CN215436312U - Low-voltage power distribution system of railway vehicle and railway vehicle - Google Patents
Low-voltage power distribution system of railway vehicle and railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN215436312U CN215436312U CN202121214162.7U CN202121214162U CN215436312U CN 215436312 U CN215436312 U CN 215436312U CN 202121214162 U CN202121214162 U CN 202121214162U CN 215436312 U CN215436312 U CN 215436312U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a low-voltage power distribution system and a rail vehicle, wherein the low-voltage power distribution system comprises a power supply unit, a power utilization unit, a central control unit, a current acquisition unit and a controllable switch tube, the power supply unit is connected with the input end of the controllable switch tube, the power utilization unit is connected with the output end of the controllable switch tube, the central control unit is connected with the control end of the controllable switch tube, the current acquisition unit is connected between the power supply unit and the controllable switch tube or between the controllable switch tube and the power utilization unit to acquire the current value flowing into or flowing out of the controllable switch tube, and the central control unit is connected with the current acquisition unit to acquire the acquired current value. The low-voltage power distribution system is convenient to control, simple in structure and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of rail vehicles, in particular to a low-voltage power distribution system of a rail vehicle and the rail vehicle.
Background
With the development of social economy, the application of the rail vehicle in the traffic field is more and more common. At present, a power distribution cabinet is generally adopted by a rail vehicle to provide 24V direct current for electric appliances of the vehicle, each branch of the power distribution cabinet is controlled by an air switch, and the air switch needs to be opened and closed manually on site, so that the control is inconvenient. In addition, the air switch has no monitoring measures, when the circuit is in fault and triggers protection, the air switch is disconnected, but a driver and equipment maintenance personnel cannot find the fault in time, and the fault cannot be eliminated in time. Moreover, the power distribution cabinet occupies a large space, is heavy, inconvenient to transport and high in cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to propose a low-voltage distribution system which is easy to control and simple in structure.
The low-voltage power distribution system of the railway vehicle comprises a power supply unit, a power utilization unit, a central control unit, a current acquisition unit and a controllable switch tube, wherein the power supply unit is connected with the input end of the controllable switch tube, the power utilization unit is connected with the output end of the controllable switch tube, the central control unit is connected with the control end of the controllable switch tube to control the on-off of the controllable switch tube, the current acquisition unit is connected between the power supply unit and the controllable switch tube or between the controllable switch tube and the power utilization unit to acquire the current value flowing into or flowing out of the controllable switch tube, and the central control unit is connected with the current acquisition unit to acquire the acquired current value and control the controllable switch tube to be switched off when the current value is larger than a set value.
Further, the controllable switch tube is an MOS tube.
Furthermore, the power supply unit comprises a first power supply branch, the first power supply branch comprises a storage battery, a first fuse and a first switch, the positive pole of the storage battery is connected with the input end of the controllable switch tube, the negative pole of the storage battery is connected with one end of the first fuse, the other end of the first fuse is connected with one end of the first switch, and the other end of the first switch is grounded.
Further, the power supply unit includes a second power supply branch, the second power supply branch includes a DC-DC converter and a second switch, a negative electrode of the DC-DC converter is grounded, a positive electrode of the DC-DC converter is connected to one end of the second switch, and the other end of the second switch is connected to an input end of the controllable switch tube.
Further, the low voltage distribution system further comprises a second fuse, and the second fuse is connected between the power supply unit and the input end of the controllable switch tube.
Furthermore, the low-voltage power distribution system further comprises a voltage acquisition unit, the voltage acquisition unit is connected with the power utilization unit to acquire the voltage of the power utilization unit, and the central control unit is connected with the voltage acquisition unit to acquire the acquired voltage value.
Further, the central control unit is connected with the power utilization unit.
The utility model also provides a railway vehicle which comprises at least one carriage, wherein the low-voltage power distribution system is arranged in each carriage.
Furthermore, the carriages are in multiple sections, the low-voltage power distribution system of each carriage further comprises a diode and a relay, the anode of the diode is connected with the power supply unit, the cathode of the diode is connected with the second fuse, and the coil part of the relay is connected with the central control unit; two of adjacent carriage the second fuse links to each other, two of adjacent carriage the contact of relay all is connected two between the second fuse.
Further, the rail vehicle comprises a train control and management system, and the central control unit of each low-voltage power distribution system is integrated in the train control and management system.
Has the advantages that: according to the low-voltage power distribution system, the current collecting unit collects the current value flowing into or out of the controllable switch tube and sends the collected current value to the central control unit, the central control unit analyzes the collected current, and the controllable switch tube is controlled to be disconnected when the current is found to be too large, so that the whole system is protected. The low-voltage power distribution system can control the controllable switch tube through the central control unit, is convenient to control, and does not need to be operated on site by workers. Moreover, compared with the prior art, the low-voltage power distribution system omits an air switch and a power distribution cabinet, and has simple structure and low cost.
The rail vehicle is convenient to control, simple in structure and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low voltage power distribution system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a low voltage power distribution system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a rail vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a rail vehicle according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.
A low voltage power distribution system 100 and a rail vehicle 1000 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-4.
The low-voltage power distribution system 100 of the rail vehicle 1000 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a power supply unit 10, a power utilization unit 20, a central control unit 30, a current collection unit 40, and a controllable switch tube 50. The power supply unit 10 mainly functions to provide low voltage power, and the power utilization unit 20 is a generic term for various low voltage power utilization devices on the rail vehicle 1000, such as lighting devices, voice devices, monitoring devices, and the like. The current collection unit 40 refers to various devices capable of collecting current information, such as various types of current sensors and the like. The controllable switch tube 50 refers to an electronic device that can be turned on and off under external control, such as a MOS transistor, a triode, etc., and the controllable switch tube 50 generally includes an input end, an output end, and a control end, and the current between the input end and the output end can be controlled by inputting a signal at the control end.
The power supply unit 10 is connected with the input end of the controllable switch tube 50, the power utilization unit 20 is connected with the output end of the controllable switch tube 50, the central control unit 30 is connected with the control end of the controllable switch tube 50, the current acquisition unit 40 is connected between the power supply unit 10 and the controllable switch tube 50 or between the controllable switch tube 50 and the power utilization unit 20, and the central control unit 30 is connected with the current acquisition unit 40. The current collection unit 40 may collect a current value flowing into the controllable switching tube 50 or a current value flowing out of the controllable switching tube 50, and transmit the collected current value to the central control unit 30. After the central control unit 30 obtains the current value, the current value is compared with the set value, and when the current value is larger than the set value, the central control unit 30 controls the controllable switch tube 50 to be switched off, that is, no current flows between the input end and the output end of the controllable switch tube 50; when the current value is smaller than the set value, the central control unit 30 controls the controllable switch tube 50 to be turned on, i.e. current flows between the input end and the output end of the controllable switch tube 50. The set value can be determined according to a suitable multiple of the maximum normal operating current value flowing through the controllable switch tube 50, for example, the maximum normal operating current value is 50A, the multiple is 1.2, and the set value can be 1.2 times 50A, i.e., 60A. The maximum normal operating current value may be obtained by calculation or experiment.
In the low-voltage power distribution system 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, the on-off of the controllable switch tube 50 can be controlled through the central control unit 30, so as to control the on-off of the electrical connection between the power supply unit 10 and the power utilization unit 20, meanwhile, the current acquisition unit 40 is arranged to acquire the current flowing into or out of the controllable switch tube 50 and send the acquired current value to the central control unit 30, the central control unit 30 can analyze the acquired current value, and the controllable switch tube 50 is controlled to be disconnected when the current is found to be too large, so as to protect the whole system.
In one embodiment, the central control unit 30 is connected to the power consuming unit 20. By connecting the central control unit 30 with the power consumption unit 20, the central control unit 30 can monitor the working condition of the power consumption unit 20, and the convenience of control is enhanced.
The MOS transistor generally includes a gate (G), a source (S) and a drain (D), and the gate is the control terminal. The MOS transistor comprises an NMOS transistor and a PMOS transistor, wherein the drain electrode is the input end and the source electrode is the output end for the NMOS transistor, and the drain electrode is the output end and the source electrode is the input end for the PMOS transistor. In the utility model, NMOS tubes and PMOS tubes can be used.
In one embodiment, the power supply unit 10 includes a first power supply branch, the first power supply branch includes a battery pack 11, a first fuse 12 and a first switch 13, a positive pole of the battery pack 11 is connected to an input terminal of the controllable switch tube 50, a negative pole of the battery pack 11 is connected to one end of the first fuse 12, the other end of the first fuse 12 is connected to one end of the first switch 13, and the other end of the first switch 13 is grounded. The first fuse 12 can prevent the current of the first power supply branch from being too large, so as to enhance the safety of the low voltage distribution system 100, and the first switch 13 can be controlled by an operator to determine whether the battery pack 11 supplies power to the outside.
In one embodiment, the power supply unit 10 includes a second power supply branch, the second power supply branch includes a DC-DC converter 14 and a second switch 15, a negative electrode of the DC-DC converter 14 is grounded, a positive electrode of the DC-DC converter 14 is connected to one end of the second switch 15, and the other end of the second switch 15 is connected to an input terminal of the controllable switch tube 50. The DC-DC converter 14 is used to convert the high voltage power of the rail vehicle 1000 into low voltage power for the low voltage power distribution system 100, and the high voltage power of the rail vehicle 1000 may come from the power battery of the rail vehicle 1000 or from an external power supply line. The second switch 15 can be controlled by an operator to determine whether the DC-DC converter 14 is supplying power to the outside.
The first power supply branch and the second power supply branch may be present simultaneously to enhance the reliability of the low voltage power distribution system 100, and when one power supply branch fails, the other power supply branch may continue to operate.
In one embodiment, the low voltage distribution system 100 further includes a second fuse 60, and the second fuse 60 is connected between the power supply unit 10 and the input terminal of the controllable switch tube 50, specifically, one end of the second fuse 60 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 11 or to the other end of the second switch 15, and the other end of the second fuse 60 is connected to the input terminal of the controllable switch tube 50. The second fuse 60 prevents the current of the low voltage distribution system 100 from being excessive, enhancing the safety of the low voltage distribution system 100.
In one embodiment, the low voltage distribution system 100 further includes a voltage collecting unit 70, the voltage collecting unit 70 is connected to the power consumption unit 20 to collect the voltage value of the power consumption unit 20, and the central control unit 30 is connected to the voltage collecting unit 70 to obtain the collected voltage value. By providing the voltage acquisition unit 70, the central control unit 30 can monitor the voltage of the power consumption unit 20, thereby enhancing the monitoring capability of the central control unit 30. The voltage collecting unit 70 may be various types of voltage sensors.
The low-voltage electric devices in each compartment of the railway vehicle 1000 are numerous, and for convenience of control, in one embodiment, the low-voltage electric devices in each compartment are divided into three parts, namely, a front electric unit 20a, a middle electric unit 20b and a rear electric unit 20c, that is, three electric units are provided in one low-voltage distribution system 100. The front electric unit 20a may include a vehicle lamp, a wiper blade, etc., the middle electric unit 20b may include an information terminal, a cooling water pump, etc., and the rear electric unit 20c may include a motor controller, a battery controller, etc. When the number of the electricity utilization units is three, correspondingly, the number of the controllable switch tubes 50 and the number of the current collection units 40 are also three, one controllable switch tube and one current collection unit correspond to one electricity utilization unit, the three controllable switch tubes are respectively a front controllable switch tube 50a, a middle controllable switch tube 50b and a rear controllable switch tube 50c, and the three current collection units are respectively a front current collection unit 40a, a middle current collection unit 40b and a rear current collection unit 40 c.
The power supply unit 10 is connected with the input ends of the front controllable switch tube 50a, the middle controllable switch tube 50b and the rear controllable switch tube 50c respectively, the middle controllable unit 30 is connected with the control ends of the front controllable switch tube 50a, the middle controllable switch tube 50b and the rear controllable switch tube 50c respectively, the front power utilization unit 20a is connected with the output end of the front controllable switch tube 50a, the middle power utilization unit 20b is connected with the output end of the middle controllable switch tube 50b, and the rear power utilization unit 20c is connected with the output end of the rear controllable switch tube 50 c. The front current collecting unit 40a is connected between the front controllable switch tube 50a and the front electricity utilization unit 20a, the middle current collecting unit 40b is connected between the middle controllable switch tube 50b and the middle electricity utilization unit 20b, and the rear current collecting unit 40c is connected between the rear controllable switch tube 50c and the rear electricity utilization unit 20 c. The voltage collecting unit 70 is connected to the middle power consumption unit 20 b. Each current collecting unit, each power utilization unit and each voltage collecting unit are connected with the central control unit 30.
Of course, the low-voltage electric devices in each compartment can be divided into four, five or more parts according to the number of the low-voltage electric devices in each compartment.
In the low-voltage power distribution system 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, the central control unit 30 can control not only the controllable switch tube 50 but also the power utilization unit 20, so that the control is convenient, the on-site operation of workers is not needed, and the manpower and material resources are saved. In addition, this low-voltage distribution system 100 does not need air switch, also does not need the switch board, has simplified electrical structure, has saved the inside space of rail vehicle 1000, saves the cost.
The rail vehicle 1000 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes at least one car, and a low voltage power distribution system 100 is provided in each car.
In one embodiment, the cars are multi-section, and the low voltage power distribution system 100 for each car further includes a diode 80 and a relay 90. The anode of the diode 80 is connected to the power supply unit 10, and the cathode of the diode 80 is connected to the second fuse 60, and specifically, the anode of the diode 80 is connected to the anode of the secondary battery pack 11 or to the other end of the second switch 15. The coil portion of the relay 90 is connected to the center control unit 30. The two second fuses 60 of adjacent cars are connected, and the contacts of the two relays 90 of adjacent cars are connected between the two second fuses 60. The relay generally includes a coil portion and a contact, and by controlling the coil portion, the opening and closing of the contact, that is, the opening and closing of the relay, can be controlled.
By connecting the two second fuses 60 of the adjacent cars, the electricity using unit 20 of the own car can be supplied by the power supply unit 10 of the adjacent car when the power supply unit 10 of one car fails. Specifically, in a low-voltage power distribution system 100, the coil part of the relay 90 is connected to the central control unit 30, and the switching of the relay 90, that is, the switching between the two second fuses 60 of the adjacent cars, can be controlled by the central control unit 30. When the power supply units 10 of the low-voltage distribution systems 100 are normal, the central control unit 30 controls the relays 90 to be opened, and the two second fuses 60 of the adjacent compartments are opened. When the power supply unit 10 of one of the low-voltage power distribution systems 100 fails, the central control units 30 of the two adjacent compartments control the relays 90 of the two compartments to be combined, the two second fuses 60 of the two adjacent compartments are conducted, and the power supply unit 10 of the adjacent compartment supplies power to the power utilization unit 20 of the compartment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the diode 80, when the power supply unit 10 of the adjacent car supplies power to the car, interference to the power supply unit 10 of the car can be avoided, and the power supply unit 10 of the car can be protected.
The rail vehicle 1000 generally includes a Train Control and Management System (TCMS) in which the central control unit 30 of each low voltage power distribution system 100 is integrated in one embodiment to facilitate centralized control of the entire rail vehicle. The train control and management system can comprise a touch display screen, each central control unit 30 can be controlled through the touch display screen, and then each low-voltage power distribution system 100 is controlled, so that the control is convenient, and manpower and material resources are saved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the connection between the components is mainly an electrical connection, and there are various ways of electrical connection, such as direct connection through a wire, or connection through a network (CAN network, ethernet, wireless network, etc.).
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," "disposed," and the like are used in a broad sense and can be directly mounted, connected, or disposed, or indirectly mounted, connected, or disposed, wherein the connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that achieves power transmission. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
While embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The low-voltage power distribution system of the railway vehicle is characterized by comprising a power supply unit, a power utilization unit, a central control unit, a current acquisition unit and a controllable switch tube, wherein the power supply unit is connected with the input end of the controllable switch tube, the power utilization unit is connected with the output end of the controllable switch tube, the central control unit is connected with the control end of the controllable switch tube to control the on-off of the controllable switch tube, the current acquisition unit is connected between the power supply unit and the controllable switch tube or between the controllable switch tube and the power utilization unit to acquire the current value flowing into or flowing out of the controllable switch tube, the central control unit is connected with the current acquisition unit to acquire the acquired current value, and the controllable switch tube is controlled to be switched off when the current value is larger than a set value.
2. The low voltage power distribution system of claim 1 wherein the controllable switching devices are MOS devices.
3. The low voltage power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the power supply unit comprises a first power supply branch, the first power supply branch comprises a battery pack, a first fuse and a first switch, a positive pole of the battery pack is connected to an input terminal of the controllable switching tube, a negative pole of the battery pack is connected to one end of the first fuse, another end of the first fuse is connected to one end of the first switch, and another end of the first switch is grounded.
4. The low voltage power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the power supply unit comprises a second power supply branch, the second power supply branch comprises a DC-DC converter and a second switch, a negative pole of the DC-DC converter is grounded, a positive pole of the DC-DC converter is connected to one end of the second switch, and another end of the second switch is connected to the input end of the controllable switching tube.
5. The low voltage power distribution system of claim 1 further comprising a second fuse connected between the power supply unit and the input of the controllable switching tube.
6. The low voltage power distribution system of claim 1 further comprising a voltage acquisition unit coupled to the power consumption unit to acquire voltage of the power consumption unit, the central control unit coupled to the voltage acquisition unit to acquire the acquired voltage value.
7. The low voltage power distribution system of claim 1 wherein the central control unit is connected to the power consuming unit.
8. A rail vehicle comprising at least one car, each of said cars having a low voltage power distribution system according to claim 5 disposed therein.
9. The rail vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the cars are a plurality of cars, the low voltage distribution system of each car further comprises a diode and a relay, an anode of the diode is connected to the power supply unit, a cathode of the diode is connected to the second fuse, and a coil portion of the relay is connected to the central control unit;
two of adjacent carriage the second fuse links to each other, two of adjacent carriage the contact of relay all is connected two between the second fuse.
10. The rail vehicle of claim 8, wherein the rail vehicle includes a train control and management system, and wherein the central control unit of each low voltage power distribution system is integrated within the train control and management system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121214162.7U CN215436312U (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Low-voltage power distribution system of railway vehicle and railway vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121214162.7U CN215436312U (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Low-voltage power distribution system of railway vehicle and railway vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN215436312U true CN215436312U (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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| CN202121214162.7U Active CN215436312U (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Low-voltage power distribution system of railway vehicle and railway vehicle |
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- 2021-06-02 CN CN202121214162.7U patent/CN215436312U/en active Active
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