CN215720424U

CN215720424U - Variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure

Info

Publication number: CN215720424U
Application number: CN202122220570.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢显亮; 刘现允; 刘庆超; 汪庆港
Original assignee: Shandong Wanshida Special Purpose Vehicle Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Wanshida Special Purpose Vehicle Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-14
Filing date: 2021-09-14
Publication date: 2022-02-01
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure which comprises a first plate spring group and a second plate spring group, wherein the first plate spring group and the second plate spring group are mutually stacked and connected through a central bolt; the first reed set comprises at least one first reed; the second spring set comprises at least one second spring. According to the variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure, only the first spring set is stressed in no-load, and the two spring sets are stressed simultaneously in heavy load, so that the rigidity of the plate spring is changed and the plate spring is adaptive to light and heavy loads; the ride comfort of the empty vehicle is ensured, jolting of the vehicle caused by overlarge rigidity of the plate spring is prevented, and the bearing capacity of the heavy load is ensured; the two ends of the first reed are provided with a straight section, so that the contact area between the leaf spring and the suspension can be enlarged during no-load and heavy load, and the service life of the suspension is ensured. The first reed is provided with a groove, and the second reed is matched with the first reed when the first reed is adapted to heavy load, so that the first reed does not move back and forth or move left and right in the operation process. Is worthy of large-area popularization and application.

Description

Variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile plate springs, in particular to a variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure.

Background

Leaf springs are the primary resilient elements in automotive chassis suspension systems and resiliently connect the frame to the axle. The plate spring is mainly used on off-road vehicles, pickup trucks, minivans, buses and trucks, and has the main task of transmitting all forces and moments acting between wheels and a frame, relieving impact load on uneven road surfaces and attenuating system vibration caused by the impact load. With the continuous development and progress of the automobile industry, the improvement of the riding comfort of the automobile is a main trend of future development.

When the plate spring is installed in the automobile suspension and the borne vertical load is positive, each spring piece is stressed and deformed and tends to be arched upwards. At this point, the axle and frame are brought closer together. When the axle and the frame are far away from each other, the positive vertical load and deformation borne by the plate spring are gradually reduced and sometimes even reversed.

In order to improve the strength of the leaf spring, a combination of a plurality of leaf springs closely adhered to each other is generally used. For example, in the prior art, the structure of 3 leaf springs is adopted, manufacturers increase the rigidity of the leaf spring material to ensure the strength (no fracture) of the leaf spring, and in addition, 3 closely-attached leaf springs have higher rigidity, so that the vehicle can bump greatly in an empty running state in the running process of the vehicle. Meanwhile, the rigidity of the plate spring material is high, so that the plate spring is in rigid friction with the suspension when going up and down, and the suspension system is damaged.

In addition, in the prior art, the plate spring is usually in a circular arc structure at two ends, the contact area of a fulcrum is small, rigid friction is performed with the suspension when going up and down, and the suspension system is easily damaged; and the defects of high failure rate, damage to a lower disk system and the like exist.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure.

The utility model provides the following scheme:

a variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure comprises a first leaf spring group and a second leaf spring group which are mutually overlapped and connected through a central bolt;

the first reed set comprises at least one first reed; the second reed set comprises at least one second reed;

wherein the length of the first spring is greater than the length of the second spring; and two ends of the second reed form a buffer gap with the adjacent first reed under the no-load state of the vehicle, and the two ends of the second reed are in matched contact with the adjacent first reed under the heavy-load state of the vehicle.

Preferably: and two ends of the first reed form a straight section which is used for realizing contact with the suspension mechanism.

Preferably: the first spring plate group comprises at least two first spring plates, the two first spring plates are overlapped with each other, and the two first spring plates are abutted by the respective opposite surfaces.

Preferably: the first spring plate adjacent to the second spring plate is provided with a groove, and the groove is used for accommodating at least one part of the second spring plate under the heavy load state of the vehicle.

Preferably: the first reed and the second reed are both made of steel plates.

Preferably: the width directions of the two ends of the first reed and the second reed form a chamfer structure.

Preferably: the chamfer structure comprises any one of a round chamfer and a trapezoidal chamfer.

According to the specific embodiment provided by the utility model, the utility model discloses the following technical effects:

according to the utility model, a variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure can be realized, and in an implementation mode, the structure can comprise a first plate spring group and a second plate spring group which are stacked and connected through a central bolt; the first reed set comprises at least one first reed; the second reed set comprises at least one second reed; wherein the length of the first spring is greater than the length of the second spring; and two ends of the second reed form a buffer gap with the adjacent first reed under the no-load state of the vehicle, and the two ends of the second reed are in matched contact with the adjacent first reed under the heavy-load state of the vehicle. According to the variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure, only the first spring set is stressed in no-load, and the two spring sets are stressed simultaneously in heavy load, so that the rigidity of the plate spring is changed and the plate spring is adaptive to light and heavy loads; the ride comfort of the empty vehicle is ensured, jolting of the vehicle caused by overlarge rigidity of the plate spring is prevented, and the bearing capacity of the heavy load is ensured; the two ends of the first reed are provided with a straight section, so that the contact area between the leaf spring and the suspension can be enlarged during no-load and heavy load, and the service life of the suspension is ensured. The first reed is provided with a groove, and the second reed is matched with the first reed when the first reed is adapted to heavy load, so that the first reed does not move back and forth or move left and right in the operation process. Is worthy of large-area popularization and application.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the utility model is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a variable-stiffness composite leaf spring structure in an unloaded state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure in an unloaded state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure in a heavy load condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a top view of a variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure under a heavy load condition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: the spring assembly comprises a first spring set 1, a first spring 11, a straight section 111, a groove 112, a second spring set 2, a second spring 21, a center bolt 3 and a buffer gap 4.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, may include a first leaf spring group 1 and a second leaf spring group 2 stacked on each other and connected by a central bolt 3;

the first reed group 1 comprises at least one first reed 11; the second reed group 2 comprises at least one second reed 21;

wherein the length of the first spring plate 11 is greater than that of the second spring plate 21; the two ends of the second spring plate 21 form a buffer gap 4 with the first spring plate 11 adjacent to the second spring plate in the no-load state of the vehicle, and the two ends of the second spring plate 21 are in fit contact with the first spring plate 11 adjacent to the second spring plate in the heavy-load state of the vehicle.

The variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure provided by the embodiment of the application adopts the arrangement mode of the multiple groups of the reed groups, so that only reeds of the first reed group are stressed in the no-load state of a vehicle, and reeds of the two groups of the reed groups can be stressed in the heavy-load state of the vehicle, and the rigidity change of the plate spring is realized. The ride comfort when the empty vehicle runs is ensured, jolting of the vehicle when the vehicle is in no load caused by overlarge rigidity of the plate spring is prevented, and the bearing capacity when the vehicle is in heavy load is also ensured.

It can be understood that the central bolt can sequentially penetrate through all the reeds and fix all the reeds, and the positions, through which the central bolt penetrates, of all the reeds can be made into straight line segments, so that part of all the reeds can be in full contact, and the stability after connection is further guaranteed.

Because the traditional plate spring and the part connected with the suspension are both in arc structures at two ends, the contact area of the fulcrum is small, and the plate spring and the suspension are subjected to rigid friction when going up and down a slope, so that a suspension system is damaged. To solve this problem, the embodiment of the present application may provide that both ends of the first spring plate 11 form a flat section 111, and the flat section 111 is used for contacting with the suspension mechanism. The two ends of the first reed are provided with a straight section, so that the contact area between the leaf spring and the suspension can be enlarged during no-load and heavy load, and the service life of the suspension is ensured.

It can be understood that first reed and second reed that this application provided can be the whole reed that is curved, for example, each segmentation of first reed is connected and is formed the trend that whole arc changes, and the one end of first reed can include straightway, segmental arc, straightway, segmental arc and straightway respectively to the other end. The first reed can be integrally formed into an arc-shaped structure through two arc line segments. The second reed can adopt the structures of an arc segment, a straight segment and an arc segment, and the radian of the arc segment of the second reed is smaller than that of the arc segment of the first reed under the non-stressed state, so that the two ends of the second reed are not in contact with the adjacent first reed when the vehicle is in the no-load state. Meanwhile, when the vehicle is heavily loaded, the radian of the first spring plate is reduced and the first spring plate is descended to be in contact with the second spring plate.

In practical application, the number of reeds contained in each reed group can be selected according to the self weight of a vehicle to which the leaf spring structure is applied and the weight of the whole vehicle after heavy loading. The number of the reeds contained in each reed group can be increased selectively when the self weight of the vehicle and the weight of the whole vehicle after heavy load are large. The application is not limited in detail as to the specific number of individual leaves. For example, in one implementation, the first spring sheet set may include at least two first spring sheets, and the two first spring sheets are stacked on each other and abut against respective opposite surfaces. When first reed group contains two and above quantity first reeds, in order to guarantee the stability when this leaf spring structure uses, need make the first reed of multi-disc in close contact with each other, like this through central bolt fastening back, can guarantee that first reed group forms stable overall structure.

The second reed that the second reed group that this application embodiment provided contained is under vehicle no-load state, and the both ends of second reed all do not all contact with adjacent first reed, form the buffering clearance, like this when the vehicle is no-load, only each reed atress of first reed group has reduced the holistic rigidity of leaf spring structure, appears jolting when can effectual mode vehicle is no-load. After the vehicle is loaded with goods, the body of the vehicle can descend by a certain height, so that the reed of the first reed group is deformed and is contacted with the second reed. In order to ensure that the contact part of the second spring plate and the adjacent first spring plate does not move after being stressed, the embodiment of the application can provide that the first spring plate 11 adjacent to the second spring plate 21 is formed with a groove 112, and the groove 112 is used for accommodating at least one part of the second spring plate 21 in a heavy-load state of the vehicle. The first reed is provided with a groove, and the second reed is matched with the first reed when the first reed is adapted to heavy load, so that the first reed does not move back and forth or move left and right in the operation process.

In practical applications, the material of the first spring and the second spring can be selected in various ways, for example, in an implementation manner, the material of the first spring and the material of the second spring can be both steel plates. In order to facilitate installation and use, in the embodiment of the present application, a chamfer structure may be formed in a width direction of each of two ends of the first spring piece and the second spring piece. Specifically, the chamfer structure comprises any one of a round chamfer and a trapezoidal chamfer.

The scheme provided by the embodiment of the application is explained in detail by taking the fact that the light-weight tank truck uses three leaf spring pieces to control the weight of the whole truck and using the structure to reduce the cost of later maintenance as an example.

The variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure comprises a first leaf spring and a second leaf spring which are long, the third leaf spring is short, the end parts of the first two leaf springs are subjected to forging straight section treatment, the contact area between the plate spring and a suspension can be enlarged during no-load and heavy load, and the service life of the suspension is ensured; when the vehicle is in no-load, the two ends of the third plate and the second plate are provided with buffer gaps, so that only two plate springs are stressed when the vehicle is in no-load, the rigidity of the plate springs is reduced, the bumping degree of an empty vehicle is reduced, and the driving comfort is improved; during heavy load, the second plate is in matched contact with the third plate, so that the full-load strength of the plate spring and the play range of the third plate spring are guaranteed.

The structure form of combining three sheets, namely two sheets are equal in length and one sheet is short, a no-load and heavy-load buffer gap is reserved between the two sheets and the one sheet, and the matching contact between the plate springs is carried out during the pressurizing contact, so that the strength of the plate spring is increased, and the plate spring is prevented from moving; the two end parts of the plate spring are provided with straight sections, so that the contact area between the plate spring and the suspension is increased after installation, and the friction stress is reduced; the short degree is selected from round chamfer, trapezoidal chamfer and other similar variable structures.

In a word, the variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure provided by the application only bears the force of the first spring set in a no-load state, and two spring sets bear the force simultaneously in a heavy load state, so that the rigidity of the plate spring is changed to adapt to light and heavy loads; the ride comfort of the empty vehicle is ensured, jolting of the vehicle caused by overlarge rigidity of the plate spring is prevented, and the bearing capacity of the heavy load is ensured; the two ends of the first reed are provided with a straight section, so that the contact area between the leaf spring and the suspension can be enlarged during no-load and heavy load, and the service life of the suspension is ensured. The first reed is provided with a groove, and the second reed is matched with the first reed when the first reed is adapted to heavy load, so that the first reed does not move back and forth or move left and right in the operation process. Is worthy of large-area popularization and application.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable-rigidity composite plate spring structure is characterized by comprising a first plate spring group and a second plate spring group which are mutually stacked and connected through a central bolt;

2. The variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure of claim 1 wherein the first leaf has two ends forming a flat section for making contact with a suspension mechanism.

3. The variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure of claim 1 wherein the first set of leaf springs comprises at least two first leaf springs that are stacked upon each other with their respective opposing surfaces abutting.

4. The variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure of claim 1, wherein the first leaf adjacent the second leaf is formed with a groove for receiving at least a portion of the second leaf under heavy vehicle loading.

5. The variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure of claim 1, wherein the first leaf and the second leaf are both steel plates.

6. The variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure of claim 1, wherein the width direction of each of the first leaf and the second leaf forms a chamfered structure.

7. The variable stiffness composite leaf spring structure of claim 6 wherein the chamfer structure comprises any one of a rounded chamfer and a trapezoidal chamfer.