CN215804601U - Tunnel primary support system - Google Patents
Tunnel primary support system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215804601U CN215804601U CN202122093461.6U CN202122093461U CN215804601U CN 215804601 U CN215804601 U CN 215804601U CN 202122093461 U CN202122093461 U CN 202122093461U CN 215804601 U CN215804601 U CN 215804601U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a tunnel primary support system which comprises a plurality of steel arches and a plurality of longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh sheets, wherein the plurality of steel arches are sequentially arranged along a first direction, two adjacent steel arches are fixedly connected through the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh sheets, and the plurality of longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh sheets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the steel arches. Two ends of the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh are respectively connected to two adjacent steel arches; the longitudinal connecting steel bar net piece comprises a first connecting bar, a second connecting bar and a steel bar ring, the first connecting bar and the second connecting bar are arranged in parallel, and the steel bar ring is connected between the first connecting bar and the second connecting bar; the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib extend along the first direction, and a plane formed by the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib is arranged in the same plane with the reinforcing ring. The tunnel primary support system thoroughly solves the problem that the quality safety is caused because the longitudinal connection quality of the existing steel arch is difficult to control.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a primary tunnel support system.
Background
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the construction of tunnel engineering, a conventional tunnel supporting structure is generally divided into a primary support 101, a secondary lining 102 and a waterproof and drainage layer 103 sandwiched between the primary support 101 and the secondary lining 102, and most of the primary supports 101 mainly adopt a full-ring arrangement form of a steel arch 1011, the steel arch 1011 is annularly arranged in sections and is fixedly connected with a bolt through a connecting plate, while the longitudinal connection design of the steel arch 1011 basically adopts a longitudinal connecting steel bar 1013 lap welding arrangement, and the parameters of the circumferential arrangement of the general longitudinal connecting bar 1013 are as follows: the diameter phi of the deformed steel bar is 22mm, the circumferential distance d is 1m, and the lap length is that a single-side welding seam is welded on site according to the standard requirement.
However, in the construction site, at present, as the smooth blasting management and control technology is gradually improved in tunnel construction, after the steel arch 1011 is installed at the measurement lofting point according to the design size after the whole tunnel is excavated, the space 104 between the back of the steel arch 1011 and the excavated surrounding rock 100 is narrow, the longitudinal connecting rib 1013 needs to be placed behind and the lap joint part behind the steel arch 1011 needs to be welded by manual operation, the construction difficulty is high, the lap joint welding part 1015 of the connecting rib 1013, the welding part of the connecting rib 1013 and the rib plate 1014 behind the steel arch 1011 are inevitably caused, the quality of the two parts has problems, further, the quality safety hazards exist in the aspects of the integral structure of the primary support steel arch installation, later stress and the like, the stress structure of the tunnel integral double-layer composite support system is finally influenced, the safety in the later railway operation stage is directly influenced, so the quality control of the longitudinal connection of the steel arch 1011 must be carried out from the construction source, the problem is thoroughly solved. In addition, the circumferential distance d between two adjacent longitudinal connecting steel bars is controlled to be 1 meter, so that the precision deviation is large during field operation, and the circular overlapping cannot be effectively formed between the steel arch frames 1011.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a tunnel primary support system, which thoroughly solves the problem of quality safety caused by difficulty in control of the longitudinal connection quality of the conventional steel arch frame, and finally ensures that the whole stressed structure of the tunnel is reliable and firm and meets the design requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a tunnel primary support system which comprises a plurality of steel arches and a plurality of longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh sheets, wherein the plurality of steel arches are sequentially arranged along a first direction, two adjacent steel arches are fixedly connected through the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh sheets, and the plurality of longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh sheets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the steel arches. Two ends of the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh are respectively connected to two adjacent steel arches; the longitudinal connecting steel bar net piece comprises a first connecting bar, a second connecting bar and a steel bar ring, the first connecting bar and the second connecting bar are arranged in parallel, and the steel bar ring is connected between the first connecting bar and the second connecting bar; the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib extend along the first direction, and a plane formed by the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib is arranged in the same plane with the reinforcing ring.
According to the scheme, the longitudinal connecting steel bar net pieces connected to the connecting plates of the two adjacent steel arches are adopted to replace the traditional longitudinal connecting bars, so that the problem of quality defects of field welding connection of the connecting bars in the traditional mode is solved. Meanwhile, the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh is manufactured in a factory mode according to the design space requirement of the steel arch frames, the connecting ribs and the reinforcing rings are welded in a combined mode, the welding quality, the machining length and the like of the detailed parts of the integral longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh have quality guarantee, the integral transverse deformation resistance of the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh is enhanced, the longitudinal connection of the steel arch frames is enhanced, meanwhile, the arrangement of the longitudinal space of the steel arch frames is controlled to a certain degree, and the installation fixing and size control level of the steel arch frames is greatly improved.
In addition, because the steel arch support is arranged between the two rib plates on the inner side of the steel arch support, an operator can easily perform welding operation between the steel arch support and the steel arch support, the primary shotcrete can well form an effective support system with the circumferential longitudinally-connected reinforcing mesh plates which are arranged in an encrypted manner in the construction process, and meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the reinforcing mesh plates can also greatly improve the effects of shotcrete such as spraying, adhesion and compaction, and greatly reduce the resilience of the shotcrete. Finally, the tunnel primary support system forms a longitudinal and circumferential stress system combining a firm and reliable steel structure and sprayed concrete, so that the integral strength of the tunnel primary support system is enhanced, and a bearing capacity system meeting the design is formed.
The construction is carried out by adopting the scheme of the utility model, the construction is simple and rapid, the operation of field workers is convenient, the installation of the whole steel arch frame is rapid and firm, and the whole construction efficiency of the sprayed concrete can be improved, namely, the spraying, adhering, compacting and other effects of the sprayed concrete are greatly improved, and the rebound quantity of the sprayed concrete is greatly reduced. Finally, the problem that the traditional longitudinal connecting rib is difficult to install, weld and reinforce is successfully solved, a stress system of the primary tunnel support is greatly guaranteed, and the field implementation effect is extremely obvious.
Preferably, the number of the reinforcing rings is two or more, and the plurality of reinforcing rings are arranged in sequence along the first direction and are coplanar.
Therefore, the arrangement of the plurality of reinforcing steel bars can further improve the transverse deformation resistance of the whole longitudinal connection reinforcing mesh.
In a further scheme, two adjacent reinforcing steel bars are welded and fixed.
Therefore, the connection strength of the longitudinal connection reinforcing mesh is further improved.
Preferably, the reinforcing cage is a rectangular ring, and two opposite sides of the reinforcing cage are welded and fixed to the first and second tie bars, respectively.
In a further proposal, the reinforcing steel bar ring is a square ring.
Therefore, the integral deformation resistance of the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh is ensured.
An optimal scheme is that each steel arch comprises a connecting plate and two rib plates, the two rib plates are arranged on two opposite sides of the connecting plate respectively, two side edges of the connecting plate are connected to the middle of the corresponding rib plate respectively, and the end parts of the longitudinal connecting steel bar meshes are connected to the connecting plate.
The further scheme is that the width of the connecting plate is larger than the distance between the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent longitudinal connecting steel bar meshes in the circumferential direction of the steel arch is within the range of 50 cm to 100 cm.
Therefore, the overall connection strength of the steel arch is improved.
Preferably, the diameter of each of the first and second tie bars is greater than or equal to 22 mm.
Preferably, the reinforcing cage is formed by bending a reinforcing bar, and the diameter of the reinforcing bar is greater than or equal to 8 mm.
Therefore, the stability of the quality of the first connecting rib, the second connecting rib and the reinforcing steel bar ring is ensured, and the deformation caused by stress is prevented.
Preferably, in the first direction, two adjacent longitudinal connecting steel mesh sheets are arranged in a coplanar manner.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a conventional tunnel primary support system.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between a steel arch and surrounding rocks in a conventional tunnel primary support system.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a connection structure of a steel arch and a longitudinal tie bar in a conventional tunnel primary support system.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of a connection structure of a steel arch and a longitudinal tie bar in a conventional tunnel primary support system.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a steel arch and a longitudinal connecting steel mesh in an embodiment of the primary tunnel support system of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is a top view of a steel arch and a longitudinal connecting steel mesh in an embodiment of the primary tunnel support system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a left side view of a steel arch and a longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh in an embodiment of the primary tunnel support system of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a front view of a longitudinal connecting steel mesh in an embodiment of the primary tunnel support system of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a reinforcing steel bar ring in an embodiment of the tunnel primary support system of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a left side view of the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh in the embodiment of the primary tunnel support system of the present invention.
The utility model is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the primary tunnel support system includes a plurality of steel arches 1 and a plurality of longitudinal connecting steel mesh sheets 2, and the plurality of steel arches 1 are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction (i.e., the first direction) of the tunnel.
Each steel arch 1 comprises a connecting plate 11 and two rib plates 12, the two rib plates 12 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the connecting plate 11, two side edges of the connecting plate 11 are respectively connected to the middle parts of the corresponding rib plates 12, and the connecting plate 11 and the two rib plates 12 form an I-shaped structure. Two adjacent steel bow member 1 are through vertical connecting reinforcement net piece 2 fixed connection, and a plurality of vertical connecting reinforcement net piece 2 are along the hoop interval arrangement of steel bow member 1 to in the hoop of steel bow member 1, the interval d1 of two adjacent vertical connecting reinforcement net piece 2 is in 50 centimetres to 100 centimetres within range.
Two ends of the longitudinal connecting steel bar net piece 2 are respectively connected to the connecting plates 11 of the two adjacent steel arches 1. In the first direction, two adjacent longitudinal connecting reinforcing bar net pieces 2 are arranged in a coplanar manner.
Referring to fig. 8 to 10, the longitudinal-connection reinforcing mesh 2 includes a first connecting rib 3, a second connecting rib 4 and four reinforcing rings 5, the first connecting rib 3 and the second connecting rib 4 are arranged in parallel, and the four reinforcing rings 5 are all connected between the first connecting rib 3 and the second connecting rib 4. The first and second tie bars 3 and 4 each extend in a first direction and the plane formed by the two is disposed coplanar with the tendon 5.
Four reinforcing bars 5 are arranged in sequence along a first direction and arranged in a coplanar manner, and two adjacent reinforcing bars 5 are fixedly connected by welding. The reinforcing steel bar ring 5 is a square ring, and two opposite edges of the reinforcing steel bar ring 5 are welded and fixed on the first connecting bar 3 and the second connecting bar 4 respectively.
The width w of the web 11 is greater than the distance d2 between the first and second beads 3, 4. The diameters of the first connecting rib 3 and the second connecting rib 4 are both larger than or equal to 22mm, the reinforcing steel bar ring 5 is formed by bending a reinforcing steel bar, and the diameter of the reinforcing steel bar is larger than or equal to 8 mm.
The construction method of the primary tunnel support system is described in detail below.
Firstly, after the initial spraying of concrete is performed in the tunnel, the annular steel arch frame 1 of the tunnel is installed immediately, the annular steel arch frame 1 is integrally arranged in a segmented mode, and side walls on two sides and a vault are installed from bottom to top in the installation process.
The steel arch frames are installed in sections, can be directly connected longitudinally, and fix the distance between the steel arch frames 1 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The longitudinal connecting steel bar net piece 2 is connected between the two annular steel arch frames 1, the interval is arranged in an encrypted mode within the range of 50 cm to 100 cm according to the annular interval, the longitudinal connecting steel bar net piece 2 is installed between the two rib plates 12 of each steel arch frame 1, and contact points between the first connecting bar 3 and the second connecting bar 4 and the connecting plates 11 of the steel arch frames 1 are welded firmly.
And then, after the longitudinal installation and the positioning of the side wall steel arches on the two sides are finished, the arch crown steel arches are uniformly installed, the longitudinal connection refers to the side wall operation, and the longitudinal connecting reinforcing steel bar net pieces 2 after the whole installation are ensured to be integrally in a line in the longitudinal horizontal direction, namely along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and two adjacent longitudinal connecting reinforcing steel bar net pieces 2 are coplanar.
Finally, the steel arch 1 forms a longitudinal and circumferential firm and reliable stress steel structure system.
In addition, in the concrete spraying construction of the tunnel primary support system, the concrete is sprayed according to the technical requirements of the concrete spraying, from bottom to top, by referring to the 'cells' formed by the whole annular steel arch centering area subjected to the spraying by the longitudinal connecting steel mesh 2, and the concrete is sprayed according to the corresponding cells by section spraying and section photo spraying. Because the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh piece 2 is additionally arranged in the encryption mode, the effects of spraying, adhering, compacting and the like in the sprayed concrete construction process can be directly improved, and the resilience of the sprayed concrete can be greatly reduced.
From the above, through adopting the longitudinal connection reinforcing bar net piece of connecting on the connecting plate of two adjacent steel bow members to replace traditional longitudinal connection muscle to the quality defect problem of the on-the-spot welded connection of splice bar among the traditional mode has been solved. Meanwhile, the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh is manufactured in a factory mode according to the design space requirement of the steel arch frames, the connecting ribs and the reinforcing rings are welded in a combined mode, the welding quality, the machining length and the like of the detailed parts of the integral longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh have quality guarantee, the integral transverse deformation resistance of the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh is enhanced, the longitudinal connection of the steel arch frames is enhanced, meanwhile, the arrangement of the longitudinal space of the steel arch frames is controlled to a certain degree, and the installation fixing and size control level of the steel arch frames is greatly improved.
In addition, because the steel arch support is arranged between the two rib plates on the inner side of the steel arch support, an operator can easily perform welding operation between the steel arch support and the steel arch support, the primary shotcrete can well form an effective support system with the circumferential longitudinally-connected reinforcing mesh plates which are arranged in an encrypted manner in the construction process, and meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the reinforcing mesh plates can also greatly improve the effects of shotcrete such as spraying, adhesion and compaction, and greatly reduce the resilience of the shotcrete. Finally, the tunnel primary support system forms a longitudinal and circumferential stress system combining a firm and reliable steel structure and sprayed concrete, so that the integral strength of the tunnel primary support system is enhanced, and a bearing capacity system meeting the design is formed.
The construction is carried out by adopting the scheme of the utility model, the construction is simple and rapid, the operation of field workers is convenient, the installation of the whole steel arch frame is rapid and firm, and the whole construction efficiency of the sprayed concrete can be improved, namely, the spraying, adhering, compacting and other effects of the sprayed concrete are greatly improved, and the rebound quantity of the sprayed concrete is greatly reduced. Finally, the problem that the traditional longitudinal connecting rib is difficult to install, weld and reinforce is successfully solved, a stress system of the primary tunnel support is greatly guaranteed, and the field implementation effect is extremely obvious.
In addition, the reinforcing rings may be rectangular rings, parallelogram rings, or the like. The shape of the reinforcing rings, the number of the reinforcing rings, the length and the diameter of the reinforcing rings and the length and the diameter of the first connecting ribs and the second connecting ribs can be changed according to actual needs. The above-described modifications also achieve the object of the present invention.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, not limitations, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and any changes, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. The tunnel primary branch system includes:
the steel arch frames are sequentially arranged along a first direction;
the adjacent two steel arches are fixedly connected through the longitudinal connecting reinforcing steel meshes, and the longitudinal connecting reinforcing steel meshes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the steel arches;
the method is characterized in that:
two ends of the longitudinal connecting reinforcing mesh are respectively connected to two adjacent steel arches;
the longitudinal connecting steel bar net piece comprises a first connecting bar, a second connecting bar and a steel bar ring, the first connecting bar and the second connecting bar are arranged in parallel, and the steel bar ring is connected between the first connecting bar and the second connecting bar;
the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib both extend along the first direction, and a plane formed by the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib is arranged in a coplanar mode with the reinforcing steel bar ring.
2. The primary tunnel support system according to claim 1, wherein:
the number of the reinforcing steel bar rings is more than two, and the plurality of reinforcing steel bar rings are sequentially arranged along the first direction and are arranged in a coplanar mode.
3. The primary tunnel support system according to claim 2, wherein:
and two adjacent reinforcing steel bar rings are welded and fixed.
4. The primary tunnel support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the reinforcing steel bar ring is a rectangular ring, and two opposite edges of the reinforcing steel bar ring are welded and fixed on the first connecting bar and the second connecting bar respectively.
5. The primary tunnel support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
each steel arch center comprises a connecting plate and two rib plates, the two rib plates are arranged on two opposite sides of the connecting plate respectively, two side edges of the connecting plate are connected to the middle portions of the corresponding rib plates respectively, and the end portions of the longitudinal connecting steel bar net pieces are connected to the connecting plate.
6. The primary tunnel support system of claim 5, wherein:
the width of the connecting plate is larger than the distance between the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib.
7. The primary tunnel support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
and the distance between two adjacent longitudinal connecting steel bar meshes is within the range of 50 cm to 100 cm in the ring direction of the steel arch center.
8. The primary tunnel support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the diameters of the first connecting rib and the second connecting rib are both larger than or equal to 22 mm.
9. The primary tunnel support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the reinforcing steel bar ring is formed by bending a reinforcing steel bar, and the diameter of the reinforcing steel bar is larger than or equal to 8 mm.
10. The primary tunnel support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
in the first direction, two adjacent longitudinal connecting steel bar meshes are arranged in a coplanar manner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122093461.6U CN215804601U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Tunnel primary support system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122093461.6U CN215804601U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Tunnel primary support system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN215804601U true CN215804601U (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122093461.6U Active CN215804601U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Tunnel primary support system |
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| CN (1) | CN215804601U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-08-31 CN CN202122093461.6U patent/CN215804601U/en active Active
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