vent pipe, a bellows type expansion valve and the like which are arranged on the outer wall of the lower port of the vent pipe can be adopted.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: the vent pipe is an expansion-shaped pipe barrel with the sectional area of the air outlet smaller than that of the air inlet. The scheme is convenient for the gathering and flowing of indoor gas and improves the exhaust efficiency.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: the vent pipe is a Laval type pipe barrel with the cross sections of the air outlet and the air inlet larger than that of the middle section and two expanded ends. The structure is convenient for the gathering and flowing of indoor air, is also convenient for the diffusion of airflow and improves the exhaust efficiency.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: a protective net is arranged in the vent pipe and prevents tiny organisms such as insects and the like from entering when no outside wind exists and the indoor temperature is low.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: a filter screen is arranged in the breather pipe and can filter the indoor foul gas.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: the air inlet of the fairing is provided with a baffle cone, the baffle cone is an inverted cone, and the upper part of the inverted cone is fixedly connected with the bottom of the protective cover. The flow guide cone can improve the air speed of the air outlet of the air vent of the fairing, reduce the static pressure of the air outlet and improve the air exhaust effect.

The above-mentioned exhaust cap, optional technical scheme is: the top of the protective cover is provided with a lightning rod, a wind vane, a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and the like, and various sensors can be communicated with a display or a mobile phone terminal through a communication module and a controller.

Has the advantages that: (1) in the aspect of structural characteristics, the exhaust cap can realize the purpose of exhausting by utilizing natural wind power, does not need a rotating part, does not need a wind direction tracking device, and can adapt to the requirement of high wind speed as long as the material adopted by the device has enough strength. (2) The exhaust cap has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, low cost, no maintenance, long service life and no noise. (3) In the aspect of exhaust performance, the starting wind speed is low, and through a physical test, compared with a spherical rotary unpowered fan with the effective diameter of 300mm of a vent commonly used in the market, the effective diameter of 300mm of the vent of the exhaust cap is 300mm, the device can start exhaust when the external wind speed is 0.3m/s, the exhaust speed reaches 0.15m/s, and the starting wind speed of the unpowered fan can be started to rotate only when the starting wind speed is more than 1.3 m/s; when the external wind speed is 7.5m/s, the exhaust volume of the device reaches 6.8m for carrying out heavy planting, and the spherical unpowered fan only reaches 5.5m for carrying out heavy planting; compared with an unpowered fan, the ventilation efficiency is improved. In addition, the air flow backflow phenomenon cannot be generated when the air flow is inclined by plus or minus 30 degrees. (4) The exhaust cap can not generate the phenomenon of 'backward flow wind' to the wind coming from any direction, and can effectively solve the problem of 'taint of odor' of kitchens or toilets between households of the building. (5) In the aspect of ecological energy saving, the wide application of the exhaust cap can save fossil energy and reduce pollutant emission; when the air-permeable biological filter is used in an artificial breeding place, the growth speed of organisms in the air-exhausted space can be increased, the immunity of the organisms can be improved, and the like.

The utility model is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust cap according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-vent pipe, 2-protective cover, 3-support, 6-fairing, 51-vent pipe air inlet, 52-vent pipe air outlet, 53-space distance, 61-fairing air vent, 21-rain water separating plate, 22-protective cover plate, a-protective cover outer edge, b-fairing air vent edge, o-o-vertical axis, connecting line and extension line on same cross section between x-x-protective cover outer edge and fairing air vent edge, c-intersection point of extension line and vertical axis, d-included angle formed by intersection of extension line and vertical axis.

In the figure: solid lines with arrows represent external incoming flow streamlines; the dotted line with arrows represents the indoor gas streamlines.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to be a further limitation of the utility model.

The exhaust cap shown in fig. 1 comprises an air pipe 1, a protective cover 2 and a support body 3, wherein the air pipe 1 is a truncated cone-shaped pipe body provided with an air inlet 51 with the diameter of 405mm and an air outlet 52 with the diameter of 400mm, the protective cover 2 is a shell positioned at the upper part of the exhaust cap, the protective cover 2 is a rotary spherical crown body with the radius of 1000mm and protruding downwards, the radius of the bottom section of the spherical crown body is 350mm, a fairing 6 is arranged between the air pipe 1 and the protective cover 2 at a space distance 53 of 200mm along the vertical axis direction, the fairing 6 is a rotary spherical crown body with the radius of 1000mm and protruding upwards, the radius of the bottom section of the fairing spherical crown body 6 is 330mm, the bottom section of the protective cover 2 is arranged in parallel with the bottom section of the fairing 6, an air vent 61 with the diameter of 300mm is arranged at the center of the fairing 6, and the air vent 61 of the fairing 6 is communicated with the air outlet 52 of the air pipe 1, the sectional area of the vent 61 of the fairing 6 is smaller than or equal to the sectional area of the air outlet 52 of the air vent pipe 1, the fairing 6 is fixed on the outer wall of the air outlet 61 of the air vent pipe 1, 6 supports 3 are arranged, and the supports are uniformly distributed and fixedly supported between the protective cover 2 and the fairing 6. A rainwater separation plate 21 is arranged on the periphery of the outer edge a of the protective cover 2, and a cover plate 22 is arranged on the protective cover 2. The connecting line between the outer edge a of the protective cover 2 and the edge b of the air vent 61 of the fairing 6 and the extension line x-x intersect with the vertical axis o-o of the vent pipe 1 at a point c, and the formed included angle d is 30 degrees. The periphery of the outer wall of the ventilation pipe 1 is hermetically mounted with the wall of the structure (not shown).

The working process of the ventilator cap is as follows: because the Laval nozzle type cross section structure formed by the downward convex rotating curved surface of the protective cover 2 and the upward convex rotating curved surface of the fairing 6, when the incoming wind in any direction blows towards the exhaust cap, before the incoming wind reaches the air vent 61 of the fairing 6, the gradually-reduced nozzle section formed among the protective cover 2, the fairing 6 and the supporting plate 3 firstly gathers, accelerates and reduces the pressure of the incoming wind; when the incoming wind reaches the ventilation port 61 of the cowling 6, the indoor air is sucked; after the incoming air and the sucked indoor air reach the vent 61 of the fairing 6, the gradually expanding nozzle section formed among the protective cover 2, the fairing 6 and the support plate 3 diffuses, reduces the speed and increases the pressure of the incoming air and the sucked indoor air, and finally the indoor air and the incoming air are discharged out of the exhaust cap together. The device can start exhaust when the external wind speed is 0.3m/s, and the exhaust speed reaches 0.15 m/s; when the external wind speed is 7.5m/s, the air displacement of the device reaches 6.8 m/min of flowering under fruit trees.

When no wind exists outside and hot air exists in the room, the hot air can generate buoyancy, and the buoyancy enables the indoor air to rise through the vent pipe 1 and be exhausted to the outer space through the exhaust cap. The exhaust cap can not generate the phenomenon of 'backward flowing wind' through computer simulation and physical experiments. The device can also be used for ventilation and heat dissipation in the outdoor box body.

While the apparatus of the present invention has been described in connection with preferred embodiments, the utility model is not limited to the specific structural forms set forth herein and illustrated in the drawings, but, on the contrary, it is intended to cover such equivalents and apparatus as may be derived from various alternatives, subcombinations, and equivalents of the various features which are included within the scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an exhaust cap, includes breather pipe, protection casing, supporter, the breather pipe is a body that is equipped with air inlet and gas outlet, the protection casing is a lid that is located exhaust cap upper portion, and the supporter supports the protection casing, its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a fairing, including breather pipe, fairing, protective cover, ventilation opening, breather pipe, bearing.

2. The vent cap of claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the supporting body is in a symmetrical wing plate shape or a circular shape.

3. The vent cap of claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the outer edge of the protective cover is provided with a rainwater separation plate, and a cover plate is arranged on the protective cover.

4. A venting cap as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein: and an included angle formed by the intersection of an extension line of a connecting line on the same section between the outer edge of the protective cover and the edge of the air vent of the fairing and a vertical axis of the vent pipe is 25-85 degrees.

5. The vent cap of claim 4, wherein: and a power exhaust fan is arranged in the vent pipe.

6. The vent cap of claim 4, wherein: and a gas switch valve is arranged on the vent pipe.

7. The vent cap of claim 4, wherein: the vent pipe is an expansion-shaped pipe barrel with the sectional area of the air outlet smaller than that of the air inlet.

8. The vent cap of claim 4, wherein: the air inlet of the fairing is provided with a baffle cone, the baffle cone is an inverted cone, and the upper part of the inverted cone is fixedly connected with the bottom of the protective cover.

9. The vent cap of claim 4, wherein: the top of the protective cover is provided with a lightning rod, a wind vane and a wind speed sensor.