CN215718788U - Supporting construction of large deformation tunnel - Google Patents
Supporting construction of large deformation tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN215718788U CN215718788U CN202121441231.8U CN202121441231U CN215718788U CN 215718788 U CN215718788 U CN 215718788U CN 202121441231 U CN202121441231 U CN 202121441231U CN 215718788 U CN215718788 U CN 215718788U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a supporting structure of a large-deformation tunnel, which comprises primary sprayed steel fiber concrete, secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete, a prestressed anchor rod, a large-deformation prestressed anchor cable and a contractible arch frame; the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete is formed on the excavation section of the cavern, the secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete is formed on the inner side of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete, prestressed anchor rods are arranged on the surface of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete at intervals, the prestressed anchor rods penetrate out of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete into the surrounding rock, one end of the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable is arranged in the secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete, and the other end of the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable penetrates out of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete into the surrounding rock; the multiple-spraying steel fiber concrete is provided with a plurality of reserved cavities along the circumferential direction of the large-deformation tunnel, and the reserved cavities divide the multiple-spraying steel fiber concrete into multiple sections. The utility model utilizes the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable anchored in the deep part to apply strong active supporting force to the supporting and protecting ring, controls the integral deformation of the surrounding rock and realizes the supporting safety and deformation control.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction engineering, and particularly relates to a supporting structure of a large-deformation tunnel, which is suitable for primary and permanent supporting of the high-ground-stress large-deformation tunnel.
Background
With the increasing construction of various infrastructures in vast regions of China, deep-buried long and large tunnel projects which pass through high ground stress areas and have severe engineering geological environments emerge continuously in recent years, high and steep side slopes and rock foundation projects excavated under complex geological conditions emerge endlessly, and the problems of high side slope instability, tunnel large deformation and rock burst under high ground stress conditions are increasingly highlighted, such as a brocade secondary power station underground workshop, a black-green tunnel on a lanneo railway line, and a partridge tunnel on a 318 line in the Sizhou province. The problem of large deformation disaster in the underground chamber construction process is obvious, and the construction and operation safety of the underground chamber is seriously endangered. In the typical large-deformation tunnel engineering at home and abroad at present, the support parameters in the large-deformation tunnel far exceed the recommended values specified by the specifications, and the 'strong support hard roof' becomes the main technical means of the disposal measures of the large-deformation tunnel at present, but finally, the ideal treatment effect is not achieved, and the problems of instability of the support structure, cracking and breakage of the lining and the like are still outstanding.
The reasonable supporting means can meet the requirement of timely and strong supporting to control the plastic zone range of the surrounding rock, and has certain large deformation capacity to release the stress of the surrounding rock, so that the safety of the supporting structure is ensured.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a supporting structure of a large-deformation tunnel aiming at the defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a supporting construction of big deformation tunnel which characterized in that: the supporting structure of the large-deformation tunnel comprises primary sprayed steel fiber concrete, secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete, a prestressed anchor rod, a large-deformation prestressed anchor cable and a contractible arch frame; the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete is formed on the excavation section of the cavern, the secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete is formed on the inner side of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete, prestressed anchor rods are arranged on the surface of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete at intervals, the prestressed anchor rods penetrate out of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete into the surrounding rock, one end of the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable is arranged in the secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete, and the other end of the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable penetrates out of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete into the surrounding rock;
the multiple-spraying steel fiber concrete is provided with a plurality of reserved cavities along the circumferential direction of the large-deformation tunnel, and the reserved cavities divide the multiple-spraying steel fiber concrete into multiple sections.
While adopting the technical scheme, the utility model can also adopt or combine the following technical scheme:
as a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the thickness of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete is not less than 10 cm.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the thickness of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete is not less than 20 cm.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: and a foam block and/or a wood block are arranged in the reserved cavity.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the flexible arch comprises a plurality of sections of arc-shaped steel arches and a joint arranged between and connecting the arc-shaped steel arches, wherein the joint is provided with a plurality of clamping cables, and the arc-shaped steel arches can slide in the clamping cables.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the joint is arranged in a reserved cavity of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the prestressed anchor rod adopts a shell-expanding type mechanical anchoring type or resin roll anchoring type or quick-hardening cement roll anchoring type low prestressed anchor rod.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the anchoring distance of the prestressed anchor rods is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the anchor rods, and the row spacing is 4-6 m.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable is a constant-resistance sliding yielding anchor cable with large deformation capacity, 4-6 cross sections are provided, and the row spacing is 4-6 m.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the contractible arch center adopts high-strength steel.
The utility model provides a supporting structure of a large-deformation tunnel, which utilizes an arch frame formed by high-strength steel, high-strength, quick-setting and quick-hardening steel fiber concrete sprayed in layers and intensive short prestressed anchor rods to form an initial subsection on an excavation surface and quickly support surrounding rocks, so that the resistance of a loose circle of the surrounding rocks is gradually improved, and the surrounding rocks form a closed supporting and protecting ring together; reserving a cavity in the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete to form a weak line for the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete, and forming a supporting structure with a large deformation function together with the flexible arch center; when the stress reaches a set value, the steel fiber concrete weak line is subjected to compression deformation or even local damage through re-spraying, and the arc steel arch in the flexible arch slides in the joint to release surrounding rock deformation and supporting structure stress, so that the supporting structure is protected from overall damage and failure due to over-standard stress intensity. While the deformation and bracing structure stresses can be limited to a reasonable range by the width of the line of weakness and the designed amount of sliding of the joint. Compared with the reserved deformation groove which is arranged in a penetrating way, the arrangement of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete weak line can keep the integrity of sprayed concrete to a certain degree and improve the supporting effect of the sprayed concrete; the position of the reserved cavity of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete is positioned in a joint of the flexible arch and a certain range in front of and behind the joint, so that the compression deformation area of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete and the sliding deformation area of the flexible arch are positioned at the same position, and the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete and the flexible arch are kept as an integral structure to the maximum extent in the sliding deformation process; the joint is in an open state, so that the influence of concrete sprayed on the part on the sliding effect of the structure can be reduced, the reliability and the stability of the deformation of the flexible arch centering can be improved, and meanwhile, the sliding state can be observed by naked eyes in the sliding process, so that the construction safety early warning reliability in the deformation process of the rock mass can be improved; and strong active supporting force is applied to the supporting and protecting ring by utilizing the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable anchored at the deep part, the integral deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled, and the final aims of supporting safety and deformation control are fulfilled.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a supporting structure of a large deformation tunnel according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a side view of the bolting.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the cable bolt support.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of the yieldable arch.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in the figure, the supporting structure of the large-deformation tunnel comprises a primary sprayed steel fiber concrete 1, a contractible arch frame 6, a secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete 2, a prestressed anchor rod 3 and a large-deformation prestressed anchor cable 5. The strong-strong support is formed by spraying steel fiber concrete, steel arch frames and anchor rods (cables), and meanwhile, by utilizing the contractibility of the arch frames and the large deformation capacity of the steel fiber concrete and the prestressed anchor cables, when the stress of the support structure reaches a set value, the stress is relieved by deformation and increased, the stress of surrounding rocks is released, and the safety of the support body structure is guaranteed.
The primary spraying steel fiber concrete 1 is applied in time after the excavation section of the cavern is formed, the thickness is not less than 10cm, and the spraying range comprises a cavern top, two side walls and a bottom plate. The steel fiber concrete 1 for initial spraying is high-strength, quick-setting and quick-hardening concrete.
The yieldable arch 6 is formed by connecting a plurality of arc-shaped steel arches 601 via joints. The steel arch frame is made of high-strength steel, so that the space between the arch frames can be properly increased under the condition of the same supporting strength, and the construction efficiency of the arch frames is accelerated. The joint is provided with a plurality of clamping cables 602, and certain frictional resistance is generated between the steel arch frames through the clamping cables 602 so as to realize slippage after the steel arch frames are stressed to a preset value.
The re-sprayed steel fiber concrete 2 reserves a cavity 4 in the joint of the flexible arch 6 and a certain range in front of and behind the joint, so that a weak line is formed at the position of the joint. The thickness of the re-sprayed large-deformation steel fiber concrete 2 is generally not less than 20cm, the steel arch 6 can be completely covered, and a proper protection thickness is reserved. The re-sprayed steel fiber concrete 2 is high-strength, quick-setting and quick-hardening concrete.
The prestressed anchor rods 3 adopt low prestressed anchor rods such as expanding shell type mechanical anchoring, resin roll anchoring type and rapid hardening cement roll anchoring type, the anchoring distance is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the anchor rod, the rejection is 4-6 m, and the arch frame rejection is taken as a modulus and is arranged at the arrangement position of the arch frame 6.
The large-deformation prestressed anchor cable 5 adopts a yielding anchor cable with constant-resistance slippage and large deformation capacity, 4-6 pieces of displacement is arranged on each section, 4-6 m of displacement is taken, and the displacement of the arch frame 6 is taken as a modulus and is arranged between two arch frames. The corresponding grade can be properly reduced or the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable 5 can be cancelled according to the stress and the deformation degree of the surrounding rock.
Specifically, the supporting structure of the large deformation tunnel is realized by the following modes:
(1) completing tunnel excavation (one blasting cycle) by a drilling and blasting method;
(2) the thickness of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete 1 is not less than 10 cm;
(3) erecting a steel arch 6, and placing occupying materials such as foam blocks, wood blocks and the like in the reserved concrete spraying cavity part 4;
(4) the thickness of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete 2 is not less than 20 cm;
(5) drilling holes on the surface of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete 2 according to the designed interval, installing prestressed anchor rods 3 and applying prestress;
(6) and repeating the steps until the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable 5 is reinforced, drilling, installing the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable 5, and applying prestress.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a supporting construction of big deformation tunnel which characterized in that: the supporting structure of the large-deformation tunnel comprises primary sprayed steel fiber concrete, secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete, a prestressed anchor rod, a large-deformation prestressed anchor cable and a contractible arch frame; the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete is formed on the excavation section of the cavern, the secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete is formed on the inner side of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete, prestressed anchor rods are arranged on the surface of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete at intervals, the prestressed anchor rods penetrate out of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete into the surrounding rock, one end of the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable is arranged in the secondary sprayed steel fiber concrete, and the other end of the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable penetrates out of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete into the surrounding rock;
the multiple-spraying steel fiber concrete is provided with a plurality of reserved cavities along the circumferential direction of the large-deformation tunnel, and the reserved cavities divide the multiple-spraying steel fiber concrete into multiple sections.
2. The supporting structure of large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the primary sprayed steel fiber concrete is not less than 10 cm.
3. The supporting structure of large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete is not less than 20 cm.
4. The supporting structure of large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a foam block and/or a wood block are arranged in the reserved cavity.
5. The supporting structure of large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flexible arch comprises a plurality of sections of arc-shaped steel arches and a joint arranged between and connecting the arc-shaped steel arches, wherein the joint is provided with a plurality of clamping cables, and the arc-shaped steel arches can slide in the clamping cables.
6. The supporting structure of large deformation tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: the joint is arranged in a reserved cavity of the re-sprayed steel fiber concrete.
7. The supporting structure of large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the prestressed anchor rod adopts a shell-expanding type mechanical anchoring type or resin roll anchoring type or quick-hardening cement roll anchoring type low prestressed anchor rod.
8. The supporting structure of a large deformation tunnel according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: the anchoring distance of the prestressed anchor rods is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the anchor rods, and the row spacing is 4-6 m.
9. The supporting structure of large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the large-deformation prestressed anchor cable is a constant-resistance sliding yielding anchor cable with large deformation capacity, 4-6 cross sections are provided, and the row spacing is 4-6 m.
10. The supporting structure of large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the contractible arch center adopts high-strength steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121441231.8U CN215718788U (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Supporting construction of large deformation tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121441231.8U CN215718788U (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Supporting construction of large deformation tunnel |
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| CN215718788U true CN215718788U (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116205139A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-06-02 | 西南交通大学 | Support selection method and system based on surrounding rock and support structure mechanical characteristics |
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2021
- 2021-06-28 CN CN202121441231.8U patent/CN215718788U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116205139A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-06-02 | 西南交通大学 | Support selection method and system based on surrounding rock and support structure mechanical characteristics |
| CN116205139B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-08-18 | 西南交通大学 | Support selection method and system based on surrounding rock and support structure mechanical characteristics |
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