CN215713433U - System for preparing aluminum alloy - Google Patents
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- CN215713433U CN215713433U CN202122335107.XU CN202122335107U CN215713433U CN 215713433 U CN215713433 U CN 215713433U CN 202122335107 U CN202122335107 U CN 202122335107U CN 215713433 U CN215713433 U CN 215713433U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for preparing aluminum alloy, wherein a multifunctional reaction tank is respectively communicated with an ammonia gas absorption system and a filter, the filter is respectively communicated with an evaporative crystallization device and a two-section drying and calcining split furnace, the two-section drying and calcining split furnace is communicated with an aluminum electrolytic cell, a certain proportion of aluminum alloy regenerated ash, a catalyst and water are rapidly stirred in the multifunctional reaction tank, ammonia gas enters an ammonia gas absorption system, material slurry after denitrification enters the filter to be filtered to obtain filtrate and denitrification material, the filtrate enters the evaporative crystallization device to be recycled into salt again, and the denitrification material enters the two-section drying and calcining split furnace to be calcined, and then the aluminum alloy is prepared in the aluminum electrolytic cell through electrolysis. The ammonia water produced in the production process can be used for desulfurization and denitrification, the salts are recycled in an evaporative crystallization mode, and no waste slag or waste gas is produced in the whole process; all valuable elements in the aluminum alloy regenerated ash are recycled in an alloy form, so that high-value resource utilization is realized, and the production cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, in particular to a system for preparing aluminum alloy.
Background
The preparation of the aluminum alloy comprises various methods such as a melting and matching method (namely a blending method), a molten salt electrolysis method and the like. The melting and matching method is that after pure metal is melted, the pure metal is prepared into intermediate alloy according to a certain proportion, and then the intermediate alloy and the metal are prepared into target alloy with required components. The melting and matching method is a main method for producing aluminum alloy at present. The melting and matching method can randomly mix raw material compositions according to target alloy components, but the method for producing the aluminum alloy has the main problems that: the remelting of the metal can increase the energy consumption, the cost is high, secondary environmental pollution and melting loss are easy to form, the grain segregation in the preparation process is serious, various performances of the aluminum alloy are influenced, and the production cost is high.
The molten salt electrolysis method takes metal compounds as raw materials, prepares the aluminum alloy by the molten salt electrolysis codeposition method, has the advantages of uniform components of the produced aluminum alloy, small segregation amount, high utilization rate of alloy elements, low overall energy consumption and low production cost, and is an important method for preparing the aluminum alloy with low cost, large scale and high quality. At present, the aluminum alloy prepared by molten salt electrolysis mainly takes binary and ternary alloys as main raw materials, and the raw materials for producing the alloys are high-purity alumina and other metal oxides to produce aluminum-based binary or ternary aluminum alloys.
The aluminum alloy regeneration ash is a product in the processes of raw aluminum production, aluminum processing, aluminum alloy production and the like, and aluminum alloy ash is generated in the process of regenerating waste aluminum. The phase and occurrence of the aluminum alloy regeneration ash are complex, the separation cost is high, and the comprehensive utilization is difficult. The content of metal elements such as Fe, Cu, Mg, Zn, Mn and the like and Si in the aluminum alloy regeneration ash is high and can reach 10-15%, and the aluminum alloy regeneration ash has high recycling value and can be used as a raw material for producing aluminum alloy.
A large amount of aluminum alloy regenerated ash is generated in China every year. According to statistics, 100-200kg of aluminum alloy regeneration ash can be generated when 1 ton of aluminum alloy is produced by adopting waste aluminum, and the aluminum alloy can be obtained in 2020 in ChinaThe regeneration amount reaches about 740 ten thousand tons, the annual production of the aluminum alloy regenerated ash is about 70-150 ten thousand tons, and the trend of increasing year by year is shown. Through analysis, the main components and the mass percentage contents of the aluminum alloy regeneration ash are Al (10-50%), AlN (10-20%), and Al2O3(30-50%), NaCl (5-10%), KCl (3-7%), other metals and their oxides (Fe, Cu, Mg, Zn, Mn, Si, etc.), fluorides, etc. A large amount of aluminum alloy regeneration ash is accumulated in a factory or is randomly discarded to a slag discharge site, and AlN in the regeneration ash can generate NH when meeting water3Chlorine salt and fluorine salt can infiltrate into soil to cause serious damage and pollution to ecology and environment, and metal elements such as Fe, Cu, Mg, Zn, Mn and the like and Si element resources in the aluminum alloy regeneration ash cannot be utilized and are wasted.
The patent with the publication of CN1769536A discloses a method for preparing aluminum alloy by adopting an alumina-compound-cryolite molten salt electrolysis method. Aluminum alloy is obtained by adding compounds such as aluminum oxide, titanium compound, zirconium dioxide and the like into an aluminum electrolytic cell, electrolyzing in an electrolyte of a cryolite system, and then adding alloy elements to produce standard-grade aluminum alloy. The raw materials used in the utility model are pure alumina and compounds, and the required alloy elements still need to be added when producing the standard grade aluminum alloy, and the defect is that the requirement on the raw materials is high, and the raw materials are all high-purity oxides and can only be used for producing binary or ternary aluminum alloy. Elements such as titanium, zirconium and the like are easy to segregate when being combined with aluminum, and the segregation is serious when the content of titanium exceeds 2 percent. The patent with the publication of CN103993335A discloses a device and a method for directly preparing aluminum alloy by molten salt electrolysis-casting, which are characterized in that an electrolysis device and a casting system are combined for on-line detection, a specific mother alloy is adopted as a cathode, the electrolysis temperature is controlled in real time, and an electric potential is monitored on line to manufacture aluminum alloy cast ingots with specific brands. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy needs the specific master alloy as a cathode, and also needs a special production device and an online monitoring system, so that the whole production process is complex, and the cost is increased. Patent with publication of grant CN105274346A discloses a recycling process of aluminum ash, which directly carries out size mixing pretreatment on aluminum ash and water, then carries out pressurized water leaching in a pressurized reaction kettle to remove AlN and chlorine salt, and then carries out high-temperature roasting to produce alumina. The patent with the publication of grant CN107555447A discloses a method for harmless comprehensive utilization of aluminum ash, which comprises the steps of pulping secondary aluminum ash after pretreatment of the aluminum ash, stirring, denitrifying and defluorinating, and using the obtained solid phase after solid-liquid separation to produce calcium aluminate material. The patent with the publication of grant CN106399693A discloses a method for comprehensive treatment and utilization of aluminum ash, which is to prepare alumina powder by pretreating and separating metal aluminum and alumina particles from the aluminum ash, and then carrying out water or dilute acid leaching, washing, filtering, drying and other process technologies on the separated secondary aluminum ash. Chinese patent No. CN10169396B discloses a method for directly recycling aluminum and aluminum alloy ash in electrolytic production, which cools the aluminum ash generated in the melting process and then directly returns to the electrolytic cell to produce the original aluminum for recycling.
The prior arts disclosed in CN105274346A, CN107555447A and CN106399693A mainly produce products related to extraction of alumina by harmless treatment of aluminum alloy regenerated ash, and the essence is to extract alumina in the aluminum alloy regenerated ash by various means, and do not consider utilization of metal elements such as Fe, Cu, Mg, Zn, Mn and the like and Si element in the aluminum ash, and do not relate to a process for producing aluminum alloy by using the aluminum ash. The method disclosed at present has the disadvantages of complex process flow, serious pollution, high cost and low product value.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a system for preparing aluminum alloy, which has the following problems that the stockpiling and disposal of aluminum alloy regenerated ash can not only cause environmental pollution, but also cause the waste of various valuable elements such as Fe, Cu, Mg, Zn, Mn, Si and the like, the process is complex, and the treatment cost is high.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following solutions:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a system for preparing aluminum alloy, which comprises a multifunctional reaction tank, wherein aluminum alloy regenerated ash, a catalyst and water in a certain proportion are quickly stirred in the multifunctional reaction tank for a certain time to obtain ammonia gas and denitrified material slurry, the multifunctional reaction tank is respectively communicated with an ammonia gas absorption system and a filter, the ammonia gas enters the ammonia gas absorption system, the denitrified material slurry enters the filter to be filtered to obtain filtrate and denitrified materials, the filter is respectively communicated with an evaporative crystallization device and a two-section drying and calcining split furnace, the filtrate enters the evaporative crystallization device to be recycled into salts again, the denitrified materials enter the two-section drying and calcining split furnace to be calcined to obtain high-alumina-content polymetallic oxide, the two-section drying and calcining split furnace is communicated with an aluminum electrolysis bath, and the high-alumina-content polymetallic oxide and alumina are mixed in the aluminum electrolysis bath to prepare aluminum by electrolysis And (3) alloying.
Preferably, the ammonia gas absorption system comprises a multi-stage spraying ammonia gas absorption tower, and the ammonia gas enters the multi-stage spraying ammonia gas absorption tower to prepare high-concentration ammonia water.
Preferably, the multifunctional reaction tank further comprises a water storage device, a catalyst storage tank and an aluminum alloy regeneration ash bin which are communicated with the multifunctional reaction tank.
Preferably, the liquid-solid ratio of the aluminum alloy regenerated ash to the water is 1-10, and the dosage of the catalyst is 1-5%.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy regenerated ash, the catalyst and water are stirred in the multifunctional reaction tank for 0-300min at the temperature of 0-90 ℃.
Preferably, the multifunctional reaction tank is internally provided with an electromagnetic paddle, and the paddle removes magnetic substances in the aluminum regeneration ash in the rotating process.
Preferably, the denitrification material enters the two-section drying and calcining split furnace for calcining, the denitrification material is dried in a drying bin at the temperature of 100-300 ℃, and enters a calcining bin for calcining at the temperature of 600-9000 ℃, and the calcining temperature is 1 second-60 minutes.
Preferably, the high-alumina-content multi-metal oxide and alumina are mixed in the aluminum electrolysis cell for electrolysis to prepare the aluminum alloy, and the electrolysis temperature is 960-1050 ℃.
Preferably, the concentration of the high-concentration ammonia water is 15-20%.
The scheme of the utility model at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
in the above-mentioned scheme, the first step of the method,
(1) the system takes all or part of high-alumina-content multi-metal oxide obtained by treating the aluminum alloy regenerated ash as a raw material to directly produce an aluminum alloy product by using a molten salt electrolysis method, and performs mixing ratio blending of the high-alumina-content multi-metal oxide and metallurgical-grade aluminum oxide according to the raw material components and the target alloy product to produce aluminum alloy products with different brands; can carry out the blending of the multi-metal oxide with high alumina content and the alumina with any proportion according to the raw material components and the required target alloy components, has convenient operation and better production flexibility
(2) The system realizes that the aluminum alloy is produced by taking the aluminum alloy regenerated ash as a raw material, ammonia water generated in the production process can be used for desulfurization and denitrification, salts are recycled in an evaporative crystallization mode, and no waste slag or waste gas is generated in the whole process;
(3) all valuable elements in the aluminum alloy regenerated ash are recycled in an alloy form, the alloy regenerated ash belongs to a multi-metal oxide with high aluminum oxide content, and the alloy regenerated ash contains metal elements such as Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni and the like and Si elements required by production of a target grade aluminum alloy, so that high-value resource utilization of the aluminum alloy regenerated ash is realized, and the production cost of the aluminum alloy can be reduced;
(4) the method can be carried out on aluminum electrolysis cells with different capacities, and the aluminum alloy can be produced by properly adjusting the aluminum electrolysis technological parameters without newly constructing new production equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for producing an aluminum alloy of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. a water storage device; 2. a catalyst storage tank; 3. an aluminum alloy regeneration ash bin; 4. a multifunctional reaction tank; 5. a multi-stage spraying ammonia absorption tower; 6. a filter; 7. an evaporative crystallization device; 8. a two-section drying and calcining split furnace; 9. an aluminum electrolysis cell.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a system for preparing aluminum alloy, comprising a multifunctional reaction tank 4, a certain proportion of aluminum alloy regenerated ash, the catalyst and water are quickly stirred for a certain time in a multifunctional reaction tank 4 to obtain ammonia gas and denitrified material slurry, the multifunctional reaction tank 4 is respectively communicated with an ammonia gas absorption system and a filter 6, the ammonia gas enters the ammonia gas absorption system, the denitrified material slurry enters the filter 6 to be filtered to obtain filtrate and denitrified material, the filter 6 is respectively communicated with an evaporative crystallization device 7 and a two-section drying and calcining split furnace 8, the filtrate enters the evaporative crystallization device 7 to be recovered into salts, the denitrified material enters the two-section drying and calcining split furnace 8 to be calcined to obtain polymetallic oxide with high alumina content, the two-section drying and calcining split furnace 8 is communicated with an aluminum electrolytic cell 9, and the polymetallic oxide with high alumina content and alumina are mixed in the aluminum electrolytic cell 9 to prepare aluminum alloy through electrolysis.
In the system of the embodiment, the high-alumina-content multi-metal oxide obtained by treating the aluminum alloy regenerated ash is completely or partially used as a raw material to directly produce an aluminum alloy product by using a molten salt electrolysis method, and the mixing ratio of the high-alumina-content multi-metal oxide and the metallurgical-grade aluminum oxide is adjusted according to the raw material components and the target alloy product to produce aluminum alloy products of different brands. The system of the embodiment realizes the production of the aluminum alloy by taking the aluminum alloy regenerated ash as a raw material, ammonia water generated in the production process can be used for desulfurization and denitrification, salts are recycled again in an evaporative crystallization mode, and no waste slag or waste gas is generated in the whole process; the aluminum alloy regeneration ash belongs to a multi-metal oxide with high aluminum oxide content, and valuable elements such as Fe, Si, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ti and the like in the aluminum alloy ash enter the aluminum alloy through molten salt electrolysis eutectoid reduction and are effectively recovered; ca, Mg and the like in the aluminum alloy ash are converted into CaF2And MgF2As electricityThe effective utilization of the electrolyte additive; the aluminum alloy regeneration ash contains metal elements such as Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni and the like and Si elements required by production of a target grade aluminum alloy, so that high-value resource utilization of the aluminum alloy regeneration ash is realized, and the production cost of the aluminum alloy can be reduced; in the production process of the aluminum alloy, the multi-metal oxide with high alumina content and the alumina can be doped according to the raw material components and the required target alloy components in any proportion, the operation is convenient, and the production flexibility is good; the method can be carried out on aluminum electrolysis cells 9 with different capacities, and the aluminum alloy can be produced by properly adjusting the aluminum electrolysis technological parameters without newly constructing new production equipment.
The ammonia absorption system of this embodiment includes multistage spray ammonia absorption tower 5, and the ammonia gets into and prepares the aqueous ammonia of high concentration in multistage spray ammonia absorption tower 5. The concentration of the high-concentration ammonia water is 15-20%.
Electromagnetic blades are arranged in the multifunctional reaction tank 4, and magnetic substances (Fe, FeSi powder and the like) in the aluminum regeneration ash are removed in the rotation process of the blades. The multifunctional reaction tank 4 further comprises a water storage device 1, a catalyst storage tank 2 and an aluminum alloy regeneration ash bin 3 which are communicated with the multifunctional reaction tank 4. The water storage device 1 is preferably a water storage tank or a water reservoir. The catalyst can be any one or combination of more of aluminum fluoride, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. The liquid-solid ratio of the aluminum alloy regeneration ash to water is 1-10, and the dosage of the catalyst is 1-5%. The aluminum alloy regenerated ash and water are stirred in the multifunctional reaction tank 4 for 0-300min at the temperature of 0-90 ℃.
The denitrogenation material of this embodiment enters two-stage drying and calcining split furnace 8 to calcine, the furnace body is divided into drying chamber and calcining chamber, dry the material with calcining the waste heat, the material after drying is sent to the calcining interval denitrogenation material and dried in drying chamber under the condition of 100 plus materials 300 deg.C, enter calcining chamber and calcine under 600 plus materials 9000 deg.C, the calcining temperature is 1 second-60 minutes.
The multi-metal oxide with high alumina content and alumina of the embodiment are mixed in the aluminum electrolytic cell 9 to prepare the aluminum alloy by electrolysis at the electrolysis temperature of 960-.
The working process of the system for preparing the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
adding water in a water storage device 1, a catalyst in a catalyst storage tank 2 and aluminum alloy regenerated ash in an aluminum alloy regenerated ash bin 3 into a multifunctional reaction tank 4 according to a liquid-solid ratio of 1-10 and a catalyst dosage of 1-5%, rapidly stirring for 0-300min at a temperature of 0-90 ℃ to fully remove aluminum nitride in the aluminum alloy regenerated ash, allowing ammonia gas generated in the reaction process to enter a multistage spraying ammonia gas absorption tower 5 through a pipeline, and absorbing to prepare high-concentration ammonia water with a concentration of 15-20% to obtain a denitrified material; the denitrified material slurry enters a filter 6 for separation to obtain filtrate and denitrified materials; the filtrate enters an evaporative crystallization device 7 through a pipeline and is recycled into salts again; the denitrogenation material enters the two-section drying and calcining split furnace 8, the denitrogenation material is firstly dried in a drying bin at the temperature of 100-; the high alumina content polymetallic oxide obtained after calcination is mixed with alumina in a certain proportion and then added into an aluminum electrolytic cell 9, and the aluminum alloy is prepared by electrolysis at the electrolysis temperature of 960-1050 ℃.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The system for preparing the aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising a multifunctional reaction tank, wherein aluminum alloy regenerated ash, a catalyst and water in a certain proportion are quickly stirred for a certain time in the multifunctional reaction tank to obtain ammonia gas and denitrified material slurry, the multifunctional reaction tank is respectively communicated with an ammonia gas absorption system and a filter, the ammonia gas enters the ammonia gas absorption system, the denitrified material slurry enters the filter to be filtered to obtain filtrate and denitrified materials, the filter is respectively communicated with an evaporative crystallization device and a two-section drying and calcining split furnace, the filtrate enters the evaporative crystallization device to be recycled into salts again, the denitrified materials enter the two-section drying and calcining split furnace to be calcined to obtain high-alumina-content polymetallic oxide, the two-section drying and calcining split furnace is communicated with an aluminum electrolytic cell, and the high-alumina-content polymetallic oxide and aluminum oxide are mixed in the aluminum electrolytic cell to prepare aluminum by electrolysis And (3) alloying.
2. The system for preparing the aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia gas absorption system comprises a multi-stage spraying ammonia gas absorption tower, and the ammonia gas enters the multi-stage spraying ammonia gas absorption tower to prepare high-concentration ammonia water.
3. The system for preparing aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the multifunctional reaction tank further comprises a water storage device, a catalyst storage tank and an aluminum alloy regeneration ash bin which are communicated with the multifunctional reaction tank.
4. The system for preparing the aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein the liquid-solid ratio of the aluminum alloy regeneration ash to the water is 1-10, and the catalyst is used in an amount of 1-5%.
5. The system for preparing the aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy regenerated ash, the catalyst and the water are stirred in the multifunctional reaction tank for 0-300min at the temperature of 0-90 ℃.
6. The system for preparing the aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional reaction tank is internally provided with an electromagnetic paddle, and the electromagnetic paddle removes magnetic substances in aluminum regeneration ash during rotation.
7. The system for preparing aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein the denitrogenation material enters the two-stage dry-calcination split furnace for calcination, the denitrogenation material is dried in a dry bin at 100-300 ℃, and enters a calcination bin for calcination at 600-9000 ℃, and the calcination temperature is 1 second-60 minutes.
8. The system for preparing the aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein the high-alumina-content multi-metal oxide is mixed with alumina to prepare the aluminum alloy by electrolysis in the aluminum electrolysis cell at the electrolysis temperature of 960-1050 ℃.
9. The system for manufacturing an aluminum alloy according to claim 2, wherein the high-concentration aqueous ammonia has a concentration of 15 to 20%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115351046A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-11-18 | 瀚蓝环境股份有限公司 | Aluminum ash harmless and recycling treatment system and operation regulation and control method |
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2021
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115351046A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-11-18 | 瀚蓝环境股份有限公司 | Aluminum ash harmless and recycling treatment system and operation regulation and control method |
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