CN215468784U

CN215468784U - Friction stir welding spindle head and friction stir welding device

Info

Publication number: CN215468784U
Application number: CN202122004841.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 葛文林
Original assignee: Jiachuang Mechanical Equipment Manufacturing Gu'an Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiachuang Mechanical Equipment Manufacturing Gu'an Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-23
Filing date: 2021-08-23
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-23

Abstract

The utility model provides a friction stir welding spindle head and a friction stir welding device, relates to the field of friction stir welding, and solves the technical problem that the performance of a welding seam is influenced because a keyhole is left on the welding seam when a stirring head of the friction stir welding leaves the welding seam; the friction stir welding spindle head comprises a drawing-back driving mechanism, a spindle, a pull rod and a stirring pin, wherein the spindle, the pull rod and the stirring pin are arranged on a static support, and at least part of the pull rod is positioned in an inner cavity of the spindle and can be rotatably arranged along with the spindle; the stirring pin is connected with the lower end of the pull rod; the lower end of the main shaft is connected with a shaft shoulder, the withdrawing driving mechanism comprises a moving part, the moving part is rotationally connected with the pull rod, and the moving part can drive the pull rod to do reciprocating linear motion in the inner cavity of the main shaft along the vertical direction so as to drive the stirring needle to ascend and descend; the moving part can drive the stirring pin to ascend and descend, when the stirring pin ascends, the stirring pin is drawn back, only the shaft shoulder is in contact with the softened material, and the rotating shaft shoulder stirs the softened material with the key hole, so that the key hole is eliminated.

Description

Friction stir welding spindle head and friction stir welding device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, in particular to a friction stir welding spindle head and a friction stir welding device.

Background

The friction stir welding technology has been studied and widely used since the utility model, and is continuously perfected in the process of research and application.

It is well known that after friction stir welding is completed, the stir head leaves a crater, called a keyhole, in the weld as it leaves the weld. Keyhole affects the aesthetics and weld performance of the weld.

In order to eliminate the influence of the keyhole on the welding seam in the prior art, a welding plate is usually added at the tail end of the welding seam, the keyhole is left on the welding plate with the welding seam extended, and then the welding plate is cut off. The mode increases the welding process, and the welding efficiency is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a friction stir welding spindle head and a friction stir welding device, which are used for solving the technical problem that in the prior art, a keyhole is left on a welding seam when a stirring head of friction stir welding leaves the welding seam, so that the performance of the welding seam is influenced; the technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the utility model are described in detail in the following.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a friction stir welding spindle head, which comprises a drawing-back driving mechanism, a spindle, a pull rod and a stirring pin, wherein the spindle, the pull rod and the stirring pin are arranged on a static support, and the friction stir welding spindle head comprises:

at least part of the pull rod is positioned in the inner cavity of the main shaft and is arranged in a rotatable manner along with the main shaft; the stirring pin is connected to the lower end of the pull rod;

the lower end of the main shaft is connected with a shaft shoulder, the drawing-back driving mechanism comprises a moving part, the moving part is rotatably connected with the pull rod, and the moving part can drive the pull rod to perform reciprocating linear motion in the inner cavity of the main shaft along the vertical direction so as to drive the stirring needle to ascend and descend.

Preferably, a spline pair is arranged on the pull rod, and the pull rod is connected with the inner cavity of the main shaft through the spline pair.

Preferably, the inner cavity of the main shaft axially penetrates through the main shaft, and the main shaft, the pull rod and the stirring pin are coaxially arranged.

Preferably, the retraction driving mechanism includes a driving device fixed on the retraction bracket and a spiral elevator, wherein:

the drawing-back support is fixedly connected with the static support, the driving device is in driving connection with the spiral elevator, and a screw rod of the spiral elevator serves as the moving part and is rotatably connected with the upper end of the pull rod.

Preferably, there is a slide rail in the withdrawing support, the upper end of the pull rod is connected with the moving part through a bearing, the bearing is located in a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is connected with the slide rail in a sliding manner in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the friction stir welding spindle head further comprises:

the displacement sensor is used for detecting the displacement of the stirring pin in the vertical direction;

and the control unit is electrically connected with the displacement sensor and the driving device, is used for comparing the actual displacement signal transmitted by the displacement sensor with a set displacement size when receiving the actual displacement signal, and is used for controlling the driving device to stop running when the actual displacement size reaches the set displacement.

Preferably, the lower end of the main shaft is connected with a tool handle, the shaft shoulder is connected with the tool handle, the tool handle is connected with the pull rod through a spline pair, the stirring pin is detachably connected with the pull rod, and the shaft shoulder and the stirring pin can rotate synchronously along with the main shaft.

Preferably, the friction stir welding spindle head further comprises a rotation driving mechanism, the rotation driving mechanism comprises a motor and a belt pulley, wherein:

the main shaft and the output shaft of the motor are both provided with belt pulleys, the output shaft of the motor and the main shaft are in transmission through a belt, and the motor can drive the main shaft to rotate when rotating.

Preferably, a sleeve is arranged outside the main shaft, the sleeve is fixed on the static support, and the main shaft is rotatably connected with the sleeve.

The utility model also provides a friction stir welding device which comprises a machine tool and the friction stir welding spindle head, wherein the spindle is fixed on the static support, and the static support is fixed on the machine tool.

Compared with the prior art, the friction stir welding spindle head and the friction stir welding device provided by the utility model have the following beneficial effects: the pull rod is arranged in the inner cavity of the main shaft and connected with the stirring pin, the moving part of the back-drawing driving device is connected with the pull rod in a rotating mode, the pull rod is not influenced to rotate along with the main shaft, the moving part can drive the pull rod to do reciprocating linear motion in the inner cavity of the main shaft along the vertical direction and drive the stirring pin to ascend and descend, when the stirring pin ascends, the stirring pin is back-drawn, only the shaft shoulder is in contact with the softened material, and the rotating shaft shoulder stirs the softened material with the key hole, so that the key hole is favorably eliminated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic axial sectional view of a friction stir welding spindle head;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the pull rod, the tool holder and the spindle.

In figure 1, a stirring pin; 2. a shaft shoulder; 3. a main shaft; 4. a sleeve; 5. a static support; 6. a lower end cover of the bearing seat; 7. a bearing seat; 8. a slide rail; 9. an upper end cover of the bearing seat; 10. a nut; 11. a screw elevator; 12. a drive device; 13. withdrawing the bracket; 14. a bearing; 15. a pull rod; 16. locking the nut; 17. a motor; 18. a belt; 19. a belt pulley; 20. a knife handle; 21. an auxiliary nut; 22. and (4) spline pairs.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the utility model, and not restrictive of the full scope of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "height", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "side", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a friction stir welding spindle head and a friction stir welding device, which are beneficial to eliminating keyholes.

The technical solution provided by the present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a friction stir welding spindle head, which includes a drawing back driving mechanism, and a spindle 3, a pull rod 15 and a stir pin 1 which are disposed on a static support 5, wherein: at least part of the pull rod 15 is positioned in the inner cavity of the main shaft 3 and is arranged in a rotatable way along with the main shaft 3; the stirring pin 1 is connected with the lower end of the pull rod 15; the lower extreme of main shaft 3 is connected with shaft shoulder 2, and the drive mechanism that withdraws includes the removal portion, and the removal portion rotates with pull rod 15 to be connected, and the removal portion can drive pull rod 15 along the reciprocal linear motion of vertical direction in the inner chamber of main shaft 3 to drive the needle 1 and rise and descend.

Wherein, the static bracket 5 is used for connecting the friction stir welding spindle head with a friction stir welding machine tool.

In this embodiment, the pull rod 15 can rotate along with the main shaft 3, and can reciprocate in a straight line in a vertical direction relative to the main shaft 3 under the driving of the moving portion, so as to drive the stirring pin 1 to ascend and descend.

The friction stir welding spindle head of this embodiment has set up pull rod 15 in the inner chamber of main shaft 3, pull rod 15 is connected with stirring pin 1, the removal portion and the pull rod 15 of back suction drive arrangement 12 rotate to be connected, do not influence pull rod 15 and rotate along with main shaft 3, and the removal portion can drive pull rod 15 along vertical direction reciprocating linear motion in the inner chamber of main shaft 3, and drive stirring pin 1 and rise and descend, when stirring pin 1 rose, stirring pin 1 back suction promptly, only shoulder 2 contacts with the softened material, and the pivoted shoulder 2 will have the softened material stirring of key hole, do benefit to and eliminate the key hole.

In the present embodiment, the pull rod 15 is slidably connected with the main shaft 3 in the axial direction in the inner cavity of the main shaft 3, specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a spline pair 22 is provided on the pull rod 15, and the pull rod 15 is connected with the inner cavity of the main shaft 3 through the spline pair 22.

The pull rod 15 is connected with the inner cavity of the main shaft 3 by a spline pair 22, so that the pull rod 15 can move linearly in the vertical direction relative to the main shaft 3, the transmission rigidity is improved, and the precision and the reliability of the friction stir welding main shaft head are improved.

As an alternative mode, referring to FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the inner cavity of the main shaft 3 penetrates through the main shaft 3 along the axis of the main shaft 3, and the main shaft 3, the pull rod 15 and the stirring pin 1 are coaxially arranged.

The pull rod 15 is in clearance fit with the inner cavity of the spindle 3, the pull rod 15 can linearly slide in the inner cavity of the spindle 3 through the spline pair 22, the spindle 3, the pull rod 15 and the stirring pin 1 are coaxially arranged behind and linearly reciprocate along the axis direction of the spindle 3, the spindle 3 is generally vertically arranged on a machine tool, and therefore, the axis of the spindle 3 is arranged along the vertical direction.

A specific embodiment of a retracting drive mechanism is provided in the present embodiment, and referring to fig. 1, the retracting drive mechanism of the present embodiment includes a drive device 12 and a spiral elevator 11 fixed on a retracting bracket 13, wherein: the drawing-back bracket 13 is fixedly connected with the static bracket 5, the driving device 12 is in driving connection with the spiral elevator 11, and a screw rod of the spiral elevator 11 is used as a moving part and is rotatably connected with the upper end of the pull rod 15.

Wherein, drive arrangement 12 can be the motor, and spiral lift 11 is current mature technique, does not do the repeated description here to its structure, can adopt SJA series spiral lift 11. Spiral lift 11 mainly includes spare parts such as worm wheel, worm, box, bearing, lead screw, and the theory of operation is: the motor drives the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate in a decelerating manner, the inner cavity of the worm wheel is processed with internal threads to drive the screw rod to move up and down, and the worm wheel and the worm are arranged in the worm wheel and the worm rod, so that the effect of amplifying the thrust is achieved due to the decelerating effect of the screw rod.

In this embodiment, the screw rod of the screw elevator 11 is used as the moving part and is rotatably connected to the upper end of the pull rod 15, the screw rod can drive the pull rod 15 to move up and down in the spindle 3 when moving up and down, and meanwhile, the pull rod 15 can rotate relative to the screw rod along with the spindle 3, and the screw rod does not affect the rotation of the pull rod 15.

As an alternative, referring to fig. 1, the slide rail 8 is present in the retracting bracket 13 of the present embodiment, the upper end of the pull rod 15 is connected with the moving part through a bearing 14, the bearing 14 is located in a bearing seat 7, a lock nut 16 is mounted on the pull rod 15 to fix the bearing 14, and the bearing seat 7 is connected with the slide rail 8 in a sliding manner in the vertical direction. The output end (the lower end of the screw rod) of the spiral lifter 11 is connected with an upper end cover 9 of a bearing seat through a nut 10, the upper end cover 9 of the bearing seat is connected with the upper end of the bearing seat 7, and the upper end cover 9 of the bearing seat is matched with a lower end cover 6 of the bearing seat to seal a bearing 14 in the bearing seat 7.

The pull rod 15 is rotatably connected with the moving part through a bearing 14, so that the moving part (a screw rod of the spiral elevator 11) can drive the pull rod 15 to move up and down in the main shaft 3 when moving up and down, and meanwhile, the pull rod 15 can rotate relative to the screw rod along with the main shaft 3. The bearing 14 is fixed in the bearing seat 7, the bearing seat 7 is connected with the slide rail 8 in a sliding mode, the slide rail 8 prevents the pull rod 15 from moving and deviating, and the movement precision of the pull rod 15 in the vertical direction is guaranteed.

The pin 1 of this embodiment can move upward along with the rod 15 to a position not lower than the shoulder 2, so that the pin 1 is withdrawn and the shoulder 2 contacts the softened metal material and stirs the metal material, thereby eliminating the keyhole.

In order to improve the automation degree of the friction stir welding spindle head, as an optional implementation manner, the friction stir welding spindle head of the embodiment further includes:

the displacement sensor is used for detecting the displacement of the stirring pin 1 in the vertical direction;

and the control unit is electrically connected with the displacement sensor and the driving device 12, and is used for comparing the actual displacement signal transmitted by the displacement sensor with the set displacement and controlling the driving device 12 to stop running when the actual displacement reaches the set displacement.

Specifically, the displacement sensor may be a grating ruler, which is a mature technology in the field, and the structure thereof is not described herein. Specifically, the grating ruler is composed of a ruler grating and a grating reading head. The scale grating is typically mounted on a fixed part of the machine, such as the retraction support 13, and the grating read head is mounted on a movable part of the machine, such as the pull rod 15 of this embodiment, with the indicator grating mounted in the grating read head. The control unit comprises a controller, such as a singlechip pre-stored with a set program.

Specifically, if can guarantee that shaft shoulder 2 stirs the metallic material that softens when the probe pin 1 rises 3mm, eliminate the welding seam, then will set for the displacement and set up to 3mm, displacement sensor transmits the actual displacement size of probe pin 1 to the control unit in real time, when the actual displacement size of probe pin 1 that displacement sensor conveys was 3mm, equal with the displacement of setting for, the control unit sends the signal of out of service and gives drive arrangement 12 this moment, drive arrangement 12 stop motion. The structure that the displacement sensor and the control unit are electrically connected with the driving device 12 greatly improves the automation degree of the friction stir welding spindle head.

Alternatively, as another alternative embodiment, the friction stir welding spindle head includes a travel switch, the travel switch is connected in series in the electric circuit of the driving device 12, and the travel switch is disposed on the moving path of the pull rod 15, the travel switch is in a normally closed state, and when the pull rod 15 moves upward to a position in contact with the travel switch, the travel switch is opened, the electric circuit where the driving device 12 is located is opened, and the operation is stopped.

As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, the connection structure between the main shaft 3 and the shaft shoulder 2 is: the lower end of the main shaft 3 is connected with a tool shank 20, and the shaft shoulder 2 is connected with the tool shank 20. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, a shaft shoulder 2 is mounted on a handle 20 and fixed by a jackscrew, an auxiliary nut 21 is mounted on the handle 20, and a stirring pin 1 penetrates through the shaft shoulder 2 and is in threaded connection with a pull rod 15. And referring to fig. 1, the tool shank 20 is connected with the pull rod 15 through a spline pair 22, the stirring pin 1 is detachably connected with the pull rod 15, specifically, the stirring pin 1 penetrates through the shaft shoulder 2 to be in threaded connection with the pull rod 15, so that the stirring pin 1 is conveniently detached and replaced, and the shaft shoulder 2 and the stirring pin 1 can synchronously rotate along with the main shaft 3.

This embodiment also shows a specific implementation manner of driving the spindle 3 to rotate, and as shown in fig. 1, the friction stir welding spindle head further includes a rotation driving mechanism, and the rotation driving mechanism includes a motor 17 and a belt pulley 19, wherein: the output shafts of the main shaft 3 and the motor 17 are respectively provided with a belt pulley 19, the belt 18 is connected with the two belt pulleys 19, the output shaft of the motor 17 and the main shaft 3 are driven by the belt 18, and the main shaft 3 can be driven to rotate when the motor 17 rotates.

In this embodiment, the motor 17 rotates and transmits power to the main shaft 3 through the belt 18, so as to drive the main shaft 3 to rotate around its axis, and simultaneously, the main shaft 3 drives the pull rod 15 to rotate synchronously through the spline pair 22.

As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a sleeve 4 is arranged outside the main shaft 3 of the present embodiment, the sleeve 4 is fixed on the stationary bracket 5, and the main shaft 3 is rotatably connected with the sleeve 4.

The friction stir welding spindle head of this embodiment, specific during operation: the motor 17 drives the main shaft 3 to rotate through the belt 18, and when the main shaft 3 rotates, the shaft shoulder 2 and the stirring pin 1 rotate synchronously along with the tool shank 20. Drive arrangement 12 drive spiral lift 11 is linear motion, and spiral lift 11 drives pull rod 15 through bearing frame 7 and is linear motion, and pull rod 15 passes through the vice 22 cooperation of spline with handle of a knife 20, and stirring needle 1 and pull rod 15 threaded connection drive stirring needle 1 and be linear motion when rotary motion through spiral lift 11 linear motion in vertical direction like this.

Specifically, when welding a weld, the probe 1 is positioned in the weld. When the welding is completed, the screw lifter 11 raises the pull rod 15, thereby driving the stirring pin 1 to rise, at this time, the shaft shoulder 2 is still in contact with the softened metal material, and the shaft shoulder 2 stirs the softened metal material, thereby eliminating the keyhole.

Example two

The embodiment provides a friction stir welding device, including lathe and above-mentioned friction stir welding spindle head, main shaft 3 is fixed in on the quiet support 5, and quiet support 5 is fixed in on the lathe.

The friction stir welding device of the embodiment comprises the friction stir welding spindle head, so that the friction stir welding spindle head also has the advantage of being capable of eliminating key holes. The casting static support 5 is adopted to connect the friction stir welding spindle head with the friction stir welding machine tool, so that the rigidity is high and the stability is good. The pull rod 15 and the main shaft 3 and the pull rod 15 and the tool holder 20 are connected by the spline pair 22, so that the transmission rigidity is improved, and the precision and the reliability of the drawing-back type friction stir welding machine tool are further improved.

The particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a friction stir welding spindle head which characterized in that, includes back extraction actuating mechanism and sets up main shaft (3), pull rod (15) and stirring needle (1) on quiet support (5), wherein:

at least part of the pull rod (15) is positioned in the inner cavity of the main shaft (3) and is arranged in a rotatable way along with the main shaft (3); the stirring needle (1) is connected to the lower end of the pull rod (15);

the lower extreme of main shaft (3) is connected with shaft shoulder (2), the drive mechanism that withdraws back includes the removal portion, the removal portion with pull rod (15) rotate and are connected, just the removal portion can drive pull rod (15) are in along vertical direction reciprocating linear motion in the inner chamber of main shaft (3), in order to drive stirring needle (1) rises and descends.

2. The friction stir welding spindle head according to claim 1, wherein a spline pair (22) is arranged on the pull rod (15), and the pull rod (15) is connected with the inner cavity of the spindle (3) through the spline pair (22).

3. Friction stir welding spindle head according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cavity of the spindle (3) extends axially through the spindle (3) and the spindle (3), the tie rod (15) and the pin (1) are arranged coaxially.

4. Friction stir welding spindle head according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the retracting drive mechanism comprises a drive (12) and a screw lift (11) fixed to a retracting support (13), wherein:

the drawing-back support (13) is fixedly connected with the static support (5), the driving device (12) is in driving connection with the spiral lifter (11), and a screw rod of the spiral lifter (11) serves as the moving part and is rotatably connected with the upper end of the pull rod (15).

5. Friction stir welding spindle head according to claim 4 characterized in that there is a slide rail (8) inside the pullback bracket (13), the upper end of the pull rod (15) is connected with the moving part through a bearing (14), the bearing (14) is located inside a bearing seat (7), the bearing seat (7) is connected with the slide rail (8) in a sliding manner in the vertical direction.

6. The friction stir welding spindle head of claim 4, further comprising:

the displacement sensor is used for detecting the displacement of the stirring needle (1) in the vertical direction;

and the control unit is electrically connected with the displacement sensor and the driving device (12), is used for comparing the actual displacement signal transmitted by the displacement sensor with a set displacement, and is used for controlling the driving device (12) to stop running when the actual displacement reaches the set displacement.

7. The friction stir welding spindle head according to claim 1, wherein a handle (20) is connected to the lower end of the spindle (3), the shoulder (2) is connected to the handle (20), the handle (20) is connected to the pull rod (15) through a spline pair (22), the stirring pin (1) is detachably connected to the pull rod (15), and the shoulder (2) and the stirring pin (1) can rotate synchronously with the spindle (3).

8. The friction stir welding spindle head of claim 1 further comprising a rotational drive mechanism comprising a motor (17) and a belt (18) wheel, wherein:

the belt pulleys (19) are arranged on the main shaft (3) and the output shaft of the motor (17), the output shaft of the motor (17) and the main shaft (3) are driven through a belt (18), and the motor (17) can drive the main shaft (3) to rotate when rotating.

9. Friction stir welding spindle head according to claim 1, characterized in that a sleeve (4) is arranged outside the spindle (3), said sleeve (4) being fixed to said stationary support (5), and said spindle (3) being rotatably connected to said sleeve (4).

10. A friction stir welding device comprising a machine tool and a friction stir welding spindle head according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said spindle (3) is fixed to said stationary support (5), and said stationary support (5) is fixed to the machine tool.