CN215393566U

CN215393566U - Roll extrusion strengthening tool for R area at root of bolt

Info

Publication number: CN215393566U
Application number: CN202121391642.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵选锋; 张晓明
Original assignee: Xi'an Chengli Aviation Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Chengli Aviation Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-22
Filing date: 2021-06-22
Publication date: 2022-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rolling strengthening tool for a R area at the root part of a bolt, which comprises a three-jaw chuck connecting plate and a three-jaw self-centering clamping disc fixed above the three-jaw chuck connecting plate, wherein a plurality of roller seats are uniformly arranged on the end surface of the three-jaw self-centering clamping disc around the axis of the three-jaw self-centering clamping disc, and each roller seat is provided with a rolling unit; a plurality of rolling units form an intersection port at the shaft center of the three-jaw self-centering clamping plate, the intersection port is used for placing a bolt, downward acting force is applied by means of vertical machining equipment, the bolt is driven to rotate, and then the rolling wheels generate radial extrusion force and friction force to roll and reinforce the R area at the root part of the bolt. The tool disclosed by the utility model utilizes the characteristic of the three-jaw self-centering chuck to adjust the clearance between the three rollers, so that automatic centering is realized, the requirement on the skill of an operator is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved; the bolt strengthened by the tool eliminates the defect of stress concentration, so that the stress of the connection transition part of the head and the screw is uniform, and the connection strength of the bolt is improved.

Description

Roll extrusion strengthening tool for R area at root of bolt

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hardware machining auxiliary devices, and particularly relates to a bolt root R area rolling strengthening tool.

Background

With the continuous development and progress of science and technology, high-strength bolts are widely used on a large number of military or civil large-scale equipment (such as airplanes, high-speed rails and the like), particularly in the industries of airplanes and high-speed rails with higher requirements on safety and reliability, bolts with high strength and high fatigue life are more and more widely used, and even parts of products require ultrahigh-strength bolts.

As is well known, a bolt is a fastener mainly composed of a head and a screw (a cylinder with an external thread), and particularly, the head of a countersunk head bolt can be screwed into a part completely, and a smooth and non-protruding surface is widely used after connection. Because the bolt consists of two parts, the transition part of the head part and the rod part of the design structure of the bolt generates structural mutation, the R area at the root part of the bolt (shown in figure 1) generates stress concentration due to the structure, the bolt generates fatigue fracture in work, and the function failure of the bolt products is caused.

In order to overcome the defects, the R region at the root of the bolt needs to be reinforced by rolling, the reinforcing tool in the industry at present generally adopts a structure (as shown in fig. 2) that a single roller and a spring control the force application size and parts are horizontally placed for processing, and fig. 3 is a schematic view of rolling processing in the prior art. The tool structure is only used for horizontal machining equipment such as a lathe and the like, and cannot be used for vertical machining equipment such as a drilling machine and a vertical milling machine. And the defects that the tool cannot be automatically centered and aligned, the machining efficiency is low, the force application size controlled by the spring is unstable, the requirement on the skill of an operator is high, and the like exist.

In view of the above, the present inventors have designed a roll strengthening tool for R region of bolt root to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a bolt root R area rolling strengthening tool, which adopts three rollers to carry out rolling strengthening processing, realizes automatic centering, reduces the skill requirement on operators and improves the processing efficiency; in addition, the tool utilizes the characteristic of the three-jaw self-centering chuck to adjust the gap between the three rollers, so that bolts with different sizes can be strengthened, the application range of the tool is improved, the purpose of strengthening R areas at the roots of different bolts is realized, the bolts are uniformly stressed, and the connection strength of the bolts is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

a rolling strengthening tool for an R area at the root part of a bolt comprises a three-jaw chuck connecting plate and a three-jaw self-centering clamping disc fixed above the three-jaw self-centering clamping plate, wherein a plurality of roller seats are uniformly arranged on the end surface of the three-jaw self-centering clamping disc around the axis of the three-jaw self-centering clamping disc, and each roller seat is provided with a rolling unit;

the rolling unit comprises a roller clamp, a pin shaft, a spring seat and a roller, the roller clamp is hinged in a slope groove formed in the upper end of the roller seat through the pin shaft, the roller is installed at the end part of one side of the roller clamp, which is positioned at the axis of the three-jaw self-centering clamping spare disk, the spring seat is arranged between the pin shaft and the roller, and the top of the spring seat is in contact with the bottom surface of the roller clamp;

and a plurality of rolling units form an intersection port at the shaft center of the three-jaw self-centering clamping plate, the intersection port is used for placing a bolt, downward acting force is applied by vertical processing equipment, the bolt is driven to rotate, and then the R area at the root part of the bolt is subjected to rolling reinforcement through a roller.

Furthermore, the rolling unit also comprises an adjusting screw, the adjusting screw is arranged at one end of the roller clamp far away from the roller, and the adjusting screw is used for adjusting the included angle between the roller and the horizontal plane.

Further, the spring holder is vertically installed in the roller seat, the spring holder comprises a sleeve, a spring and a knock pin, the knock pin is sleeved in a cavity of the sleeve, and the spring is placed in the cavity and below the knock pin.

Furthermore, one end of the roller clamp, which is close to the axis of the three-jaw self-centering clamp standby disk, is of a tilting structure, and the included angle between the tilting structure and the horizontal plane ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

Furthermore, an Contraband-shaped opening is formed in one end, close to the axle center of the three-jaw self-centering clamp standby plate, of the roller clamp, the roller is installed in the Contraband-shaped opening through a roller pin, and a first retaining ring and a second retaining ring are arranged on the roller pin and on the two sides of the roller respectively and used for preventing the roller from moving up and down along the roller pin.

Furthermore, the number of the roller seats is three, and each roller seat is arranged right above the movable clamping jaw of the three-jaw self-centering clamping plate and used for adjusting the distance between the three rollers so as to strengthen the root R areas of bolts with different specifications.

Furthermore, the rolling units are three groups, and the central angles of every two adjacent rolling units are 120 degrees.

Furthermore, the roller is made of hard alloy.

Further, the size of the roller is correspondingly set according to the specification of the bolt to be strengthened.

Further, the vertical processing equipment is a bench drill or a vertical milling machine.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the utility model relates to a roll strengthening tool for a R area at the root part of a bolt, which adopts three rollers to carry out roll strengthening processing, the distance between the three rollers can be adjusted through a three-jaw self-centering chuck, on one hand, the consistent distance between the three rollers and an axis can be ensured, on the other hand, the corresponding adjustment can be carried out according to the specification of the bolt to be strengthened, the automatic centering is realized by the tool, the bolt to be strengthened is only needed to be put into an intersection, then the bolt is moved to the lower part of vertical processing equipment such as bench drill, vertical milling and the like, downward acting force is applied to the bolt by the vertical processing equipment and the bolt is driven to rotate, rolling units are mutually closed through a hinged pin shaft, the R is formed at the root part of the bolt by radial extrusion generated by the three rollers, the size of the R is ensured by the rollers, the requirement on the skill of an operator is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.

2. According to the tool for rolling and strengthening the R area at the root of the bolt, the adjusting screw is further arranged in the tool rolling unit, the angle of the roller relative to the horizontal plane can be adjusted through the adjusting screw, namely, the angle of the roller forming the R at the root of the bolt can be adjusted through the adjusting screw.

3. According to the roll strengthening tool for the R area at the root part of the bolt, disclosed by the utility model, the gap between the rollers can be adjusted, and the rollers with different specifications can be replaced according to the requirements, so that the tool can be used for strengthening bolts with different diameters and R values, namely the tool is universal.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a countersunk head bolt before rolling R in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art single roller rolled bolt structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a prior art roll process;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the roll strengthening tool for the R region at the root of the bolt of the utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rolling process of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a countersunk bolt structure after the roll strengthening of the tool of the present invention.

Wherein: 1 is a three-jaw chuck connecting plate; 2, a three-jaw self-centering clamping standby disc; 3 is a roller seat; 4 is a rolling unit; 5 is an intersection port; 6 is a bolt; 31 is a bevel groove; 41 is a roller card; 42 is a pin shaft; 43 is a spring seat; 44 is a roller; 45 is an adjusting screw; 431 is a sleeve; 432 is a spring; 433 is a knock pin; 441 is a roller pin; 442 is a first retaining ring; 443 is the second retaining ring.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus consistent with certain aspects of the utility model, as detailed in the appended claims.

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Referring to fig. 4 to 5, the roll strengthening tool for the R region of the bolt root comprises a three-jaw chuck connecting plate 1 and a three-jaw self-centering backup plate 2 fixed above the three-jaw chuck connecting plate, wherein a plurality of roller seats 3 are uniformly arranged on the end surface of the three-jaw self-centering backup plate 2 around the axis of the three-jaw self-centering backup plate, each roller seat 3 is provided with a roll unit 4, the plurality of roll units 4 form an intersection 5 at the axis of the three-jaw self-centering backup plate 2, the intersection 5 is used for placing a bolt 6, then downward acting force is applied to the outside, the bolt 6 is driven to rotate, and the roll strengthening is performed on the R region of the bolt root through the roll units 4.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the rolling unit 4 of the present invention includes a roller clamp 41, a pin 42, a spring seat 43, and a roller 44; the roller clamp 41 is hinged in the inclined plane groove 31 formed in the upper end of the roller seat 3 through a pin shaft 42, so that the roller clamp 41 can move up and down in the inclined plane groove 31 by taking the pin shaft 42 as the center, the roller 44 is installed at the end part of one side of the roller clamp 41, which is positioned at the axis of the three-jaw self-centering backup plate 2, the spring seat 43 is arranged between the pin shaft 42 and the roller 44, and the top of the spring seat 43 is in contact with the bottom surface of the roller clamp 41.

One end of the roller card 41, which is close to the axis of the three-jaw self-centering clamping equipment disc 2, is of a tilting structure, the included angle between the tilting structure and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees and is generally set to be 45 degrees, and after the arrangement, an intersection port 5 formed by a plurality of rolling units is located at the highest point of the equipment, so that an operator can conveniently take workpieces (bolts); and secondly, the operation sight is good when the milling machine is at a high point, so that an operator can control the rotation of the bolt by means of a bench drill or a vertical milling machine, and the processing efficiency is improved.

The spring seat 43 is vertically installed in the roller seat 3, and the spring seat 43 comprises a sleeve 431, a spring 432 and a top pin 433; the top pin 433 is sleeved in a cavity of the sleeve 431, and a spring 432 is placed in the cavity of the sleeve 431 and below the top pin 433. When the root of the bolt is strengthened, a bench drill or a vertical mill applies a downward acting force and drives the bolt to rotate, the roller clamp 41 moves downwards along the pin shaft 42, the plurality of rollers 44 are mutually closed to generate radial pressure and friction force to roll and strengthen the root of the bolt, and the spring seat 43 is compressed immediately; after the root of the bolt is strengthened, the external force applied by the bench drill or the vertical milling is cancelled, the spring seat 43 extends, the jacking pin 433 immediately obtains an upward acting force, the roller clamp 41 is supported to restore the initial state, and the strengthened bolt can be taken down at a high point.

An Contraband-shaped opening is formed in one end, close to the axis of the three-jaw self-centering backup plate 2, of the roller clamp 41, the roller 44 is mounted in the Contraband-shaped opening through a roller pin 441, and a first retaining ring 442 and a second retaining ring 443 are respectively arranged on the roller pin 441 and on two sides of the roller 44 and used for preventing the roller 44 from moving up and down along the roller pin 441. Preferably, the roller 44 is made of a hard alloy material with high hardness and wear resistance to reduce the frequency of replacing the roller. In addition, the size of the roller 44 in the tool can be correspondingly set according to the specification of the bolt 6 to be strengthened so as to adapt to bolts with different specifications and improve the application range of the tool.

Preferably, the rolling unit 4 of the present invention further comprises an adjusting screw 45, wherein the adjusting screw 45 is installed at an end of the roller clamp 41 away from the roller 44, and the adjusting screw 45 is used for adjusting an included angle between the roller 44 and a horizontal plane, that is, an angle R formed by the roller at the root of the bolt can be adjusted through the adjusting screw 45.

The utility model has three roller seats 3, each roller seat 3 is arranged right above a movable jaw of a three-jaw self-centering chuck 2, three groups of corresponding rolling units 4 are provided, the central angle of each two adjacent groups of rolling units 4 is 120 degrees, and the distance between three rollers 44 is adjusted by utilizing the automatic centering characteristic of the three-jaw self-centering chuck 2 so as to strengthen the root R areas of bolts with different specifications.

This embodiment uses commonly used M4 cross countersunk head bolt connecting piece to strengthen as an example, explains the working process of this frock:

firstly, mounting rollers with corresponding sizes, and then adjusting the distance between the three rollers through a three-jaw self-centering chuck to enable the diameter of an intersection formed by the three rollers to be slightly larger than that of an M4 cross countersunk head bolt screw and smaller than that of the head;

then, putting an M4 cross countersunk head bolt to be strengthened into the intersection, pushing the tool to be placed under the main shaft of the bench drill, installing a special joint (matched with the head of the bolt to be strengthened) on the main shaft of the bench drill, providing rolling force by increasing a balance weight, and providing power for the bolt by the rotation of the main shaft, and setting the rotation speed and the downward depth of the bench drill; starting the bench drill, slowly putting down the main shaft, driving the bolt to slowly rotate by the main shaft, and then strengthening the root of the bolt through the extrusion force and the friction force of the roller;

and finally, stopping the rotation of the main shaft after the R rolling time is up, lifting the main shaft and taking out the R rolling bolt from the intersection, namely finishing the rolling reinforcement of the R area at the root part of a countersunk head bolt, wherein the countersunk head bolt subjected to the rolling reinforcement is shown in figure 6. After the tool is debugged, firstly rolling 5 pieces to perform a fatigue test, and then producing in batches after the tool is qualified.

The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model.

It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The roll-pressing strengthening tool for the R area at the root part of the bolt is characterized by comprising a three-jaw chuck connecting plate (1) and a three-jaw self-centering clamping disc (2) fixed above the three-jaw self-centering clamping disc, wherein a plurality of roller seats (3) are uniformly arranged on the end surface of the three-jaw self-centering clamping disc (2) around the axis of the three-jaw self-centering clamping disc, and each roller seat (3) is provided with a roll-pressing unit (4);

the rolling unit (4) comprises a roller clamp (41), a pin shaft (42), a spring seat (43) and a roller (44), the roller clamp (41) is hinged in an inclined plane groove (31) formed in the upper end of a roller seat (3) through the pin shaft (42), the roller clamp (41) is positioned at one side end of the axle center of the three-jaw self-centering clamping plate (2) and is provided with the roller (44), the spring seat (43) is arranged between the pin shaft (42) and the roller (44), and the top of the spring seat (43) is in contact with the bottom surface of the roller clamp (41);

the plurality of rolling units (4) form an intersection opening (5) at the axle center of the three-jaw self-centering clamping standby disc (2), the intersection opening (5) is used for placing a bolt (6), downward acting force is applied by means of vertical machining equipment, the bolt (6) is driven to rotate, and then rolling strengthening is carried out on an R area at the root part of the bolt through a roller (44).

2. The roll strengthening tool for the R area at the root of the bolt according to claim 1, wherein the roll unit (4) further comprises an adjusting screw (45), the adjusting screw (45) is installed at one end, away from the roller (44), of the roller clamp (41), and the adjusting screw (45) is used for adjusting an included angle between the roller (44) and a horizontal plane.

3. The bolt root R-zone roll-compaction tool according to claim 1, wherein the spring seat (43) is vertically installed in the roller seat (3), the spring seat (43) comprises a sleeve (431), a spring (432) and a knock pin (433), the knock pin (433) is sleeved in a cavity of the sleeve (431), and the spring (432) is placed in the cavity and below the knock pin (433).

4. The roll-forming strengthening tool for the R area at the root of the bolt according to claim 1, wherein one end of the roller clamp (41) close to the axis of the three-jaw self-centering backup plate (2) is of a tilting structure, and the included angle between the tilting structure and the horizontal plane ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

5. The roll-pressing strengthening tool for the R area at the root of the bolt according to claim 4, wherein an Contraband-shaped opening is formed at one end, close to the axis of the three-jaw self-centering holding plate (2), of the roller clamp (41), the roller (44) is installed in the Contraband-shaped opening through a roller pin (441), and a first retaining ring (442) and a second retaining ring (443) are respectively arranged on the roller pin (441) and on two sides of the roller (44) and used for preventing the roller (44) from moving up and down along the roller pin (441).

6. The bolt root R area rolling strengthening tool according to claim 1, wherein the number of the roller seats (3) is three, each roller seat (3) is arranged right above a movable jaw of the three-jaw self-centering chuck plate (2) and used for adjusting the distance between three rollers (44) so as to strengthen the bolt root R areas with different specifications.

7. The roll strengthening tool for the R area at the root of the bolt according to claim 1, wherein the roll units (4) are three groups, and the central angles of every two adjacent groups of roll units (4) are 120 degrees.

8. The roll strengthening tool for the R area at the root of the bolt according to claim 1, wherein the roller (44) is made of hard alloy.

9. The roll strengthening tool for the R area at the root of the bolt according to claim 1, wherein the size of the roller (44) is set according to the specification of the bolt (6) to be strengthened.

10. The roll strengthening tool for the R area at the root of the bolt according to claim 1, wherein the vertical machining equipment is a bench drill or a vertical milling machine.