CN215458516U - Thighbone near-end cuts bone baffle based on 3D prints - Google Patents
Thighbone near-end cuts bone baffle based on 3D prints Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN215458516U CN215458516U CN202121968516.7U CN202121968516U CN215458516U CN 215458516 U CN215458516 U CN 215458516U CN 202121968516 U CN202121968516 U CN 202121968516U CN 215458516 U CN215458516 U CN 215458516U
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- fixing plate
- connecting rod
- diaphragm
- plate
- rigid coupling
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 210000001694 thigh bone Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010028851 Necrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001606091 Neophasia menapia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010031264 Osteonecrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020089 femoral neck fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002436 femur neck Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003692 ilium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a proximal femur osteotomy guide plate based on 3D printing, which comprises a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, two connecting rods and a transverse plate; positioning holes are formed in the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, and positioning assemblies are fixedly connected in the positioning holes; the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, a sliding groove is formed in the connecting rod, and a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the connecting rod; the diaphragm sets up between two connecting rods to the equal rigid coupling in both ends of diaphragm has the slider with spout sliding connection, the roof both ends of diaphragm rigid coupling respectively has the joint subassembly, the joint subassembly can be dismantled with the joint groove and be connected, one side that the diaphragm is close to first fixed plate and one side that is close to the second fixed plate is equipped with the deflector respectively, seted up on the deflector and cut the bone groove, the one end of deflector can be dismantled through bolt assembly and be connected with the installed part, the installed part rigid coupling is on the diaphragm. The utility model can realize the rapid adjustment of the position and the angle of the osteotomy groove, has simple operation and improves the convenience of the operation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a femur proximal osteotomy guide plate based on 3D printing.
Background
The femur is the longest tubular bone of a human body, the two ends of the femur are integrated, and the proximal end of the femur comprises a femoral head, a femoral neck and a trochanter of the femur. Common diseases of the proximal femur comprise femoral head necrosis, femoral neck fracture and the like, the common diseases of the proximal femur usually need osteotomy, the operation generally needs to determine an operation scheme according to an X-ray before the operation of a patient, then a doctor determines the fixed position of an osteotomy guide plate according to the operation scheme, then the osteotomy guide plate cuts off a bone necrosis area, and a proper artificial bone is replaced after the osteotomy.
However, due to the large individual difference of the necrotic area at the proximal end of the femur of the patient, the selection and control of the osteotomy area by the doctor are limited, the doctor often needs to select the osteotomy knife position for many times in the operation process, and the osteotomy groove of the existing osteotomy guide plate is usually fixed in position and cannot be adjusted in position and angle, so that the difficulty of the operation of the doctor is increased, the operation time is prolonged, and the patient is seriously injured.
Therefore, a new bone cutting guide plate is needed to solve the above problems, achieve fast adjustment of the position and angle of the bone cutting slot, and improve the operation convenience.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a femur near-end osteotomy guide plate based on 3D printing, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, can realize rapid adjustment of the position and the angle of an osteotomy groove, is simple to operate and improves the convenience of operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme: the utility model provides a femur near-end osteotomy guide plate based on 3D printing, which comprises a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, two connecting rods and a transverse plate, wherein the first fixing plate is fixed on the upper surface of the first fixing plate;
a plurality of positioning holes which are arranged at intervals in sequence are formed in the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, and positioning components are fixedly connected in the positioning holes;
the two connecting rods are arranged side by side at intervals, two ends of each connecting rod are fixedly connected with the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate respectively, sliding grooves are formed in the opposite side walls of the two connecting rods, and a plurality of clamping grooves which are arranged at intervals in sequence are formed in the side wall, close to the sliding grooves, of each connecting rod;
the diaphragm sets up two between the connecting rod, and the equal rigid coupling in both ends of diaphragm have with spout sliding connection's slider, the roof both ends of diaphragm rigid coupling respectively has the joint subassembly, the joint subassembly with the connection can be dismantled in the joint groove, the diaphragm is close to one side of first fixed plate and be close to one side of second fixed plate is equipped with the deflector respectively, the osteotomy groove has been seted up on the deflector, the one end of deflector can be dismantled through bolt assembly and be connected with the installed part, the installed part rigid coupling is in on the diaphragm.
Preferably, the joint subassembly includes the rigid coupling is in the bracing piece of diaphragm roof tip, articulate the first connecting rod at bracing piece top, the rigid coupling has the fixture block on the diapire of first connecting rod, the fixture block with joint groove joint, first connecting rod is kept away from the rigid coupling has coupling spring on the diapire of fixture block one end, coupling spring's bottom rigid coupling has the spring holder, the spring holder rigid coupling is in on the roof of diaphragm, first connecting rod is kept away from seted up sunkenly on the roof of fixture block one end.
Preferably, the locating component comprises a locating column fixed in the locating hole, the locating column is a hollow column, and scales are arranged on the side wall of the locating column.
Preferably, the mounting piece is provided with a threaded through hole, and the guide plate is provided with the threaded through hole at a position corresponding to the mounting piece;
the bolt assembly comprises a screw rod in threaded connection with the threaded through hole, a butterfly bolt head in threaded connection with the top of the screw rod, and a fixed base fixed to the bottom of the screw rod, the mounting piece and the guide plate are mounted between the fixed base and the butterfly bolt head, and anti-skid threads are arranged on the butterfly bolt head.
Preferably, the size of the osteotomy groove is matched with that of the osteotome, and the shapes of the end surfaces of the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate and the connecting rod, which are contacted with the bone, are matched with the shape of the bone.
Preferably, the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate and the connecting rod are all formed by D printing.
Preferably, the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are provided with a plurality of ventilation through holes which are arranged at intervals in sequence.
The utility model discloses the following technical effects: a plurality of positioning holes which are arranged at intervals in sequence are formed in the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, and positioning components are fixedly connected in the positioning holes; the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate can be fixed with bones quickly and accurately through the positioning assembly, so that the stability of the bone cutting guide plate is improved, and preparation is made for a bone cutting operation;
two connecting rods are arranged side by side at intervals, two ends of each connecting rod are fixedly connected with a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate respectively, sliding grooves are formed in the opposite side walls of the two connecting rods, and a plurality of clamping grooves which are arranged at intervals in sequence are formed in the side wall, close to the sliding grooves, of each connecting rod; the transverse plate is arranged between the two connecting rods, the two ends of the transverse plate are fixedly connected with sliding blocks in sliding connection with the sliding grooves, the two ends of the top wall of the transverse plate are respectively and fixedly connected with clamping assemblies, the clamping assemblies are detachably connected with the clamping grooves, the transverse plate slides between the two connecting rods through the sliding connection of the sliding blocks and the sliding grooves, the relative positions of the transverse plate and the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are adjusted, and then the position state is fixed through the clamping assemblies;
the bone cutting device comprises a transverse plate, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, a guide plate, a mounting piece, a bolt assembly, a guide plate and a transverse plate, wherein the transverse plate is provided with the guide plate, the guide plate is arranged on one side close to the first fixing plate and one side close to the second fixing plate respectively, the guide plate is provided with a bone cutting groove, one end of the guide plate is detachably connected with the mounting piece through the bolt assembly, the mounting piece is fixedly connected to the transverse plate, one end of the guide plate and the mounting piece are fixed and detached through the bolt assembly, the angle of the bone cutting groove is adjusted by adjusting the relative position of one end of the guide plate and the mounting piece, the bone cutting groove can conveniently guide a bone cutter to the bone cutter in different directions, and the position of the bone cutting groove is adjusted by adjusting the position of the transverse plate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a proximal femur osteotomy guide plate based on 3D printing according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the bolt assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the clamping assembly of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a first fixing plate; 2. a second fixing plate; 3. positioning holes; 4. a connecting rod; 5. a chute; 6. a clamping groove; 7. a transverse plate; 8. a slider; 9. a guide plate; 10. a osteotomy slot; 11. a mounting member; 12. a support bar; 13. a first link; 14. a clamping block; 15. a connecting spring; 16. a spring seat; 17. recessing; 18. a positioning column; 19. a screw; 20. a fixed base; 21. a butterfly bolt head; 22. and (7) a ventilation through hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the utility model provides a proximal femur osteotomy guide plate based on 3D printing, comprising a first fixing plate 1, a second fixing plate 2, two connecting rods 4 and a transverse plate 7;
a plurality of positioning holes 3 which are arranged at intervals in sequence are formed in the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2, and positioning components are fixedly connected in the positioning holes 3; by the arrangement, the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 can be quickly and accurately fixed with bones through the positioning assembly, so that the stability of the osteotomy guide plate is improved, and preparation is made for an osteotomy operation;
the two connecting rods 4 are arranged side by side at intervals, two ends of each connecting rod 4 are fixedly connected with the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 respectively, sliding grooves 5 are formed in the opposite side walls of the two connecting rods 4, and a plurality of clamping grooves 6 which are arranged at intervals in sequence are formed in the side wall, close to the sliding grooves 5, of each connecting rod 4;
the transverse plate 7 is arranged between the two connecting rods 4, the two ends of the transverse plate 7 are fixedly connected with sliding blocks 8 in sliding connection with the sliding grooves 5, the two ends of the top wall of the transverse plate 7 are respectively and fixedly connected with clamping components, the clamping components are detachably connected with the clamping grooves 6, one side, close to the first fixing plate 1, of the transverse plate 7 and one side, close to the second fixing plate 2, of the transverse plate 7 are respectively provided with a guide plate 9, each guide plate 9 is provided with a bone cutting groove 10, one end of each guide plate 9 is detachably connected with an installation piece 11 through a bolt component, and the installation pieces 11 are fixedly connected to the transverse plate 7; with the arrangement, the transverse plate 7 slides between the two connecting rods 4 through the sliding connection of the sliding block 8 and the sliding chute 5, so that the relative positions of the transverse plate 7 and the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 are adjusted, and the position state is fixed through the clamping assembly; through the relative position of the one end of adjustment deflector 9 and installed part 11, realize adjusting the angle of cutting bone groove 10, be convenient for cut bone groove 10 and carry out the income sword guide of equidirectional not to the osteotome, through the position control of diaphragm 7, realize cutting bone groove 10's position control, easy operation improves the operation convenience.
Further optimizing the scheme, the clamping assembly comprises a supporting rod 12 fixedly connected to the end portion of the top wall of the transverse plate 7, and a first connecting rod 13 hinged to the top of the supporting rod 12, a clamping block 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the first connecting rod 13, the clamping block 14 is clamped with the clamping groove 6, a connecting spring 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the first connecting rod 13 far away from one end of the clamping block 14, a spring seat 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting spring 15, the spring seat 16 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the transverse plate 7, a recess 17 is formed in the top wall of the first connecting rod 13 far away from one end of the clamping block 14, the connecting spring 15 is compressed by pressing the recess 17 downwards, the other end of the first connecting rod 13 is tilted to separate the clamping block 14 from the clamping groove 6, then the transverse plate 7 is pushed to adjust the position, when the transverse plate 7 is moved to a proper operation position, the recess 17 is loosened, the connecting spring 15 rebounds to clamp the clamping block 14 with the corresponding clamping groove 6, the position of the transverse plate 7 is fixed, and the next operation is convenient to carry out.
Further optimize the scheme, locating component is including fixing the reference column 18 in locating hole 3, reference column 18 is the cavity post, be equipped with the scale (not shown in the picture) on the lateral wall of reference column 18, so set up, when cutting the bone operation, place first fixed plate 1 and second fixed plate 2 respectively on the corresponding bone position of cutting, use the fixed needle to run through the hollow of reference column 18 and pierce into the skeleton, realize the fixed of first fixed plate 1 and second fixed plate 2 and skeleton, the scale on the reference column 18 lateral wall can show the fixed needle and pierce into the degree of depth of skeleton, the doctor of being convenient for knows the particular case of operation in-process fast.
In a further optimized scheme, the mounting piece 11 is provided with a threaded through hole, and the guide plate 9 is provided with a threaded through hole at a position corresponding to the mounting piece 11;
the bolt assembly comprises a screw rod 19 in threaded connection with the threaded through hole, a butterfly bolt head 21 in threaded connection with the top of the screw rod 19, and a fixed base 20 fixed at the bottom of the screw rod 19, the mounting piece 11 and the guide plate 9 are mounted between the fixed base 20 and the butterfly bolt head 21, and the butterfly bolt head 21 is provided with anti-skid threads; so set up, when the direction that needs change osteotomy groove 10, turn round the pine butterfly tie head 21 for it is not hard up between installed part 11 and the deflector 9, after the angle of adjustment deflector 9 reached suitable operation angle, turn round tight butterfly tie head 21, make installed part 11 and deflector 9 fixed, realize the angle of osteotomy groove 10 fixed, the doctor of being convenient for carries out operation on next step.
According to the further optimization scheme, the first fixing plate 1, the second fixing plate 2 and the connecting rod 4 are all formed by 3D printing; size and the size looks adaptation of osteotome of osteotomy groove 10, the end face shape that first fixed plate 1, second fixed plate 2, connecting rod 4 and skeleton contact and the shape looks adaptation of skeleton, so set up, according to the three-dimensional model of the biomedical image data reconsitution of individual skeleton of patient, make alone through 3D printing technique and more laminate the irregular shape of the ilium that fits in this patient for first fixed plate 1 and second fixed plate 2 are fixed with patient's skeleton more firmly, reduce the friction of cutting bone baffle and skeleton, improve the accuracy of cutting the bone.
According to a further optimized scheme, the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 are provided with a plurality of ventilation through holes 22 which are arranged at intervals in sequence, so that air pressures at two ends of the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 are communicated, and the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 are fixed conveniently.
When the proximal femur osteotomy guide plate based on 3D printing is used, the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 are fixed on the affected part bone of a patient, and then the position of the transverse plate 7 and the relative position of the mounting piece 11 and the guide plate 9 are adjusted according to the wound condition of the patient, so that the position and the angle of the osteotomy groove 10 are adjusted to a proper operation position, and the specific operation is as follows: the connecting spring 15 is compressed by pressing the concave 17 downwards, the other end of the first connecting rod 13 tilts, so that the clamping block 14 is separated from the clamping groove 6, then the transverse plate 7 is pushed to adjust the position, when the transverse plate 7 moves to a proper operation position, the concave 17 is released, the connecting spring 15 rebounds, the clamping block 14 is clamped with the corresponding clamping groove 6, and the position fixing of the transverse plate 7 is realized; when the direction of the osteotomy groove 10 needs to be changed, the butterfly-shaped bolt head 21 is unscrewed, so that the mounting piece 11 and the guide plate 9 are loosened, after the angle of the guide plate 9 is adjusted to a proper surgical angle, the butterfly-shaped bolt head 21 is screwed tightly, so that the mounting piece 11 and the guide plate 9 are fixed, the angle fixation of the osteotomy groove 10 is realized, and the surgical operation can be performed after the fixation.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A thighbone near-end cuts bone conduction board based on 3D prints, includes
The fixing device comprises a first fixing plate (1) and a second fixing plate (2), wherein a plurality of positioning holes (3) which are arranged at intervals in sequence are formed in the first fixing plate (1) and the second fixing plate (2), and positioning assemblies are fixedly connected in the positioning holes (3);
the two connecting rods (4) are arranged side by side at intervals, two ends of each connecting rod (4) are fixedly connected with the first fixing plate (1) and the second fixing plate (2) respectively, sliding grooves (5) are formed in the opposite side walls of the two connecting rods (4), and a plurality of clamping grooves (6) which are arranged at intervals in sequence are formed in the side wall, close to the sliding grooves (5), of each connecting rod (4);
diaphragm (7), diaphragm (7) set up two between connecting rod (4), and the equal rigid coupling in both ends of diaphragm (7) have with spout (5) sliding connection's slider (8), the roof both ends rigid coupling respectively of diaphragm (7) has the joint subassembly, the joint subassembly with the connection can be dismantled in joint groove (6), diaphragm (7) are close to one side of first fixed plate (1) and be close to one side of second fixed plate (2) are equipped with deflector (9) respectively, seted up on deflector (9) and cut bone groove (10), the one end of deflector (9) can be dismantled through bolt assembly and be connected with installed part (11), installed part (11) rigid coupling is in on diaphragm (7).
2. The 3D printing-based proximal femoral osteotomy guide of claim 1, wherein: joint subassembly includes the rigid coupling is in bracing piece (12), the hinge of diaphragm (7) roof tip are in first connecting rod (13) at bracing piece (12) top, the rigid coupling has fixture block (14) on the diapire of first connecting rod (13), fixture block (14) with joint groove (6) joint, keep away from first connecting rod (13) the rigid coupling has connecting spring (15) on the diapire of fixture block (14) one end, the bottom rigid coupling of connecting spring (15) has spring holder (16), spring holder (16) rigid coupling is in on the roof of diaphragm (7), keep away from first connecting rod (13) recess (17) have been seted up on the roof of fixture block (14) one end.
3. The 3D printing-based proximal femoral osteotomy guide of claim 1, wherein: the positioning assembly comprises a positioning column (18) fixed in the positioning hole (3), the positioning column (18) is a hollow column, and scales are arranged on the side wall of the positioning column (18).
4. The 3D printing-based proximal femoral osteotomy guide of claim 1, wherein: the mounting piece (11) is provided with a threaded through hole, and the guide plate (9) is provided with the threaded through hole at a position corresponding to the mounting piece (11);
the bolt assembly comprises a screw (19) in threaded connection with the threaded through hole, a butterfly bolt head (21) in threaded connection with the top of the screw (19), and a fixed base (20) fixed to the bottom of the screw (19), the mounting piece (11) and the guide plate (9) are mounted between the fixed base (20) and the butterfly bolt head (21), and anti-skidding threads are arranged on the butterfly bolt head (21).
5. The 3D printing-based proximal femoral osteotomy guide of claim 1, wherein: the size of the osteotomy groove (10) is matched with that of the osteotome, and the shapes of the end surfaces of the first fixing plate (1), the second fixing plate (2) and the connecting rod (4) which are contacted with bones are matched with those of the bones.
6. The 3D printing-based proximal femoral osteotomy guide of claim 1, wherein: the first fixing plate (1), the second fixing plate (2) and the connecting rod (4) are all formed by 3D printing.
7. The 3D printing-based proximal femoral osteotomy guide of claim 1, wherein: the first fixing plate (1) and the second fixing plate (2) are provided with a plurality of ventilation through holes (22) which are arranged at intervals in sequence.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121968516.7U CN215458516U (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Thighbone near-end cuts bone baffle based on 3D prints |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121968516.7U CN215458516U (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Thighbone near-end cuts bone baffle based on 3D prints |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215458516U true CN215458516U (en) | 2022-01-11 |
Family
ID=79763652
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121968516.7U Expired - Fee Related CN215458516U (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Thighbone near-end cuts bone baffle based on 3D prints |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215458516U (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-08-20 CN CN202121968516.7U patent/CN215458516U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20220111 |