CN215527913U - Coaxial waveguide adapter - Google Patents
Coaxial waveguide adapter Download PDFInfo
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- CN215527913U CN215527913U CN202121306300.4U CN202121306300U CN215527913U CN 215527913 U CN215527913 U CN 215527913U CN 202121306300 U CN202121306300 U CN 202121306300U CN 215527913 U CN215527913 U CN 215527913U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a coaxial-waveguide adapter, which comprises a metal shell and a coaxial connector, wherein a parasitic cavity and a rectangular waveguide cavity are arranged in the metal shell, a coaxial connector jack penetrating through the surface of the metal shell and communicated with the parasitic cavity is arranged on the metal shell, a step structure with a smooth surface is formed by the protrusion of the inner wall of the metal shell, and the step structure is positioned between the parasitic cavity and the rectangular waveguide cavity. The coaxial waveguide adapter provided by the utility model realizes the conversion and impedance matching of the electromagnetic wave propagation mode from the coaxial transmission line to the rectangular waveguide by arranging the parasitic cavity, the step structure and the rectangular waveguide cavity, and realizes the transmission performance of low loss and low reflection in a wide frequency band range; by arranging the parasitic cavity, the use of a stepped impedance converter is avoided, the structure is more compact, the compatibility and flexibility of the structure processing technology are enhanced, the integrated manufacture of the metal shell of the coaxial waveguide adapter becomes possible, and the difficulty and the cost of assembly are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to a coaxial waveguide adapter.
Background
The coaxial-waveguide adapter is one of passive standard components used for microwave network measurement, and is used for realizing propagation mode conversion and impedance matching between two microwave transmission lines of a coaxial line and a waveguide. The coaxial-waveguide adapter needs to have the technical characteristics of low transmission loss, compact structure, and convenient processing and assembly. In the conventional technology, discontinuity structures such as a stepped impedance transformation section or a multi-level ridge waveguide are usually arranged in a rectangular waveguide for realizing broadband transition from a coaxial transmission line to the rectangular waveguide, and the discontinuity structures have the following disadvantages: when the milling and manufacturing are carried out by adopting Computer Numerical Control (CNC), the processing is required to be split into a plurality of blocks, and then splicing and assembling are carried out; the discontinuity structure for transition is not completely compatible with a 3-D printing process, and if the 3-D printing process is used for expecting to integrally manufacture the coaxial-waveguide adapter with the traditional structure, the post-processing difficulty is high, and the quality of the adapter is difficult to ensure; the waveguide length required by a discontinuous transition structure such as a stepped impedance transformation section or a multi-level ridge waveguide is too long, and the compactness of the adapter structure is sacrificed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a coaxial waveguide adapter, and aims to provide a structural solution of the coaxial waveguide adapter which is compact in structure and highly compatible with CNC and 3-D printing processes, and the structural compatibility and the selection flexibility of the coaxial waveguide adapter to the processing process are enhanced while broadband and low-loss transmission performance is obtained, so that the coaxial waveguide adapter can be manufactured integrally, and the difficulty and the cost of assembly are obviously reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that: the coaxial-waveguide adapter comprises a metal shell and a coaxial connector, wherein a parasitic cavity and a rectangular waveguide cavity are arranged inside the metal shell, a coaxial connector jack which penetrates through the surface of the metal shell and is communicated with the parasitic cavity is arranged on the metal shell, the coaxial connector is inserted into the coaxial connector jack, the inner wall of the metal shell protrudes to form a step structure with a smooth surface, and the step structure is located between the parasitic cavity and the rectangular waveguide cavity.
In one embodiment, the axis of the coaxial connector jack is perpendicular to the broad side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the axis of the coaxial connector jack is located on the median vertical plane of the broad side of the rectangular waveguide cavity.
In one embodiment, one side of the parasitic cavity is communicated with the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the other side of the parasitic cavity is provided with a short-circuit surface, and the distance between the short-circuit surface and the axis of the coaxial connector jack is a quarter of the waveguide wavelength.
In one embodiment, one end of the metal shell is provided with a waveguide flange, and the waveguide flange is provided with a rectangular waveguide port communicated with the rectangular waveguide cavity.
In one embodiment, the edge of the parasitic cavity is rounded.
In one embodiment, the rectangular waveguide cavity comprises a first cavity communicated with the parasitic cavity, and an edge of the first cavity is arranged in a round corner shape.
In one embodiment, the rectangular waveguide cavity further includes a transition cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity, the transition cavity and the second cavity are sequentially communicated, and the cross section of the second cavity is rectangular.
In one embodiment, the first cavity, the transition cavity and the second cavity are arranged with equal width and equal height.
In one embodiment, the surface of the metal shell is convexly provided with positioning columns for positioning the coaxial connector.
In one embodiment, the number of the positioning columns is two, the positioning columns are respectively arranged on two sides of the coaxial connector jack and are symmetrically arranged around the vertical plane in the wide side of the rectangular waveguide cavity.
The coaxial waveguide adapter provided by the utility model has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the coaxial-waveguide adapter realizes the electromagnetic wave propagation mode conversion and impedance matching from the coaxial transmission line to the rectangular waveguide by arranging the parasitic cavity, the step structure and the rectangular waveguide cavity, and realizes the transmission performance of low loss and low reflection in a wide frequency band range. The coaxial waveguide adapter is provided with the parasitic cavity, so that a step impedance converter is avoided, the structure is more compact, the compatibility and flexibility of the structure processing technology are enhanced by arranging the edges in part of the cavity into a round angle shape, the integrated manufacture of the coaxial waveguide adapter becomes possible, and the difficulty and the cost of the assembly are obviously reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a coaxial waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective half sectional view of a coaxial waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken along the centerline of the broad side of a rectangular waveguide cavity;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a simulated model of an internal cavity of a coaxial waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4(a) is a scattering parameter (S) simulated and measured by a coaxial waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention11、S12、S21And S22) A frequency response plot at the full Ka band;
FIG. 4(b) is S in FIG. 4(a)12And S21A zoomed-in view of the parameter;
FIG. 5 is a graph of simulated and measured RF loss for a coaxial-waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows scattering parameters (S) obtained by a pair of coaxial waveguide adapters in a through state after dual-port calibration of a vector network analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention11And S21) Curve lineFigure (a).
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
1-a metal housing; 11-a parasitic cavity; 12-a step structure; 13-rectangular waveguide cavity; 131-a first cavity; 132-a transition cavity; 133-a second cavity; 14-coaxial connector jack; 15-a positioning column; 2-a waveguide flange; 21-rectangular waveguide port; 22-a through hole; 3-a coaxial connector; 31-inner conductor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "height," "upper," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
A description will now be given of a coaxial-waveguide adapter provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in which fig. 1 is a perspective structural view of a coaxial waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a perspective half-sectional view of the coaxial waveguide adapter along a center line of a broad side of a rectangular waveguide cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention. The coaxial waveguide adapter includes a metal housing 1 and a coaxial connector 3, and the metal housing 1 may be made of metal or may be made of a non-metal material by molding and then coating the entire surface thereof with a metal material. The metal shell 1 is internally provided with a parasitic cavity 11 and a rectangular waveguide cavity 13, one part of the metal shell 1 is a rectangular waveguide which is arranged in a hollow manner, and the internal cavity of the metal shell is the rectangular waveguide cavity 13. The inner wall of the metal shell 1 protrudes to form a step structure 12, and the step structure 12 is located between the parasitic cavity 11 and the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 to separate the parasitic cavity 11 from the rectangular waveguide cavity 13. The parasitic cavity 11 functions to achieve broadband impedance matching. The surface of the step structure 12 is smoothly arranged, discontinuity structures such as a step impedance transformation section or a multi-level ridge waveguide do not need to be designed, the CNC process and the 3-D printing process are compatible, the metal shell 1 can be integrally manufactured, and the assembling difficulty and the assembling cost of the coaxial waveguide adapter are obviously reduced. The metal shell 1 is provided with a coaxial connector jack 14, and the coaxial connector jack 14 penetrates through the metal shell 1 and is communicated with the parasitic cavity 11. The coaxial connector 3 has an inner conductor 31 for insertion into the inside of the coaxial connector jack 14, and the hole wall of the coaxial connector jack 14 serves as an outer conductor of the coaxial transmission line.
In the coaxial waveguide adapter in the above embodiment, by providing the parasitic cavity 11, the step structure 12, and the rectangular waveguide cavity 13, the electromagnetic wave propagation mode conversion and the impedance matching from the coaxial transmission line to the rectangular waveguide are realized, and the transmission performance of low loss and low reflection is realized in a wide frequency band range. The coaxial waveguide adapter is provided with the parasitic cavity 11, so that a step impedance converter is avoided, the structure is more compact, the compatibility and flexibility of the structure processing technology are enhanced by arranging part of inner edges of the cavity into a round angle shape, the integrated manufacture of the coaxial waveguide adapter becomes possible, and the difficulty and the cost of the assembly are obviously reduced.
The cross section of the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 is rectangular, one end of the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 in the length direction is communicated with the parasitic cavity 11, and the other end of the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 in the length direction forms a rectangular waveguide port 21. Optimally, the wide side of the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the coaxial connector jack 14, and the narrow side of the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 is arranged parallel to the axis of the coaxial connector jack 14. The axis of the coaxial connector jack 14 is located on the perpendicular plane of the broad side of the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 to excite the main mode TE of the rectangular waveguide10And the mode avoids exciting a higher-order mode of the rectangular waveguide.
Referring to fig. 2, one side of the parasitic cavity 11 is communicated with the rectangular waveguide cavity 13, and the other side has a short-circuit surface, and the distance between the short-circuit surface and the axis of the coaxial connector jack 14 is about a quarter of the waveguide wavelength.
In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a simulation model of an inner cavity of a coaxial waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. The rectangular waveguide cavity 13 includes a first cavity 131, and the first cavity 131 is communicated with the parasitic cavity 11, that is, the step structure 12 is located between the first cavity 131 and the parasitic cavity 11. The rectangular waveguide cavity 13 is arranged in a rectangular strip shape, the edge of the first cavity 131 is arranged in a fillet shape, and the edge of the parasitic cavity 11 is also arranged in a fillet shape, so that the inner wall forms a smooth curved surface, and the compatibility and flexibility of the structure processing technology are enhanced.
Optionally, the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 further includes a transition cavity 132 and a second cavity 133, the first cavity 131, the transition cavity 132 and the second cavity 133 are sequentially communicated, and one end of the second cavity 133, which is far away from the transition cavity 132, forms the rectangular waveguide port 21. The first cavity 131, the transition cavity 132 and the second cavity 133 are arranged in the same width and height, and the three cavities are different in that: each edge of the first cavity 131 is rounded, the cross section of the second cavity 133 is rectangular, that is, each edge is reserved, and the transition cavity 132 is a transition section from the first cavity 131 to the second cavity 133. The provision of the transition cavity 132 and the second cavity 133 serves to elongate the rectangular waveguide cavity 13, so as to leave sufficient space on the metal housing 1 for mounting the coaxial connector for practical testing use.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an end of the metal housing 1 has a waveguide flange 2, which can be understood to be disposed at an end of the second cavity 133 away from the transition cavity 132. The waveguide flange 2 is provided with a rectangular waveguide port 21 communicated with the rectangular waveguide cavity 13, the waveguide flange 2 is further provided with a plurality of through holes 22 for screw connection with an external circuit, and the number of the through holes 22 is four. The dimensions of the waveguide flange 2 and the through hole 22 are those of a WR-28 standard rectangular waveguide flange and a through hole in the standard of national code BJ 100.
Referring to fig. 1, a positioning post 15 is protruded on the surface of the metal housing 1, and the positioning post 15 is used for positioning and mounting the coaxial connector 3. The number of the positioning posts 15 can be two or four, and the positioning posts need to be arranged according to the number and size specifications of through holes on an actual coaxial connector. For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the positioning pillars 15 is two, the two positioning pillars are respectively disposed on two sides of the coaxial connector jack 14, and are symmetrically disposed about a vertical plane in a broad side of the rectangular waveguide.
In order to verify the radio frequency performance of the coaxial waveguide adapter provided by the embodiment of the utility model, a metal shell 1 of the coaxial waveguide adapter is manufactured by milling copper by adopting a five-axis CNC (computer numerical control) process, the metal shell 1 is split into two parts along the plane where the center line of the wide side of the rectangular waveguide is located and is processed respectively, the split metal shell 1 is assembled by using screws, the coaxial connector is adhered to the metal shell 1 by using high-conductivity silver epoxy resin, and the silver epoxy resin is heated and cured to complete the assembly of the coaxial waveguide adapter. Note that the metal shell 1 may also be integrally manufactured and molded by a high-precision non-metal or metal 3-D printing process, and for the non-metal 3-D printing process, the metallization of the metal shell 1 needs to be completed by an electroless copper plating and electroless silver plating process. Similarly, the coaxial connector 3 needs to be adhesively fixed to the 3-D printed metal housing 1 with a high conductivity silver epoxy to complete the assembly of the coaxial-waveguide adapter.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, fig. 4 is a graph showing scattering parameter (S parameter) curves of simulation and measurement of a coaxial waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention, where S is shown in fig. 4(a)11、S12、S21And S22The frequency response curve of the parameter in the Ka full frequency band is shown as S in FIG. 4(b)12And S21A zoomed-in view of the parameter;
fig. 5 is a graph illustrating simulated and measured rf loss for a coaxial waveguide adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the simulation and measurement results of the coaxial-waveguide adapter provided by the embodiment of the utility model are close, and the measurement result meets the practical engineering application requirements. The return loss of the coaxial port and the waveguide port measured by a single coaxial-waveguide adapter is respectively superior to 17.5 dB and 19dB, the measured insertion loss is less than 0.5dB, and the measured total radio frequency loss (1- | S) including the conductor loss and the dielectric loss11|2-|S21|2) Less than 0.4 dB. The measured port return loss is somewhat deteriorated compared with the simulation result due to the machining error of the metal shell and the assembly error of the coaxial connector.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a scattering parameter curve diagram in a through state obtained after a pair of coaxial waveguide adapters provided by an embodiment of the present invention is used for dual-port calibration of a vector network analyzer, and a calibration result is compared with a calibration result obtained by using a pair of conventional commercial coaxial waveguide adapters, where the number of sweep points is 20001, the intermediate frequency bandwidth (IF BW) is 1KHz, and calibration is performed by using a TRL calibration method with waveguide dual ports. As can be seen from the results of fig. 6, the results of calibrating the network analyzer by using the pair of coaxial waveguide adapters provided by the embodiment of the present invention are very close to the results of calibrating the network analyzer by using the conventional commercial coaxial waveguide adapters, so that the present invention achieves an excellent calibration effect, and is completely applicable to the measurement of the actual waveguide device, which indicates that the embodiment of the present invention has a wide engineering practical value.
The key structural dimensions of the coaxial waveguide adapter used in fig. 4 to 6 are as follows, and the structural dimensions of the coaxial waveguide adapter are not limited to the following dimensions.
The rectangular waveguide port 21 has a length and width of 7.112 mm and 3.556 mm, respectively; the coaxial connector 3 used a 2.92-mm gauge dielectric bulkhead connector with an inner conductor 318 having a diameter of 0.3 mm and a length of 4.5 mm, a dielectric layer thickness of 1.67 mm and a length of 3 mm.
The metal shell 1 (without the waveguide flange 2) has a length of 15.112 mm, a width of 13.2 mm and a height of 8.47 mm, and the thickness of the metal shell 1 is set between 2.1 and 4 mm to ensure the mechanical strength and the assembly size of the metal shell 1.
The axis of the inner conductor 31 of the coaxial connector 3 is 2.3 mm away from the short-circuit surface of the parasitic cavity 11, and the bottom end of the inner conductor 31 is 4.5 mm away from the outer upper surface of the metal shell 1. The parasitic cavity 11 has a width of 7.112 mm, a height of 4.106 mm, and a length of 3 mm. The width of the step structure 12 formed between the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 and the parasitic cavity 11 is 7.112 mm, and the distance from the top end of the step structure 12 to the top surface of the rectangular waveguide cavity 13 is 3 mm.
In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed structures and methods of fabrication may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described coaxial-waveguide adapter embodiment configurations are merely illustrative and merely physical configurations that may be implemented. In practice, the design principle of the coaxial waveguide adapter can be followed to design other working frequency bands. In addition, the metal shell 1 of the coaxial waveguide adapter can also be manufactured integrally and quickly by selecting 3-D printing technology.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coaxial-waveguide adapter, comprising: including metal casing and coaxial connector, metal casing's inside has parasitic cavity and rectangular waveguide cavity, metal casing is last to have run through its surface and with the coaxial connector jack of parasitic cavity intercommunication, coaxial connector inserts in the coaxial connector jack, the protruding stair structure that forms the surperficial smoothness of inner wall of metal casing, just stair structure is located parasitic cavity with between the rectangular waveguide cavity.
2. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 1, wherein: the axis of the coaxial connector jack is perpendicular to the wide side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the axis of the coaxial connector jack is located on the vertical plane of the wide side of the rectangular waveguide cavity.
3. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 1, wherein: one side of the parasitic cavity is communicated with the rectangular waveguide cavity, the other side of the parasitic cavity is provided with a short-circuit surface, and the distance between the short-circuit surface and the axis of the coaxial connector jack is one-quarter of the waveguide wavelength.
4. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 1, wherein: and one end of the metal shell is provided with a waveguide flange plate, and the waveguide flange plate is provided with a rectangular waveguide port communicated with the rectangular waveguide cavity.
5. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 1, wherein: the edge of the parasitic cavity is arranged in a fillet shape.
6. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 1, wherein: the rectangular waveguide cavity comprises a first cavity communicated with the parasitic cavity, and the edge of the first cavity is in a round angle shape.
7. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 6, wherein: the rectangular waveguide cavity further comprises a transition cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity, the transition cavity and the second cavity are sequentially communicated, and the cross section of the second cavity is rectangular.
8. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 7, wherein: the first cavity, the transition cavity and the second cavity are arranged in an equal width and equal height mode.
9. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 1, wherein: and a positioning column for positioning the coaxial connector is convexly arranged on the surface of the metal shell.
10. The coaxial-waveguide adapter of claim 9, wherein: the number of the positioning columns is two, the positioning columns are respectively arranged on two sides of the jack of the coaxial connector and are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical plane in the wide edge of the rectangular waveguide cavity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121306300.4U CN215527913U (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Coaxial waveguide adapter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121306300.4U CN215527913U (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Coaxial waveguide adapter |
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| CN215527913U true CN215527913U (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115513629A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Ku-waveband high-power microwave coaxial waveguide converter |
| CN115966870A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-14 | 西安艾力特电子实业有限公司 | Coaxial rectangular waveguide conversion structure used near cut-off frequency |
-
2021
- 2021-06-10 CN CN202121306300.4U patent/CN215527913U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115513629A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Ku-waveband high-power microwave coaxial waveguide converter |
| CN115966870A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-14 | 西安艾力特电子实业有限公司 | Coaxial rectangular waveguide conversion structure used near cut-off frequency |
| CN115966870B (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-08-25 | 西安艾力特电子实业有限公司 | Coaxial rectangular waveguide conversion structure near cut-off frequency |
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