CN215565748U - Vibration damping rotary cutting tooth - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a drill bit cutting tooth in the fields of petroleum and natural gas drilling, geological exploration, mine drilling and coal bed gas development, in particular to a vibration reduction rotary cutting tooth. The vibration-damping rotary cutting tooth mainly comprises a polycrystalline diamond layer, a support, a base, a positioning groove, a positioning ball and a spring device. The polycrystalline diamond layer is welded on the support, a positioning groove is machined in the outer surface of the support, the positioning ball is installed on the base and matched with the positioning groove, and the spring device is installed between the support and the base. The rotatory cutting teeth of damping is installed in the shoulder position of drill bit, and along with the rotatory broken rock of drill bit, when the cutting teeth takes place the vibration, the spring assembly between tooth post and the base is compressed the energy storage, reduces the vibration damage, when vibration reduction cutting teeth reset, and the certain angle of cutting teeth rotation makes the cutting teeth can the homogeneous wear. The vibration reduction rotary cutting tooth has the characteristics of being beneficial to improving the rock breaking efficiency and prolonging the service life of a drill bit, simple in structure, mature in manufacturing process, low in cost, safe and reliable.

Description

Vibration damping rotary cutting tooth

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a drill bit cutting tooth in the fields of petroleum and natural gas drilling, geological exploration, mine drilling and coal bed gas development, in particular to a vibration reduction rotary cutting tooth.

Background

As the technology of polycrystalline diamond compact bits has evolved and PDC cutter technology has improved, fixed cutter PDC bits have been used for more complex operating conditions, which also present higher challenges to the performance of PDC bits.

Typically, the cutting teeth of a PDC bit are welded to blades, where the cutting teeth at different locations cut different areas of the rock, but the area of each cutting tooth that cuts the rock is substantially fixed.

In hard abrasive formations and complex directional drilling operations, the cutting teeth on the shoulder of the PDC drill bit are located on the outermost edge of the drill bit, because the cutting teeth are farther away from the central axis of the drill bit, the linear speed of the cutting teeth on the shoulder of the drill bit in the rotary drilling process is high, the local cutting area of the cutting teeth has high temperature, the wear resistance is poor, and therefore the cutting teeth are often dull firstly to lose the attack force, the service life of the drill bit is greatly limited, and the drilling cost is higher.

The conventional PDC drill bit adopts the conventional cylindrical shape design as the used teeth, the cutting teeth are cutting edges for breaking rock of the PDC drill bit, and the using effect of the PDC drill bit is determined by the performance of the cutting teeth. The good cutting tooth performance can improve the mechanical drilling speed and footage of the PDC drill bit, shorten the well construction period and reduce the comprehensive drilling cost.

The prior art has no structural design on the cutting surface of the diamond layer, and when the conventional plane cutting tooth is applied, the conventional plane cutting tooth is subjected to the action of bit pressure and the cutting tooth bites into the stratum in the drilling process, and rotates along the axis of the PDC bit to scrape and cut the stratum under the action of the torque output by a drilling tool, so that the rock breaking mechanism enables the conventional cutting tooth to have high speed advantage in the application of soft stratum with low compressive strength.

However, in the application of a hard stratum with high compressive strength, the difficulty of drilling the conventional cutting teeth into the stratum is greatly increased, and the high impact load generated by repeated impact of the cutting teeth and the hard stratum easily causes the breakage of the conventional cutting teeth under the condition of high rotating speed, so that the application of the PDC drill bit in the hard stratum is restricted.

Research and practice show that the fixed structure of the conventional cutting teeth can not uniformly wear the edges of the cutting teeth, and the dull portions only account for a few parts of the whole cutting teeth, aiming at the problems, the rotary cutting teeth are developed abroad and can automatically rotate to ensure that all the edges of the cutting teeth are uniformly worn, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and the service life of a drill bit is greatly prolonged.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need to design and develop a vibration-damping rotary cutting tooth which can reduce the adverse effect of vibration impact on the cutting tooth, can make the cutting tooth automatically rotate, ensures the uniform abrasion of the cutting tooth, and simultaneously meets the technical requirements and equipment requirements of the existing drilling process, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient maintenance.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a vibration-damping rotary cutting tooth aiming at the defects in the prior art.

The technical scheme is as follows:

rotatory cutting tooth of damping, including polycrystalline diamond layer, support, polycrystalline diamond layer sets firmly in the support upper end, the support slides and pegs graft in the base, and the surface of support is equipped with the constant head tank, and the base inner wall is equipped with the ball seat, and the ball seat and the constant head tank at the base inner wall are installed to the location ball.

Furthermore, the constant head tank is the wave and extends that the surface circumference of support extends, and end to end constitutes the wave guide way of circumference at the surface of support.

Further, the device also comprises a spring device; the spring device is installed between the support and the bottom of the base.

Furthermore, the locating grooves are uniformly arranged along the outer wall of the support.

Furthermore, the positioning balls are arranged in two or more groups and are symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction of the bracket.

Further, the polycrystalline diamond layer is welded on the bracket.

Furthermore, the positioning groove is filled with lubricating oil.

Furthermore, a non-return mechanism is processed in the positioning groove.

The field test result shows that the vibration-damping rotary cutting tooth can completely meet the technical requirements of the traditional drilling process in China, is suitable for various lithologic strata, and particularly has a very obvious speed-increasing effect when drilling in deep wells and ultra-deep wells in northwest and southwest work areas of China, greatly shortens the drilling period, reduces the drilling cost and obtains great economic and social benefits.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the adverse effect of vibration impact on the cutting teeth can be reduced, and the cutting teeth can automatically rotate, so that vibration reduction is achieved, the cutting teeth are protected, and the cutting teeth rotate and are uniformly abraded;

(2) the structure design is simple, the performance is reliable, the cost is low, and the large-scale popularization and use are convenient;

(3) the technical advantages of efficient rock breaking of the PDC drill bit are exerted to the maximum extent, the abrasion resistance of the cutting teeth is further enhanced, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vibration damped rotary cutting tooth in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a groove structure of a positioning groove according to the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: 1. polycrystalline diamond layer, 2 support, 3 base, 4 locating grooves, 5 locating balls and 6 spring devices.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.

Referring to the attached fig. 1 and 2 of the specification, the vibration-damping rotary cutting tooth mainly comprises a polycrystalline diamond layer 1, a support 2, a base 3, a positioning groove 4, a positioning ball 5 and a spring device 6.

Polycrystalline diamond layer 1 welds on support 2, and the surface processing constant head tank 4 of support 2, 3 inner walls of base are equipped with the ball seat.

The positioning ball 5 is arranged between the ball seat on the inner wall of the base 3 and the positioning groove 4 and can rotate freely.

The positioning grooves 4 extend along the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the support 2 in a wave shape, and are connected end to end on the outer surface of the support 2 to form a circumferential wave-shaped guide groove.

In this embodiment, a check mechanism can be further processed in the positioning groove 4.

The support 2 forms concentric relative rotation fit with the base 3 under the guiding fit action of the positioning ball 5 and the positioning groove 4, and generates reciprocating axial displacement along with the relative rotation.

The spring means 6 are mounted between the bottom of the support 2 and the bottom of the base 3.

The locating slot 4 is filled with lubricating oil, the locating slot 4 is evenly arranged along the outer wall of the support 2, and the locating balls 5 are arranged in two groups or more than two groups, and are evenly and symmetrically arranged, so that the support 2 keeps balance when rotating, and the abrasion is reduced.

The vibration reduction rotary cutting teeth are arranged in tooth grooves of the drill bit, and the base 3 is fixedly arranged in the tooth grooves by adopting a welding process. In the initial state, the positioning ball 5 is located at the bottom dead center of the positioning slot 4 under the action of the spring device 6. When the vibration reduction rotary cutting tooth breaks stratum rock, under the action of the rotary cutting force, the support 2 compresses the spring device 6, and vibration impact energy borne by the vibration reduction rotary cutting tooth is absorbed and buffered and stored. At support 2 compression spring device 6's in-process, when location ball 5 slided in constant head tank 4, support 2 rotated certain angle, and then made the rotatory certain angle of polycrystalline diamond layer, until location ball 5 is in the top dead center of constant head tank 4, processing has non return mechanism in the constant head tank 4, can prevent effectively that the support from reversing or not changeing the emergence of the condition. When the vibration impact is weakened, the spring device 6 is recovered to push the support 2 to reset, the positioning ball 5 drives the support 2 to rotate for a certain angle again in the process of sliding towards the lower dead point in the positioning groove 4, and the process is repeated along with the vibration, so that the aims of vibration reduction, protection of the cutting teeth and uniform abrasion of the rotation of the cutting teeth are fulfilled.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

the vibration reduction rotary cutting tooth is arranged in a tooth groove of a drill bit, a base is fixedly arranged in the tooth groove by adopting a welding process, a positioning ball is positioned at a lower stop point (A point) of a positioning groove under the action of a spring device in an initial state, when the vibration reduction rotary cutting tooth breaks stratum rocks, a support compresses the spring device under the action of the rotary cutting force, the vibration impact energy received by the buffer cutting tooth is absorbed and stored, in the process of compressing the spring device by the support, the support rotates for a certain angle while the positioning ball slides in the positioning groove, so that a polycrystalline diamond layer rotates for a certain angle until the positioning ball is positioned at an upper stop point (B point) of the positioning groove, a non-return mechanism is processed in the positioning groove, the condition that the support is reversed or not rotated can be effectively prevented, when the vibration impact is weakened, the spring device recovers to push the support to reset, and the positioning ball slides to the lower stop point in the positioning groove, the support is driven to rotate for a certain angle again, and the process is repeated along with the vibration, so that the aims of vibration reduction and protection of the cutting teeth and uniform abrasion of the cutting teeth in rotation are fulfilled.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. Rotatory cutting teeth of damping, including polycrystalline diamond layer (1), support (2), polycrystalline diamond layer (1) sets firmly in support (2) upper end, its characterized in that, support (2) slide and peg graft in base (3), and the surface of support (2) is equipped with constant head tank (4), and base (3) inner wall is equipped with the ball seat, and install in the ball seat and constant head tank (4) of base (3) inner wall location ball (5).

2. The vibration reducing rotary cutting tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning groove (4) extends in a wave shape along the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the holder (2), and the wave-shaped guide groove is formed in a circumferential direction by connecting the positioning groove end to end on the outer surface of the holder (2).

3. The vibration reducing rotary cutting tooth according to claim 2, further comprising spring means (6); the spring device (6) is arranged between the support (2) and the bottom of the base (3).

4. The vibration reducing rotary cutting tooth according to claim 3, characterized in that the positioning grooves (4) are evenly arranged along the outer wall of the holder (2).

5. The vibration reducing rotary cutting tooth according to claim 3, wherein the positioning balls (5) are arranged in two or more groups symmetrically in the circumferential direction of the holder (2).

6. A vibration reducing rotary cutting tooth according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the polycrystalline diamond layer (1) is welded on top of the carrier (2).

7. Vibration dampening rotating cutting tooth according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the positioning groove (4) is filled with lubricating oil.

8. Vibration dampening rotating cutting tooth according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a non-return mechanism is machined in the positioning groove (4).

Images