CN215356203U - Main shaft mechanism of numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Main shaft mechanism of numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN215356203U CN215356203U CN202120645905.XU CN202120645905U CN215356203U CN 215356203 U CN215356203 U CN 215356203U CN 202120645905 U CN202120645905 U CN 202120645905U CN 215356203 U CN215356203 U CN 215356203U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a main shaft mechanism of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a frame, a main shaft sleeve and a main shaft body, wherein the main shaft sleeve is arranged on the frame, and the main shaft body is arranged in the main shaft sleeve and extends to two sides of the main shaft sleeve; the two ends of the main shaft body are both in a conical structure, one end of the main shaft body is provided with a main shaft belt wheel matched with the main shaft body in structure, the other end of the main shaft body is provided with a chuck matched with the main shaft body in structure, and the chuck is provided with a clamping jaw; still include first drive arrangement and be used for the drive the jack catch carries out the chucking and loosens the second drive arrangement, first drive arrangement pass through hold-in range A with the main shaft pulley is connected, the second drive arrangement is connected and is located on the one end tip of main shaft body. According to the utility model, through the structural improvement of the main shaft body, the main shaft belt wheel and the chuck, the processing noise of the main shaft mechanism is reduced, and the processing precision and the processing quality of the numerical control machine tool are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of numerical control machines, in particular to a spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine.
Background
With the rapid development of social production and scientific technology, the performance and quality of mechanical products are continuously improved, and the updating of the products is also continuously accelerated. Therefore, not only is high precision and productivity required for the machine frame, but also the need for production should be quickly adapted to the change of the product parts, which has prompted the creation of numerically controlled machine tools. A lathe is a machine frame that mainly uses a turning tool to turn a rotating workpiece. The lathe can also be used for corresponding processing by using a drill bit, a reamer, a screw tap, a die, a knurling tool and the like.
The numerical control machine tool is an automatic machine frame with high precision and high efficiency. The multi-station tool turret or the power tool turret is equipped, so that the rack has wide processing technological performance, can process complex workpieces such as linear cylinders, oblique line cylinders, circular arcs and various threads, grooves, worms and the like, has various compensation functions of linear interpolation and circular arc interpolation, and plays a good economic effect in the batch production of complex parts.
The application of the numerical control technology not only brings revolutionary changes to the traditional manufacturing industry to enable the manufacturing industry to become an industrialized symbol, but also plays an increasingly important role in the development of some important industries of the national civilians with the continuous development of the numerical control technology and the expansion of the application field, because the digitalization of equipment required by the industries is a great trend of modern development.
Generally speaking, be equipped with main shaft, main shaft pulley and be used for the chuck of fixed work piece on the digit control machine tool, the main shaft of digit control machine tool in the existing market all adopts straight face clearance fit's mode to be connected with the main shaft pulley basically, and this kind of straight face clearance fit makes the clearance increase easily in the case of heavily loaded and operating time of a specified duration, and under the high rotational speed operation of frame, the main shaft external member can produce vibration and noise, has influenced the stability of main shaft precision to digit control machine tool processingquality has been influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model mainly aims to provide a spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool, aiming at solving the problem that under the conditions of heavy load and long working time of the numerical control machine tool, a spindle body and a spindle sleeve on the machine tool are easy to have larger gaps, so that vibration and noise are generated, and the processing precision and the processing quality of the spindle mechanism are influenced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool, including a frame, a spindle sleeve and a spindle body, wherein the spindle sleeve is disposed on the frame, and the spindle body is disposed in the spindle sleeve and extends to two sides of the spindle sleeve; the two ends of the main shaft body are both in a conical structure, one end of the main shaft body is provided with a main shaft belt wheel matched with the main shaft body in structure, the other end of the main shaft body is provided with a chuck matched with the main shaft body in structure, and the chuck is provided with a clamping jaw; still include first drive arrangement and be used for the drive the jack catch carries out the chucking and loosens the second drive arrangement, first drive arrangement pass through hold-in range A with the main shaft pulley is connected, the second drive arrangement is connected and is located on the one end tip of main shaft body.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: the other end of the main shaft body is provided with a mounting table, and the chuck is arranged on the mounting table.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: the mount table includes first installation department, first installation department is the toper structure, the bottom middle part indent of chuck be equipped with the mounting groove that first installation department matches, first installation department with the mounting groove interference is connected.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: the mounting table comprises a second mounting part, the second mounting part is located on the lower side of the first mounting part, and mounting holes matched with each other are formed in the chuck.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: and the second mounting part and the bottom of the chuck are provided with a positioning column and a positioning groove which are matched with each other.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: the mount table includes the third installation department, the third installation department is in second installation department downside, it is equipped with the protection casing to connect on the third installation department.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: still include main shaft encoder, first main shaft synchronizing wheel and second main shaft synchronizing wheel, first main shaft synchronizing wheel is located on the main shaft sleeve, main shaft encoder and second main shaft synchronizing wheel are located in the frame, first main shaft synchronizing wheel pass through hold-in range B with the second main shaft synchronizing wheel is connected, main shaft encoder with the second main shaft synchronizing wheel is connected.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: the main shaft belt wheel is in key connection with the main shaft body; the spindle comprises a spindle body and is characterized by further comprising a locking nut used for preventing the spindle belt wheel from moving in the axial direction of the spindle body, and the locking nut is in threaded connection with one end of the spindle body.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: the second driving device is a driving oil cylinder, an oil cylinder flange is arranged on the side portion of the driving oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder flange is fixedly connected with the main shaft belt wheel through bolts.
One of the preferable technical schemes of the main shaft mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is as follows: the driving oil cylinder comprises a piston and a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the piston, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with a connecting piece; the chuck is internally provided with a first sliding block and a second sliding block which are matched with each other, the first sliding block and the second sliding block are provided with inclined plane parts which are matched with each other, the connecting piece is connected with the first sliding block, and the second sliding block is connected with the clamping jaw.
The spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool has the following beneficial effects: the spindle mechanism is reasonable and compact in structural design, and the spindle body and a sleeve thereof are stable and can greatly reduce noise under the high-speed rotation of the spindle body; according to the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool, the spindle body, the spindle belt wheel and the chuck are structurally improved, so that the machining noise of the spindle mechanism is reduced, and the machining precision and the machining quality of the numerical control machine tool are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spindle mechanism of a numerically controlled machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a spindle mechanism of a numerically controlled machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a spindle body of an embodiment of a spindle mechanism of a numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the main shaft body of the main shaft mechanism of the NC machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numbers illustrate:
10-a frame;
20-a spindle sleeve;
30-a main shaft body, 31-a mounting table, 32-a first mounting part, 33-a second mounting part, 34-a mounting hole, 35-a positioning groove and 36-a third mounting part;
40-chuck, 41-jaws;
50-a first drive;
60-second drive means, 61-connecting rod;
70-a main shaft pulley;
80-a spindle encoder, 81-a first spindle synchronizing wheel, 82-a second spindle synchronizing wheel;
90-protective cover.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "mounted to" another element, it can be directly mounted to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Furthermore, it should be understood that all directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, middle … …) in the embodiments are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed correspondingly; the terms "first," "second," and the like are used herein to distinguish one structural element from another. These terms are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
The embodiment discloses a main shaft mechanism of a numerical control machine tool, and aims to solve the problem that a gap between a main shaft body and a main shaft sleeve on the machine tool is easily enlarged under the conditions of heavy load and long working time, so that vibration and noise are generated, and the machining precision and the machining quality of the main shaft mechanism are influenced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool in this embodiment is mainly used for clamping a processing component to rotate, and matching with a processing tool on the numerical control machine tool, so as to process the processing component, and includes a frame 10, a spindle sleeve 20 and a spindle body 30, where the spindle sleeve 20 is disposed on the frame 10, the spindle body 30 is disposed in the spindle sleeve 20 and extends to two sides of the spindle sleeve 20, and the spindle sleeve 20 is fixedly mounted on the frame 10 in this embodiment, and specifically, may be fixed on the frame 10 through a fixing frame, a fixing plate, or through a fixing flange; the main shaft body 30 is arranged on the main shaft sleeve 20 through a bearing assembly, the bearing assembly comprises a double-row cylindrical roller bearing and a thrust angular contact ball shaft, the radial precision of the main shaft body 30 is centered through the double-row cylindrical roller bearings at the upper end and the lower end, the axial precision of the main shaft body 30 is realized through a thrust angular contact ball bearing in the middle, and the radial precision, the axial precision and the bearing capacity of the main shaft body 30 are realized through the bearing assembly structure.
In this embodiment, both ends of the spindle body 30 are tapered structures, one end of the spindle body 30 is provided with a spindle pulley 70 structurally matched with the spindle body 30, and the other end of the spindle body 30 is provided with a chuck 40 structurally matched with the spindle body 30, that is, the spindle pulley 70, the chuck 40 and the spindle body 30 are connected in a tapered surface positioning and interference connection manner, so that the connection between the spindle body 30 and the spindle pulley 70, the chuck 40 is more compact and reasonable, and under the high-speed rotation of the spindle body 30, the spindle body 30 and a kit thereof are stable and can greatly reduce noise; in the structure of the embodiment, a conical surface connection mode is adopted, in actual operation, a connection conical surface of the spindle belt wheel 70 and the chuck 40 is firstly processed, and after the concrete structure of the conical surface is mapped, the connection conical surface of the spindle body 30 is processed to ensure that the contact surface is more than 80 percent, so that the high precision and high rotating speed of the spindle are realized; in the improved spindle structure, a 1:12 conical surface connection mode is adopted between the spindle body 30 and the spindle belt pulley 70. After the actual machining size of the main shaft belt wheel 70 is measured, the conical surface of the main shaft body 30 is machined, the conical surface is inspected according to a painting method, the contact surface is uniform, and the contact ratio of the actual contact length to the working length is not lower than 80%; so as to realize high precision and high rotating speed of the main shaft. In the preferred embodiment, the radial accuracy of the main shaft body 30 is centered by the double-row cylindrical roller bearings at the upper and lower ends, and the main shaft body 30 can be in conical surface contact, and the main shaft accuracy is adjusted by adjusting the radial clearance, the axial accuracy of the main shaft body 30 is realized by the intermediate angular contact thrust ball bearing, and the conical surface is processed by means of matched grinding.
In this embodiment, the chuck 40 is provided with a jaw 41, and further includes a first driving device 50 and a second driving device 60 for driving the jaw 41 to perform clamping and releasing, the first driving device 50 is connected to the spindle pulley 70 through a synchronous belt a, and the second driving device 60 is connected to the end of the spindle body 30.
In this embodiment, the jaws 41 on the chuck 40 are driven by the second driving device 60 to clamp a workpiece to be machined, the jaws 41 on the chuck 40 are three jaws 41 or four jaws 41, preferably, the chuck 40 is a three-jaw self-centering chuck 40, the spindle body 30 and the chuck 40 arranged at the other end of the spindle body 30 are driven by the first driving device 50 to rotate, the second driving device 60 can rotate along with the spindle body during rotation, and the workpiece clamped on the chuck 40 is machined by a machining tool on a numerical control machine; in this embodiment, the first driving motor is a spindle motor, the output of the spindle motor is connected to the spindle pulley 70 through a synchronous belt a, the synchronous belt a is a narrow V-belt, that is, the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool of this embodiment transmits power through the coupled narrow V-belt and the spindle pulley 70, so that the spindle body 30 holds a workpiece and rotates to process the workpiece.
One of the preferable technical solutions of the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool in this embodiment is: the other end of the main shaft body 30 is provided with an installation table 31, and the chuck 40 is arranged on the installation table 31; further, the mounting table 31 includes a first mounting portion 32, the first mounting portion 32 is of a conical structure, a mounting groove matched with the first mounting portion 32 is concavely formed in the middle of the bottom end of the chuck 40, the first mounting portion 32 is in interference connection with the mounting groove, and then the chuck 40 is in conical surface positioning connection with the main shaft body 30; further, in this embodiment, the mounting table 31 includes a second mounting portion 33, the second mounting portion 33 is located at a lower side of the first mounting portion 32, mounting holes 34 matched with each other are formed in the second mounting portion 33 and the chuck 40, that is, after the chuck 40 and the spindle body 30 are connected in a conical surface positioning manner, the mounting holes 34 in this embodiment are threaded mounting holes 34, the second mounting portion 33 and the mounting holes 34 in the chuck 40 are connected by bolts, and then the chuck 40 is fixed on the spindle body 30; this embodiment is preferred, second installation portion 33 and chuck 40 bottom are equipped with reference column and constant head tank 35 that matches each other, when the reference column sets up on second installation portion 33, then chuck 40 bottom sets up the constant head tank 35 that matches with the reference column, when the reference column sets up chuck 40 bottom, then set up the constant head tank 35 that matches with the reference column on the second installation portion 33, reference column and constant head tank 35 have multiple functions, it is more stable if being connected between chuck 40 and the main shaft body 30, also can make second installation portion 33 align with mounting hole 34 on the chuck 40, be convenient for the bolt is connected.
One of the preferable technical solutions of the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool in this embodiment is: the mounting table 31 comprises a third mounting part 36, the third mounting part 36 is positioned at the lower side of the second mounting part 33, a protective cover 90 is connected to the third mounting part 36, and the protective cover 90 can be in screw connection with the third mounting part 36; specifically, the protective cover 90 is used for preventing scraps or liquid from splashing to other structures when the chuck 40 clamps a workpiece, and in this embodiment, after the protective cover 90 is mounted on the third mounting portion 36, the chuck 40 is mounted; the main shaft body 30 is preferably integrally formed, and the taper surface on the main shaft body 30 is machined after the actual machining dimension of the mounting grooves at the bottom ends of the main shaft pulley and the chuck 40 is measured.
One of the preferable technical solutions of the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool in this embodiment is: the spindle device is characterized by further comprising a spindle encoder 80, a first spindle synchronizing wheel 81 and a second spindle synchronizing wheel 82, wherein the first spindle synchronizing wheel 81 is arranged on the spindle sleeve 20, the spindle encoder 80 and the second spindle synchronizing wheel 82 are arranged on the frame 10, the first spindle synchronizing wheel 81 is connected with the second spindle synchronizing wheel 82 through a synchronous belt B, and the spindle encoder 80 is connected with the second spindle synchronizing wheel 82; it can be understood that, in the present embodiment, the first main shaft synchronizing wheel 81 is connected with the main shaft body 30 by a key, and the second main shaft synchronizing wheel 82 is connected with the rotating shaft portion of the main shaft encoder 80 by a flat key; the spindle encoder 80 is provided to enable the spindle body 30 to rotate at a constant speed.
One of the preferable technical solutions of the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool in this embodiment is: the main shaft pulley 70 is keyed with the main shaft body 30, which can be used to transmit torque; further, a lock nut for preventing the spindle pulley 70 from moving in the axial direction of the spindle body 30 is further included, the lock nut is in threaded connection with one end of the spindle body 30, in this embodiment, since one end of the spindle body 30 is a conical structure, in order to prevent the spindle pulley 70 disposed on one end of the spindle body 30 from falling off, the lock nut is preferably disposed on one end of the spindle body 30, that is: after the conical surface is adopted for positioning between the shaft belt wheel and the main shaft body 30, the end nut locking structure is adopted, the installation is simple and convenient, and the torque is transmitted through the positioning keys on two sides, so that the main shaft body 30 is driven to rotate.
One of the preferable technical solutions of the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool in this embodiment is: the second driving device 60 is a driving oil cylinder, an oil cylinder flange is arranged on the side of the driving oil cylinder, the oil cylinder flange is fixedly connected with the main shaft belt wheel 70 through a bolt, and the driving oil cylinder is fixed on the main shaft body 30.
One of the preferable technical solutions of the spindle mechanism of the numerical control machine tool in this embodiment is: the driving oil cylinder comprises a piston and a connecting rod 61, one end of the connecting rod 61 is connected with the piston, the other end of the connecting rod 61 is connected with a connecting piece, a first sliding block and a second sliding block which are matched with each other are arranged in the chuck 40, inclined plane parts which are matched with each other are arranged on the first sliding block and the second sliding block, the connecting piece is connected with the first sliding block, and the second sliding block is connected with the clamping jaw 41; one of the schemes may be that the piston moves back and forth in the driving cylinder to drive the connecting rod 61 to move back and forth, when the driving cylinder drives the piston to move forward, the first slider slides forward, because the first slider and the second slider are provided with the inclined plane portions matched with each other, under the action of the inclined plane portions, the second slider moves backward to drive the jaws 41 on the chuck 40 to move, at this time, the jaws 41 are opened to place the workpiece, and similarly, when the driving cylinder drives the piston to move backward, the first slider slides backward, the second slider moves forward to drive the jaws 41 on the chuck 40 to move, at this time, the jaws 41 are clamped to fix the workpiece.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the technical solutions of the present invention, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool comprises a frame (10), a spindle sleeve (20) and a spindle body (30), wherein the spindle sleeve (20) is arranged on the frame (10), and the spindle body (30) is arranged in the spindle sleeve (20) and extends to two sides of the spindle sleeve (20); the method is characterized in that: both ends of the main shaft body (30) are of a conical structure, one end of the main shaft body (30) is provided with a main shaft belt wheel (70) which is structurally matched with the main shaft body (30), the other end of the main shaft body (30) is provided with a chuck (40) which is structurally matched with the main shaft body (30), and the chuck (40) is provided with a clamping jaw (41); still include first drive arrangement (50) and be used for the drive jack catch (41) carry out chucking and the second drive arrangement (60) of relaxing, first drive arrangement (50) through hold-in range A with main shaft belt pulley (70) are connected, second drive arrangement (60) are connected and are located on the one end tip of main shaft body (30).
2. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the other end of the main shaft body (30) is provided with an installation table (31), and the chuck (40) is arranged on the installation table (31).
3. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: installation platform (31) include first installation department (32), first installation department (32) are the toper structure, the bottom middle part indent of chuck (40) be equipped with the mounting groove that first installation department (32) match, first installation department (32) with the mounting groove interference is connected.
4. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mounting table (31) comprises a second mounting part (33), the second mounting part (33) is located on the lower side of the first mounting part (32), and mounting holes (34) which are matched with each other are formed in the second mounting part (33) and the chuck (40).
5. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: and the bottom of the second mounting part (33) and the bottom of the chuck (40) are provided with a positioning column and a positioning groove (35) which are matched with each other.
6. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: the mounting table (31) comprises a third mounting part (36), the third mounting part (36) is located on the lower side of the second mounting part (33), and a protective cover (90) is connected to the third mounting part (36).
7. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include main shaft encoder (80), first main shaft synchronizing wheel (81) and second main shaft synchronizing wheel (82), first main shaft synchronizing wheel (81) are located on main shaft sleeve (20), main shaft encoder (80) and second main shaft synchronizing wheel (82) are located on frame (10), first main shaft synchronizing wheel (81) pass through hold-in range B with second main shaft synchronizing wheel (82) are connected, main shaft encoder (80) with second main shaft synchronizing wheel (82) are connected.
8. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 7, wherein: the main shaft belt wheel (70) is connected with the main shaft body (30) in a key mode; the spindle comprises a spindle body (30) and is characterized by further comprising a lock nut used for preventing the spindle belt wheel (70) from moving in the axial direction of the spindle body (30), and the lock nut is in threaded connection with one end of the spindle body (30).
9. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 8, wherein: the second driving device (60) is a driving oil cylinder, an oil cylinder flange is arranged on the side portion of the driving oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder flange is fixedly connected with the main shaft belt wheel (70) through bolts.
10. The spindle mechanism of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: the driving oil cylinder comprises a piston and a connecting rod (61), one end of the connecting rod (61) is connected with the piston, and the other end of the connecting rod (61) is connected with a connecting piece; be equipped with first slider and the second slider of mutually supporting in chuck (40), be equipped with the inclined plane portion that matches each other on first slider and the second slider, the connecting piece with first slider is connected, the second slider with jack catch (41) are connected.
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CN202120645905.XU CN215356203U (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Main shaft mechanism of numerical control machine tool |
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CN202120645905.XU CN215356203U (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Main shaft mechanism of numerical control machine tool |
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- 2021-03-30 CN CN202120645905.XU patent/CN215356203U/en active Active
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