CN215766092U - Device for preventing cavitation of pump suction inlet of heat pump water heater unit and curing barn system - Google Patents
Device for preventing cavitation of pump suction inlet of heat pump water heater unit and curing barn system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215766092U CN215766092U CN202020143120.8U CN202020143120U CN215766092U CN 215766092 U CN215766092 U CN 215766092U CN 202020143120 U CN202020143120 U CN 202020143120U CN 215766092 U CN215766092 U CN 215766092U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for preventing cavitation of a pump suction inlet of a heat pump water heating unit and a baking room system, wherein a water path of the heat pump water heating unit comprises a water tank, a circulating water pump, an outer pipe of a shell and tube heat exchanger and a fan coil assembly which are connected in a circulating manner, and is characterized in that an inner pipe of the shell and tube heat exchanger is also sequentially connected with a throttling device, an evaporator and a compressor to form a circulating channel for circulating a refrigerant; the device for preventing the cavitation erosion of the suction inlet of the heat pump hot water unit comprises an expansion water tank arranged at a high position, wherein the expansion water tank is connected to the suction inlet of the circulating water pump through a water pipe or is connected to a channel between the water tank and the circulating water pump.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of heat pump set design, in particular to a device for preventing cavitation of a pump suction inlet of a heat pump water heater set and a curing barn system.
Background
When the air source heat pump hot water unit operates, the evaporator absorbs heat from ambient air, and the shell-and-tube condenser is positioned in a high-temperature region and transmits heat to the water path; the condensation temperature of a heat pump hot water unit for heating is usually about 55 ℃, and the outlet water temperature of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is usually about 53 ℃.
The air source heat pump hot water unit is used for drying agricultural products, food, light industrial products and chemical products, the temperature of drying air flow required in the final stage of a drying process is about 70 ℃, and the water outlet temperature and the refrigerant gas condensation temperature of the heat pump hot water unit are both above 70 ℃.
In the drying device using the air source heat pump hot water unit as a heat source, hot water which is pushed by a water pump and heated by a shell-and-tube condenser is circulated to continuously convey heat to drying air flow, and the hot water is a heat source of a drying process.
However, the water surface of the expansion tank of the air source heat pump hot water unit is in an open ambient atmosphere, when the condensation temperature of refrigerant gas reaches above 70 ℃, and the temperature of circulating hot water heated by a shell-and-tube condenser and pushed by a water pump also reaches about 70 ℃, the water body pressure of the suction inlet of the circulating water pump is reduced due to the pumping and discharging action of the water pump, and if the pressure is lower than the saturation pressure corresponding to 70 ℃ water vapor, a cavitation phenomenon is generated at the suction inlet of the water pump: a small amount of water at the suction inlet is vaporized, gas-liquid two-phase flow occurs, and the density is reduced, so that the power performance and the operating efficiency of the water pump are seriously reduced, and the safety of a heat supply system and a heat pump unit is endangered;
in low-pressure plateau areas, such as Tibet and Yunnan, the absolute pressure of the water pump suction inlet is low due to low ambient atmospheric pressure, and the cavitation phenomenon of the water pump suction inlet is particularly serious.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a device for preventing cavitation of a pump suction inlet of a heat pump water heating unit, wherein a water path of the heat pump water heating unit comprises a water tank, a circulating water pump, an outer pipe of a shell and tube heat exchanger and a fan coil assembly which are connected in a circulating manner, and an inner pipe of the shell and tube heat exchanger is also sequentially connected with a throttling device, an evaporator and a compressor to form a circulating channel for circulating a refrigerant; the device for preventing the cavitation erosion of the suction inlet of the heat pump hot water unit comprises an expansion water tank arranged at a high position, wherein the expansion water tank is connected to the suction inlet of the circulating water pump through an expansion water pipe or is connected to a channel between the water tank and the circulating water pump.
Preferably, the expansion water tank is arranged on the bracket, so that the expansion water tank is higher than the water tank.
Preferably, the coil heat exchanger assembly includes a plurality of fan coils connected in parallel.
The tobacco leaf baking heat pump hot water device for preventing the cavitation of the water pump suction inlet is characterized in that a connecting pipe of an expansion water tank of a water system is connected to the position of the water pump suction inlet or a channel between the water tank and a circulating water pump, the expansion water tank is lifted upwards, and pressure generated by the height difference of a water column between the water surface of the expansion water tank and the water pump suction inlet is applied to a water body at the suction inlet of the circulating water pump, so that the absolute pressure of the water body at the water pump suction inlet of the circulating water pump is increased, the sum of the pressure of the water column at the water pump suction inlet of the expansion water tank and the pressure of the water column at the circulating water pump suction inlet and the ambient atmosphere is achieved, the occurrence of the cavitation phenomenon of the water pump suction inlet of the circulating water pump is effectively prevented, and the operation safety of a heat supply system and a heat pump set is improved.
The utility model also provides a curing barn system for preventing cavitation of a pump suction inlet of a heat pump hot water unit, which comprises:
the system comprises a plurality of baking rooms, a fan coil is arranged in each baking room, and wet air in the baking rooms is heated and heated through the fan coil;
the system comprises at least two water tanks, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in each water tank, and each water tank is provided with a group of heat pump units; the water outlet is respectively communicated with the fan coil in each baking room through a plurality of water inlet pipelines, the fan coil in each baking room is respectively communicated with the water inlet of the water tank through a water outlet pipeline to form a plurality of first heating water circulation channels, the group of heat pump units are arranged at the water inlet or the water outlet of the water tank and used for heating water in the first heating water circulation channels, and a circulating water pump is arranged between the water outlet or the water outlet and the heat pump units; a second heating water circulation channel is formed between each water tank and the corresponding heat pump unit; the first heating water circulation channel is provided with a first electromagnetic valve, and the second heating water circulation channel is provided with a second electromagnetic valve; the water in each water tank is heated to different temperatures, and each curing barn selects the water tank with the corresponding temperature according to the temperature requirement (namely selects the water tank with the temperature higher than the target temperature of the curing barn and the temperature closest to the target temperature) to be communicated;
each water tank is also provided with an expansion water tank which is connected to a suction inlet of the circulating water pump through an expansion water pipe.
Preferably, the expansion water tank is arranged on the bracket, so that the expansion water tank is higher than the water tank.
Preferably, the system comprises two water tanks, namely a high-temperature water tank and a medium-temperature water tank, wherein a first heating water circulation channel is arranged between the high-temperature water tank and each fan coil; and a second heating water circulation channel is also respectively arranged between the medium-temperature water tank and each fan coil.
Preferably, the water heater comprises three water tanks, namely a high-temperature water tank, a medium-temperature water tank and a low-temperature water tank, wherein a first heating water circulation channel is respectively arranged between the high-temperature water tank and each fan coil, a second heating water circulation channel is respectively arranged between the medium-temperature water tank and each fan coil, and a third heating water circulation channel is also respectively arranged between the low-temperature water tank and each fan coil.
Preferably, the curing barn comprises a drying room and an equipment room, and a first ventilation opening and a second ventilation opening which are communicated are arranged between the drying room and the equipment room;
the fan coil is arranged in the equipment room, a fan is also arranged in the equipment room, and a moisture exhaust port and an air supply port are also arranged on the equipment room;
under the action of the fan, wet air in the drying room enters the equipment room from the first ventilation opening, a part of wet air is discharged out of the baking room from the moisture discharge opening, and a part of wet air is heated by the fan coil pipe after being mixed with fresh air from the air supply opening and is conveyed back to the drying room from the second ventilation opening.
Preferably, each set of heat pump unit comprises at least one heat pump hot water production device.
The heat pump hot water production device comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator which are sequentially connected and form a refrigerant cycle;
wherein the external air flows through the evaporator;
the condenser adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises an inner tube for refrigerant to flow through and an outer tube sleeved on the inner tube, and the outer tube is communicated with the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet of the water tank.
Preferably, each group of heat pump units comprises a plurality of heat pump hot water production devices, and the plurality of heat pump hot water production devices are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, a plurality of said curing barn are arranged next to each other in a row; the water tank, the heat pump unit and the expansion water tank are arranged at the top of the curing barn.
Preferably, the fan coil water path control device further comprises a control device connected with each of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve and used for controlling the on-off of the fan coil water path.
The curing barn system provided by the utility model also has the following advantages and positive effects:
effectively preventing cavitation at suction inlet of circulating water pump
The method comprises the steps of connecting a connecting pipe of an expansion water tank of a water system to the suction inlet position of a water pump or a channel between the water tank and a circulating water pump, lifting the expansion water tank upwards, applying pressure generated by the height difference of a water column between the water surface of the expansion water tank and the suction inlet of the circulating water pump to a water body at the suction inlet of the circulating water pump, so that the absolute pressure of the water body at the suction inlet of the circulating water pump is raised, and the sum of the pressure of the water column at the suction inlet of the expansion water tank and the circulating water pump and the ambient atmospheric pressure is achieved, thereby effectively preventing the cavitation phenomenon of the suction inlet of the circulating water pump, and improving the operation safety of a heat supply system and a heat pump set.
② with less and more, saving heat pump product resources
The utility model adopts a plurality of heat pump units which run in parallel as a common heat source, outputs multi-path multi-temperature hot water, serves a bulk curing barn system consisting of a large number of curing barns, and compared with the 'one-to-one' matching mode that one heat pump unit corresponds to one curing barn, the total heating capacity of the heat pump heating unit at any moment is reduced by about 50%, the total cost of the heat pump heating unit is reduced by about 30% along with the total cost, and the heat pump product resources are greatly saved;
taking the flue-cured tobacco as an example for explanation, under the large-scale conditions of tobacco planting, such as 20 rooms of a bulk curing barn, the service planting area is 400 plus 500 mu, the varieties of the tobacco are the same, the transplanting periods are close, the harvesting page ages of the tobacco suitable for curing at the same parts of tobacco plants are also approximately the same, and according to the continuous and uniform production load requirements of manual harvesting, tobacco weaving, curing, moisture regaining and tobacco discharging of the tobacco, under the 'one-to-one' matching mode that one existing heat pump unit corresponds to one curing barn, the energy states of the heat pump curing barn in any time period of the tobacco curing season are approximately as follows: 1/10 (2) above is in a no-load tobacco loading state or a to-be-loaded tobacco empty room state, about 2/10 (4) is in a no-load moisture regain state, about 2/10 (4) is in a very light load tobacco leaf baking yellowing period, and only about less than 5/10 (10) is in a heavy load state of tobacco leaf baking, color fixing and drying; however, in the curing barn group curing barn system combining the central heat pump unit and the distributed air disc distributed fan coil, the central heat pump unit is in a 100% full load or nearly full load operation state in any time period of a curing season.
Thirdly, multi-path multi-temperature hot water output and high energy efficiency
According to the utility model, a plurality of heat pump units which run in parallel are adopted to output multipath multi-temperature hot water, and through fan coil pipes distributed in multiple curing barn, according to different tobacco curing process stages of each curing barn, the actually required heat is output, and the dry and wet ball temperature of each curing barn is established and maintained, so that the individual heat requirement of each curing barn is met;
the core index of the heat pump heating unit is heating energy efficiency ratio which is mainly determined by the circulating temperature difference (condensation temperature-evaporation temperature) of the heat pump heating unit, the heating energy efficiency ratio is high when the circulating temperature difference is small, the heating energy efficiency ratio is low when the circulating temperature difference is large, and the heating energy efficiency ratio is reduced by about 25% when the circulating temperature difference of the steam compression type heat pump unit is increased by 10 ℃; and in the curing barn in 3 different baking process stages of yellowing, color fixing and tendon drying, the temperature difference of air flow dry balls in the barn is large and is respectively below 44 ℃, 54 and 68 ℃, the utility model adopts multi-path multi-temperature hot water output to respectively convey low-temperature (about 46 ℃), medium-temperature (about 56 ℃) and high-temperature (about 70 ℃) hot water produced by a plurality of heat pump units to each curing barn in the yellowing, color fixing and tendon drying stages, overcomes the problem that the outlet water temperature of a condenser of a single large heat pump unit is high or low, protects the higher energy efficiency of the heat pump unit for producing medium-temperature (about 56 ℃) outlet water and the high energy efficiency of the heat pump unit for producing low-temperature (about 46 ℃), and realizes the integral comprehensive heating high energy efficiency of a central heat pump hot water unit consisting of the plurality of heat pump units.
Drawings
The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for preventing cavitation at a pump inlet of a heat pump water heater unit provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the on-way resistance of the device for preventing cavitation of the suction port of the heat pump hot water unit pump in the embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a barn system according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a curing barn in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection among the heat pump unit, the water tank and the curing barn in embodiment 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the circulation of heated water in each barn according to embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the utility model. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the utility model to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a device for preventing cavitation of a suction inlet of a heat pump hot water unit pump, wherein the heat pump hot water unit pump comprises a water tank 01, a circulating water pump 04, an outer pipe of a shell and tube heat exchanger 05 and a fan coil assembly which are connected in a circulating manner; the inner tube of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 05 is also sequentially connected with a throttling device, an evaporator and a compressor to form a circulating channel for circulating a refrigerant; the device for preventing the pump of the heat pump hot water unit from pumping such as port cavitation comprises an expansion water tank 02, wherein the expansion water tank 02 is connected to the suction port of the circulating water pump through an expansion water pipe 03 or is connected to a channel between a water tank 01 and the circulating water pump 04.
When the inner tube, the throttling device, the evaporator and the compressor of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 05 are connected to form a circulating channel for the circulation of the refrigerant to work, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 05 is equivalent to a condenser, the refrigerant flows through the inner tube of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 05 to heat the water flowing through the outer tube of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 05, and thus heated high-temperature water is obtained; the high-temperature water is delivered into a fan coil assembly under the action of a circulating pump, and the fan coil assembly is used for heating circulating air.
In this embodiment, a bracket is further included, and the expansion tank is disposed on the bracket so that the expansion tank is higher than the water tank.
In this embodiment, the coil heat exchanger assembly may include a plurality of fan coils 06 connected in parallel, or may include only one fan coil, which is not limited herein and may be adjusted according to specific needs.
The utility model provides a tobacco leaf baking heat pump hot water device for preventing cavitation of a water pump suction inlet, which is characterized in that a connecting pipe of an expansion water tank of a water system is connected to the position of the water pump suction inlet, or a channel between a water tank 01 and a circulating water pump 04, and the expansion water tank is lifted upwards, so that pressure generated by the height difference of a water column between the water surface of the expansion water tank 02 and the suction inlet of the circulating water pump 04 is applied to a water body at the inlet of the circulating water pump 04, thus the absolute pressure of the water body at the suction inlet of the circulating water pump 04 is raised, the sum of the pressure of the water column at the suction inlet of the expansion water tank 01-the circulating water pump 04 and the ambient atmospheric pressure is achieved, the occurrence of the cavitation phenomenon of the suction inlet of the circulating water pump is effectively prevented, and the operation safety of a heat supply system and a heat pump set is improved.
Before the water circulation system is operated, water is filled into the water circulation system (namely a water supply circulation system formed by the water tank 01, the circulating water pump 04, the outer pipe of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 05 and the fan coil assembly) and the expansion water tank 02, then a valve on a connecting pipeline of the expansion water tank 02 and a suction inlet of the circulating water pump 04 is opened to balance the water system, and the pressure of a water column between the inlet of the expansion water tank 02 and the inlet of the circulating water pump 04 and the ambient atmospheric pressure are transmitted to the suction inlet of the water pump, so that the absolute pressure of a water body of the suction inlet of the water pump is increased to prevent the suction inlet of the water pump from generating cavitation.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the highest pressure point of the water circulation system is at the water pump outlet, and the lowest pressure point is at the water pump inlet; the absolute pressure of the water body at the suction inlet of the circulating water pump 04 is the sum of the water column pressure between the expansion water tank 02 and the suction inlet of the circulating water pump 04 and the ambient atmospheric pressure, and the water vapor saturation temperature corresponding to the absolute pressure at the point reaches more than 110 ℃ and is far higher than the water absorption temperature near 70 ℃ of the suction inlet of the water pump of the drying heat pump hot water unit, so that the cavitation phenomenon of the suction inlet of the circulating water pump 04 is effectively prevented; the suction inlet of the circulating water pump 04 is used as the lowest pressure point when the water circulating system operates, the water vapor saturation temperature corresponding to the lowest absolute pressure point is above 110 ℃, and the absolute pressure of the water body at other points of the water circulating pipeline exceeds the water pump suction inlet used as the lowest pressure point of the water system, so that the possibility of cavitation at other points is completely avoided.
Example 2
The utility model provides a curing barn system for preventing cavitation of a pump suction inlet of a heat pump hot water unit, which comprises a plurality of curing barns and at least two water tanks, wherein the plurality of curing barns are arranged in a water tank; a fan coil is arranged in each baking room, and wet air in the baking room is heated and dried by the fan coil; the water tanks are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and each water tank is provided with a group of heat pump units; the water outlet is connected with the heat pump unit and then is respectively communicated with the fan coil in each baking room through a plurality of water inlet pipelines, the fan coil in each baking room is respectively communicated with the water inlet of the water tank through a water outlet pipeline to form a plurality of first heating water circulation channels, and a circulating water pump is arranged between the water outlet and the heat pump unit; a second heating water circulation channel is formed between each water tank and the corresponding heat pump unit; a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first heating water circulating channel, and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second heating water circulating channel; the water in each water tank is heated to different temperatures, and the water tanks with corresponding temperatures are selected to be communicated according to the temperature requirements in each baking room. The utility model also comprises an expansion water tank 02, wherein the expansion water tank 02 is connected to the suction inlet of the circulating water pump through an expansion water pipe 03, and the absolute pressure of the water body at the suction inlet of the circulating water pump is improved through the arrangement of the expansion water tank so as to prevent cavitation at the suction inlet of the water pump.
The temperature of each water tank can heat water in the water tank through a second heating water circulation channel between the heat pump unit and the water tank, and when the target temperature is reached, the clamping room is heated through the first heating water circulation channel. The number of the water tanks is adjusted according to the temperature required by the baking stage of the baked object, and is not limited herein. The mutual position relation of the setting quantity meanings of the curing barn can be adjusted according to specific conditions, and the position relation is not limited.
The utility model provides a curing barn system combining a central heat pump unit and a distributed fan coil, which is characterized in that a plurality of water tanks are designed, and each water tank is respectively provided with a heat pump unit for heating water, so that each water tank can obtain hot water with different temperatures and output multi-path hot water with multiple temperatures; and each curing barn is respectively connected with the water tanks with different temperatures to form a first hot water circulation for supplying hot water and circulating, so that the water tanks with different temperatures can be selected for hot circulation according to needs in each curing barn, heat is transferred to the fan coil of the curing barn, and the wet air in the curing barn is heated, thereby meeting the heat requirements of the curing barns with different curing processes.
Referring to fig. 2-6, in the present embodiment, two water tanks are included, namely a high-temperature water tank 2 and a medium-low temperature water tank 3, the high-temperature water tank 2 is equipped with a heat pump unit 4, and the medium-low temperature water tank 3 is equipped with a heat pump unit 5.
In the present embodiment, ten curing barn are taken as an example for illustration, and the specific number of curing barns can be adjusted according to specific needs in other embodiments. Ten curing barns are arranged closely in a row in sequence; the high-temperature water tank 2, the medium-low temperature water tank 3, the heat pump unit 4 and the heat pump unit are all arranged at the top of the curing barn, and the expansion water tank 02 is also arranged at the top of the curing barn through a bracket 07; the arrangement is favorable for saving land use area.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the concrete structure of the curing barn 1 is further described by taking the curing barn as an example; the curing barn 1 comprises a drying room 101 and an equipment room 102, and a first ventilation opening 103 and a second ventilation opening 104 which are communicated are arranged between the drying room 101 and the equipment room 102; the fan coil 105 is arranged in the equipment room 102, and the main water outlet pipe 6 and the main water inlet pipe 7 of the fan coil 105 are led out of the equipment room 102; a fan 106 is also arranged in the equipment room 102, and a moisture exhaust port 107 and an air supplement port 108 are also arranged on the equipment room; wet air in the drying room 101 enters the equipment room 102 from the first ventilation opening 103 under the action of the fan 106, a part of wet air is discharged out of the baking room from the moisture discharge opening 107, a part of wet air flow is mixed with fresh air from the air supply opening 108 and then heated by the fan coil 105 to be heated, and is conveyed back to the drying room 101 from the second ventilation opening 104, so that articles in the drying room 101 are dried, and the wet air is changed into wet air and then is conveyed into the equipment room 102 through the first ventilation opening 103, and the drying is realized through the circulation operation.
In the present embodiment, the fan coil and the high temperature water tank 2 in each baking room form a first heating water cycle, and the fan coil and the medium and low temperature water tank 3 in each baking room form another second heating water cycle running in parallel, which will be further described with reference to fig. 4 by taking the connection manner of the baking room 1 as an example.
Specifically, a fan coil in the baking room 1 is connected with a total water outlet pipe 6 and a total water inlet pipe 7, and the total water outlet pipe 6 is respectively communicated with the high-temperature water tank 2 through a water outlet pipeline 9 and the medium-low temperature water tank 3 through a water outlet pipeline 11; the total water inlet pipeline 7 is communicated with the heat pump unit 4 corresponding to the high-temperature water tank 2 through the water inlet pipeline 8, and is communicated with the heat pump unit 5 corresponding to the medium-low temperature water tank 3 through the water inlet pipeline 10, and the connection modes of the rest of curing barn and the high-temperature water tank 2 and the medium-low temperature water tank 3 can be referred to above, and are not repeated herein.
The fan coils in the baking rooms are used for being connected with water outlet pipelines of the high-temperature water tank 2 in parallel and then connected to the water pipes 13, and the water pipes 13 are communicated with a water inlet of the high-temperature water tank 2; the fan coils in the baking rooms are used for connecting water outlet pipelines of the middle-low temperature water tank 3 in parallel and then are communicated with a water inlet of the middle-low temperature water tank 3 through a water pipe;
the fan coils in the baking rooms are used for being connected with water inlet pipelines of the heat pump unit 4 in parallel and then connected to the water pipe 12, and the water pipe 12 is communicated with a water outlet of the heat pump unit 4; the fan coil pipes in the baking rooms are used for being connected with water inlet pipelines of the heat pump unit 5 in parallel and then communicated with a water outlet of the heat pump unit 5 through a water pipe;
therefore, the fan coil in each baking room is connected with the high-temperature water tank 2 and the heat pump unit 4 to form a first heating water circulation for high-temperature water circulation, and the fan coil in each baking room is connected with the medium-high temperature water tank 3 and the heat pump unit 5 to form a second heating water circulation for medium-temperature water circulation.
Furthermore, each of the formed first heating water circulation is provided with a first electromagnetic valve for controlling on-off of the controller, and taking the curing barn 1 as an example, on the first heating water circulation formed between the curing barn 1 and the high-temperature water tank 2, the controller is controlled to be on-off by arranging a first electromagnetic valve 12 on the water inlet pipeline 8 and a first electromagnetic valve 13 on the water outlet pipeline 9; on a first heating water circulation formed between the curing barn 1 and the medium-low temperature water tank 3, the on-off of a controller is controlled by arranging a first electromagnetic valve 14 on the water inlet pipeline 10 and arranging a first electromagnetic valve 15 on the water outlet pipeline 11; the arrangement scheme of the electromagnetic valve on the first heating water circulation communicated with the fan coil in the other baking rooms can be referred to the above description, and the description is omitted here.
In this embodiment, the heat pump unit 4 for heating water in the high temperature water tank 2 includes two heat pump hot water production devices, but in other embodiments, the heat pump unit 4 may include only one heat pump hot water production device or may include more than two heat pump hot water production devices, and the disclosure is not limited thereto. Specifically, the heat pump unit 4 comprises a heat pump hot water production device 401 and a heat pump hot water production device 402, wherein the heat pump hot water production device 401 and the heat pump hot water production device 402 are connected in parallel, the water inlet ends of the heat pump hot water production device 401 and the heat pump hot water production device 402 are connected in parallel and then communicated with the water outlet of the high-temperature water tank 2, and the water outlet ends of the heat pump hot water production device 401 and the heat pump hot water production device 402 are connected in parallel and then distributed to a plurality of water inlet pipelines through a water pipe 12 so as to be communicated with fan coil pipes of all curing barn; further, an electromagnetic valve 18 is additionally arranged on the water pipe 12 for further controlling the on-off of the heating water circulation.
And the pipelines of the heat pump hot water production device 401 and the heat pump hot water production device 402 connected with the water outlet of the high-temperature water tank 2 are respectively provided with a circulating water pump 19 and a circulating water pump 20.
Furthermore, the expansion water tank 02 is connected with an expansion water pipe 03, and the expansion water pipe 03 is connected to the water inlets of the circulating water pump 19 and the circulating water pump 20 through a plurality of branches.
In this embodiment, the heat pump unit 5 for heating water in the medium-low temperature water tank 3 includes three heat pump hot water production devices, but in other embodiments, the heat pump unit may include only one heat pump hot water production device or only two or more heat pump hot water production devices, and the disclosure is not limited thereto. The three heat pump hot water production devices are respectively a heat pump hot water production device 501, a heat pump hot water production device 502 and a heat pump hot water production device 503, and the connection modes between the three heat pump hot water production devices, the medium-low temperature water tank and the heat pump unit 5 can refer to the connection mode in the heat pump unit 4, and the connection modes are not limited in the above and can be adjusted according to specific needs.
Further, the water inlets of the circulating water pumps between the three heat pump hot water production devices in the heat pump unit 5 corresponding to the medium-low temperature water tank 2 and the medium-low temperature water tank are also communicated with the expansion water tank 02, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, an independent second heating water circulation channel 14 is arranged between the heat pump unit 4 and the high-temperature water tank 2, and a second electromagnetic valve 16 is arranged on the other second heating water circulation channels 14 and used for controlling the on-off of the second heating water circulation channel 14; under the initial condition, the high-temperature water tank 2 does not reach the target high temperature, at this time, the first heating water circulation channel between the high-temperature water tank 2 and each curing barn can be closed (in the case of the curing barn 1, the first electromagnetic valve 12 and the first electromagnetic valve 13 are closed), the second electromagnetic valve 16 is opened, after the water in the high-temperature water tank 2 is circularly heated to the target temperature, the second heating water circulation channel 14 is closed by closing the second electromagnetic valve 16, and the first electromagnetic valve on the first heating water circulation channel on the curing barn which needs to convey the high-temperature water is opened.
Similarly, an independent second heating water circulation channel is also arranged between the heat pump unit 5 and the medium-low temperature water tank 3, and the arrangement mode thereof refers to the second heating water circulation channel 17 between the heat pump unit 4 and the high-temperature water tank 2, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the curing barn system further comprises a control device connected to each of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve for controlling the on/off of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve. The control device may be an electromagnetic water valve box shown in fig. 5, or may be a computer system, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the heat pump hot water production device comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator which are connected in sequence and form a refrigerant cycle; wherein the outside air flows through the evaporator; the condenser adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises an inner tube for refrigerant to flow through and an outer tube sleeved on the inner tube, and the outer tube is communicated with a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet of the water tank.
The working principle of the heat pump hot water production device is as follows:
the refrigerant absorbs heat energy of air in the evaporator to become low-pressure steam, the low-pressure steam is sucked by the compressor to be compressed into high-temperature high-pressure steam, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is discharged into an inner pipe in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, heat is released to water flow in an outer pipe and then condensed into refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid is decompressed by the throttling device and flows into the evaporator again, and then the refrigerant liquid enters a new cycle of circulation, and the cycle is repeated, so that heat energy in the air serving as a low-temperature heat source is continuously pumped into hot water serving as a high-temperature heat source through the refrigerant system.
In the single-stage compression type heat pump hot water production device operated in this way, the heating efficiency (energy efficiency ratio) is mainly determined by the condensation pressure (condensation temperature) and the evaporation pressure (evaporation temperature) of the heat pump system;
because the evaporation temperature of the heat pump system must be lower than the temperature of the ambient air, the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator can absorb heat from the air outside the evaporator, and is evaporated and vaporized; the evaporation pressure of the heat pump system is mainly determined by the temperature of ambient air, and when the ambient temperature is low, the evaporation pressure is low, the density of refrigerant gas sucked by the compressor is low, the refrigerant circulation amount is small, and the heating capacity is poor; the high ambient temperature is high, and evaporation pressure is high, and the density of the refrigerant gas that the compressor inhales is big, and refrigerant circulation volume is big, and heating capacity is strong. The condensation temperature of the heat pump hot water system is higher than the hot water temperature, the refrigerant gas in the condenser can release heat for condensation and liquefaction, and the heat is released to the hot water outside the condenser in the shell and tube heat exchanger; therefore, the condensing pressure of the heat pump hot water unit is mainly determined by the temperature of hot water in the shell and tube, the condensing pressure is low when the temperature of the hot water is low, the working condition of the compressor is good, and the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system is high; when the temperature of hot water rises, the condensing pressure rises, the working condition of the compressor is worsened, and the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system is reduced.
For a heat pump hot water production device, if the environment (low temperature heat source) temperature is high (e.g. 15 ℃), the hot water (high temperature heat source) temperature is low (e.g. 25 ℃), the evaporation pressure in the evaporator of the heat pump system is high (using R22 can reach more than 6 atm), the condensation pressure in the condenser is low (about 12atm), the pressure difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor is small, the compression ratio is small, the discharge temperature of the compressor is low, the working condition of the compressor is good, the refrigerating capacity is extremely strong, the heating capacity is extremely strong, and the energy efficiency ratio (the ratio of the heating power to the consumed power) reaches more than 7 times.
However, if the ambient temperature is low and the hot water temperature is high, the evaporation pressure of the evaporator of the heat pump system is low, the condensation pressure of the condenser is high, the pressure difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor is increased, the compression ratio is increased, the phenomena of heating power reduction, heating energy efficiency ratio reduction and compressor discharge temperature increase, which are two-low and one-high, are caused, and the working condition of the compressor is deteriorated.
Referring to table 1, according to data published by the U.S. brand compressor "valley wheel" manufacturer, the relationship between different evaporating temperatures, condensing temperatures, and motor suction power P and heating power (heating capacity) H for a ZW108KS three-phase scroll compressor using R22 refrigerant is as follows:
referring to the above table as the relationship between different evaporation temperatures, condensation temperatures, and motor suction power P and heating power (heating amount) H of the ZW108KS three-phase scroll compressor;
as can be seen from the table, under the condition that the evaporation temperature is 15 ℃ and the condensation temperature is 25 ℃, the compressor sucks the electric power 4435W and the heating quantity 47595W, and the heating efficiency is as high as 10.7 (the electric power of a water pump of a fan is still more than 7); however, the ZW108KS compressor sucks electric power 9825W and heating quantity 15858W under the conditions of evaporation temperature of-25 ℃ and condensation temperature of +65 ℃, and the heating efficiency is reduced to 1.61 (the electric power of a fan and a water pump is added is less than 1.3); compared with the previous working condition, the suction electric power of the compressor is increased by 121%, the heating capacity is reduced by 66.7%, the phenomena of two-low one-high of the reduction of the heating power, the reduction of the heating energy efficiency ratio and the increase of the exhaust temperature of the compressor occur, and the working condition of the compressor is seriously deteriorated. This is also laboratory data, and in an actual heating system, because of the on-way resistance of the evaporator and the condenser, the repeated reverse defrosting on the evaporator during the operation of the system, and other factors, the heating efficiency of the system is less than 1.3, which is close to the efficiency of direct heating by the resistance wire, and the high energy efficiency ratio and high economy of the heat pump are lost.
This is a corollary to heat pumps that operate with large temperature differences, large pressure differences, and high compression ratios between the condenser and the evaporator.
Therefore, the fundamental way to improve the energy efficiency ratio and the working condition of the heat pump system is to increase the evaporation pressure and reduce the condensation pressure, i.e. to raise the temperature of the low-temperature heat source as much as possible and to lower the temperature of the high-temperature heat source (heated medium) as much as possible.
According to the curing barn system, according to the heat pump heating operation theory, the moderate-temperature and low-temperature water outlet temperatures are adopted, so that the curing barn in the medium-temperature and low-temperature state can select the medium-temperature water outlet of the heat pump hot water production device with higher heating energy efficiency ratio, the problem that the energy is wasted because the low-temperature curing barn only uses low-heating energy efficiency ratio high-temperature hot water is solved, and the curing barn system has the advantages that:
1. with less and more heat pump product resources
The utility model adopts 5 heat pump hot water production devices which run in parallel as a common heat source module to output 2-path hot water with the temperature of 2, and serves a bulk curing barn system consisting of 10 curing barns, compared with the 'one-to-one' matching mode that one heat pump unit corresponds to one curing barn, the total heating capacity of the heat pump unit module is reduced by about 50%, the total cost of the heat pump unit is reduced by about 30%, and the heat pump product resources are greatly saved;
furthermore, the utility model can also add electric auxiliary heat at the air outlet of part of the fan coil of the baking room to supplement the heat supply capacity of the heat pump unit during the accidental occurrence of heavy-load drying production so as to deal with the accidental occurrence phenomena such as large-scale harvesting caused by continuous rainfall tobacco sudden impact.
2. Double-temperature hot water output and high energy efficiency
According to the utility model, 5 heat pump hot water production devices which run in parallel are adopted to output 2 paths of hot water with the temperature of 2, and the actually required heat is output through fan coil pipes distributed in 10 baking rooms according to different tobacco leaf baking process stages of each baking room, so that the dry and wet ball temperature of each baking room is established and maintained, and the individual heat requirement of each baking room is met;
the core index heating energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump unit is mainly determined by the heat pump unit circulation temperature difference (condensation temperature-evaporation temperature), the heating energy efficiency ratio is high when the circulation temperature difference is small, the heating energy efficiency ratio is low when the circulation temperature difference is large, and the heating energy efficiency ratio is reduced by about 25% when the circulation temperature difference of the steam compression heat pump unit is increased by 10 ℃; the baking room in 3 different baking process stages of yellowing, color fixing and tendon drying has large temperature difference of air dry balls in the room, and the temperature difference is respectively below 44 ℃, 54 and 68 ℃, the utility model adopts 2-path 2-temperature hot water output to respectively convey medium-temperature (about 56 ℃) and high-temperature (about 70 ℃) hot water produced by 5 heat pump units to each baking room in the yellowing, color fixing and tendon drying stages, overcomes the problem that the outlet water temperature of a condenser of a single large heat pump unit is high or low, protects the high energy efficiency of the medium-temperature (about 56 ℃) outlet water heat pump unit, and realizes the integral comprehensive heating high energy efficiency of the central heat pump water heat pump unit module consisting of 5 heat pump units;
3. the machine set is pushed up to improve the air exhaust and save the land
In a one-to-one matching mode that one heat pump unit corresponds to one curing barn, the heat pump unit is usually arranged on the ground behind the curing barn, and the air outlet of an outer heat exchanger of the heat pump is usually blocked by an enclosing wall, a soil protection slope or another row of intensive curing barn, so that the air outlet static pressure of the outer heat exchanger is increased, the air volume is reduced, and the ratio of heating capacity to heating energy efficiency is reduced;
4. the highest pressure point of the water circulating system is arranged at a water outlet of a circulating water pump, and the lowest pressure point is arranged at a suction inlet of the circulating water pump; the absolute pressure of the water body at the suction inlet of the circulating water pump is the sum of the water column pressure between the expansion water tank and the ambient atmospheric pressure at the suction inlet of the circulating water pump, and the water vapor saturation temperature corresponding to the absolute pressure at the point reaches more than 110 ℃ and is far higher than the water absorption temperature near 70 ℃ of the suction inlet of the water pump of the drying heat pump hot water unit, so that the cavitation phenomenon of the suction inlet of the circulating water pump is effectively prevented; the suction inlet of the circulating water pump is used as the lowest pressure point when the water circulating system operates, the water vapor saturation temperature corresponding to the lowest absolute pressure point is above 110 ℃, and the absolute pressure of water bodies at other points of the water circulating pipeline exceeds the suction inlet of the water pump used as the lowest pressure point of the water system, so that the possibility of cavitation at other points is completely avoided.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the utility model can be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Although embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is to be understood that the present invention should not be limited to those precise embodiments, and that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A device for preventing cavitation of a pump suction inlet of a heat pump water heater unit is characterized in that a water path of the heat pump water heater unit comprises a water tank, a circulating water pump, an outer pipe of a shell and tube heat exchanger and a fan coil assembly which are connected in a circulating manner, and is characterized in that an inner pipe of the shell and tube heat exchanger is also sequentially connected with a throttling device, an evaporator and a compressor to form a circulating channel for circulating a refrigerant; the device for preventing the cavitation erosion of the suction inlet of the heat pump hot water unit comprises an expansion water tank arranged at a high position, wherein the expansion water tank is connected to the suction inlet of the circulating water pump through a water pipe or is connected to a channel between the water tank and the circulating water pump.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a bracket, wherein the expansion tank is disposed on the bracket such that the expansion tank is higher than the water tank.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coil heat exchanger assembly comprises a plurality of fan coils connected in parallel.
4. A prevent roast room system of heat pump hot water unit pump suction inlet cavitation, its characterized in that includes:
the system comprises a plurality of baking rooms, a fan coil is arranged in each baking room, and wet air in the baking rooms is heated and heated through the fan coil;
the system comprises at least two water tanks, a heat pump unit and a control unit, wherein the water tanks are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and each water tank is provided with a group of heat pump units; the water outlet is respectively communicated with the fan coil in each baking room through a plurality of water inlet pipelines, the fan coil in each baking room is respectively communicated with the water inlet of the water tank through a water outlet pipeline to form a plurality of first heating water circulation channels, the heat pump unit is arranged at the water inlet or the water outlet of the water tank and used for heating water in the first heating water circulation channels, and a circulating water pump is arranged between the water outlet or the water outlet and the heat pump unit; a second heating water circulation channel is formed between each water tank and the corresponding heat pump unit; the first heating water circulation channel is provided with a first electromagnetic valve, and the second heating water circulation channel is provided with a second electromagnetic valve; the water in each water tank is heated to different temperatures, and the water tanks with the corresponding temperatures are selected for communication according to the temperature requirements in each curing barn;
and the expansion water tank is connected to a suction inlet of the circulating water pump through a water pipe.
5. The system of claim 4, further comprising a bracket, wherein the expansion tank is disposed on the bracket such that the expansion tank is higher than the water tank.
6. The system of claim 4, comprising two water tanks, a high temperature water tank and a medium temperature water tank, wherein a first heating water circulation channel is disposed between the high temperature water tank and each of the fan coils; and a second heating water circulation channel is also respectively arranged between the medium-temperature water tank and each fan coil.
7. The system of claim 4, further comprising three water tanks, namely a high temperature water tank, a medium temperature water tank, and a low temperature water tank, wherein a first heating water circulation channel is provided between the high temperature water tank and each of the fan coils, a second heating water circulation channel is provided between the medium temperature water tank and each of the fan coils, and a third heating water circulation channel is provided between the low temperature water tank and each of the fan coils.
8. The curing barn system for preventing the cavitation of the suction port of the heat pump hot water unit pump according to the claim 4, wherein the curing barn comprises a drying room and an equipment room, and a first ventilation opening and a second ventilation opening which are communicated are arranged between the drying room and the equipment room;
the fan coil is arranged in the equipment room, a fan is also arranged in the equipment room, and a moisture exhaust port and an air supply port are also arranged on the equipment room;
under the action of the fan, wet air in the drying room enters the equipment room from the first ventilation opening, a part of wet air is discharged out of the baking room from the moisture discharge opening, and a part of wet air is mixed with fresh air from the air supply opening, heated by the fan coil and then conveyed back to the drying room from the second ventilation opening.
9. The curing barn system for preventing the cavitation of the suction port of the heat pump hot water unit according to the claim 4, wherein each set of the heat pump unit comprises at least one heat pump hot water production device;
the heat pump hot water production device comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator which are sequentially connected and form a refrigerant cycle;
wherein the external air flows through the evaporator;
the condenser adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises an inner tube for refrigerant to flow through and an outer tube sleeved on the inner tube, and the outer tube is communicated with the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet of the water tank.
10. The curing barn system for preventing the cavitation of the suction port of the heat pump hot water unit according to the claim 9, wherein each set of the heat pump unit comprises a plurality of heat pump hot water production devices, and the plurality of heat pump hot water production devices are arranged in parallel.
11. The system of claim 4, wherein a plurality of said curing barn are arranged next to one another in a row; the water tank, the heat pump unit are arranged, and the expansion water tank is arranged at the top of the curing barn.
12. The curing barn system for preventing the cavitation of the suction port of the heat pump hot water unit as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a control device connected to each of the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve for controlling the on/off of the water path of the fan coil.
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| CN111197915A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-26 | 上海伯涵热能科技有限公司 | Device for preventing cavitation of pump suction inlet of heat pump water heater unit and curing barn system |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111197915A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-26 | 上海伯涵热能科技有限公司 | Device for preventing cavitation of pump suction inlet of heat pump water heater unit and curing barn system |
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