CN215513682U

CN215513682U - Energy absorption device of railway vehicle and railway vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN215513682U
Application number: CN202121396637.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王晋乐; 赵辉; 杨则云; 刘龙玺; 李树海; 田洪雷
Original assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-22
Filing date: 2021-06-22
Publication date: 2022-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-22

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy absorption device of a railway vehicle and the railway vehicle, wherein the energy absorption device of the railway vehicle comprises an energy absorption part, an anti-climbing part and a guide piece; the anti-climbing part is provided with anti-climbing teeth, the energy absorption part is connected to the rear end of the anti-climbing part, the front end of the guide piece is fixed with the anti-climbing part, the rear end of the guide piece penetrates through the energy absorption part, and the anti-climbing part can compress the energy absorption part and push the guide piece to move backwards relative to the energy absorption part under the action of collision force; the energy absorption part is sequentially provided with a plurality of energy absorption units from front to back, energy absorption pieces are respectively filled in the energy absorption units, the side wall of the energy absorption unit arranged on the front side is provided with an induction structure, when the energy absorption part is compressed, the energy absorption part can be folded and deformed along the induction structure, and the side wall of the energy absorption unit arranged on the rear side is provided with a reinforcing structure. The energy absorption device can ensure that the deformation of the energy absorption device is orderly and controllable in the collision process while having a longer energy absorption stroke, and the collision resistance of the railway vehicle is improved.

Description

Energy absorption device of railway vehicle and railway vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to an energy absorption device of a railway vehicle and the railway vehicle.

Background

In recent years, the importance of collision safety of rail transit is increasing at home and abroad, and the design of vehicle body collision resistance becomes a key technology which needs to be emphasized when designing new vehicle types of various rail vehicles. The main idea of the design of the collision resistance of the car body is that a special energy absorption device is arranged in the car body structure, so that when a collision accident occurs, the rail car can absorb huge impact energy through plastic deformation of the energy absorption device, thereby ensuring that the structure of a cab and a passenger room is prevented from being damaged, and ensuring the life safety of drivers and passengers. Therefore, the energy absorption device is a key part of the collision-resistant vehicle body, and the energy absorption performance and the crushing deformation stability of the energy absorption device directly determine the collision resistance of the vehicle body.

In the process of train collision, the longer the structure length of the energy absorption device which can stably play the energy absorption role is, the more the absorbed energy is, the longer the collision buffering time is, the lighter the train passengers and the train are injured, the better the collision resistance performance of the train is, but the longer the length of the energy absorption device is, the more difficultly the orderly and controllable deformation mode is ensured in the collision process, and how to provide the energy absorption device, the longer the energy absorption stroke is, the orderly and controllable deformation of the energy absorption device in the collision process can be ensured, so that the collision resistance performance of the rail vehicle is improved, and the technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field is solved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an energy absorption device of a railway vehicle and the railway vehicle, which can ensure that the deformation of the railway vehicle is orderly and controllable in the collision process while having a longer energy absorption stroke, and improve the collision resistance of the railway vehicle.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an energy absorption device of a railway vehicle, which comprises an energy absorption part, an anti-creep part and a guide piece, wherein the energy absorption part is arranged on the rail vehicle; the anti-climbing part is provided with anti-climbing teeth, the energy absorption part is connected to the rear end of the anti-climbing part, the front end of the guide piece is fixed with the anti-climbing part, the rear end of the guide piece penetrates through the energy absorption part, and the anti-climbing part can compress the energy absorption part and push the guide piece to move backwards relative to the energy absorption part under the action of collision force; the energy absorption part is sequentially provided with a plurality of energy absorption units from front to back, energy absorption pieces are respectively filled in the energy absorption units, the side wall of each energy absorption unit arranged on the front side is provided with an induction structure, when the energy absorption part is compressed, the energy absorption part can be folded and deformed along the induction structure, and the side wall of each energy absorption unit arranged on the rear side is provided with a reinforcing structure.

The structural strength of each energy-absorbing unit is gradually enhanced from front to back, when collision occurs, the energy-absorbing part is integrally deformed, meanwhile, the energy-absorbing unit positioned at the front end is preferentially subjected to larger fold deformation and is integrally extruded to move backwards, and the energy-absorbing unit positioned at the rear side is finally subjected to larger fold deformation, so that in the process of collision extrusion, the deformation of the energy-absorbing part is guided, the integral deformation of the energy-absorbing part in the collision process is more orderly and controllable, the energy-absorbing effect of the energy-absorbing part is ensured, and the collision resistance of the rail vehicle is improved.

Optionally, the inducing structures are strip-shaped grooves or strip-shaped bulges, and the strip-shaped grooves or the strip-shaped bulges are perpendicular to the axis of the guide piece; and/or the reinforcing structure comprises a rib.

Optionally, the energy absorbing portion includes a first cavity, at least one second cavity, and at least one third cavity, and each cavity forms one energy absorbing unit; the first cavity and the second cavity are arranged at the front end of the shell and are respectively provided with the induction structures, and the length of the induction structure arranged in the first cavity and the length of the induction structure arranged in the second cavity are gradually reduced from front to back; the third cavity is arranged at the rear end of the second cavity, and the reinforcing structure is arranged in the third cavity.

Optionally, the inducing structure disposed in the first cavity is a through groove disposed along a side wall of the housing.

Optionally, the number of the third cavities is at least two, and the number of the ribs in each third cavity is gradually increased from front to back.

Optionally, when the number of the ribs in the third cavity is at least two, the ribs are arranged at intervals along a preset direction, and the preset direction is perpendicular to the front-back direction.

Optionally, the energy absorbing portion further comprises at least one fourth cavity disposed between the second cavity and the third cavity.

Optionally, the energy absorbing portion further includes a shell and a partition board, and the partition board is inserted into a side wall of the shell and partitions the shell to form the plurality of energy absorbing units.

Optionally, the distance between two adjacent partition plates is gradually reduced from front to back.

Optionally, the energy absorbing member is an aluminum honeycomb, the energy absorbing member is in clearance fit with the side wall of the shell, and the energy absorbing member is in interference fit with the partition plate.

Optionally, the casing includes two half shells with a U-shaped cross section, two open ends of the half shells are opposite and fixed by welding, and the inducing structure and the reinforcing structure are disposed on a complete side of the half shells.

Optionally, the housing is of a cone structure, and a sectional area of a front end of the housing is smaller than a sectional area of a rear end of the housing.

The utility model also provides a railway vehicle which comprises the energy absorption device.

The technical effect of the rail vehicle with the energy absorption device is similar to that of the energy absorption device, and is not repeated herein for saving space.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy absorption device of a railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the energy absorber device in the absence of a half shell and energy absorber;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the housing.

In the accompanying fig. 1-4, the reference numerals are illustrated as follows:

100-an energy absorbing portion; 200-an anti-climbing part, 201-an anti-climbing tooth, 202-a mounting plate; 300-a guide; 400-mounting seat, 401-mounting hole;

1-a first cavity; 2-a second cavity; 3-a third cavity; 4-a fourth cavity; 5-through groove; 6-strip-shaped bulges; 7-convex ribs; 8-shell, 81-full side, 82-jack; 9-a separator; 10 energy absorbing element.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an energy absorption device of a railway vehicle and the railway vehicle, wherein the railway vehicle comprises the energy absorption device, the rear end of the energy absorption device is provided with a mounting seat 400, the mounting seat 400 is provided with a mounting hole 401, and the energy absorption device can be mounted on the railway vehicle through the mounting hole 401 and a fastener. When the rail vehicle has a collision accident, huge impact energy can be absorbed through the plastic deformation of the energy absorption device, so that the structure of a cab and a passenger room is prevented from being damaged, and the life safety of drivers and passengers is guaranteed.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the energy absorbing device of the rail vehicle comprises an energy absorbing part 100, an anti-climbing part 200 and a guide 300, wherein the anti-climbing part 200 comprises a mounting plate 202 and anti-climbing teeth 201 arranged on the mounting plate 202, the energy absorbing part 100 is connected to the rear end of the anti-climbing part 200, the front end of the guide 300 is fixed to the mounting plate 202 of the anti-climbing part 200, the rear end of the guide 300 passes through the energy absorbing part 100 and moves in the front-rear direction (the length direction of the energy absorbing part 100) relative to the energy absorbing part 100, when a collision occurs, the anti-climbing teeth 201 of two rows of vehicle anti-climbing parts 200 can be matched with each other to prevent the rail vehicle from climbing and folding under the effect of the collision force to cause larger loss, meanwhile, the energy absorbing part 100 also has the function of absorbing energy, specifically generates plastic deformation by being compressed to absorb the energy of the collision, the arrangement of the guide 300 ensures that the energy absorbing part 100 moves from front to back in the whole during the deformation, and further, in the collision process, the energy absorption part 100 can realize the energy absorption function through orderly and controllable deformation, so that the collision resistance of the railway vehicle is improved.

Specifically, the energy absorbing part 100 is sequentially provided with a plurality of energy absorbing units from front to back, each energy absorbing unit is filled with an energy absorbing piece 10, the guide piece 300 sequentially penetrates through each energy absorbing unit, the side wall of the energy absorbing unit positioned on the front side is provided with an inducing structure which is a pre-deformation structure arranged on the side wall of the energy absorbing part 100, the structural strength of the energy absorbing unit provided with the inducing structure is relatively weak, the side wall of the energy absorbing unit positioned on the back side is provided with a reinforcing structure, the overall structural strength of the energy absorbing unit is relatively strong, when collision occurs, each energy absorbing unit can be extruded and deformed, the overall length of the energy absorbing part 100 is extruded and shortened, the guide piece 300 moves backwards relative to the energy absorbing part 100, the guide piece 300 can guide the deformation of each energy absorbing unit, so that each energy absorbing unit is integrally extruded and moves backwards in the deformation process, and the deflection situation is reduced, meanwhile, the side wall of the energy absorption unit provided with the induction structure is easy to wrinkle and deform at the induction structure, and the energy absorption unit positioned at the rear side is deformed greatly due to high structural strength.

That is, the structural strength of each energy absorption unit is gradually enhanced from front to back, when a collision occurs, the energy absorption part 100 is deformed as a whole, meanwhile, the energy absorption unit positioned at the front end is preferentially subjected to larger wrinkle deformation and is extruded integrally to move backwards, and the energy absorption unit positioned at the rearmost side is finally subjected to larger wrinkle deformation, so that in the process of collision extrusion, the deformation of the energy absorption part 100 is guided, the integral deformation of the energy absorption part 100 in the collision process is more orderly and controllable, the energy absorption effect of the energy absorption part 100 is ensured, and the collision resistance of the rail vehicle is improved.

In this embodiment, the inducing structure is a strip-shaped groove or a strip-shaped bulge 6 arranged on the side wall of the energy-absorbing unit, the strip-shaped groove or the strip-shaped bulge 6 is a strip-shaped structure and is arranged perpendicular to the front-back direction, when a collision occurs, the side wall of the energy-absorbing unit is extruded along the front-back direction, wrinkle deformation easily occurs at the strip-shaped structure, the reinforcing structure comprises a convex rib 7, the convex rib 7 is arranged along the front-back direction, namely the reinforcing direction of the reinforcing structure is the same as the collision direction, so that the structural strength of the energy-absorbing unit positioned at the rear side is increased, and the energy-absorbing unit deforms at last.

The energy-absorbing device that this embodiment provided, because the deformation that takes place is orderly, controllable in the collision course, consequently, energy-absorbing portion 100 can set up longer in the front and back direction, promote its absorptive capacity to collision energy, and then increase the time of striking buffering, make the injury that passenger and vehicle received just lighter, promote the crashworthiness performance of train and driver and passenger's security, it is concrete, the whole length of energy-absorbing portion 100 and the length of energy-absorbing unit, quantity etc. can set up according to specific space condition etc..

The energy absorbing part 100 comprises a first cavity 1, a second cavity 2 and a third cavity 3, wherein the number of the second cavity 2 and the third cavity 3 is at least one, each cavity (each of the first cavity 1, the second cavity 2 and the third cavity 3) can form an energy absorbing unit, specifically, the first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are arranged at the front end of the energy absorbing part 100 and are respectively provided with an induction structure, the second cavity 2 is arranged at the rear end of the first cavity 1, the length of the induction structure arranged in the first cavity 1 and the length of the induction structure arranged in the second cavity 2 are gradually reduced from front to back, the induction structure is a pre-deformation structure arranged on the side wall of the cavity, the longer the pre-deformation structure is, the weaker the stronger the structure strength is, the more easily the wrinkle deformation is generated at the position during collision extrusion, the induction structure on the side wall of the first cavity 1 is the longest, and the wrinkle deformation is generated at the first, the second cavity 2 is subjected to larger fold deformation from front to back in sequence, so that a guiding effect is provided for the whole deformation. The third cavity 3 is arranged at the rear side, the third cavity 3 is provided with the reinforcing structure, the structural strength is higher,

first cavity 1 is located the foremost end of energy-absorbing portion 100, and it takes place great deformation at first, and the induced structure of locating this first cavity 1 is the bar groove, and this bar groove is for locating logical groove 5 of 1 lateral wall of first cavity, leads to the setting of groove 5, can make the length maximize of this induced structure, reduces the deformation peak value power of first cavity 1, is convenient for provide the guide to the deformation of each cavity in later stage.

For the induction structure of second cavity 2, can be the bar groove also can be bar bulge 6 all can, when the induction structure is the bar groove, the lateral wall of inside energy-absorbing piece 10 also corresponds with the bar groove of second cavity 2 lateral wall, the lateral wall of energy-absorbing piece 10 also corresponds the groove structure that is equipped with the bar promptly, in this embodiment, the induction structure that will locate each second cavity 2 all sets up to bar bulge 6, as shown in the figure, each bar bulge 6 all is the strip, the length of each bar bulge 6 is shortened gradually by preceding to back, and the length of the bar bulge 6 of first second cavity 2 will be less than the length of locating logical groove 5 of first cavity 1.

The number of the third cavities 3 is at least two, and each the number of the convex ribs 7 in the third cavities 3 is gradually increased from front to back, that is, the number of the convex ribs 7 of the third cavities 3 positioned on the front side is less than the number of the reinforcing ribs of the third cavities 3 positioned on the back side, that is, the number of the convex ribs 7 of the third cavities 3 positioned on the back side is more, the structural strength is larger, that is, the structural strength of each third cavity 3 is gradually increased from front to back, and the deformation of each third cavity 3 is guided conveniently. Or, in this embodiment, the structural strength of each third cavity 3 can be gradually enhanced from front to back by the size, thickness, and the like of the ribs 7, and when the strength is gradually changed by the number of the ribs 7, the specifications of the ribs 7 can be set to be consistent, so that the flexibility can be improved. When the quantity of protruding muscle 7 is at least two, each protruding muscle 7 is along predetermineeing the direction interval arrangement to predetermineeing the direction and being perpendicular with the fore-and-aft direction, with each protruding muscle 7 interval arrangement, can guarantee that the structural strength of casing 8 is even, avoids taking place the condition of incline when warping, guarantees that whole deformation is orderly, controllable.

The energy absorbing portion 100 further includes at least one fourth cavity 4, the fourth cavity 4 is disposed between the second cavity 2 and the third cavity 3, specifically, the fourth cavity 4 may not be provided with the above-mentioned inducing structure and the reinforcing structure, the fourth cavity 4 can be excessive between the second cavity 2 and the fourth cavity 4, and an energy absorbing unit is formed, so that the structural strength of each energy absorbing unit is gradually increased from front to back. Specifically, the number of the fourth cavities 4 is not limited. As shown in fig. 1, the number of the second cavity 2, the third cavity 3, and the fourth cavity 4 is three, and there are ten cavities in total, which can be specifically arranged according to the actual space and other conditions.

The energy absorbing portion 100 further comprises a shell 8 and a partition plate 9, wherein the partition plate 9 is inserted into the side wall of the shell 8 and separates the shell 8 into the plurality of energy absorbing units, or the energy absorbing units can be separately arranged, and meanwhile, the guide piece 300 sequentially penetrates through the energy absorbing units, and the shell 8 and the partition plate 9 form the energy absorbing units, so that the whole structure can be simplified, in addition, the partition plate 9 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 8 and is welded and fixed with the side wall of the shell 8 to realize sealing, and the connecting action between the partition plate 9 and the side wall of the shell 8 can also provide support for collision force. Specifically, the housing 8 is a metal thin-walled structure, and the sidewall thereof is provided with a jack 82 (as shown in fig. 4) for inserting the partition plate 9, in this embodiment, the material of the housing 8 is not limited, for example, a common carbon steel material can be selected, the thickness thereof is recommended to be not more than 2mm, and the cost is low.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the distance between two adjacent bulkheads 9 gradually decreases from front to back, that is, the length of the energy-absorbing unit located at the front side is greater than the length of the energy-absorbing unit located at the back side, so that the overall deformation of the energy-absorbing portion 100 in the collision process can be more orderly and controllable, and the energy-absorbing effect of the energy-absorbing portion 100 is ensured.

Energy-absorbing piece 10 is the aluminium honeycomb to this energy-absorbing piece 10 can with the lateral wall of casing 8 between clearance connection, energy-absorbing piece 10 interference fit between two baffles 9, so set up, the installation of being convenient for can guarantee the energy-absorbing effect on length direction simultaneously, avoids the unsettled condition of baffle 9.

Casing 8 includes two half shells, the cross-section of each half shell is U type structure, the both ends of the open end of two half shells are relative and pass through welded fastening, and above-mentioned complete side 81 of half shell is all located to induced structure and additional strengthening, in detail, the cross-section of half shell is U type structure, the diapire of this U type structure is complete side 81, this complete side 81 is located to induced structure and additional strengthening, the welding seam when can avoiding the welding causes the influence to induced structure or additional strengthening, it is concrete, this casing 8 is equipped with two complete sides 81, two complete sides 81 correspond respectively and are equipped with above-mentioned induced structure, or two complete 81 sides correspond and are equipped with above-mentioned additional strengthening. Of course, in this embodiment, the overall structure of the housing 8 is not limited, and for example, the housing may be an integral structure, and when the housing is provided as two half shells of a U-shaped structure, the partition plate 9 and the housing 8 may be conveniently inserted and fixed.

This casing 8 is awl bucket structure, and casing 8's cross-section is square to the sectional area of casing 8's front end will be less than the sectional area of casing 8's rear end, so set up, the deformation of casing 8 of being convenient for guides, guarantees that whole deformation is orderly, controllable. Specifically, the inclination angles of the side walls of the shell 8 are not limited, and in this embodiment, the included angle between each side wall of the shell 8 and the axis in the front-back direction is set to 4 ° to 7 °, preferably 5 °, so as to ensure that the structural strength of the shell 8 at each energy-absorbing unit is gradually increased from front to back, and the situation that the difference between the structural strengths of two adjacent energy-absorbing units is large is avoided, thereby ensuring that the overall deformation is orderly and controllable. Of course, the inclination angles of the respective sides of the housing 8 may be the same or different, and are not limited herein.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-absorbing device of a rail vehicle, characterized by comprising an energy-absorbing part (100), an anti-creep part (200) and a guide (300);

the anti-climbing part (200) is provided with anti-climbing teeth (201), the energy absorbing part (100) is connected to the rear end of the anti-climbing part (200), the front end of the guide piece (300) is fixed with the anti-climbing part (200), the rear end of the guide piece (300) penetrates through the energy absorbing part (100), and the anti-climbing part (200) can compress the energy absorbing part (100) and push the guide piece (300) to move backwards relative to the energy absorbing part (100) under the action of collision force;

the energy absorption part (100) is sequentially provided with a plurality of energy absorption units from front to back, energy absorption pieces (10) are respectively filled in each energy absorption unit, the side wall of each energy absorption unit, which is arranged on the front side, is provided with an induction structure, when the energy absorption part (100) is compressed, the side wall of each energy absorption unit, which is arranged on the rear side, can be folded and deformed along the induction structure, and is provided with a reinforcing structure.

2. The energy absorber of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the induction structure is a strip-shaped groove or a strip-shaped bulge, which is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the guide (300);

and/or the reinforcing structure comprises a rib (7).

3. Energy-absorbing device of a rail vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the energy-absorbing part (100) comprises a first cavity (1), at least one second cavity (2) and at least one third cavity (3), each cavity forming one of the energy-absorbing units, respectively;

the first cavity (1) and the second cavity (2) are arranged at the front end of the shell (8) and are respectively provided with the induction structures, and the length of the induction structure arranged in the first cavity (1) and the length of the induction structure arranged in the second cavity (2) are gradually reduced from front to back;

the third cavity (3) is arranged at the rear end of the second cavity (2), and the reinforcing structure is arranged on the third cavity (3).

4. Energy-absorbing device for a rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that the inducing structure provided in the first cavity (1) is a through slot (5) provided along a side wall of the housing (8).

5. Energy absorber device according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of said third chambers (3) is at least two and the number of ribs (7) in each of said third chambers (3) increases from front to back.

6. Energy absorber device according to claim 5, characterized in that when the number of ribs (7) in the third cavity (3) is at least two, the ribs (7) are spaced apart in a predetermined direction, and the predetermined direction is perpendicular to the front-rear direction.

7. Energy-absorbing device for a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that the energy-absorbing part (100) further comprises at least one fourth cavity (4) arranged between the second cavity (2) and the third cavity (3).

8. Energy-absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the energy-absorbing part (100) further comprises a shell (8) and a partition (9), wherein the partition (9) is inserted into a side wall of the shell (8) and divides the shell (8) into a plurality of energy-absorbing units.

9. Energy absorber device according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance between two adjacent bulkheads (9) decreases from front to back.

10. Energy-absorbing device for a rail vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that the energy-absorbing element (10) is an aluminium honeycomb and that the energy-absorbing element (10) is a clearance fit with the side walls of the shell (8) and that the energy-absorbing element (10) is an interference fit with the partition (9).

11. Energy absorption device according to claim 8, characterized in that the shell (8) comprises two half-shells having a U-shaped cross-section, the open ends of the two half-shells being opposite and fixed by welding, and the induction structure and the reinforcement structure being provided on the complete sides (81) of the half-shells.

12. Energy absorber device according to claim 8, characterized in that the housing (8) is of a cone-and-tube construction and that the cross-sectional area of the front end of the housing (8) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the rear end of the housing (8).

13. A rail vehicle, characterized in that it comprises an energy-absorbing device of a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1-12.