CN215773421U - Capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device - Google Patents
Capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN215773421U CN215773421U CN202121917953.6U CN202121917953U CN215773421U CN 215773421 U CN215773421 U CN 215773421U CN 202121917953 U CN202121917953 U CN 202121917953U CN 215773421 U CN215773421 U CN 215773421U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a sensor, in particular to a capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device, which comprises a square wave oscillation circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, a communication circuit and a controller, wherein the square wave oscillation circuit outputs a square wave signal with specific frequency; the signal acquisition circuit is used for detecting the condensation, taking a detection result as an input parameter influencing the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit, performing half-wave interception on the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit and then sending the intercepted half-wave to the controller; the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is used for detecting temperature and humidity and sending a detection result to the controller; the communication circuit is used for carrying out signal conversion on the controller and the upper computer and providing communication protection; the technical scheme provided by the utility model can effectively overcome the defects that in the prior art, condensation is inconvenient to effectively monitor, the temperature and humidity monitoring accuracy is low, and the communication with an upper computer is not effectively protected.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a sensor, in particular to a capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device.
Background
Electric power is one of important energy sources in China, and is reformed and opened, along with the rapid development of national economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, various electric appliances and household appliances are frequently used, and the social power consumption is greatly increased. The distribution box is divided into a power distribution box, a lighting distribution box and a metering box, and is the final-stage equipment of the whole urban power control and distribution system, and the distribution box is used in the occasions with dispersed loads and less loops, and distributes the electric energy of a certain circuit of the upper-stage distribution equipment to nearby loads and protects, monitors and controls the loads.
Outdoor distribution box need work under the humiture environment that is more suitable. And partial area is because the difference in temperature is great round clock, forms the condensation easily at the inside metal face of block terminal, and light then leads to equipment oxidation, and the heavy time leads to equipment short circuit trouble, arouses the emergence of conflagration even. The monitoring of condensation adopts resistance-type condensation sensor comparatively commonly, but resistance-type condensation sensor receives damp wet environment influence easily, leads to the detection circuitry oxidation to make monitoring sensitivity reduce.
Besides monitoring condensation, the temperature and humidity are also a key monitoring index. Therefore, how to improve the accuracy of the acquisition device for temperature and humidity monitoring and improve the protection capability of the acquisition device for communication with an upper computer is also a problem to be considered.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device, which can effectively overcome the defects that condensation is inconvenient to effectively monitor, the temperature and humidity monitoring accuracy is low, and communication with an upper computer is not effectively protected in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
a capacitance type condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device comprises a square wave oscillation circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, a communication circuit and a controller;
the square wave oscillation circuit outputs a square wave signal with specific frequency;
the signal acquisition circuit is used for detecting the condensation, taking a detection result as an input parameter influencing the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit, performing half-wave interception on the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit and then sending the intercepted half-wave to the controller;
the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is used for detecting temperature and humidity and sending a detection result to the controller;
and the communication circuit is used for carrying out signal conversion on the controller and the upper computer and providing communication protection.
Preferably, the square wave oscillation circuit comprises a timer U6, the timer U6 is connected with the signal acquisition circuit through a resistor R7, and the timer U6 is further connected with a resistor R8 and a resistor R9.
Preferably, the signal acquisition circuit comprises a capacitor CX and a diode T4, the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the diode T4 through the capacitor CX, and the cathode of the diode T4 is connected with the controller U2.
Preferably, the capacitor CX is a grid-type circuit board or a capacitor plate.
Preferably, the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor U4, an IIC interface of the temperature and humidity sensor U4 is connected with anti-interference pull-up resistors R5 and R6, and the temperature and humidity sensor U4 is further connected with a power filter capacitor C4.
Preferably, the communication circuit comprises a protocol level conversion circuit for converting serial port signals of the controller U2 into differential signals of an upper computer, and a communication protection circuit connected to the front end of the protocol level conversion circuit for providing protection.
Preferably, the protocol level conversion circuit comprises a communication protocol conversion module U1, and the output end of the communication protocol conversion module U1 is connected with a pull-up resistor R2 and a pull-down resistor R3 for conditioning the differential signal.
Preferably, the communication protection circuit comprises a bidirectional TVS tube DZ1 connected to the output terminal of the communication protocol conversion module U1 for suppressing a drastic change in external voltage, and self-recovery fuses F1 and F2 connected between the bidirectional TVS tube DZ1 and the external port P1 for overcurrent protection.
Preferably, the device further comprises a program burning interface JP1 connected with the controller U2 and used for downloading the application program.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device provided by the utility model has the following advantages:
1) the direct influence of the condensation on the capacitor plate is designed, so that the oxidation caused by long-term work in a severe environment can be effectively avoided, the service life of the device is greatly prolonged, and the detection precision is greatly improved;
2) an IIC interface of the temperature and humidity sensor in the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is connected with an anti-interference pull-up resistor, so that the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit can accurately send a detection result to a controller, and the accuracy of temperature and humidity monitoring is guaranteed;
3) the communication protection circuit in the communication circuit can effectively protect the protocol level conversion circuit, prevent the influence of large current and fluctuating voltage on the communication protocol conversion module and ensure the normal communication between the controller and the upper computer.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a controller connected to a communication circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a square wave oscillation circuit and a signal acquisition circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a program burning interface according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device is shown in figures 1 to 4 and comprises a square wave oscillation circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, a communication circuit and a controller;
the square wave oscillation circuit outputs a square wave signal with specific frequency;
the signal acquisition circuit is used for detecting the condensation, taking a detection result as an input parameter influencing the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit, performing half-wave interception on the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit and then sending the intercepted half-wave to the controller;
the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is used for detecting temperature and humidity and sending a detection result to the controller;
and the communication circuit is used for carrying out signal conversion on the controller and the upper computer and providing communication protection.
The square wave oscillation circuit comprises a timer U6, the timer U6 is connected with the signal acquisition circuit through a resistor R7, and the timer U6 is also connected with a resistor R8 and a resistor R9.
As shown in fig. 2, the square wave oscillation circuit outputs a square wave signal of a specific frequency using a timer U6(TLC555 timer) in combination with resistors R7, R8, R9 and a capacitor CX.
The signal acquisition circuit comprises a capacitor CX and a diode T4, a resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the diode T4 through the capacitor CX, and the cathode of the diode T4 is connected with the controller U2.
The capacitor CX is a grid-type circuit board or a capacitor plate.
As shown in fig. 2, when condensation occurs between the capacitors CX, the dielectric coefficient between the capacitors CX (at this time, the medium is a mixture of air and dew), and it can be known from C ═ epsilon × S/d that since the capacitor plate area S and the capacitor plate distance d are both constant values, the capacitance value of the capacitor CX changes at this time, and the pulse width of the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit changes.
The diode T4 plays a role in one-way conduction, so that the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit with the changed pulse width is always positioned above the x axis, and subsequent analog quantity acquisition and AD analog-to-digital conversion are facilitated.
In this application technical scheme, according to above-mentioned analysis, when the condensation appears between the electric capacity CX, the capacitance value of electric capacity CX changes, and then leads to square wave oscillation circuit output waveform's pulse width to change. Therefore, the capacitance value of the capacitance CX can be obtained according to the pulse width change of the output waveform, and the amount of condensation between the capacitor plates can be obtained according to the relationship between the capacitance value of the capacitance CX and the amount of condensation between the capacitance CX.
It is worth noting that, although the medium between the capacitor plates is a mixture of air and dew when the condensation occurs between the capacitors CX, the capacitance value and the condensation amount of the capacitors CX can still be calibrated to obtain a fitting function capable of describing the relationship between the capacitance value and the condensation amount, and the condensation amount between the capacitor plates can be obtained according to the fitting function.
The temperature and humidity acquisition circuit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor U4, an IIC interface of the temperature and humidity sensor U4 is respectively connected with anti-interference pull-up resistors R5 and R6, and the temperature and humidity sensor U4 is also connected with a power supply filter capacitor C4.
As shown in fig. 3, the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit uses a temperature and humidity sensor U4(SHT20) as a core sensor, SHT20 as a temperature and humidity integrated high-precision sensor, and the communication interface is an IIC interface. Each sets up 1 pull-up resistance at IIC kneck, can play the anti-jamming effect for temperature and humidity acquisition circuit can accurately send the testing result to controller U2, thereby guarantees temperature and humidity monitoring's accuracy.
The communication circuit comprises a protocol level conversion circuit used for converting serial port signals of the controller U2 into differential signals of an upper computer, and a communication protection circuit connected to the front end of the protocol level conversion circuit and used for providing protection.
The protocol level conversion circuit comprises a communication protocol conversion module U1, and the output end of the communication protocol conversion module U1 is connected with a pull-up resistor R2 and a pull-down resistor R3 which are used for conditioning differential signals.
As shown in fig. 1, the protocol level conversion circuit can convert the RS232 serial port signal of the controller U2 into an RS485 differential signal of the upper computer, and the stability of data transmission is effectively improved. The pull-up resistor R2 and the pull-down resistor R3 are used for conditioning the RS485 differential signal, and the certainty of the level of the RS485 differential signal is guaranteed.
The communication protection circuit comprises a bidirectional TVS tube DZ1 which is connected with the output end of the communication protocol conversion module U1 and used for restraining the drastic change of external voltage, and self-recovery fuses F1 and F2 which are connected between the bidirectional TVS tube DZ1 and an external port P1 and used for overcurrent protection.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-recovery fuses F1 and F2 are used for overcurrent protection, and when the external coupling current is too large, the fuses are blown immediately, and after the external current signal is recovered, the fuses are recovered to be normal. The bidirectional TVS tube DZ1 can suppress the influence on the subsequent communication protocol conversion module U1(SP3485) when the external voltage is drastically changed, thereby playing a role in protection.
The external port P1 supplies the host computer to use, and the effect has 2, and the first is for providing voltage input interface for the inside power module of device, and the second is for providing RS485 communication interface for the host computer.
In the technical scheme of the application, the device further comprises a program burning interface JP1 connected with the controller U2 and used for downloading the application program. After the PCBA welding of the product is completed, the application program can be downloaded into the controller U2 through the program burning interface JP 1.
It should be noted that the technical solution of the present application is only for providing a hardware configuration different from the prior art, so that the skilled person can implement further development under such a hardware configuration, and the software program can be programmed by the programmer in the field at a later stage according to the actual effect requirement.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a capacitanc condensation and humiture collection system which characterized in that: the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit comprises a square wave oscillation circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, a communication circuit and a controller;
the square wave oscillation circuit outputs a square wave signal with specific frequency;
the signal acquisition circuit is used for detecting the condensation, taking a detection result as an input parameter influencing the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit, performing half-wave interception on the output waveform of the square wave oscillation circuit and then sending the intercepted half-wave to the controller;
the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is used for detecting temperature and humidity and sending a detection result to the controller;
and the communication circuit is used for carrying out signal conversion on the controller and the upper computer and providing communication protection.
2. The capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the square wave oscillation circuit comprises a timer U6, the timer U6 is connected with the signal acquisition circuit through a resistor R7, and the timer U6 is further connected with a resistor R8 and a resistor R9.
3. The capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the signal acquisition circuit comprises a capacitor CX and a diode T4, the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the diode T4 through the capacitor CX, and the cathode of the diode T4 is connected with the controller U2.
4. The capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the capacitor CX is a grid type circuit board or a capacitor plate.
5. The capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor U4, anti-interference pull-up resistors R5 and R6 are connected to an IIC interface of the temperature and humidity sensor U4 respectively, and a power supply filter capacitor C4 is connected to the temperature and humidity sensor U4.
6. The capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the communication circuit comprises a protocol level conversion circuit used for converting serial port signals of the controller U2 into differential signals of the upper computer, and a communication protection circuit connected to the front end of the protocol level conversion circuit and used for providing protection.
7. The capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the protocol level conversion circuit comprises a communication protocol conversion module U1, and the output end of the communication protocol conversion module U1 is connected with a pull-up resistor R2 and a pull-down resistor R3 which are used for conditioning differential signals.
8. The capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the communication protection circuit comprises a bidirectional TVS tube DZ1 which is connected with the output end of the communication protocol conversion module U1 and used for restraining the drastic change of external voltage, and self-recovery fuses F1 and F2 which are connected between the bidirectional TVS tube DZ1 and an external port P1 and used for overcurrent protection.
9. The capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: and the device also comprises a program burning interface JP1 connected with the controller U2 and used for downloading the application program.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121917953.6U CN215773421U (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121917953.6U CN215773421U (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN215773421U true CN215773421U (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202121917953.6U Active CN215773421U (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Capacitive condensation and temperature and humidity acquisition device |
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| CN (1) | CN215773421U (en) |
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- 2021-08-17 CN CN202121917953.6U patent/CN215773421U/en active Active
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