CN215414758U - Experimental device for measuring Young modulus by using standing wave - Google Patents
Experimental device for measuring Young modulus by using standing wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN215414758U CN215414758U CN202121778475.5U CN202121778475U CN215414758U CN 215414758 U CN215414758 U CN 215414758U CN 202121778475 U CN202121778475 U CN 202121778475U CN 215414758 U CN215414758 U CN 215414758U
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
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- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an experimental device for measuring Young modulus by using standing wave, which comprises a workbench, a metal wire, a Wheatstone bridge, an operating platform, a fixed clamp, a slide rail, a first resistance strain gauge, a slide block, a tension sensor and a fine adjustment device, wherein the Wheatstone bridge is arranged on the upper surface of the workbench, the operating platform is arranged on the front side of the Wheatstone bridge, the slide rail is arranged on the upper surface of the operating platform, the left side of the slide rail is fixedly connected with the fixed clamp, the fixed clamp is connected with the tension sensor through the metal wire, the metal wire is connected with the first resistance strain gauge through an elastic clamping sheet, the lower surface of the tension sensor is connected with the slide block, the right side of the slide block is connected with a screw rod in the fine adjustment device through a thread, and the lower end of the slide block is connected with the slide rail in a sliding manner, the device combines the Young modulus experiment and the Young modulus measurement into one device, saves the space of a laboratory, enriches the content of the experiment, and simultaneously integrates the relevant knowledge of electricity and mechanics, the interest of learning is increased, and the method has stronger comprehensiveness, design type and innovation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of physical teaching experimental instruments, in particular to an experimental device for measuring Young modulus by utilizing standing waves.
Background
According to the relevant patents of the Young modulus measurement experiment, the traditional Young modulus measurement experiment for the metal wire has the following defects:
1. the traditional hanging weight is replaced by a tension sensor by part of devices, the elongation of the metal wire is controlled through a fine adjustment structure, the tension sensor is not known, the resistance of the tension sensor is changed due to the deformation of the elastic body, the tension is obtained, the deformation of the elastic body in the tension sensor and the deformation of the metal wire are superposed to be the elongation controlled by the fine adjustment structure, and the measurement error of the strain is large.
2. The tension of a suspended weight device in a traditional standing wave experiment is changed discontinuously, and a slit knife edge device has friction force on a metal wire, so that measurable data are less, and the tension measurement error of the metal wire is larger.
3. The traditional strain gage method for measuring the strain of the metal wire is to stick a strain gage on the metal wire by strong glue, and the strain gage is difficult to detach once being stuck on the metal wire, so that the service life of the strain gage is influenced.
4. The experiment for measuring the Young modulus of the metal wire, the standing wave experiment and the Wheatstone bridge experiment are all provided by college physical experiments, but no experimental device is provided at present to well combine the experiment, the standing wave experiment and the Wheatstone bridge experiment.
To sum up, the experiment of domestic college physics laboratory measurement wire Young modulus is mostly through the little elongation of optical lever method measurement wire at present, adjusts the strain of wire through hanging the weight, and the device easily rocks at increase and decrease weight in-process, and measured data is inaccurate and the operation is more loaded down with trivial details, is unfavorable for the student to experiment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The experimental device combines a standing wave experiment and a Young modulus experiment for measuring metal wires into one experimental device, saves experimental space, enriches experimental contents, integrates relevant knowledge of electricity and mechanics, increases learning interest, has stronger comprehensiveness, design and innovation, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an utilize standing wave to survey young modulus experimental apparatus, comprises a workbench, the wire, the Wheatstone bridge, the operation panel, mounting fixture, the slide rail, resistance strain gauge one, the slider, force sensor and micromatic setting, the workstation upper surface is equipped with the Wheatstone bridge, Wheatstone bridge front side is equipped with the operation panel, the operation panel upper surface is equipped with the slide rail, slide rail left side and mounting fixture fixed connection, mounting fixture passes through the wire and is connected with force sensor, be connected with resistance strain gauge through the elasticity card on the wire, force sensor lower surface and slider are connected, the slider right side is connected with the lead screw in the micromatic setting through the screw, and slider lower extreme and slide rail sliding connection.
Furthermore, the fixing clamp is composed of a quick clamping toggle button and a fixing seat, a through hole is formed in the fixing seat in the fixing clamp, and a vibrator is arranged at the joint of the right side of the fixing clamp and the metal wire.
Furthermore, the left end of the metal wire penetrates through the fixing clamp, and the metal wire is located on the right side of the fixing clamp and is connected with the second resistance strain gauge through the elastic clamping piece.
Furthermore, the upper surface of the sliding rail is provided with a size reading.
Furthermore, the fine adjustment device consists of a screw rod and an adjusting handle.
Furthermore, the input ends of the first resistance strain gauge and the second resistance strain gauge are electrically connected with the output end of the Wheatstone bridge through a lead.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: this utilize standing wave to survey young modulus experimental apparatus, this device is to young modulus experimental apparatus following great improvement: the tension sensor is used for replacing the traditional weight device, so that the relative uncertainty caused by an instrument is greatly reduced, and the force measurement is more accurate; secondly, the standing wave method is used for replacing a spiral micrometer to measure the cross section area of the metal wire, so that the relative uncertainty caused by an instrument is greatly reduced, and the measurement result is more accurate; and the strain gauge method is used for replacing the traditional optical lever method to measure strain, so that the defects of the traditional method are avoided, the operation is simpler, and the measurement is more accurate.
The device has the following great improvements on standing wave experiments: firstly, a weight device is replaced by a fine adjustment device and a tension sensor, so that the force measurement is more accurate; secondly, the standing wave generated by the position of the wedge is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of the vibration source of the vibrator, so that the generation of the standing wave has stability; and thirdly, the wedge is removed, so that the friction of the wedge on the metal wire is avoided, and fourthly, the device can independently complete the standing wave experiment.
In conclusion, the device combines the standing wave experiment and the experiment for measuring the Young modulus of the metal wire into one experiment device, saves the laboratory space, enriches the experiment content, can independently complete the standing wave experiment, simultaneously integrates the relevant knowledge of electricity and mechanics, increases the interest of study, and has stronger comprehensiveness, designability and innovation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a resistive strain gage in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a Wheatstone bridge according to the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a working table 1, a metal wire 2, a Wheatstone bridge 3, an operating table 4, a fixing clamp 5, a sliding rail 6, a first resistance strain gauge 7, a sliding block 8, a tension sensor 9, a fine adjustment device 10, a screw rod 101, an adjusting handle 102, a vibrator 11 and a second resistance strain gauge 12.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: an experimental device for measuring Young's modulus by using standing wave comprises a workbench 1, a metal wire 2, a Wheatstone bridge 3, an operation table 4, a fixed clamp 5, a slide rail 6, a first resistance strain gauge 7, a slide block 8, a tension sensor 9 and a fine adjustment device 10, wherein the Wheatstone bridge 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the workbench 1, the operation table 4 is arranged on the front side of the Wheatstone bridge 3, the slide rail 6 is arranged on the upper surface of the operation table 4, the left side of the slide rail 6 is fixedly connected with the fixed clamp 5, the fixed clamp 5 is connected with the tension sensor 9 through the metal wire 2, the first resistance strain gauge 7 is connected on the metal wire 2 through an elastic clamping sheet, the lower surface of the tension sensor 9 is connected with the slide block 8, the right side of the slide block 8 is connected with a screw rod 101 in the fine adjustment device 10 through threads, the lower end of the slide block 8 is slidably connected with the slide rail 6, the fixed clamp 5 consists of a quick clamping toggle button and a fixed seat, the quick clamping toggle button is used for penetrating the metal wire through the fixed seat for a certain length, the through hole is arranged on the fixed seat in the fixed clamp 5, the vibrator 11 is arranged at the joint of the right side of the fixed clamp 5 and the metal wire 2, the standing wave generated by the metal wire 2 is measured by adjusting different vibration frequencies of the vibrator 11, the frequency caused by the standing wave generated each time is recorded, the left end of the metal wire 2 penetrates through the fixed clamp 5, the metal wire 2 is positioned at the right side of the fixed clamp 5 and is connected with the second resistance strain gauge 12 through the elastic clamping piece, the size reading is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding rail 6, the error caused by measuring the original length of the metal wire 2 by the tape measure is solved, the accuracy of the experiment is improved, the fine adjustment device 10 consists of a screw rod 101 and an adjusting handle 102, the screw rod 101 is driven by the adjusting handle 102 for multiple times to move the slide block 8, so that the tension sensor 9 generates tension on the metal wire 2 at different distances, the input ends of the first resistance strain gauge 7 and the second resistance strain gauge 12 are electrically connected with the output end of the Wheatstone bridge 3 through a lead wire, the first resistance strain gauge 7 is positioned on the portion, under tension, of the metal wire 2, and the second resistance strain gauge 12 is positioned on the portion, under tension, of the metal wire 2, so that the influence of temperature factors on the resistance change of the strain gauges is discharged, meanwhile, the metal wire 2 drives the sensitive grid of the first resistance strain gauge 7 to deform after deformation, the resistance of the first resistance strain gauge 7 changes, the small deformation of the metal wire 2 is obtained through the relation between the resistance and the strain, the measurement of mechanical signals is converted into the measurement of electrical signals, the operation steps are convenient, the measurement structure is stable, the repeatability is good, and the measurement result is more accurate.
When in use: firstly, the bulk density rho of a metal wire 2 is a known number, the metal wire 2 is fixed on a graduated slide rail 6 through a fixing clamp 5 and a tension sensor 9, the metal wire 2 is tightened through a fine adjustment device 10, the corresponding tension is recorded, the frequency of a vibrator 11 is adjusted to enable the metal wire 2 to form an integer number of half wavelengths, so that the wavelength length can be measured, then a screw rod 101 drives a slide block 8 to move through rotating an adjustment handle 102 for multiple times, so as to change the tension of the metal wire 2, at the moment, after the fine adjustment device 10 is adjusted each time, the vibration source frequency of the vibrator 11 is adjusted to enable the metal wire to generate a standing wave phenomenon, the wavelength of each standing wave generation and the tension and the frequency of the tension sensor 9 are recorded, the linear density of the metal wire is measured according to a formula, wherein lambda is the standing wave wavelength, f is the corresponding vibration source frequency, the linear density of the metal wire is calculated according to the relationship between the frequency and the force, so that the cross-sectional area of the metal wire is obtained, the standing wave experiment can be independently completed by the device.
The stress and strain of the metal need to be measured for the young's modulus of the wire 2; the stress is calculated by the cross section area obtained by the tension sensor 9 and a standing wave experiment, the strain adopts a resistance strain gage method, a resistance strain gage I7 is connected with the metal wire 2 which is under tension through an elastic card, the strain of the resistance strain gage I7 can be caused by the strain of the metal wire 2, and then the change of the resistance strain gage I7 can be caused, so that the measurement of the tiny mechanical quantity is converted into the measurement of the electrical quantity (the change of the resistance strain gage I7 and the strain of the metal wire 2 have a positive proportional relation, and the proportional coefficient is fixed), and meanwhile, the temperature change is avoidedChanging the resistance value of the first resistance strain gauge 7 (namely, influencing the strain of the measuring metal wire 2), and connecting the second resistance strain gauge 12 with the metal wire 2 which is not under tension through an elastic card so as to achieve the effect of temperature compensation; the resistance strain gauge I7 and the resistance strain gauge II 12 are connected with the Wheatstone bridge 3 through the conducting wire, when the metal wire 2 generates strain, the metal wire 2 generates deformation to drive the resistance value of the resistance strain gauge I7 to change, the resistance value of the resistance strain gauge II 12 does not change due to strain, the balance of the Wheatstone bridge 3 can be broken, at the moment, current can pass through an external micro-current meter connected with the resistance strain gauge I7 and the resistance strain gauge II 12, and the resistance and the U of the resistance wire can be measured through a strain measurement formula (k is a fixed constant, and R is the resistance and the U of the resistance wire when the Wheatstone bridge 3 is balanced)0The voltage at two ends of the Wheatstone bridge 3, Rg is the internal resistance of the galvanometer, and I is the current value of the galvanometer), and the change of the resistance of the strain gauge is calculated according to the readings of the current meter and the voltage so as to calculate the strain of the metal wire.
The determination of Young's modulus can be accomplished based on the above research route.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an utilize standing wave to survey young modulus experimental apparatus, includes workstation (1), wire (2), wheatstone bridge (3), operation panel (4), mounting fixture (5), slide rail (6), resistance strain gauge (7), slider (8), force sensor (9) and micromatic setting (10), its characterized in that: workstation (1) upper surface is equipped with wheatstone bridge (3), wheatstone bridge (3) front side is equipped with operation panel (4), operation panel (4) upper surface is equipped with slide rail (6), slide rail (6) left side and mounting fixture (5) fixed connection, mounting fixture (5) are connected with force sensor (9) through wire (2), be connected with resistance strain gauge (7) through the elasticity card on wire (2), force sensor (9) lower surface is connected with slider (8), lead screw (101) in slider (8) right side through screw and micromatic setting (10) are connected, and slider (8) lower extreme and slide rail (6) sliding connection.
2. The experimental device for measuring Young's modulus by using standing wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixing clamp (5) is composed of a quick clamping toggle button and a fixing seat, a through hole is formed in the fixing seat in the fixing clamp (5), and a vibrator (11) is arranged at the joint of the right side of the fixing clamp (5) and the metal wire (2).
3. The experimental device for measuring Young's modulus by using standing wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left end of the metal wire (2) penetrates through the fixing clamp (5), and the metal wire (2) is located on the right side of the fixing clamp (5) and is connected with the second resistance strain gauge (12) through the elastic clamping piece.
4. The experimental device for measuring Young's modulus by using standing wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the sliding rail (6) is provided with a size reading.
5. The experimental device for measuring Young's modulus by using standing wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fine adjustment device (10) is composed of a screw rod (101) and an adjusting handle (102).
6. The experimental device for measuring Young's modulus by using standing wave as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the input ends of the first resistance strain gauge (7) and the second resistance strain gauge (12) are electrically connected with the output end of the Wheatstone bridge (3) through a lead.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121778475.5U CN215414758U (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-02 | Experimental device for measuring Young modulus by using standing wave |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121778475.5U CN215414758U (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-02 | Experimental device for measuring Young modulus by using standing wave |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215414758U true CN215414758U (en) | 2022-01-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121778475.5U Expired - Fee Related CN215414758U (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-02 | Experimental device for measuring Young modulus by using standing wave |
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| CN (1) | CN215414758U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-08-02 CN CN202121778475.5U patent/CN215414758U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20220104 |