CN215384521U - Multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating pelvic posterior ring fracture dislocation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating posterior pelvic fracture dislocation, which comprises an iliac transverse fixation unit, at least one group of vertebral pedicle longitudinal fixation units and an adjustment unit, wherein the iliac transverse fixation unit is connected with the vertebral pedicle longitudinal fixation unit through the adjustment unit, the vertebral pedicle longitudinal fixation unit comprises a vertical rod, a vertebral pedicle universal screw penetrating through the vertical rod and a first jackscrew for fixing the vertical rod and the vertebral pedicle universal screw, the iliac transverse fixation unit comprises a cross rod, an iliac fixation screw penetrating through the cross rod and a third jackscrew for clamping the cross rod and the iliac fixation screw, the adjustment unit comprises a first adjustment screw and a second adjustment screw, the first adjustment screw is sleeved on the outer side of the vertical rod, and the second adjustment screw penetrates through the cross rod. The utility model has the advantages that the cross rod is arranged as the straight rod without bending, the exposure time of the wound surface is reduced, and the wound surface is small when entering the posterior ring of the pelvis of a human body.

Description

Multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating pelvic posterior ring fracture dislocation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fracture internal fixation devices, in particular to a multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating pelvic posterior ring fracture dislocation.

Background

The pelvis is a complete annular closed bone ring, and is an important structure for connecting the trunk and the lower limbs of a human body, the gravity from the trunk is transmitted to the two lower limbs, the stability of the pelvis is damaged, the standing and walking of the human body are influenced, and even the life is threatened, the intersection of the upper half body load bearing or the lower half body load bearing of the pelvis rear ring accounts for 70 percent of the whole pelvis load, and the pelvis rear ring is not only a necessary path for the bearing or the load of the human body, but also a main structure for maintaining the stability of the pelvis ring. There are several possibilities for injury to the posterior pelvic ring: any injury, such as iliac fracture, sacroiliac dislocation, sacral fracture, sacroiliac dislocation, etc., may cause complications, such as pelvic deformity, hip pain, lameness, etc., if effective treatment cannot be performed in time.

Publication No.: CN207666677U, patent name: an adjustable and stable pelvis posterior annulus fracture fixing device comprises a curved fixing plate, wherein the curved fixing plate comprises a first bending part and a second bending part, and the first bending part and the second bending part are connected through a connecting plate; first flexion and second flexion all include interconnect outer casing and inner casing, and the inner casing is connected with the connecting plate, set up a plurality of fixed orificess on the face of inner casing, can dismantle in the fixed orifices and set up the connection fastener. The existing means are generally bending through a long steel plate, but the fixing mode is complex in operation, large in exposed area, long in operation time and unstable in fixation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the problems and designs a multi-dimensional internal fixing device for treating fracture dislocation of a posterior pelvic ring, which comprises an iliac transverse fixing unit, at least one group of vertebral pedicle longitudinal fixing units and an adjusting unit, wherein the iliac transverse fixing unit is connected with the vertebral pedicle longitudinal fixing units through the adjusting unit.

Furthermore, the pedicle of vertebral arch longitudinal fixation unit comprises a vertical rod, a pedicle of vertebral arch universal screw penetrating through the vertical rod and a first jackscrew for fixing the vertical rod and the pedicle of vertebral arch universal screw.

Furthermore, the transverse iliac fixing unit comprises a cross rod, iliac fixing screws penetrating through the cross rod and a third jackscrew clamping the cross rod and the iliac fixing screws.

Further, the adjusting unit includes first adjusting screw and second adjusting screw, first adjusting screw cover is located the montant outside, second adjusting screw wears to locate on the horizontal pole, be equipped with the locating hole on the second adjusting screw, the regulation nail stick passes in proper order first adjusting screw with second adjusting screw, the regulation nail stick is followed the locating hole rotates.

Further, the second adjusting screw comprises a screw cap and a fourth jackscrew, a hollow cavity for accommodating the adjusting screw rod is arranged inside the screw cap, a ball body accommodated inside the hollow cavity is fixed at the top of the adjusting screw rod, and the fourth jackscrew is in threaded connection with the screw cap to clamp the adjusting screw rod.

Furthermore, be equipped with supplementary fixed unit between two sets of universal screws of pedicle of vertebral arch, supplementary fixed unit includes supplementary screw, supplementary screw lateral wall is offered and is used for the card to be in recess on the montant, the part that is equipped with the recess sets up relatively, wears to locate supplementary screw, the nail stick with the montant is crossing to be set up, threaded connection has the second jackscrew that is used for the nail stick chucking on the supplementary screw.

Further, a sacrum fixing unit is arranged on the cross rod in a penetrating mode.

Further, the sacrum fixation unit is a first sacrum universal screw threaded through the crossbar.

The multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating the fracture dislocation of the posterior pelvic ring manufactured by the technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the transverse iliac bone fixing unit is arranged on the iliac bone, the longitudinal pedicle fixing unit is arranged on the pedicle of vertebral arch, and the transverse rod and the longitudinal pedicle fixing unit are connected through the adjusting unit, wherein the transverse rod is a straight rod and does not need to be bent, so that the exposure time of a wound surface is reduced, and the wound surface is small when the transverse rod enters the posterior ring of the pelvis of a human body; the adjusting unit is connected with the transverse iliac fixing unit and the longitudinal pedicle fixing unit, so that the fixing stability is improved, and meanwhile, a second adjusting screw in the adjusting unit can rotate to realize slight position change among bones;

(2) the sacrum fixing unit is arranged at the cross rod, dislocation fixation at two positions can be realized by adopting one fixing device, and the fixing device has wide application range.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the use of the multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating posterior pelvic ring fracture dislocation according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal construction of a second set screw of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of an auxiliary fixing unit according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the connecting member and the steel plate according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the pedicle universal screw and the iliac fixation screw of the present invention;

in the figure, 1, an ilium transverse fixing unit; 2. a pedicle longitudinal fixation unit; 3. an adjustment unit; 4. a vertical rod; 5. pedicle universal screws; 6. a first jackscrew; 7. a cross bar; 8. iliac fixation screws; 9. a third jackscrew; 10. a first adjusting screw; 11. a second adjusting screw; 12. positioning holes; 13. adjusting the nail rod; 14. a nail cap; 15. a fourth jackscrew; 16. a hollow cavity; 17. a sphere; 18. the auxiliary fixing unit is used for fixing the nail rod; 19. an auxiliary screw; 20. a groove; 21. nailing a rod; 22. a sacral fixation unit; 23. a first sacral universal screw; 24. a connecting member; 25. a steel plate; 26. mounting holes; 27. a second sacral universal screw; 28. a threaded rod; 29. a nut; 30. a rotating body; 31. a rotation chamber; 32. tapping a tip; 33. a coarse tooth section; 34. a fine tooth segment; 35. a second jackscrew; .

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in which a multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating a posterior pelvic ring fracture dislocation is shown in fig. 1-5.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the pedicle longitudinal fixation units 2 are arranged in one group in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the fixing device comprises an iliac transverse fixing unit 1, a group of pedicle longitudinal fixing units 2 and an adjusting unit 3, wherein the iliac transverse fixing unit 1 and the pedicle longitudinal fixing units 2 are connected through the adjusting unit 3. When the posterior pelvic ring fracture dislocation fixation is performed, the transverse iliac bone fixing unit 1 and the longitudinal pedicle fixing unit 2 are connected through the adjusting unit 3, and the fixed position and strength are adjusted through the adjusting unit 3.

As shown in fig. 2, the transverse iliac fixing unit 1 comprises a cross rod 7, iliac fixing screws 8 penetrating the cross rod 7, and third jackscrews 9 clamping the cross rod 7 and the iliac fixing screws 8. The ilium fixing screws 8 are nailed into the anterior inferior iliac spine at the same side along the direction of the posterior superior iliac spine, and then the cross rod 7 is penetrated into the two ilium fixing screws 8, wherein the ilium fixing screws 8 are universal screws, and when the ilium fixing screws are nailed into a human body, the nailing angle can be adjusted according to requirements, and the position relation between the ilium fixing screws 8 and the cross rod 7 can be adjusted. When the prior art is used for fixing the ilium fracture, generally, an ilium fixing screw is firstly screwed on the ilium, then a steel plate is bent into a U shape by using special pliers to cover the pelvis, the bending degree of the steel plate needs to be continuously adjusted by adopting the mode so as to enable the steel plate to be adaptive to a human body, a large amount of time is consumed, the exposure time of a wound surface of the human body is long, and in the embodiment, the cross rod 7 is a straight rod. The wound surface is not required to be bent when in use, has good adaptability to the human body, and reduces the exposure time of the wound surface. In this embodiment, the cross bar 7 is a straight bar. The wound surface is not required to be bent when in use, has good adaptability to the human body, and reduces the exposure time of the wound surface. The third jackscrew 9 is connected with the ilium fixing screw 8 through threads and is propped against the cross rod 7, and the cross rod 7 and the ilium fixing screw 8 are locked.

As shown in fig. 2, the pedicle longitudinal fixation unit 2 includes a vertical rod 4, a pedicle universal screw 5 penetrating through the vertical rod 4, and a first jackscrew 6 for fixing the vertical rod 4 and the pedicle universal screw 5. The universal screw 5 of pedicle of vertebral arch is nailed in on the pedicle of vertebral arch to the afterbody of universal screw 5 of pedicle of vertebral arch can realize rotating, and then adjusts the position of montant 4 and the position relation between montant 4 and the horizontal pole 7, in order to strengthen fixed strength. First jackscrew 6 passes through threaded connection with pedicle of vertebral arch universal screw 5, locks pedicle of vertebral arch universal screw 5 and montant 4, as shown in fig. 2-3, regulating unit 3 includes first adjusting screw 10 and second adjusting screw 11, first adjusting screw 10 cover is located the montant 4 outside, second adjusting screw 11 wears to locate on the horizontal pole 7, be equipped with locating hole 12 on the second adjusting screw 11, adjusting screw stick 13 passes in proper order first adjusting screw 10 with second adjusting screw 11, adjusting screw stick 13 is followed locating hole 12 rotates. The second adjusting screw 11 comprises a screw cap 14 and a fourth jackscrew 15, a hollow cavity 16 for accommodating the adjusting screw rod 13 is arranged inside the screw cap 14, a sphere 17 accommodated inside the hollow cavity 16 is fixed at the top of the adjusting screw rod 2113, and the fourth jackscrew 15 is in threaded connection with the screw cap 14 to clamp the adjusting screw rod 13. If the iliac transverse fixing unit 1 alone or the pedicle longitudinal fixing unit 2 alone cannot achieve good fixing effect, the stability of the fixing device can be improved by combining the two through the adjusting unit 3, wherein the first adjusting screw 10 and the second adjusting screw 11 are connected through the adjusting screw rod 13, and the adjusting screw rod 13 can rotate along the second adjusting screw 11.

The specific operation steps are as follows:

the first step is as follows: after the bone canal is explored completely, tapping is carried out at the posterior superior iliac spine, and under the guidance of a Kirschner wire, the anterior inferior iliac spine is nailed with the iliac bone fixing screw 8 along the pointing direction of the posterior superior iliac spine, and the iliac bone fixing screw 8 is nailed at both sides of the posterior ring of the pelvis of the human body;

the second step is that: a second adjusting screw 11 with an adjusting nail rod 13 is arranged on the cross rod 7 in a penetrating mode, the cross rod 7 penetrates through the iliac fixing screws 8 on the two sides, and the position of the cross rod 7 is kept at the edges of the two sides of the iliac;

the third step: the universal screw 5 of the vertebral pedicle is nailed into the vertebral pedicle, and two universal screws 5 of the vertebral pedicle are nailed into the vertebral pedicle along the vertical direction;

the fourth step: wear to establish first adjusting screw 10 on montant 4, wear to establish montant 4 that has first adjusting screw 10 on pedicle of vertebral arch universal screw 5, further adjust horizontal pole 7 and montant 4 position on the space simultaneously, adjust the relative position between horizontal pole 7 and montant 4 through rotating the regulation nail stick 13 in second adjusting screw 11 is inside, install the gasket in the regulation intracavity of second adjusting screw 11 inside, come the distance of adjustment between horizontal pole 7 and the montant 4 with the tensioning degree between adjustment pedicle of vertebral arch and the ilium through the number that changes the mounting gasket.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 4-5, this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that at least two sets of the pedicle longitudinal fixation units 2 are provided. Be equipped with supplementary fixed unit between two sets of pedicle of vertebral arch universal screws 5, supplementary fixed unit includes supplementary screw 19, 19 lateral walls of supplementary screw are offered and are used for the card to be in recess 20 on the montant 4, and the part that is equipped with recess 20 sets up relatively, and excellent 21 of nailing wears to locate supplementary screw 19, excellent 21 of nailing with the criss-cross setting of montant 4, threaded connection has the second jackscrew 35 that is used for the chucking of excellent 21 of nailing on the supplementary screw 19. In order to further improve the stability, two vertical rods 4 are arranged, an auxiliary fixing unit is arranged between the two vertical rods 4, a groove 20 is formed in the side face of an auxiliary screw 19, the auxiliary screw 19 is installed on the vertical rod 4 through the groove 20 when the fixing device is used, the nail rod 21 penetrates through the two auxiliary screws 19, and finally the nail rod 21 is locked through a second jackscrew 35.

Example three:

as shown in fig. 6, this embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that if there is a sacral fracture in the patient and the sacral fracture is located near the upper part of the ilium, a sacral fixing unit 22 is inserted into the crossbar 7. The sacral fixation unit 22 is a first sacral universal screw 23 threaded through the crossbar 7. Wherein the first sacral universal screw is universally rotatable 23 and secured by a jackscrew. By adopting the scheme, the application range of the fixing device can be enlarged, and once a patient has the iliac bone and sacrum multi-azimuth fracture, a plurality of fixing devices are not needed, and the fixing device can be realized by only adopting one device.

As shown in fig. 7 to 8, if a sacral fracture is present in the patient and the sacral fracture is located at the lower portion of the sacrum, the sacral fixation unit 22 includes a connection member 24 inserted through the cross bar 7, the connection member 24 is fixed with a steel plate 25, the steel plate 25 is obliquely disposed along the cross bar 7 and the steel plate 25 is provided with a mounting hole 26 for mounting a second sacral fixation screw 27, and the second sacral fixation screws 27 are inserted through the mounting hole 26 and juxtaposed along the steel plate 25. Since the sacrum is in a convex state in space, the steel plate 25 and the cross rod 7 are obliquely arranged, so that the sacrum can adapt to fractures at different positions of the sacrum. The connecting member 24 includes a housing and a steel plate 25 disposed in the housing, wherein the steel plate 25 is received inside the connecting member 24 by a ball structure, and the other side of the steel plate 25 protrudes from the connecting member 24.

As shown in fig. 9, the pedicle universal screw 5 and the ilium fixing screw 8 have the same structure, and each of the pedicle universal screw and the ilium fixing screw includes a threaded rod 28 and a nut 29, a rotating body 30 is disposed at an end of the threaded rod 28, a rotating cavity 31 for accommodating the rotating body 30 is disposed on the nut 29, the threaded rod 28 includes a tapping tip 32, a coarse tooth section 33 and a fine tooth section 34 which are integrally formed, the diameter of the coarse tooth section 33 close to the tapping tip 32 is d1, the diameter of the fine tooth section 34 close to the tapping tip 32 is d2, and d3 between d1 and d2, and d1 < d3 < d 2. The external thread at the front end of the threaded shaft 28 has a tip diameter that gradually increases from the front end to the rear end to form a substantially conical structure to facilitate insertion of the screw during surgery. The thick tooth section 33 is convenient for the screw to be rotated, and the thin tooth section is used for entering the human skeleton to be fixed.

The specific operation steps are as follows:

the first step is as follows: after the bone canal is explored completely, tapping is carried out at the posterior superior iliac spine, and under the guidance of a Kirschner wire, the anterior inferior iliac spine is nailed with the iliac bone fixing screw 8 along the pointing direction of the posterior superior iliac spine, and the iliac bone fixing screw 8 is nailed at both sides of the posterior ring of the pelvis of the human body;

the second step is that: a second adjusting screw 11 with an adjusting nail rod 13 is arranged on the cross rod 7 in a penetrating mode, the cross rod 7 penetrates through the iliac fixing screws 8 on the two sides, and the position of the cross rod 7 is kept at the edges of the two sides of the iliac;

the third step: the universal screw 5 of the vertebral pedicle is provided with two groups, and two vertical rods 4 and two groups of adjusting units 3 are arranged correspondingly to the universal screw to strengthen the fixing degree between the vertebral pedicle and the ilium.

The fourth step: wear to establish first adjusting screw 10 on the montant, wear to establish montant 4 that has first adjusting screw 10 on the universal screw of pedicle of vertebral arch, further adjust horizontal pole 7 and montant 4 position on the space simultaneously, adjust the relative position between horizontal pole 7 and the montant through rotating adjusting screw stick 13 in second adjusting screw 11 is inside, install the gasket in the cavity 16 of second adjusting screw 11 inside, come the distance of adjustment between horizontal pole 7 and the montant 4 with the tensioning degree between adjustment pedicle of vertebral arch and the ilium through the number that changes the mounting gasket.

The fifth step: auxiliary screws 19 are arranged on the two opposite vertical rods 4, grooves 20 on the auxiliary screws 19 are inserted into the vertical rods 4, nail rods 21 penetrate between the auxiliary screws 19, and jackscrews are connected to the auxiliary screws 19 in a threaded mode to lock the vertical rods 4, the nail rods 21 and the auxiliary screws 19.

And a sixth step: according to the sacrum fracture position, the sacrum universal screw is driven in;

the technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating posterior pelvic ring fracture dislocation is characterized by comprising an iliac transverse fixation unit (1), at least one group of vertebral pedicle longitudinal fixation units (2) and an adjusting unit (3), wherein the iliac transverse fixation unit (1) is connected with the vertebral pedicle longitudinal fixation units (2) through the adjusting unit (3).

2. The multi-dimensional internal fixation device for the treatment of posterior pelvic fracture dislocation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pedicle longitudinal fixation unit (2) comprises a vertical rod (4), a pedicle universal screw (5) penetrating the vertical rod (4), and a first jackscrew (6) for fixing the vertical rod (4) and the pedicle universal screw (5).

3. The multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating posterior pelvic ring fracture dislocation according to claim 2, wherein the iliac transverse fixation unit (1) comprises a cross rod (7), iliac fixation screws (8) penetrating the cross rod (7), and a third top thread (9) clamping the cross rod (7) and the iliac fixation screws (8).

4. The multidimensional internal fixation device for treating the posterior pelvic fracture dislocation according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting unit (3) comprises a first adjusting screw (10) and a second adjusting screw (11), the first adjusting screw (10) is sleeved on the outer side of the vertical rod (4), the second adjusting screw (11) is arranged on the cross rod (7) in a penetrating manner, a positioning hole (12) is formed in the second adjusting screw (11), an adjusting screw rod (13) sequentially penetrates through the first adjusting screw (10) and the second adjusting screw (11), and the adjusting screw rod (13) rotates along the positioning hole (12).

5. The multi-dimensional internal fixation device for treating posterior pelvic fracture dislocation according to claim 4, wherein the second adjusting screw (11) comprises a screw cap (14) and a fourth jackscrew (15), a hollow cavity (16) for accommodating the adjusting screw rod (13) is arranged inside the screw cap (14), a ball (17) accommodated inside the hollow cavity (16) is fixed on the top of the adjusting screw rod (13), and the fourth jackscrew (15) is in threaded connection with the screw cap (14) for clamping the adjusting screw rod (13).

6. The multidimensional internal fixation device for treating the posterior pelvic fracture dislocation according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein an auxiliary fixation unit is arranged between two groups of the pedicle universal screws (5), the auxiliary fixation unit comprises an auxiliary screw (19), a groove (20) for being clamped on the vertical rod (4) is formed in the side wall of the auxiliary screw (19), the part provided with the groove (20) is oppositely arranged and penetrates through the auxiliary screw (19), the nail rod (21) and the vertical rod (4) are arranged in an intersecting manner, and a second jackscrew (35) for clamping the nail rod (21) is in threaded connection with the auxiliary screw (19).

7. The multi-dimensional internal fixation device for the treatment of posterior pelvic ring fracture dislocation according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross bar (7) is pierced with sacral fixation units (22).

8. The multi-dimensional internal fixation device for the treatment of posterior pelvic ring fracture dislocation according to claim 7, characterized in that the sacral fixation unit (22) is a first sacral universal screw (23) threaded on the cross bar (7).

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