CN215677126U

CN215677126U - Composite multifunctional sensing device for building Internet of things

Info

Publication number: CN215677126U
Application number: CN202121336245.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周亮; 王洪飞; 魏昕; 高赟
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Priority date: 2021-06-16
Filing date: 2021-06-16
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite multifunctional sensing device for a building Internet of things, which comprises a signal acquisition module, a data processing module, a data transmission module and a power supply, wherein the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a signal; the power supply is respectively connected with the signal acquisition module, the data processing module and the data transmission module to supply power to the data processing module and the data transmission module; the signal acquisition module comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, an illumination sensor, an air quality sensor and an infrared array sensor; the data processing module is used for analyzing the current environment to obtain the temperature and humidity, the light intensity, the air quality and the number of people in the current room and transmitting the analysis result to the data transmission module; and the data transmission module is used for receiving the analysis result and transmitting the analysis result to the cloud. The utility model simultaneously collects indoor temperature and humidity, illumination intensity, air quality and number of people, realizes integration of multiple functions of the sensing device and effectively reduces the quantity of sensors arranged in a building.

Description

Composite multifunctional sensing device for building Internet of things

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of Internet of things, and particularly relates to a composite multifunctional sensing device for a building Internet of things.

Background

In recent years, with the maturity and gradual application of the internet of things, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and digital twin technologies, green, safe and intelligent buildings are no longer far away and become a big trend for future development. However, in the related theory, technical development and application process of the current internet-of-things equipment-enabled building, a series of problems still face, and intensive research and practical exploration needs to be performed, which specifically include the following difficulties and pain points:

firstly, the internet of things in the building space has a lot of devices, the facilities are scattered and lack of relevance, and efficient management, operation and maintenance are difficult to perform. The sensing device is the most important foundation stone of the Internet of things of the building, and if the sensing device (sensor) is not borne, the intelligent extension and expansion of the building can be laid everywhere. The problems that various sensors (such as temperature and humidity sensors, illumination sensors, noise sensors and the like) are arranged in the existing building space and are too scattered exist, the generated data formats are not uniform, and a chimney-type design and management mode is still adopted, so that an information isolated island is easily formed; meanwhile, the later-stage operation and maintenance of the Internet of things equipment are more difficult, and the possibility of system failure is greatly improved. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the number of the devices of the internet of things on the premise of not changing the existing data acquisition mode of the internet of things and meeting the function realization is the current primary problem.

Secondly, in a typical application scene (such as a conference room, a workshop and a report hall) in a building, a refined number detection device is lacked, and the indoor number information is difficult to realize accurate measurement on the premise of protecting privacy. The development of the building internet of things is centered on people, indoor space facility resources can be flexibly and reasonably utilized by monitoring the number of people indoors, and standardization and fine management are realized. For example, the automatic power-off function is realized by judging whether a conference room is used by a person, and the energy consumption cost can be greatly saved for tap enterprises with hundreds of conference rooms. However, the current indoor people counting product is mainly realized based on a camera, which is not only expensive, but also cannot protect the privacy of indoor people. Therefore, how to realize the non-invasive people number detection with high precision, low cost and low time delay on the premise of protecting the privacy of indoor personnel is also the key point for improving the resource utilization efficiency of the building internet of things.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a composite multifunctional sensing device for the Internet of things of buildings, simultaneously collects indoor temperature and humidity, illumination intensity, air quality and number of people, realizes integration of multiple functions of the sensing device, and effectively reduces the number of sensors in the buildings.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a composite multifunctional sensing device for a building Internet of things, which comprises a signal acquisition module, a data processing module, a data transmission module and a power supply, wherein the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a signal; the power supply is respectively connected with the signal acquisition module, the data processing module and the data transmission module and supplies power to the signal acquisition module, the data processing module and the data transmission module;

the signal acquisition module comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, an illumination sensor, an air quality sensor and an infrared array sensor;

the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring indoor temperature and humidity and generating signals representing the current temperature and humidity;

the illumination sensor is used for monitoring indoor light intensity and generating a signal representing the current light intensity;

the air quality sensor is used for monitoring the indoor air quality and generating a signal representing the current air quality;

the infrared array sensor is used for monitoring human body infrared radiation intensity array data when a person passes through the detection area and generating a signal representing the current human body infrared radiation intensity array data;

the data processing module is used for receiving signals representing current temperature and humidity, light intensity, air quality and human body infrared radiation intensity array data, analyzing the current environment to obtain the current temperature and humidity, light intensity, air quality and number of people in the room, and transmitting the analysis result to the data transmission module;

and the data transmission module is used for receiving the analysis result and transmitting the analysis result to the cloud.

Optionally, the temperature and humidity sensor, the illumination sensor and the air quality sensor are in communication with the data processing module through an I2C bus.

Optionally, the power supply includes an input power VCC and an AMS1117 buck chip, and the input power VCC outputs a 3.3V voltage after being stepped down by the AMS1117 buck chip.

Optionally, the illumination sensor is a BH1750 chip.

Optionally, the temperature and humidity sensor is a BME280 chip.

Optionally, the air quality sensor adopts a CCS811 chip.

Optionally, the data processing module adopts an ESP8266 chip.

Optionally, the data transmission module adopts a WIFI serial port communication module in an ESP8266 chip.

Optionally, the infrared array quantity sensor is in communication with the data processing module through an I2C bus.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1) according to the utility model, a plurality of sensors are integrated in one circuit, the device can simultaneously acquire the temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and infrared radiation intensity distribution (accurately deducing the number of people) of a region, and transmits data with external communication by using a WIFI communication protocol. The sensing device realizes integration of multiple functions and effectively reduces the quantity of sensors in a building. From a bottom layer design circuit, various Internet of things devices (an infrared array sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an illumination sensor and an air quality sensor) are integrated together. The device has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, high reliability and the like, and simultaneously has multiple functions, strong transportability and convenience for personnel management and maintenance.

2) The method and the device aim to solve the core problems of two building fields of accurate detection of the number of indoor people and real-time perception of indoor environment quality, and greatly reduce the operation cost. On one hand, the non-invasive people number detection is realized by using the data collected by the infrared array sensor, and the information of the number of indoor people is accurately calculated on the premise of protecting privacy; on the other hand, based on a temperature and humidity sensor, an illumination sensor and an air quality sensor, the indoor thermal comfort, the indoor illumination level and the indoor air quality are comprehensively sensed.

3) In the sensor circuit utilizing WIFI transmission, due to the fact that single-node deployment is achieved, a plurality of sensors are integrated, one single chip microcomputer is used for driving the plurality of sensors, the number of occupied WIFI channels is smaller than that of the WIFI channels occupied by multi-node deployment, interference is small, effective connection can be guaranteed without improving WIFI power, and electric energy can be saved inevitably for a long time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power module;

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an illumination sensor;

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a temperature and humidity sensor;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an air quality sensor;

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an infrared array sensor;

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a data processing module;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a keying circuit;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the acquisition area of an infrared array sensor.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

In the description of the present patent application, it is noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, including not only those elements listed, but also other elements not expressly listed.

In the description of the present patent, it is to be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present patent and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present patent. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present patent application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present patent can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.

The utility model relates to a composite multifunctional sensing device for a building Internet of things, which is shown in a structural diagram of fig. 1 and comprises a signal acquisition module, a data processing module, a data transmission module and a power supply; the power supply is respectively connected with the signal acquisition module, the data processing module and the data transmission module and supplies power to the signal acquisition module, the data processing module and the data transmission module;

the infrared array sensor is used for monitoring human body infrared radiation intensity array data when indoor personnel pass through a detection area and generating a signal representing the current human body infrared radiation intensity array data;

In the device, the infrared array sensor collects the infrared radiation intensity array data of the human body when a person passes through a specific indoor position (such as a door). The temperature and humidity sensor collects indoor relative humidity, air pressure and environment temperature data; the air quality sensor is capable of measuring eCO2(equivalent CO2) and TVOC (Total Voltage Organic Compounds) concentration data. The data that the sensor was gathered is unified by signal acquisition module control, and then, signal acquisition module sends into data processing module with each way data, and data processing module is mainly responsible for the infrared radiation intensity array data based on the human body that infrared array sensor gathered, utilizes the infrared thermal imaging technique of low resolution to detect personnel's business turn over, promptly, judges whether someone is come in and go out from the gate at present to whether someone and number of people in the room at present are calculated according to the judged result. Light intensity data, relative humidity, barometric pressure, and ambient temperature data, as well as eCO2 and TVOC concentration data, are buffered. And finally, transmitting the calculated result information of the number of people, the illumination information, the temperature and humidity information and the air quality into a data transmission module, and transmitting the result information (through WIFI) to a cloud end by the data transmission module so as to be called by a control system.

The specific embodiments of each module are as follows:

(1) a power supply section:

the circuit diagram is shown in fig. 2, a D + pin and a D-pin of the general microusb interface are suspended, a VCC pin of the microusb interface is connected to an input power supply, and a GND pin of the microusb interface is grounded.

The AMS1117 buck chip converts 5V input power supply into 3.3V. The connection relationship is as follows: the VCC pin is connected with a pin 3VIN of the AMS1117 buck chip, pins 2 and 4 of the AMS1117 are connected with a 3V3 network node, the pin 1 is grounded, the pin 3 is grounded after being connected with a resistor C2(10uf) and a resistor C3(100nf) in parallel, and the pin 4 is grounded after being connected with a resistor C4(10uf) and a resistor C5(100nf) in parallel, so that the voltage stabilizing effect is achieved.

(2) Signal acquisition module

The temperature and humidity sensor, the illumination sensor and the air quality sensor are mainly communicated with the data processing module through an I2C bus. The data processing module MCU reads the data collected by the sensor in real time through the fixed address of the I2C device.

(a) The illumination sensor adopts BH1750

BH1750FVI is a digital optical intensity sensor integrated circuit for a two-wire serial bus interface. Such an integrated circuit may adjust the brightness of the liquid crystal or keypad backlight based on the collected light intensity data. With its high resolution, a large range of light intensity variations can be detected. It supports the I2C bus interface and can directly output digital values corresponding to brightness to the MCU. The input light range is also relatively broad (1-65535 lx).

Referring to fig. 3, a circuit diagram of a BH1750 module is shown, where pin 1 of a BH1750 chip is connected to a 3V3 node, pin 2 is connected to ground, pin 3 is connected to an SCL node, pin 4 is connected to an SDA node, and pin 5 is floating.

(b) The temperature and humidity sensor adopts BME280

BME280 sensors can measure indoor relative humidity, barometric pressure, and ambient temperature. The temperature and humidity sensor has small volume and low power consumption, can stably operate for a long time, can quickly detect the change of the environment temperature and humidity due to quick response time, and can keep high-precision measurement in a larger temperature range. I2C communication is also supported.

Referring to fig. 4, a circuit diagram of the BME280 module is shown, in which pin 1 of the BME280 chip is connected to the node 3V3, pin 2 is grounded, pin 3 is connected to the SCL node, pin 4 is connected to the SDA node, and pins 5 and 6 are floating.

(c) The air quality sensor adopts CCS811

The CCS811 air quality sensor is capable of measuring eCO2(equivalent CO2) and TVOC (Total Voltage Organic Compounds) concentrations. Useful for air measurement applications, for example: air quality detection, an air purifier, a fresh air system and the like. CCS811 uses the micro-hotplate technology unique to AMS, and has lower power consumption, shorter preheating time and smaller volume compared with the traditional gas sensor. The ADC and the MCU are internally integrated, data can be collected and calculated, and the data is returned through I2C.

CCS811 supports multiple modes: every 1 second, 10 seconds, 1 minute, 250 milliseconds measurements, and sleep modes, which are optimized for low power consumption during sensor measurements, so CCS811 is suitable for portable applications.

Referring to fig. 5, a circuit diagram of the CCS811 module shows that pin 1 of the CCS811 chip is connected to the node 3V3, pin 2 is grounded, pin 3 is connected to the SCL node, pin 4 is connected to the SDA node, pin 5 is grounded, and pins 6, 7, and 8 are floating.

(d) The infrared array sensor adopts MLX90641

The infrared array sensor adopted for counting the number of indoor people is MLX90641, the resolution ratio of the infrared array sensor is 16X12, the sensor can capture the accurate heat distribution condition in a small space, the infrared array information collected by the infrared array is processed in real time through the MCU, the characteristics of the heat radiation array in the time domain are found, and the purpose of detecting the number of indoor people by the passing of an analyst is achieved. And finally, predicting the indoor comfort level according to real-time environment data and a designed comfort level algorithm. The air conditioning system in the building is reasonably controlled, the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved, and a comfortable indoor environment is provided.

The MLX90641 acquisition region is a wide angle of 110 ° X75 ° right in front, and as shown in fig. 9, the thermal radiation information in 192 small regions uniformly distributed in a rectangular region can be acquired. By communicating with the MCU through I2C, the sensors do not require frequent recalibration, thereby ensuring continuous monitoring while reducing system costs.

Considering that the detection space of the sensor is limited, the time for a person to pass through the detection area is short (1-2 seconds) under normal conditions. In order to improve accuracy, the sampling frequency of the sensor needs to be set, and the sampling frequency of MLX90641 can be set by writing an internal register of the sensor through an I2C protocol, wherein the default frequencies are provided as 1HZ, 4HZ, 8HZ, 16HZ, 32HZ and 64HZ, but the higher the frequency is, the larger the acquired temperature deviation is. The comprehensive consideration is set to 8HZ, and more than ten frames of temperature array information (0.125 s/frame) can be acquired within 1-2 seconds of the passing of the human body. By the method, the follow-up requirement on dynamic tracking time delay of the personnel is met, and the accuracy of the originally acquired data can be ensured to a certain extent.

Referring to fig. 6, a circuit diagram of the MLX90641 module is shown, in which a pin 1 of the MLX90641 chip is connected to a 3V3 node, a pin 2 is grounded, a pin 3 is connected to an SCL node, and a pin 4 is connected to an SDA node.

(3) Single chip part

The data processing module in the utility model adopts an ESP8266 chip in the prior art, and the ESP8266 is a WIFI MCU with high cost performance and high integration degree for the application of the Internet of things. The digital radio frequency integrated circuit integrates a 32-bit Tensiica processor, and is provided with a standard digital peripheral interface, an antenna switch, a radio frequency balun, a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, a filter, a power management module and the like, only few peripheral circuits are needed, and PCB design is simplified. ESP8266 is designed specifically for mobile devices, wearable electronics, and internet of things applications, achieving ultra-low power consumption through multiple proprietary technologies. ESP8266 has a power saving mode suitable for various low power applications. The built-in ultra-low power consumption Tensilica L10632-bit RISC processor has the CPU clock speed up to 160 MHz, supports a real-time operating system (RTOS) and a Wi-Fi protocol stack, and can reserve up to 80% of processing capacity for application programming and development.

The ESP8266 is selected according to the scheme because of the low power consumption and the networking characteristic, and the requirement of data acquisition of the sensor all day can be met and transmitted to the background server in real time. Meanwhile, a built-in 32-bit RISC processor and a plug-in 4M FLASH can process data acquired by the infrared array in real time. The ESP8266 module is small in size, carries an antenna on board, and facilitates secondary development.

Referring to fig. 7, a circuit diagram shows that a series resistor R4(10K) is connected between pins 1 and 3V3 of an ESP8266 module, a series capacitor C1(470pf) is connected between GND nodes, pin 2 is floating, a series resistor R3(10K) is connected between pins 3 and 3V3 nodes, pin 4 is connected with a resistor R7(470R), pins 5, 6, 7, 8, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 are floating, pin 16 is connected with an ESP _ TXD node, pin 15 is connected with an ESP _ RXD node, pin 14 is connected with an SCL (I2C protocol bus) node, pin 13 is connected with an SDA (I2C protocol bus) node, a series resistor R1(10K) is connected between pins 12 and 3V3 nodes, a series resistor R2(10K) is connected between pins 11 and 3V3 nodes, a series resistor R5(10K) is connected between pins 10 and pin 9 is grounded.

(4) Peripheral circuit

Referring to fig. 8, a resistor R6(470R) is connected in series between the 3V3 node and the anode of the LED diode, the diode is a blue-white diode to ensure sufficient voltage drop, the cathode of the LED is connected in series with a resistor R7(470R) to connect switch pin 1, and pin 1 is also connected to the nRST node. Switch pin 2 is connected to ground.

The utility model has the following effective effects:

1) according to the utility model, a plurality of sensors are integrated in one circuit, the device can simultaneously acquire the temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, TVOC concentration and infrared radiation intensity distribution (accurately deducing the number of people) of a region, and transmits data with external communication by using a WIFI communication protocol. The sensing device realizes integration of multiple functions and effectively reduces the quantity of sensors in a building. From a bottom layer design circuit, various Internet of things devices (an infrared array sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an illumination sensor and an air quality sensor) are integrated together. The device has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, high reliability and the like, and simultaneously has multiple functions, strong transportability and convenience for personnel management and maintenance.

In order to increase market share and increase sales volume, internet of things equipment vendors usually deploy each sensor separately, and purchase multiple devices for detecting multiple types of environmental information, which is expensive. If the device is produced in a large scale, the market price of the Internet of things equipment is necessarily reduced.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the building Internet of things is characterized by comprising a signal acquisition module, a data processing module, a data transmission module and a power supply; the power supply is respectively connected with the signal acquisition module, the data processing module and the data transmission module and supplies power to the signal acquisition module, the data processing module and the data transmission module;

2. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the internet of things of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor, the illumination sensor and the air quality sensor are in communication with the data processing module through an I2C bus.

3. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the Internet of things of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the power supply comprises an input power VCC and an AMS1117 buck chip, and the input power VCC is stepped down by the AMS1117 buck chip and then outputs 3.3V voltage.

4. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the internet of things of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the illumination sensor adopts a BH1750 chip.

5. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the Internet of things of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor adopts a BME280 chip.

6. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the Internet of things of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the air quality sensor adopts a CCS811 chip.

7. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the internet of things of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the data processing module adopts an ESP8266 chip.

8. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the internet of things of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the infrared array sensor is communicated with the data processing module through an I2C bus.

9. The composite multifunctional sensing device for the internet of things of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission module adopts a WIFI serial port communication module in an ESP8266 chip.