CN215600527U - KAQV multi-frequency sharing power divider - Google Patents
KAQV multi-frequency sharing power divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN215600527U CN215600527U CN202121910262.3U CN202121910262U CN215600527U CN 215600527 U CN215600527 U CN 215600527U CN 202121910262 U CN202121910262 U CN 202121910262U CN 215600527 U CN215600527 U CN 215600527U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a KAQV multi-frequency shared power divider, and belongs to the technical field of waveguides. It includes an axial multi-frequency common waveguide and four sidewall branch waveguides. The axial multi-frequency shared waveguide is a Ka transmitting frequency band signal transmission channel and a QV frequency band signal transmission channel, the side wall branch waveguides for transmitting Ka receiving frequency band signals are distributed along the axial direction, and the side wall branch waveguides are distributed in a four-way symmetrical mode relative to the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide. Each side wall branch waveguide comprises a filter and a step waveguide impedance transformer, and the filter is designed in a two-stage filter cascade mode. The utility model has the characteristics of large relative bandwidth, low cross polarization and low standing-wave ratio, and has compact structure and easy processing. The utility model solves the problems that the high-order mode is difficult to inhibit when the frequency is over 2 times frequency and the structure of the Ka frequency band is too small in size and difficult to process, and simultaneously completes the low-frequency broadband impedance matching. The influence of a higher-order mode on a directional diagram of a feed source system can be effectively improved in a frequency bandwidth close to 3 times, the cross polarization level of the antenna is reduced, and the method is suitable for engineering popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of waveguides, in particular to a multi-frequency shared power divider meeting Ka transceiving requirements, Q requirements and V requirements.
Background
In the field of microwave antenna communication, a power division network and a power synthesis network are common passive subsystems in various station type antenna feed networks, and in order to achieve one-station multi-use and multi-frequency multiplexing, reduce the antenna construction cost and increase the antenna use function, users increasingly have urgent requirements on a multi-frequency shared antenna, so that the design requirements on microwave devices including frequency separation and power distribution are more important.
At present, a multi-frequency shared feed source network system mainly has two forms of coaxial wave division and common-nozzle wave division, wherein the coaxial wave division has already developed to a certain bottleneck period, and the common-nozzle wave division is more traditional, but has more advantages for the comprehensive use index of an antenna. Meanwhile, as is well known, the excitation quantity of the multi-frequency common-injection device to the higher-order modes is increased along with the increase of the relative bandwidth, the higher-order modes directly influence the electrical design indexes of the highest frequency and the second-order higher frequency bands, an antenna directional diagram and cross polarization are extremely deteriorated, the influence directions and degrees of different higher-order modes on a feed network system are different, and control methods of a large number of harmful higher-order modes are rarely reported, so that no system introduction exists for the design of a mature multi-frequency common-power distributor internationally, and the development of a multi-frequency common-injection feed network is correspondingly restrained. Therefore, the technical barrier is broken, and a new design method of a novel dual-frequency or multi-frequency shared power distributor is absolutely necessary to be found.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a KAQV multi-frequency common power distributor, which can solve the problems that the use bandwidth above a Ka frequency band exceeds within two-frequency triple frequency, the high order mode of a multi-frequency common spraying power distributor is difficult to inhibit, the processing is difficult, the cross polarization of an antenna is poor, and the engineering use requirements are difficult to meet. The power divider has the advantages of large bandwidth, low cross polarization, low standing-wave ratio and other excellent electrical indexes, compact structure, easy processing, simple process design and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a KAQV multi-frequency shared power divider is a six-port microwave device and comprises an axial multi-frequency shared waveguide and four side wall branch waveguides; the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide is a circular transition waveguide, and high-frequency band signals (Ka transmitting frequency band signals and QV frequency band signals) are transmitted along the axial direction of the waveguide; the four side wall branch waveguides are symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the axial multi-frequency common waveguide at 90 degrees and are transmission channels of low-frequency band signals (Ka receiving frequency band signals); the inner wall of the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide is provided with four rectangular ridge coupling ports, the four rectangular ridge coupling ports are symmetrically distributed around the axis of the multi-frequency shared waveguide at 90 degrees and are in one-to-one correspondence with the four side wall branch waveguides; the four sidewall branch waveguides comprise filters and step impedance transformers.
Further, the gradual change curve of the circular transition waveguide is a spline fitting curve.
Furthermore, the rectangular long edge of the rectangular ridge coupling port is in the axial direction, and the end face of the rectangular ridge coupling port is parallel to the axis of the multi-frequency shared waveguide.
Furthermore, the filter of the side wall branch waveguide is in a two-stage filter cascade structure; the first-stage filter of the two-stage filter cascade structure is a block mode filter, and a coupling port of the first-stage filter, which is close to the multi-frequency shared waveguide, is only provided with a row of metal vertical teeth along the direction of the branch waveguide; the second-stage filter of the two-stage filter cascade structure is a transverse ripple groove filter with high and low impedance changes.
Furthermore, the inlet of the first-stage filter is of a rectangular cavity structure.
Further, the stepped impedance transformer of the side wall branch waveguide is a first-order rectangular waveguide stepped impedance transformer.
Compared with the background technology, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. electrically, the utility model can enable the high-frequency over-mode section main mode to be coupled below-20 dB to each higher-order mode when the maximum relative bandwidth is close to 3 frequency multiplication through a novel branch filtering structure form and a coupling port design, solves the problem of high-order mode mutual coupling when the frequency multiplication exceeds 2 frequency multiplication, improves the return loss of a high-frequency channel, reduces the linear polarization cross polarization component of the high-frequency channel, and inhibits the higher harmonic of a low-frequency passband.
2. The second-stage filter in the cascade filter adopts a transverse corrugated groove type filter with high and low impedance changes, restricts the coupling opening gap and the size of a micro structure, and reasonably sets the edge chamfer, thereby greatly reducing the processing difficulty of millimeter wave band devices and having engineering realizability.
3. The multi-frequency shared power distributor is reasonable in design and suitable for engineering application and popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-wall-coupled multi-frequency common power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional assembly diagram of the multi-frequency shared power divider in the embodiment of the utility model.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the axial rounded transition and sidewall coupling port cavity in an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional structure and a cross-sectional view of a sidewall branched waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional elevation view of a sidewall branch waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6(a) to 6(c) are graphs of return loss frequency response of the frequency band used by the main mode.
Fig. 7(a) to 7(b) are graphs showing the coupling frequency response of the high-band main mode and the high-order mode. In the figure, only the curves of the worst indexes are distinguished, namely S1(7),1(1) and S1(9),1 (1). As can be seen from the figure, even the worst indicator has a good effect.
Fig. 8(a) to 8(b) are graphs showing the low frequency port of the coupling branch versus the isolation frequency response of the high frequency signal.
Description of reference numerals: 1-axial multi-frequency shared waveguide, 2-side wall branch waveguide, 3-first stage filter, 4-second stage filter and 5-stepped impedance transformer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A KAQV multi-frequency shared power distributor is a six-port microwave device and comprises an axial multi-frequency shared waveguide and four side wall branch waveguides, wherein the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide is a transmission channel for Ka transmitting frequency band signals and QV frequency band signals, and the side wall branch waveguides are transmission channels for Ka receiving frequency band signals; the axial multi-frequency common waveguide is a circular transition waveguide, and high-frequency-band signals are transmitted along the axial direction of the circular transition waveguide; the four side wall branch waveguides are symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the multi-frequency common waveguide at 90 degrees and are low-frequency-band signal transmission channels; the sidewall branch waveguides each include a filter and a stepped impedance transformer.
And the axial circular transition waveguide gradual change curve is designed by spline fitting.
The inner wall of the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide is provided with four rectangular ridge coupling ports, the four rectangular ridge coupling ports surround the axis of the multi-frequency shared waveguide and are symmetrically distributed by 90 degrees, the long edge of each rectangular ridge is in the axis direction, and the end face of each coupling port is parallel to the axis of the multi-frequency shared waveguide.
The filter of the side wall branch waveguide is designed in a two-stage filter cascade mode; the first-stage filter in the cascade filter is a fast-mode filter, only one row of metal vertical teeth are arranged close to the coupling port of the multi-frequency shared waveguide along the direction of the branch waveguide, and the second-stage filter in the cascade filter is a transverse corrugated groove type filter with high impedance and low impedance change.
The inlet of the first-stage block mode filter is of a rectangular cavity structure, and symmetric metal sawtooth structures are not distributed on the upper part and the lower part of the first-stage block mode filter.
The step impedance converter of the side wall branch waveguide is a first-order rectangular waveguide step impedance converter.
The multi-frequency shared power divider has the characteristics of large relative bandwidth, low cross polarization and low standing-wave ratio, and is compact in structure and easy to process. The multi-frequency shared power divider solves the problems that high-order mode suppression is difficult when frequency multiplication exceeding 2 is used and the Ka frequency band structure is too small in size and difficult to process, and simultaneously completes low-frequency broadband impedance matching. The influence of a higher-order mode on a directional diagram of a feed source system can be effectively improved in a frequency bandwidth close to 3 times, the cross polarization level of the antenna is reduced, and the method is suitable for engineering popularization.
The multi-frequency shared power divider is always the most critical component of a multi-frequency network, and functionally needs to complete high-isolation separation of multiple frequency bands, and also needs to realize orthogonal polarization separation and single-polarization equal-power distribution of a single frequency band, so that the multi-frequency shared power divider integrates the main functions of a traditional frequency duplexer and a broadband orthogonal mode coupler. As shown in fig. 1, the power divider is a tapered six-port device from a physical point of view, and is an 8-port device with two orthogonally polarized input and output paths from an electrical point of view.
For the multi-frequency shared distributor above the Ka frequency band, the process design and processing are seriously influenced because the structure size is too small, the utility model not only restricts the small-size structure parameters during design, but also selects the coupling form and the filter type which are easy to process, and ensures the design effectiveness.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the multiband shared power divider includes an axial multiband shared waveguide, and four side wall branch waveguides. As shown in fig. 3, the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide mainly includes two design partitions, namely a circular transition and a sidewall coupling port, and in order to suppress the excitation of the axial higher-order mode, a circular transition curve is designed by adopting a spline fitting curve.
The circular transition curve is provided with four rectangular ridge coupling ports which are symmetrically distributed at 90 degrees around the axis of the multi-frequency shared waveguide, the long edges of the rectangles are along the axis direction, and as shown in figure 1, the end faces of the coupling ports are parallel to the axis of the multi-frequency shared waveguide.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the sidewall branching waveguide includes a filter and a stepped impedance transformer. The filter of the side wall branch waveguide is designed in a two-stage filter cascade mode; the first-stage filter in the cascade filter is a fast-mode filter, only one row of metal vertical teeth are arranged close to the coupling port of the multi-frequency shared waveguide along the direction of the branch waveguide, and the second-stage filter in the cascade filter is a transverse corrugated groove type filter with high impedance and low impedance change. The step impedance converter is a first-order rectangular waveguide step impedance converter, and finally the branch waveguide is converted to a BJ220 outlet corresponding to the coupling frequency band standard. As shown in fig. 4, the inlet of the first-stage block mode filter is a rectangular cavity structure, but symmetric metal saw tooth structures are not distributed on the upper and lower sides.
Furthermore, the longitudinal slotting unit of the block-mode filter has natural suppression characteristics on the high-order mode of the rectangular waveguide, has ultra-wide channels and power capacity characteristics, and can meet the design requirements exceeding triple frequency engineering stop band design by selecting reasonable cut-off frequency.
As shown in fig. 1, the working principle of the multiband shared power divider is as follows:
when a multi-frequency signal is received at the same time, a Ka receiving frequency band signal is subjected to 0dB coupling and matching transmission through a branch block module filter when the multi-frequency signal is transmitted to a radio frequency signal path side wall coupling port of a multi-frequency shared waveguide, short circuit suppression is carried out on a Ka transmitting frequency band and a QV frequency band, the Ka transmitting frequency band signal and the QV frequency band signal are transmitted to a rear end waveguide line through a low-frequency band stepped impedance converter, and the Ka transmitting frequency band signal and the QV frequency band signal with the highest frequency are output by an axial channel in a low-loss mode. The working principle is opposite when the multi-frequency signal is transmitted, and the description is omitted.
For the convenience of understanding, a specific KAQV multi-frequency shared power divider is taken as an example, and the effects of the utility model are described in an auxiliary way by combining the corresponding drawings.
Example (b): KaQV multi-frequency sharing power divider
The design frequency is Ka: 17.7 GHz-21.2 GHz; 27.5 to 31 GHz.
QV：37.5GHz~42.5GHz；47.2~51.4GHz。
The structure of the KaQV multi-frequency shared power divider is shown in fig. 1, and the corresponding values of the main structural parameters are as follows:
the diameter of the round transition large opening D1=11.6 mm; minor diameter D2=7.2 mm; ka-band filter entrance broadside W1=8.8mm, and rectangular ridge coupling port width AOH1=5.15 mm.
Fig. 6 to 8 show simulation results of the multi-frequency shared power divider, in which the bandwidth of the power divider is close to triple frequency. As can be seen from FIGS. 6(a) - (c), the return loss S of the main mode in the Ka reception band1(1)1(1)Less than-23 dB, Ka transmitting frequency band and QV frequency band as axial transmission channel main mode return loss S1(1)1(1)Are all less than-27 dB, and have excellent indexes. As can be seen from fig. 7(a) - (b), the mutual coupling energy from the main mode to the nth higher mode returns to the common port mainly by S1(n)1(1)The coupling degree is smaller than-40 dB in the Ka transmitting frequency band, the high-order modulus quantity of the excitation is more in the QV frequency band due to the fact that the frequency band is higher, and the maximum coupling degree is smaller than-20 dB. From fig. 8(a) - (b), it can be seen that the different high frequency bands of the main mold are separated by S3(1)1(1)The suppression degree of the low frequency band to the high frequency band is shown, the side wall branch waveguide Ka receiving frequency band has the main mode suppression degree to the Ka transmitting frequency band larger than 60 dB, and the main mode suppression degree to the QV frequency band is larger than 80 dB.
In a word, the utility model comprises an axial multi-frequency shared waveguide and four side wall branch waveguides, wherein the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide is a Ka transmitting frequency band signal transmission channel and a QV frequency band signal transmission channel, the side wall branch waveguides for transmitting Ka receiving frequency band signals are distributed along the axial direction, and the side wall branch waveguides are distributed in a four-way symmetrical mode relative to the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide. The utility model solves the problems that the high-order mode is difficult to inhibit when the frequency multiplication is used by more than 2 and the structure size of the Ka frequency band is too small to process, has excellent electrical indexes such as large relative bandwidth, low cross polarization, low standing-wave ratio and the like, and has the advantages of compact structure, easy processing and the like. The core problems of frequency separation, polarization separation and power distribution when the multi-frequency co-spraying antenna is used are solved, and the requirements of most multi-frequency broadband fixed stations and vehicle-mounted stations can be met.
It should be noted that the above description and examples are intended to aid those skilled in the art in understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any variations, modifications, improvements and/or omissions may be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model and its scope.
Claims (6)
1. A KAQV multi-frequency shared power divider is a six-port microwave device and comprises an axial multi-frequency shared waveguide and four side wall branch waveguides; the system is characterized in that the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide is a circular transition waveguide, and Ka transmitting frequency band signals and QV frequency band signals are transmitted along the axial direction of the waveguide; the four side wall branch waveguides are symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the axial multi-frequency common waveguide at 90 degrees and are transmission channels for Ka receiving frequency band signals; the inner wall of the axial multi-frequency shared waveguide is provided with four rectangular ridge coupling ports, the four rectangular ridge coupling ports are symmetrically distributed around the axis of the multi-frequency shared waveguide at 90 degrees and are in one-to-one correspondence with the four side wall branch waveguides; the four sidewall branch waveguides comprise filters and step impedance transformers.
2. The KAQV multi-frequency common power divider according to claim 1, wherein the tapering curve of the circular transition waveguide is a spline fitting curve.
3. The KAQV multi-frequency shared power divider of claim 1, wherein the rectangular long edge of the rectangular ridged coupling port is along the axial direction, and the end surface of the rectangular ridged coupling port is parallel to the axis of the multi-frequency shared waveguide.
4. The KAQV multi-frequency common power divider according to claim 1, wherein the filters of the sidewall branch waveguides are of a two-stage filter cascade structure; the first-stage filter of the two-stage filter cascade structure is a block mode filter, and a coupling port of the first-stage filter, which is close to the multi-frequency shared waveguide, is only provided with a row of metal vertical teeth along the direction of the branch waveguide; the second-stage filter of the two-stage filter cascade structure is a transverse ripple groove filter with high and low impedance changes.
5. The KAQV multi-frequency common power divider of claim 4, wherein the inlet of the first filter is a rectangular cavity structure.
6. The KAQV multi-frequency common power divider of claim 1, wherein the stepped impedance transformer of the sidewall branch waveguide is a first-order rectangular waveguide stepped impedance transformer.
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| CN202121910262.3U CN215600527U (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | KAQV multi-frequency sharing power divider |
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| CN202121910262.3U CN215600527U (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | KAQV multi-frequency sharing power divider |
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