CN215759075U - Ecological building block and ecological bank protection - Google Patents

Abstract

An ecological building block comprises a building block monomer; the single building block body is in a regular hexagon shape, and a cavity which is communicated up and down is arranged in the middle of the single building block body; the building block monomer is provided with a concave-convex matched self-locking structure; the self-locking structure comprises a first lug and a second lug; the adjacent building block monomers are mutually clamped and connected through the first convex block and the second convex block. The ecological slope protection comprises a plurality of layers of ecological building blocks, wherein each layer of ecological building block is formed by mutually clamping a row of building block monomers. Utilize first lug, second lug to form the stable mosaic structure of auto-lock, not only can increase the area of contact between the adjacent building block monomer, increased ecological building block's whole steadiness. The vegetation is planted in the cavity of each block, the grip of the plant root system is utilized to enhance the slip resistance of the ecological block, and a good visual landscape effect can be formed. Ecological bank protection piles up the slope by the ecological building block of multilayer and sets up, and the layering of groove is planted in the prominent, saves bank slope space to a certain extent, reinforcing view and ecological effect.

Description

Ecological building block and ecological bank protection

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of slope protection, in particular to an ecological building block and an ecological slope protection.

Background

Ecological bank protection is the development trend and the requirement of present stage and future, and ecological building block is an important form in ecological bank protection. At present, the regular hexagonal hollow blocks are most applied to slope protection, when the regular hexagonal hollow blocks are laid, all sides are laid in a mutual contact mode and are overlapped to form, and the overall stability is not high. Therefore, the connection mode that the existing regular hexagon hollow blocks are mutually contacted and laid is not only not durable, but also has low safety and troublesome construction, so that the traditional ecological blocks need to be transformed urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The ecological building blocks are mutually clamped and connected through opposite concave-convex structures to form a spliced self-locking structure, so that the contact area is increased, the stability of the ecological building blocks is enhanced, the ecological slope protection is formed by stacking multiple layers of ecological building blocks, vegetation is planted in the building blocks, the slip resistance of the building blocks can be enhanced by utilizing the gripping force of plant roots, and a good visual landscape effect can be formed.

According to one aspect of the utility model, an ecological block is provided, which comprises a block monomer;

the building block single body is in a regular hexagon shape, and the middle part of the building block single body is provided with a cavity which is communicated up and down and is used as a planting groove; the building block monomer comprises six side walls which are a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall, a fourth side wall, a fifth side wall and a sixth side wall in sequence, wherein the first side wall is opposite to the fourth side wall, the second side wall is opposite to the fifth side wall, and the third side wall is opposite to the sixth side wall;

the building block single body is provided with a concave-convex matched self-locking structure; the self-locking structure comprises a first lug and a second lug, the first lug is arranged on the outer wall of the first side wall, and the second lug is arranged on the outer wall of the fourth side wall; a first concave space is formed beside the first convex block of the first side wall, and a second concave space is formed beside the second convex block of the fourth side wall; the first bump is matched with the second concave space, and the second bump is matched with the first concave space;

and the adjacent building block monomers are mutually clamped and connected through the first lug and the second lug.

Furthermore, the first lug, the second lug and the building block monomer are of an integral structure.

Further, the first bump is arranged on one side of the first side wall close to the second side wall; the second bump is arranged on one side of the fourth side wall close to the fifth side wall.

Furthermore, the first bump comprises a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side edge, a second side edge and a third side edge, wherein the top surface and the bottom surface are positioned on the same plane as the top surface of the single block, and the bottom surface of the single block are positioned on the same plane, which can be both a plane and a slope surface inclined downwards;

the first side face of the first bump and the outer side face of the second side wall are located on the same plane.

Furthermore, the second side edge and the third side edge of the first bump are matched with the outline of the outer side wall of the second concave space;

the second bump side wall profile is matched with the outer side wall profile of the first concave space.

When the side edges of the first convex block and the second convex block are both flat surfaces, the second side edge and the third side edge are perpendicular to each other, namely, the first convex block and the second convex block are both right-angled trapezoids, and then the corresponding second concave space and the corresponding first concave space are also matched right-angled trapezoids;

when the side edges of the first lug and the second lug are in sawtooth shapes and wave-shaped patterns, even irregular shapes, the corresponding second concave space and the first concave space are also in matched shapes.

Furthermore, the adjacent building block single bodies are mutually clamped and connected through the first convex blocks and the second convex blocks.

Furthermore, the top surfaces of the single building blocks are all flat surfaces.

Furthermore, the top surfaces of the fifth side wall and the sixth side wall of the single block body are planes, the first side wall, the second side wall, the third side wall and the fourth side wall are slopes inclining downwards towards the center of the single block body, and grooves facing the center of the single block body are formed in the slopes.

Further, a first limiting hole is formed in a first side wall of the single block body, a second limiting hole is formed in a fourth side wall of the single block body, and the limiting holes are used for accommodating limiting plates;

the first limiting hole is long-strip-shaped and is parallel to the sixth side wall;

the second limiting hole is long-strip-shaped and is parallel to the fifth side wall;

the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are the same in shape and size.

Furthermore, the limiting plate is of an integrated structure comprising a limiting plate main body and a limiting plate head, the limiting plate main body is matched with the first limiting hole, and the limiting plate head is located at the top of the limiting plate main body and plays a role in limiting and decorating.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ecological slope protection, including: each layer of ecological building blocks is formed by mutually clamping a row of building block monomers;

in the adjacent two layers of ecological blocks, the second side wall of the ecological block positioned on the upper layer is arranged above the sixth side wall of the ecological block positioned on the lower layer, and the first side wall of the ecological block positioned on the upper layer is arranged above the fifth side wall of the ecological block positioned on the lower layer.

Furthermore, a cement mortar layer is laid between the ecological building blocks on two adjacent sides.

Furthermore, a second side wall of the ecological building block positioned on the upper layer is abutted against a limiting plate positioned in the first limiting hole; the first side wall of the ecological building block on the upper layer is abutted to the limiting plate in the second limiting hole.

Further, the soil-working cloth, the mud stone layer and the gravel cushion layer are also included;

the geotextile is laid on the surface of the side slope;

the mud stone layer is positioned in a gap between the mud stone layer and the geotextile and fixedly supports the stacked ecological building blocks;

the gravel cushion layer is positioned at the toe of the side slope and plays a role in supporting and fixing the ecological slope protection.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the first lug and the second lug are arranged on the outer walls of the opposite side walls of the single building blocks, the concave-convex correspondence between the first lug and the second lug is utilized on one side of the joint of the adjacent building block single bodies to form a self-locking stable splicing structure, and the splicing connection mode not only can increase the contact area between the adjacent building block single bodies and increase the overall stability of the ecological building block.

And the middle part of each building block monomer is provided with a cavity which is communicated up and down and can be used as a planting groove, vegetation is planted in the building blocks, the grip of plant roots can be utilized to enhance the slip resistance of the ecological building blocks, and a good visual landscape effect can be formed.

The building block single body is provided with two limiting holes and prefabricated matched limiting plates, when ecological building blocks are laid from a lower layer to an upper layer, when the ecological building blocks of the lower layer are laid, the ecological building blocks of the upper layer can be conveniently positioned, the laying time is saved, and the construction work efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the head of the limiting plate can be designed into devices with different profiles or different shapes, so that interestingness is increased.

The ecological slope protection is formed by stacking and inclining multiple layers of ecological building blocks, the layering of the planting grooves is highlighted, bank slope space is saved to a certain extent, and landscape and ecological effects are enhanced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a single block of the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a single block in the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a single block body;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the joining of the ecological block single-layer body in the first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an ecological block stacking structure in the first embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an ecological block stacking structure in the first embodiment;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of an ecological slope protection structure in the first embodiment;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the stack structure of ecological blocks in the third embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a stop plate;

fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the stacking structure of ecological blocks without the insertion of the limiting plate in the third embodiment;

fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a stacking structure of ecological blocks when a limiting plate is inserted in the third embodiment.

In the figure: 1-block single body, 101-first side wall, 102-second side wall, 103-third side wall, 104-fourth side wall, 105-fifth side wall, 106-sixth side wall, 107-cavity, 2-first lug, 201-first side edge, 202-second side edge, 203-third side edge, 3-second lug, 4-first concave space, 5-second concave space, 6-cement mortar layer, 7-geotextile, 8-mud stone layer, 9-gravel cushion layer, 10-first limiting hole, 11-second limiting hole, 12-limiting plate, 1201-limiting plate main body and 1202-limiting plate head.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

in the embodiment, the ecological building block comprises a building block single body 1; referring to fig. 1 to 5, the block unit 1 is in a regular hexagon shape, and the block unit 1 includes six sidewalls, which are a first sidewall 101, a second sidewall 102, a third sidewall 103, a fourth sidewall 104, a fifth sidewall 105, and a sixth sidewall 106, respectively, in sequence, wherein the first sidewall 101 is opposite to the fourth sidewall 104, the second sidewall 102 is opposite to the fifth sidewall 105, and the third sidewall 103 is opposite to the sixth sidewall 106; a cavity 107 which is communicated up and down is arranged in the middle of the single block and is used as a planting groove;

wherein, the single block body 1 is provided with a self-locking structure matched with the concave and convex; referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the self-locking structure includes a first protrusion 2 and a second protrusion 3, the first protrusion 2 is disposed on an outer wall of the first sidewall 101, and the second protrusion 3 is disposed on an outer wall of the fourth sidewall 104; a first concave space 4 is formed beside the first convex block of the first side wall 101, and a second concave space 5 is formed beside the second convex block of the fourth side wall 104; the first projection 2 is matched with the second concave space 5, and the second projection 3 is matched with the first concave space 4.

The first lug 2, the second lug 3 and the single building block 1 are of an integral structure. The first bump 2 is arranged on one side of the first side wall 101 close to the second side wall 102; the second bump 3 is disposed on a side of the fourth sidewall 104 close to the fifth sidewall 105.

In this embodiment, the first bump 2 includes a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side 201, a second side 202, and a third side 203, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the top surface and the bottom surface are located on the same plane as the top surface of the single block, and the bottom surface of the single block are located on the same plane, which are both planes; the first side surface 201 of the first bump and the outer side surface of the second side wall are located on the same plane. In this embodiment, the second side edge and the third side edge of the first bump are matched with the outer side wall profile of the second concave space; the second bump side wall profile is matched with the outer side wall profile of the first concave space. It should be noted that, in the single block body, the first projection and the second projection are both of an integral prefabricated structure with the single block body, and the structure of the first projection is shown in the figure for clarity, and the purpose of highlighting the structure side is achieved by means of a dotted line representation, which does not represent that the first projection and the single block body are separated from each other.

When the sides of the first bump and the second bump are both planes, the second side and the third side are perpendicular to each other, that is, the first bump and the second bump are both right-angled trapezoids, and the corresponding second concave space and the first concave space are also matched right-angled trapezoids. In practical applications, the shape and the outer contour of the first protrusion and the second protrusion are not limited to the right trapezoid, and may be implemented as long as the shapes and the structures of the first protrusion and the second protrusion correspond to each other, for example, when the side edges of the first protrusion and the second protrusion are in a sawtooth shape and a wavy shape, and even when the first protrusion and the second protrusion are in an irregular shape, the corresponding second concave space and the corresponding first concave space are also in a matching shape.

Therefore, the adjacent single blocks 1 are clamped with each other through the first lug 2 and the second lug 3, see fig. 6.

The top surfaces of the single building blocks are all flat surfaces. When ecological building block piles up or deposits, it is all comparatively convenient.

In the single block body in the embodiment, the side length of the regular hexagonal main body is 300mm, the thickness of each side wall is 80mm, and the height of the single block body is 150 mm. The cross sections of the first lug and the second lug are both right-angled trapezoids, the thicknesses of the first lug and the second lug are both 40mm, the length of the short side of the first lug is 127mm, the length of the short side of the second lug is 150mm, and the first lug and the second lug are in self-locking engagement. The self-locking of the ecological building block is realized through a self-locking structure corresponding to the concave-convex parts on the two opposite sides of the building block, and the width of the convex part of each convex block is more than or equal to 40mm, so that the occlusion capacity of the ecological building block is ensured.

The ecological building block in this embodiment can be used for the construction of ecological bank protection, and its simple structure, safety are convenient for construct.

In this embodiment, ecological bank protection includes: each layer of ecological building blocks is formed by mutually clamping a row of building block monomers; referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the adjacent two layers of ecological blocks, the second side wall 102 of the ecological block positioned on the upper layer is positioned above the sixth side wall 106 of the ecological block positioned on the lower layer, and the first side wall 101 of the ecological block positioned on the upper layer is positioned above the fifth side wall 105 of the ecological block positioned on the lower layer. Pile up like this, can expose the free cavity of building block, do not influence planting and the maintenance of green planting in the cavity.

When constructing as ecological bank protection, ecological building block adopts the mode of piling up the emission, refer to figure, 7, 9. A cement mortar layer 6 is laid between the ecological blocks at two adjacent sides, namely, the ecological blocks at the upper layer and the ecological blocks at the lower layer are built by cement mortar, and the strength of the cement mortar is more than or equal to M10.

In order to increase the firm connection between two adjacent layers of building blocks.

In this embodiment, the ecological slope protection further comprises geotextile 7, a mud stone layer 8 and a broken stone cushion layer 9; referring to fig. 9, a graded broken stone cushion layer is laid under the first layer of ecological blocks from bottom to top to play a role in supporting and fixing the ecological slope protection, and the thickness H of the cushion layer is determined according to the geological conditions of the site; geotextile is laid under the ecological building blocks, and mud-filled stones are filled between the geotextile and the ecological building blocks. The geotextile is laid on the surface of the side slope, namely short-filament geotextile or short-fiber geotextile, and is a water-permeable geosynthetic material formed by needling or weaving synthetic fibers. The finished product is cloth-shaped, generally 1-6 m in width and 50-100 m in length. The short-filament geotextile has a good mechanical function, good water permeability, corrosion resistance, ageing resistance, functions of isolation, reverse filtration, drainage, protection, stabilization, reinforcement and the like, can adapt to uneven base layers, can resist external damage caused by construction, creep and shrink, and can still keep the original function under long-term load. The mud adds the space of stone layer position between and geotechnological cloth, and the ecological building block of the fixed support piling up the settlement.

The self-locking ecological building block in the embodiment can realize self-locking through self interlocking, the overall stability of the ecological building block is enhanced, the self-locking ecological building block is simultaneously suitable for ecological slope protection, different vegetation can be planted in the hollow planting groove as required, the current situation of a hard bank slope is improved, a green river bank effect is built, and the method for treating the bank slope integrating bank slope safety, greening landscape and ecology is provided. The opposite edges of the building block monomers are provided with the first convex blocks and the second convex blocks which correspond to each other in a concave-convex mode, self-locking is achieved, the self-locking structure is designed to be expanded outwards, the contact area of the upper ecological building block layer and the lower ecological building block layer is increased, and the overall stability is improved; the cavity is arranged in the building block monomer and is used as a planting groove, so that various vegetations can be planted; the single-layer ecological building blocks formed by splicing the building block monomers can be stacked, so that the bank slope space is saved to a certain extent, and the landscape and ecological effects are enhanced; the ecological building blocks can be arranged in combination with a plurality of retaining wall types such as a soil slope, a wood pile retaining wall, a stone masonry retaining wall and the like; the planting area of the planting groove in the ecological building block can be adjusted according to the needs, but the requirements of safety and stability are met; the ecological building block of the ecological block in this embodiment can be used to newly-built barricade, also can be used to old barricade transformation, simple structure, safety, and ecological landscape is effectual, is convenient for be under construction.

The second embodiment is as follows: the top surface of the fifth side wall and the sixth side wall of the building block is a plane, the first side wall, the second side wall, the third side wall and the fourth side wall are slopes inclining downwards towards the center of the building block, grooves towards the center of the building block are formed in the slopes, water on the side walls can enter the cavity to plant the grooves when green planting is carried out in the irrigation building block, and the grooves on the slopes of the grooves can serve as patterns to enhance attractiveness.

The third concrete embodiment: a first limiting hole 10 is formed in the first side wall of the single block body, a second limiting hole 11 is formed in the fourth side wall of the single block body, and a limiting plate 12 is arranged in the limiting hole; the first limiting hole is long-strip-shaped and is parallel to the sixth side wall; the second limiting hole is long and parallel to the fifth side wall; the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are the same in shape and size.

The limiting plate 12 is an integrated structure including a limiting plate main body 1201 and a limiting plate head 1202, the limiting plate main body is matched with the first limiting hole, and the limiting plate head is located at the top of the limiting plate main body and plays a role in limiting and decorating. In this embodiment, the limiting plate head sets to fan-shaped sheet structure, and wherein, limiting plate head width is greater than the width of limiting plate main part for behind limiting plate hidden pillar and the spacing hole, the head of limiting plate shows outside the building block monomer, plays and decorates pleasing to the eye effect. The head of the limiting plate can be designed into device objects with different profiles or different shapes, so that interestingness is increased.

Two limiting holes and prefabricated matched limiting plates are arranged on the building block single body, when ecological building blocks are laid from a lower layer to an upper layer, when the ecological building blocks of the lower layer are laid, the ecological building blocks of the upper layer can be conveniently positioned, the laying time is saved, and the construction working efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the head of the limiting plate can be designed into devices with different profiles or different shapes, so that interestingness is increased.

In the ecological slope protection formed by the single building blocks in the embodiment, the second side wall of the ecological building block positioned on the upper layer is abutted against the limiting plate positioned in the first limiting hole; the first side wall of the ecological building block on the upper layer is abutted to the limiting plate in the second limiting hole.

The ecological building blocks in the above embodiments all have the following advantages: the first lug, the second lug that set up at the outer wall of the free relative lateral wall of building block, on the one side that meets the department at adjacent building block monomer, utilize the unsmooth correspondence of matcing each other between first lug, the second lug, form the stable mosaic structure of auto-lock, this kind of concatenation connected mode not only can increase the area of contact between the adjacent building block monomer, has increased ecological building block's whole steadiness.

The cavity that link up from top to bottom is provided with in the free middle part of every building block, can regard as planting the groove, plants the vegetation in the building block, not only can utilize plant roots's the grip strength reinforcing ecological building block's cling compound power, can form good visual landscape effect moreover.

Ecological bank protection piles up the slope by the ecological building block of multilayer and sets up, and the layering of groove is planted in the prominent, saves bank slope space to a certain extent, reinforcing view and ecological effect.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological building block, its characterized in that: comprises a single block;

the single building block body is in a regular hexagon shape, and a cavity which is communicated up and down is arranged in the middle of the single building block body; the building block monomer comprises six side walls which are respectively a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall, a fourth side wall, a fifth side wall and a sixth side wall in sequence;

the building block single body is provided with a concave-convex matched self-locking structure; the self-locking structure comprises a first lug and a second lug, the first lug is arranged on the outer wall of the first side wall, and the second lug is arranged on the outer wall of the fourth side wall; a first concave space is formed beside the first convex block of the first side wall, and a second concave space is formed beside the second convex block of the fourth side wall; the first bump is matched with the second concave space, and the second bump is matched with the first concave space;

and the adjacent building block monomers are mutually clamped and connected through the first lug and the second lug.

2. The ecological block of claim 1, wherein: the first lug, the second lug and the building block monomer are of an integral structure;

the first bump is arranged on one side of the first side wall close to the second side wall; the second bump is arranged on one side of the fourth side wall close to the fifth side wall.

3. The ecological block of claim 2, wherein: the first bump comprises a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side edge, a second side edge and a third side edge, wherein the top surface, the bottom surface and the top surface of the single block body are positioned on the same plane, and the bottom surface of the single block body are positioned on the same plane;

the first side face of the first bump and the outer side face of the second side wall are positioned on the same plane;

the second side edge and the third side edge of the first bump are matched with the outline of the outer side wall of the second concave space;

the second bump side wall profile is matched with the outer side wall profile of the first concave space.

4. The ecological block of claim 1, wherein: the top surface of the single block body is a plane.

5. The ecological block of claim 1, wherein: the top surfaces of the fifth side wall and the sixth side wall of the single block body are planes, the first side wall, the second side wall, the third side wall and the fourth side wall are slopes inclining downwards towards the center of the single block body, and grooves facing the center of the single block body are formed in the slopes.

6. The ecological block of claim 5, wherein: a first limiting hole is formed in the first side wall of the single block body, a second limiting hole is formed in the fourth side wall of the single block body, and the limiting holes are used for accommodating limiting plates;

the first limiting hole is long-strip-shaped and is parallel to the sixth side wall;

the second limiting hole is long-strip-shaped and is parallel to the fifth side wall;

the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are the same in shape and size;

the limiting plate is of an integrated structure comprising a limiting plate main body and a limiting plate head, the limiting plate main body is matched with the first limiting hole, and the limiting plate head is located at the top of the limiting plate main body.

7. An ecological bank protection, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of layers of ecological blocks as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein each layer of ecological blocks is formed by mutually clamping a row of block monomers;

in the adjacent two layers of ecological blocks, the second side wall of the ecological block positioned on the upper layer is arranged above the sixth side wall of the ecological block positioned on the lower layer, and the first side wall of the ecological block positioned on the upper layer is arranged above the fifth side wall of the ecological block positioned on the lower layer.

8. The ecological slope protection of claim 7, wherein: and a cement mortar layer is laid between the two adjacent layers of the ecological building blocks.

9. The ecological slope protection of claim 7, wherein: the second side wall of the ecological building block positioned on the upper layer is abutted to the limiting plate positioned in the first limiting hole; the first side wall of the ecological building block on the upper layer is abutted to the limiting plate in the second limiting hole.

10. The ecological slope protection of claim 7, wherein: the soil-working cloth, the mud stone layer and the broken stone cushion layer are also included;

the geotextile is laid on the surface of the side slope;

the mud stone layer is positioned in a gap between the mud stone layer and the geotextile;

the gravel cushion layer is positioned at the slope foot of the side slope and used for supporting and fixing the ecological slope protection.

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