CN215651385U

CN215651385U - Femoral head necrosis treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN215651385U
Application number: CN202120506363.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟春庆; 漆红
Original assignee: Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-03-10
Filing date: 2021-03-10
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-10

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly discloses a femoral head necrosis treatment device which comprises an arc-shaped positioner, wherein the positioner comprises a handle and a positioner body for puncture, the handle and the positioner body are integrally formed, one end of the positioner body, which is far away from the handle, extends to form a positioning tip part, a conical guide pin is fixedly connected to the handle, a hollow cavity is formed in the guide pin, the tip end of the guide pin is obliquely arranged towards the positioning tip part, and the axis of the guide pin is intersected with the positioning tip part. The scheme is mainly applied to the treatment process of the femoral head necrosis, and solves the problems that in the early treatment of the femoral head necrosis in the prior art, the drilling decompression and bone grafting treatment process of the femoral head necrosis zone through arthroscopic surgery exists: the femoral head necrosis area is not thoroughly cleaned, bone grafting is blind, and the radiation dose is large.

Description

Femoral head necrosis treatment device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly discloses a femoral head necrosis treatment device.

Background

The main pathological system of femoral head necrosis is femoral head bone ischemia caused by the blood circulation obstruction of femoral head and the damage, which is often called ischemic necrosis of femoral head or aseptic necrosis of femoral head. If early femoral head necrosis can not be effectively treated in time, the femoral head can be collapsed, the joint gap can be narrowed, finally, osteoarthritis is caused, and the hip joint of a patient is disabled to cause paralysis.

The existing orthopedic surgery for treating femoral head necrosis is arthroscopic surgery, arthroscope is a high-tech minimally invasive technology, the appearance of the arthroscope is only the thickness of a pencil or a chopstick, the common diameter is only 4 mm, a small incision with the thickness less than 1 cm is made on skin, the arthroscope can be placed in a joint, then a micro-camera is connected, and the condition in the joint can be clearly displayed on a fluorescent screen through an optical fiber lighting system and a computer presentation system. The condition in the joint can be carefully observed through the arthroscope, and the diseased part can be directly and accurately found. The pathological change condition in the joint is observed, the amplification effect is achieved, the observation is more accurate than the naked eye observation after the joint is cut open, the operation can be immediately carried out under the monitoring of an arthroscope after the pathological change is found, a specially-made miniature instrument can be placed through adding 1-2 small incisions, for example, a reverse bone drill is usually adopted to drill the bone, then the necrotic area is treated, and the comprehensive examination and the operation treatment can be purposefully carried out. Therefore, the arthroscopic surgery has the characteristic of clear observation, the pathological change condition in the joint can be dynamically observed under the nearly physiological state through the arthroscope, some diseases must be diagnosed under the arthroscope, in addition, the arthroscopic surgery has the characteristics of fine operation and small wound, the physiological tissue structure can be well preserved, and the joint wound is limited to the minimum degree.

However, in the early treatment of femoral head necrosis in the prior art, the process of drilling, decompressing and bone grafting treatment on the femoral head necrosis area by using a reverse bone drill through arthroscopic surgery exists: the inaccurate punching results in incomplete cleaning of femoral head necrosis area, relatively blind bone grafting and great radiation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a femoral head necrosis treatment device, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, in the early treatment of femoral head necrosis, the drilling decompression and bone grafting treatment process of a femoral head necrosis area through arthroscopic surgery exists: the femoral head necrosis area is not thoroughly cleaned, bone grafting is blind, and the radiation dose is large.

In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the utility model is as follows: including the locator of arcuation, the locator includes handle and the locator body that is used for the puncture, handle and locator body integrated into one piece, and the one end that the handle was kept away from to the locator body extends and forms location point portion, fixedly connected with conical guide pin on the handle, is equipped with well cavity in the guide pin, and the direction slope of locating point portion is arranged most advanced to the guide pin, and the axis and the location point portion of guide pin are crossing.

The working principle of the basic scheme is as follows: the device needs to be sterilized before use, meanwhile, according to the femoral head necrosis area determined by an arthroscope in advance, a handle on a positioner is held to enable a positioning point part to be stable, force is applied to the positioning point part to enable the positioning point part to be pierced along a hip joint gap, the positioning point part is moved to the upper surface of the femoral head necrosis area, the positioning point part is located on the upper surface of the femoral head necrosis area to be stable and fixed through the handle, a reverse bone drill is sleeved in a hollow cavity of a guide pin, the angle and the point position of the puncture of the reverse bone drill are adjusted and determined by utilizing the design principle that the axis of the guide pin can be intersected with the positioning point part, and the reverse bone drill drills into the femoral head along the axis of the guide pin until the femoral head necrosis area is reached.

The beneficial effect of this basic scheme lies in:

(1) according to the scheme, the top end of the guide pin is obliquely arranged towards the direction of the positioning tip part, and the design principle that the axis of the guide pin is intersected with the positioning tip part is utilized, so that the reverse bone drill can be sleeved in the guide pin to drill from different angles, and the reverse bone drill can be ensured to reach the position of the positioning tip part;

(2) the reverse bone drill is sleeved in the conical guide pin for drilling, so that the reverse bone drill can be prevented from shaking in the drilling process, and the stability and the efficiency of the reverse bone drill in the process of stretching into the femoral head for drilling are improved.

Further, there is transparent sleeve in the guide pin cavity intracavity along axially sliding connection, it has first scale to process along the axial on the transparent sleeve outer wall, transparent sleeve inner wall has seted up the screw thread along the axial, transparent sleeve female connection has the holder that is used for fixed reverse bone drill bit, transparent sleeve has seted up a plurality of first locating holes on being close to the inner wall of the most advanced one side of guide pin, first locating hole all is located the thread groove, the axial in first locating hole all with transparent sleeve's axial mutually perpendicular, the axial sliding connection of guide pin inner wall along first locating hole has a plurality of gag lever posts that match with first locating hole. The position of femoral head necrosis area is measured through image science before the art, the drilling depth of confirming and the reverse bone drill bit of selected adaptation diameter, can adjust the distance between stabilizer blade bottom surface and the transparent sleeve bottom surface through rotatory holder, this section distance is the biggest distance that the holder can the downstream, the biggest distance that can move down on the holder is installed to reverse bone drill bit promptly, consequently this scheme sets up like this and can adjust the distance between stabilizer blade bottom surface and the transparent sleeve bottom surface through the image science predetermined drilling depth before the art, thereby can stop to continue to stretch into the bone after guaranteeing that reverse bone drill bit reaches predetermined degree of depth.

Further, the holder is including being used for the cover to establish reverse bone drill's ring, and ring upper portion is equipped with a plurality of locking of being used for the reverse bone drill of centre gripping along circumference and detains, and the ring lower part is equipped with a plurality of stabilizer blades along circumference, and the stabilizer blade is made by elastic steel sheet, and stabilizer blade lower part integrated into one piece has the kink, stabilizer blade kink and transparent sleeve inner wall screw thread adaptation connection, stabilizer blade kink and the equal adaptation of first locating hole, gag lever post. Set up like this and be convenient for the stabilizer blade and reachd transparent sleeve bottom after, the stabilizer blade kink gets into first locating hole and extrudes the gag lever post from first locating hole to make transparent sleeve take place the idle running along the axial in the guide pin, avoid driving reverse bone drill's electric drill to burn out, be convenient for simultaneously take out transparent sleeve from the guide pin.

Furthermore, a plurality of second locating holes matched with the first locating holes are formed in the inner wall of the guide pin, the limiting rod is connected in the second locating holes in a sliding mode and comprises a limiting rod body, one side, close to the transparent sleeve, of the limiting rod body is provided with an annular separation blade in a circumferential processing mode, the separation blade is located in the second locating holes, and one side, far away from the separation blade, of the limiting rod body is provided with a first spring in a sleeved mode. The limiting rod is convenient to install and replace due to the arrangement.

Furthermore, a measuring part for measuring the horizontal distance of the positioning tip part extending into the joint gap is arranged on one side of the positioning tip part on the positioner body. The arrangement is convenient for accurately judging the horizontal distance of the positioning tip entering the hip joint gap through the measuring part.

Further, the measuring part is including setting up the locating piece that is close to location point portion one side on the locator body, sliding connection has the slide bar in the locating piece, the axial perpendicular to locating piece of slide bar, it has the second scale to process along the axial on the slide bar, the one end that the locating piece was kept away from to the slide bar is connected with the slide, the axial perpendicular to slide of slide bar, the slide is the T form, the locator body is located the lower part of slide and has been seted up logical groove, the slide lower part runs through logical groove, it is equipped with the second spring to lie in the cover between slide and the locating piece on the slide bar. The arrangement is convenient for the sliding plate not to cause interference when the positioning tip penetrates into the hip joint gap in the process of pushing the sliding rod.

Furthermore, one side that the guide pin is located location point portion is connected with and is used for the absorbing silica gel board. The silica gel plate can reduce the impact on the skin of a patient in the drilling process of the reverse bone drill.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a femoral head necrosis treatment device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of a femoral head necrosis treatment device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the positioning tip penetrating the hip joint socket;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the guide pin, transparent sleeve, etc.;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the components of the lead, transparent sleeve, etc.;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the holder of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a stop bar installation;

fig. 9 is a schematic illustration of the holder positioned on a contra-rotating bone drill during use.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the bone fracture measuring device comprises a positioner 1, a handle 2, a positioner body 3, a positioning tip portion 4, a guide pin 5, a transparent sleeve 6, a clamp 7, a first positioning hole 8, a limiting rod 9, a circular ring 10, a locking buckle 11, a supporting leg 12, a second positioning hole 13, a limiting rod body 14, a blocking piece 15, a first spring 16, a limiting nut 17, a measuring portion 18, a positioning block 19, a sliding rod 20, a sliding plate 21, a second spring 22, a reverse bone drill 23, an acetabulum 24, a femoral head 25 and a necrosis area 26.

The embodiment is basically as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a femoral head 25 necrosis treatment device comprises an arc-shaped locator 1, the locator 1 comprises a handle 2 and a locator body 3 for puncture, the handle 2 and the locator body 3 are integrally formed, the left end of the locator body 3 extends to form a locating tip portion 4, a tapered guide pin 5 is welded on the handle 2, a hollow cavity is processed in the guide pin 5, the top end of the guide pin 5 is obliquely arranged towards the locating tip portion 4, a silica gel plate for shock absorption is pasted at the top of the guide pin 5, and the axis of the guide pin 5 is intersected with the locating tip portion 4.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a vertical transparent sleeve 6 is sleeved in a hollow cavity of the guide pin 5, a first scale is axially processed on the outer wall of the transparent sleeve 6, threads are vertically formed on the inner wall of the transparent sleeve 6, a holder 7 for fixing the reverse bone drill 23 is connected in the transparent sleeve 6 in a threaded manner, a plurality of first positioning holes 8, preferably two first positioning holes 8 in the embodiment, are processed on the inner wall of the bottom of the transparent sleeve 6, the first positioning holes 8 are all located in thread grooves, and first locating hole 8 is the through-hole, and the axial of first locating hole 8 all is mutually perpendicular with the axial of transparent sleeve 6, combines shown in fig. 5, 6, and the horizontal sliding connection in guide pin 5 bottom has two gag lever posts 9 with the adaptation of first locating hole 8, combines shown in fig. 8, and the gag lever post 9 of the horizontal sliding connection in this embodiment bottom at guide pin 5 is preferred following mode: two second locating holes 13 with 8 adaptations of first locating hole are seted up to 5 bottoms of guide pin, equal horizontal sliding connection has gag lever post 9 in two second locating holes 13, gag lever post 9 includes horizontally gag lever post body 14, the left side has annular separation blade 15 along circumference processing on the gag lever post body 14, separation blade 15 is located the inside of second locating hole 13, the right side cover that lies in separation blade 15 on the gag lever post body 14 has first spring 16, gag lever post 9 and first spring 16 penetrate and adopt stop nut 17 to fix from the outside of guide pin 5 in the second locating hole 13.

As shown in fig. 7, the holder 7 in the present embodiment is preferably: the holder 7 is including being used for the cover to establish the ring 10 of reverse bone drill bit 23, and two locking buckles 11 that are used for the reverse bone drill bit 23 of centre gripping are installed along circumference on ring 10 upper portion, and ring 10 lower part has two stabilizer blades 12 along circumference bolt fastening, and stabilizer blade 12 is made by elastic steel sheet, and 12 lower part integrated into one piece of stabilizer blade have the kink, and 12 kink of stabilizer blade and 6 inner wall screw thread adapter connections of transparent sleeve, the 12 kink of stabilizer blade and first locating hole 8, the equal adaptation of gag lever post 9.

A measuring part 18 for measuring the horizontal distance of the positioning tip part 4 extending into the joint gap is arranged on one side of the positioning tip part 4 on the positioner body 3. The measurement unit 18 in the present embodiment is preferably: measuring part 18 is including welding the locating piece 19 that is close to location point portion 4 one side on locator body 3, sliding connection has slide bar 20 in the locating piece 19, slide bar 20's axial perpendicular to locating piece 19, it has the second scale to process along the axial on the slide bar 20, slide bar 20 is kept away from the one end of locating piece 19 and is passed through the fix with screw and have slide 21, slide bar 20's axial perpendicular to slide 21, slide 21 is the T form, locator body 3 is located the lower part of slide 21 and has seted up logical groove, slide 21 lower part runs through logical groove, it has second spring 22 to lie in the cover between slide 21 and the locating piece 19 on the slide bar 20.

The specific implementation process is as follows:

the device needs to be sterilized before use, meanwhile, a femoral head 25 necrosis area 26 determined in advance according to an arthroscope is held by a handle 2 on a positioner 1 to enable a positioning tip portion 4 to be stable, force is applied to the positioning tip portion 4 to enable the positioning tip portion 4 to penetrate along a hip joint gap, the positioning tip portion 4 is moved to the upper surface of the femoral head 25 necrosis area 26, the positioning tip portion 4 is located on the upper surface of the femoral head 25 necrosis area 26 to be stable and fixed through the handle 2, a reverse bone drill 23 is sleeved in a guide pin 5, the angle and the point position of the puncture of the reverse bone drill 23 are adjusted and determined by utilizing the design principle that the axis of the guide pin 5 can be intersected with the positioning tip portion 4, the reverse bone drill 23 penetrates into the femoral head 25 until the femoral head 25 necrosis area 26 is reached, and a silica gel plate at the top end of the guide pin 5 can reduce the impact on the skin of a patient in the drilling process of the reverse bone drill 23.

By screwing the holder 7 into the transparent sleeve 6, the location of the necrosis area 26 of the femoral head 25 is measured by preoperative imaging, the determined drilling depth is used, and the reverse bone drill 23 with the adaptive diameter is selected, the distance between the bottom surface of the support leg 12 and the bottom surface of the transparent sleeve 6 can be adjusted by rotating the holder 7, and the distance is the maximum distance that the holder 7 can move downwards, namely the maximum distance that the reverse bone drill 23 can move downwards when being mounted on the holder 7, so the scheme can adjust the distance between the bottom surface of the support leg 12 and the bottom surface of the transparent sleeve 6 by the drilling depth determined in advance by preoperative imaging, and the set distance can be visually seen through the first graduated scale, which is described in detail with reference to fig. 9: assuming that the depth of the drilled hole is determined as a according to the preoperative imaging measurement, and the position W of drilling the hole in the femoral head 25 is determined, after the positioning tip 4 reaches the upper surface of the necrosis area 26 of the femoral head 25, the backward bone drill 23 is inserted into the guide pin 5 and the drill tip of the backward bone drill 23 abuts against the point W, the dimension from the point W to the plane of the tip of the guide pin 5 is measured as b, the dimension from the plane of the tip of the guide pin 5 to the plane of the transparent sleeve 6 on the side close to the tip of the guide pin 5 is known as c, and the height from the ring 10 of the holder 7 to the bottom surface of the leg 12 is known as d, the distance from the tip of the backward bone drill 23 to the upper surface of the ring 10 of the holder 7 can be determined as: b + c + a + d, taking the transparent sleeve 6, the holder 7 and the backward bone drill 23 out of the guide pin 5, fixing the holder 7 on the backward bone drill 23 according to the dimension b + c + a + d, locking the backward bone drill 23 by using the locking buckle 11, screwing the backward bone drill 23 into the guide pin 5 and enabling the tip of the backward bone drill 23 to abut against the point W. This ensures that the counter drill bit 23 stops extending further into the bone after reaching the predetermined depth. After stabilizer blade 12 rotated and arrived transparent sleeve 6 bottom, stabilizer blade 12 kink got into first locating hole 8 and extrudes gag lever post 9 from first locating hole 8 to make transparent sleeve 6 take place the idle running along the axial in guide pin 5, avoid driving reverse bone drill 23's electric drill to burn out, be convenient for take out transparent sleeve 6 in guide pin 5 simultaneously.

When the positioning tip penetrates into a hip joint gap, the sliding plate on the measuring part moves rightwards to push the sliding rod to move rightwards, and the second graduated scale on the sliding rod can be clearly observed by taking the side face on the right side of the positioning block as a reference, so that the horizontal distance of the positioning tip entering the hip joint gap can be accurately judged.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a femoral head necrosis processing apparatus, its characterized in that, includes the locator of arcuation, and the locator includes handle and the locator body that is used for the puncture, handle and locator body integrated into one piece, and the one end that the handle was kept away from to the locator body extends and forms location point portion, fixedly connected with conical guide pin on the handle, is equipped with well cavity in the guide pin, and the direction slope of the sharp portion of location is arranged to the guide pin point, and the axis and the location point portion of guide pin are crossing.

2. The femoral head necrosis treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a transparent sleeve is slidably connected in a hollow cavity of the guide pin along an axial direction, a first scale is axially processed on an outer wall of the transparent sleeve, an inner wall of the transparent sleeve is axially threaded, a holder for fixing a reverse bone drill is connected in the transparent sleeve in a threaded manner, a plurality of first positioning holes are formed in an inner wall of the transparent sleeve on one side close to a tip end of the guide pin, the first positioning holes are all located in a threaded groove, the axial direction of each first positioning hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the transparent sleeve, and a plurality of limiting rods matched with the first positioning holes are slidably connected in the inner wall of the guide pin along the axial direction of the first positioning holes.

3. The femoral head necrosis treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the holder comprises a circular ring for sleeving the reverse bone drill, the upper portion of the circular ring is circumferentially provided with a plurality of locking buckles for holding the reverse bone drill, the lower portion of the circular ring is circumferentially provided with a plurality of support legs, the support legs are made of elastic steel sheets, the lower portion of the support legs is integrally formed with bent portions, the bent portions of the support legs are in threaded fit connection with the inner wall of the transparent sleeve, and the bent portions of the support legs are in fit with the first positioning hole and the limiting rod.

4. The femoral head necrosis treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the inner wall of the guide pin is provided with a plurality of second positioning holes matching with the first positioning holes, the limiting rod is slidably connected in the second positioning holes, the limiting rod comprises a limiting rod body, an annular blocking piece is processed on one side of the limiting rod body close to the transparent sleeve along the circumferential direction, the blocking piece is located in the second positioning holes, and a first spring is sleeved on one side of the limiting rod body away from the blocking piece.

5. The femoral head necrosis treatment device according to claim 4, wherein a measuring portion for measuring a horizontal distance that the positioning tip extends into the joint gap is provided on the positioning tip portion side of the positioner body.

6. The femoral head necrosis treatment device according to claim 5, wherein the measuring portion comprises a positioning block disposed on one side of the positioner body close to the positioning tip portion, a slide bar is slidably connected in the positioning block, an axial direction of the slide bar is perpendicular to the positioning block, a second scale is axially processed on the slide bar, one end of the slide bar, which is far away from the positioning block, is connected with a slide plate, the axial direction of the slide bar is perpendicular to the slide plate, the slide plate is T-shaped, a through groove is formed in a lower portion of the positioner body, a lower portion of the slide plate penetrates through the through groove, and a second spring is sleeved on the slide bar between the slide plate and the positioning block.

7. The femoral head necrosis treatment device according to claim 6, wherein a silicone plate for shock absorption is connected to one side of the guide pin at the positioning tip portion.