CN215772524U - Charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit - Google Patents
Charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN215772524U CN215772524U CN202122225708.5U CN202122225708U CN215772524U CN 215772524 U CN215772524 U CN 215772524U CN 202122225708 U CN202122225708 U CN 202122225708U CN 215772524 U CN215772524 U CN 215772524U
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Abstract
The invention discloses a charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit, aiming at overcoming the problems of slow response and high error rate in the prior art, and the charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit comprises a rectification voltage reducer, wherein a window comparator is connected onto the rectification voltage reducer, a photoelectric coupler is connected onto the window comparator, a switching triode is connected onto the photoelectric coupler, a controller is connected onto the switching triode, a relay is connected onto the controller, a battery is connected onto the relay, the window comparator comprises an overvoltage comparator and an undervoltage comparator, the overvoltage comparator and the undervoltage comparator are connected in parallel, a first current limiting resistor is connected onto the overvoltage comparator in series, and a second current limiting resistor is connected onto the undervoltage comparator in series.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the power circuit technology, in particular to a charger commercial power voltage abnormity protection circuit.
Background
The charger is a charging device which converts commercial power into rated voltage by adopting a high-frequency power supply technology. In China, the voltage of the mains supply is generally 380V and 40hz, and the charger can normally work under the condition of stable mains supply voltage. In the actual operation process, the voltage of the commercial power is deviated under the influence of different areas and different power utilization conditions, so that the problem of overvoltage or undervoltage on the charger is easily caused.
In the prior art, in order to avoid the situation that the charger works under overvoltage or undervoltage, a voltage protection circuit is designed, and the voltage protection circuit comprises a rectifying filter circuit and a control chip, wherein the rectifying filter circuit is connected to a mains supply and the control chip. In actual use, the commercial power is subjected to voltage reduction processing by the rectifying and filtering circuit to obtain an alternating current pulse signal, and then the alternating current pulse signal is transmitted to the control chip, the control chip is preset with a rated voltage value, and if the alternating current pulse signal is out of the range of the rated voltage value, the control chip disconnects the charger from the commercial power.
However, the prior art is not perfect, the ac pulse signal is an analog quantity, and is easily affected by the interference signal, and in practical use, the voltage protection circuit needs to acquire multiple sets of data and further process the data to obtain a more accurate result, which results in the problems of slow response speed and high judgment error rate.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defects and problems in the prior art, the invention provides a charger mains supply voltage abnormity protection circuit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit comprises a rectification voltage reducer, wherein a window comparator is connected to the rectification voltage reducer, a photoelectric coupler is connected to the window comparator, a switch triode is connected to the photoelectric coupler, a controller is connected to the switch triode, a relay is connected to the controller, and a battery is connected to the relay;
the window comparator comprises an overvoltage comparator and an undervoltage comparator, the overvoltage comparator and the undervoltage comparator are connected in parallel, a first current limiting resistor is connected on the overvoltage comparator in series, and a second current limiting resistor is connected on the undervoltage comparator in series.
Preferably, the photoelectric coupler comprises a light emitting diode and a phototriode, wherein the anode of the light emitting diode is connected to the window comparator, the cathode of the light emitting diode is grounded, the collector of the phototriode is connected to the switching triode, and the emitter of the phototriode is grounded.
Preferably, the photocoupler is connected to the switching triode through a third current limiting resistor.
Preferably, the base of the switching triode is connected to the photoelectric coupler, the emitter of the switching triode is connected to the battery, and the collector of the switching triode is connected to the controller.
Preferably, a fourth pull-up resistor is connected between the controller and the switching transistor.
Preferably, the controller is of the model STM32F103C8T 6.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding and beneficial technical effects that:
(1) in the invention, the rectification step-down device carries out rectification step-down processing on the commercial power, the rectification step-down device avoids the problem that the commercial power is damaged because the commercial power directly flows to the window transformer, and the window comparator is used for determining whether the commercial power processed by the rectification step-down device is overvoltage or undervoltage and outputting a digital signal, so that the effect of carrying out digital processing on an analog signal is achieved, and the invention has the advantages of reliable work and accurate detection.
(2) In the invention, the photoelectric coupler plays a role of isolation between the window comparator and the switching triode, so the invention has the advantages of good electrical insulation and anti-interference capability.
(3) In the invention, if a weak signal output by the photoelectric coupler is amplified, the switching triode can be conducted, and the switching triode plays a role in amplifying the signal output by the photoelectric coupler, so that the photoelectric coupler has the advantages of quick response and high detection efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention;
in the figure: f1-rectifying step-down transformer, U1-overvoltage comparator, U2-undervoltage comparator, U3-photoelectric coupler, U4-controller, Q1-switching triode, R1-first current-limiting resistor, R2-second current-limiting resistor, R3-third current-limiting resistor, R4-fourth pull-up resistor, K1-relay and G1-battery.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit comprises a rectification voltage reducer F1, a window comparator is connected to the rectification voltage reducer F1, a photoelectric coupler U3 is connected to the window comparator, a switching triode Q1 is connected to the photoelectric coupler U3, a controller U4 is connected to the switching triode Q1, a relay K1 is connected to the controller U4, a battery G1 is connected to the relay K1, and the battery G1 can be charged by mains power through the relay K1.
The rectifying voltage reducer F1 is a device that can convert the input commercial power into low-voltage direct current for output. The mains power refers to 380V and 50Hz power supply.
In practical use, the rectifying voltage reducer F1 is connected to the mains supply, and the mains supply is converted into low-voltage direct current by the rectifying and voltage reducing effects of the rectifying voltage reducer F1 and is output to the window comparator.
The window comparator refers to a device that compares the voltage output by the rectified step-down transformer F1 with a safe voltage range to determine the digital signal output. The safe voltage range includes an upper limit voltage and a lower limit voltage, the upper limit voltage being greater than the lower limit voltage. The digital signal includes a high level and a low level, and a voltage of the high level is greater than a voltage of the low level. If the voltage output by the rectifying step-down transformer F1 is between the upper limit voltage of the window comparator and the lower limit voltage of the window comparator, the commercial power is in a normal state, and the output of the window comparator is at a high level. If the utility power is in a normal state, the battery G1 in a charging state can work normally. If the voltage output by the rectifying step-down device F1 is greater than the upper limit voltage of the window comparator, the commercial power is in an overvoltage state. If the voltage output by the rectifying step-down transformer F1 is less than the lower limit voltage of the window comparator, the commercial power is in an undervoltage state. When battery G1 is charged with the commercial power in an overvoltage or undervoltage state, battery G1 is easily damaged. If the commercial power is in an overvoltage or undervoltage state, the window comparator outputs a low level.
The photoelectric coupler U3 is an electro-optic-electrical converter device that transmits electrical signals using light as a medium, so that the input signal and the output signal of the photoelectric coupler U3 have good isolation, and thus have good electrical insulation and interference resistance.
The switching transistor Q1 plays a role in controlling the circuit to be switched off and on. If the photoelectric coupler U3 outputs high level, the switch triode Q1 control circuit is conducted. If the photoelectric coupler U3 outputs low level, the switch triode Q1 control circuit is cut off.
In practical use, the switching transistor Q1 is connected to a power supply, and the power supply is used for supplying power. If the switching transistor Q1 controls the circuit to conduct, the power supply delivers current to the controller U4 through the switching transistor Q1. If the switching transistor Q1 control circuit is disconnected, the power supply is disconnected from the controller U4. Thereby realizing the effect of controlling large current by small current.
The controller U4 is an integrated chip having a processing function, a memory function, a reading function, and a timing function. The relay K1 is an electric controller U4 that generates a predetermined step change in the controlled amount in the electric output circuit when the change in the input amount meets a predetermined requirement.
In actual use, the relay K1 is connected to the battery G1, and if the power supply transmits current to the controller U4 through the switching transistor Q1, the controller U4 sends a disconnection signal to the relay K1, and the relay K1 disconnects the connection between the battery G1 and the commercial power, so that abnormal commercial power is prevented from charging the battery G1.
In the invention, the rectification step-down device F1 carries out rectification step-down processing on the mains supply, the rectification step-down device F1 avoids the problem that the mains supply is damaged because the mains supply directly flows to the window transformer, and the window comparator is used for determining whether the mains supply processed by the rectification step-down device F1 is overvoltage or undervoltage and outputting a digital signal, so that the effect of carrying out digital processing on an analog signal is achieved, and the invention has the advantages of reliable work and accurate detection.
In the invention, the photoelectric coupler U3 plays a role in isolation between the window comparator and the switching triode Q1, so the invention has the advantages of good electrical insulation and anti-interference capability.
In the invention, if a weak signal output by the photoelectric coupler U3 is amplified, the switching triode Q1 can be conducted, and the switching triode Q1 plays a role in amplifying the signal output by the photoelectric coupler U3, so that the invention has the advantages of quick response and high detection efficiency.
The window comparator comprises an overvoltage comparator U1 and an undervoltage comparator U2, the overvoltage comparator U1 and the undervoltage comparator U2 are connected in parallel, a first current limiting resistor R1 is connected in series on the overvoltage comparator U1, and a second current limiting resistor R2 is connected in series on the undervoltage comparator U2.
The rectifier transformer, an input end of the over-voltage comparator U1 and an input end of the under-voltage comparator U2 are connected together. The other input end of the overvoltage comparator U1 is used for being connected with an overvoltage power supply, and the potential of the overvoltage power supply is the upper limit voltage. The other input end of the under-voltage comparator U2 is used for connecting an under-voltage power supply, and the potential of the under-voltage power supply is the lower limit voltage. The first current limiting resistor R1 is used for limiting current and dividing voltage for the overvoltage comparator U1, so that the problem that the overvoltage comparator U1 is burnt out due to overlarge current on the overvoltage comparator U1 is avoided. The first current limiting resistor R1 is used for limiting current and dividing voltage for the overvoltage comparator U1, so that the problem that the overvoltage comparator U1 is burnt out due to overlarge current on the overvoltage comparator U1 is avoided. The second current limiting resistor R2 is used for limiting and dividing the current of the under-voltage comparator U2, so that the problem that the under-voltage comparator U2 is burnt out due to overlarge current on the under-voltage comparator U2 is solved.
The photoelectric coupler U3 comprises a light emitting diode and a phototriode, wherein the anode of the light emitting diode is connected to the window comparator, the cathode of the light emitting diode is grounded, the collector of the phototriode is connected to the switching triode Q1, and the emitter of the phototriode is grounded, so that the effects of photoelectric isolation and signal amplification are achieved.
The photocoupler U3 is connected to the switching transistor Q1 through a third current limiting resistor R3.
The third current limiting resistor R3 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor, and the third current limiting resistor R3 is used for limiting the current flowing out of the collector of the phototransistor, so that the problem that the switching triode Q1 is burnt out due to overlarge current on the switching triode Q1 is avoided.
The base electrode of the switching triode Q1 is connected to the photoelectric coupler U3, the emitter electrode of the switching triode Q1 is connected with the power supply, and the collector electrode of the switching triode Q1 is connected to the controller U4.
Wherein, the power supply can output direct current to the switching transistor Q1. If the photoelectric coupler U3 inputs current to the base of the switching triode Q1, the power supply inputs current to the collector of the switching triode.
A fourth pull-up resistor R4 is connected between the controller U4 and the switching transistor Q1. A fourth pull-up resistor R4 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q1.
One end of the fourth pull-up resistor R4 is connected between the controller U4 and the collector of the switching transistor Q1, and the other end of the fourth pull-up resistor R4 is grounded. The fourth pull-up resistor R4 is used for improving the current stability between the switching triode Q1 and the controller U4, avoiding the problem that the switching triode Q1 outputs overlarge transient voltage to the controller U4 and improving the working reliability of the device.
The model of the controller U4 is STM32F103C8T 6.
The relay K1 is an electromagnetic relay K1, and the controller U4 sends an electric signal to the relay K1 to be converted into magnetic force, so that the on-off of the relay K1 is controlled.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention shall be covered within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit is characterized by comprising a rectification voltage reducer, wherein a window comparator is connected to the rectification voltage reducer, a photoelectric coupler is connected to the window comparator, a switch triode is connected to the photoelectric coupler, a controller is connected to the switch triode, a relay is connected to the controller, and a battery is connected to the relay;
the window comparator comprises an overvoltage comparator and an undervoltage comparator, the overvoltage comparator and the undervoltage comparator are connected in parallel, a first current limiting resistor is connected on the overvoltage comparator in series, and a second current limiting resistor is connected on the undervoltage comparator in series.
2. The abnormal protection circuit of commercial power voltage of charger as claimed in claim 1, wherein said photocoupler includes a light emitting diode and a photo transistor, the positive pole of the light emitting diode is connected to the window comparator, the negative pole of the light emitting diode is grounded, the collector of the photo transistor is connected to the switching transistor, and the emitter of the photo transistor is grounded.
3. The abnormal protection circuit of commercial power voltage of charger as claimed in claim 1, wherein said photocoupler is connected to the switching triode through a third current limiting resistor.
4. The abnormal protection circuit of commercial power voltage of charger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base of said switching transistor is connected to the photocoupler, the emitter of the switching transistor is connected to the battery, and the collector of the switching transistor is connected to the controller.
5. The charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein a fourth pull-up resistor is connected between the controller and the switching triode.
6. The charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit according to the claim, wherein the controller is STM32F103C8T 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122225708.5U CN215772524U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122225708.5U CN215772524U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit |
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| CN215772524U true CN215772524U (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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| CN202122225708.5U Active CN215772524U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Charger mains voltage abnormity protection circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115776166A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-03-10 | 深圳市锐深科技有限公司 | Circuit and method for confirming connection between electric ship and charging gun and electric ship |
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2021
- 2021-09-14 CN CN202122225708.5U patent/CN215772524U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115776166A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-03-10 | 深圳市锐深科技有限公司 | Circuit and method for confirming connection between electric ship and charging gun and electric ship |
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