CN215342964U

CN215342964U - Antenna, vehicle glass panel assembly and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN215342964U
Application number: CN202120367858.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方紫薇; 封西亚; 赵维兵
Original assignee: Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-08
Filing date: 2021-02-08
Publication date: 2021-12-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-08

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna, vehicle glass board subassembly and vehicle, the antenna is used for setting up on the glass board, the antenna includes radiating element and tuning unit, the holding tank has been seted up to the tuning unit to and be located a plurality of gaps of holding tank both sides, the radiating element holding is at the holding tank, and have the spacing distance with the tuning unit, the electromagnetic wave of radiating element radiation at least part produces the coupling on the tuning unit, and outwards radiate through a plurality of gaps, so that the electromagnetic wave of antenna radiation is located preset frequency channel. Through set up holding tank and gap on the tuning unit, the radiating element holding is in the holding tank, through carrying out rational design to holding tank and gap, is favorable to improving the radiation characteristic and the impedance characteristic of antenna, improves the communication quality of antenna, makes the electromagnetic wave of antenna radiation be located predetermineeing the frequency channel. Meanwhile, the antenna is directly arranged on the glass plate, so that the profile of the antenna is low, and the concealment is high.

Description

Antenna, vehicle glass panel assembly and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to an antenna, a vehicle glass plate assembly and a vehicle.

Background

With the improvement of the living standard of people, people have further requirements on the convenience and intelligence of vehicles. The concept of internet of vehicles is widely known in a new round of automobile leather. In order to meet market demands, various manufacturers have integrated functions such as on-board television, teleconferencing, wireless remote control, automatic driving, etc. into an on-board system. People and machines can interact, so that the intelligent degree of the automobile is higher. The premise for realizing the function is to provide a full-band transceiver and an antenna system with good performance.

In the antenna system commonly found in the market at present, taking a 5G antenna as an example, the structure mainly adopts a planar printing type or metal elastic sheet type monopole antenna, and the monopole antenna is reasonably arranged in an antenna box according to the space size requirement. Influenced by space size, the coupling between the antennas is stronger, and communication quality is poor, and the antenna is installed in the antenna box, and its disguise is poor, influences vehicle's aesthetic property.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an antenna, a vehicle glass plate assembly and a vehicle, which have the characteristics of high communication quality, low antenna profile and high concealment.

In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides the following technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides an antenna, where the antenna is configured to be disposed on a glass plate, the antenna includes a radiation unit and a tuning unit, the tuning unit is provided with an accommodating groove and a plurality of slits located at two sides of the accommodating groove, the radiation unit is accommodated in the accommodating groove and has a distance from the tuning unit, and electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation unit are at least partially coupled to the tuning unit and are radiated outward through the plurality of slits, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna are located in a preset frequency band.

Through set up holding tank and gap on the tuning unit, the radiating element holding is in the holding tank, through carrying out rational design to holding tank and gap, is favorable to improving the radiation characteristic and the impedance characteristic of antenna, improves the communication quality of antenna, makes the electromagnetic wave of antenna radiation be located predetermineeing the frequency channel. Meanwhile, the antenna is directly arranged on the glass plate, so that the profile of the antenna is low, and the concealment is high.

In one embodiment, the slits include a plurality of first slits, the plurality of first slits are symmetrically disposed along a first axis and a second axis, the first axis and the second axis are perpendicular, and the first axis is the same as the extending direction of the accommodating groove.

In one embodiment, the first slit includes a first sub-slit, a second sub-slit, a third sub-slit and a fourth sub-slit, which are connected in sequence, the first sub-slit and the third sub-slit extend along a first direction, the second sub-slit and the fourth sub-slit extend along a second direction, the first direction is parallel to the first axis, and the second direction is parallel to the second axis.

In one embodiment, the receiving groove is a rectangular groove, and one end of the receiving groove penetrates through the tuning unit.

In one embodiment, the gap further includes 2 second gaps, 2 the second gaps are symmetrically arranged relative to the first axis, and 2 the second gaps are communicated with the accommodating groove.

In one embodiment, the second gap includes a fifth sub-gap and a sixth sub-gap that are connected in sequence, the fifth sub-gap extends along the first direction, the sixth sub-gap extends along the second direction, the fifth sub-gap and the sixth sub-gap are entirely in a zigzag shape, and the sixth sub-gap is communicated with the accommodating groove.

In one embodiment, the radiating element comprises a plurality of rectangular sub-radiating elements extending along the first direction, and the widths of the sub-radiating elements are different.

In one embodiment, the antenna further includes a feeding microstrip line, where the feeding microstrip line is connected to the radiating unit, and the feeding microstrip line is configured to feed an electrical signal with a preset frequency.

In one embodiment, the antenna further comprises a flexible substrate, and the radiating element and the tuning element are both formed on the flexible substrate, and the flexible substrate is configured to be disposed on the glass plate.

In one embodiment, the antenna further comprises a protective cover disposed on the glass plate, the protective cover covering the radiating element and the tuning element.

In one embodiment, when the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is less than or equal to-10 dB, the predetermined frequency band is between 2.515GHz and 2.675 GHz.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle glazing panel assembly comprising a glass panel and an antenna according to any of the embodiments of the first aspect, the antenna being provided on a surface of the glass panel. The antenna provided by the utility model is added into the vehicle glass plate component, so that the vehicle glass plate component has higher communication quality, and the antenna is directly arranged on the glass plate, so that the profile is low, the concealment is high, and the vehicle glass plate component is more attractive.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a housing and a vehicle glazing assembly according to an embodiment of the second aspect mounted on the housing. By adopting the vehicle glass plate assembly provided by the utility model in a vehicle, the communication quality of a communication system of the vehicle is higher, and the appearance is more attractive.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of an antenna structure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle glazing assembly according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle glazing panel assembly of an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a vehicle glazing panel assembly;

FIG. 5 is an exemplary analysis of the operating frequency band of an antenna;

fig. 6 is a far field test diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides an antenna 100, the antenna 100 is configured to be disposed on a glass plate 200, the antenna 100 includes a radiation unit 110 and a tuning unit 120, the tuning unit 120 is provided with an accommodating groove 121 and a plurality of slits 122 located at two sides of the accommodating groove 121, the radiation unit 110 is accommodated in the accommodating groove 121 and has a distance from the tuning unit 120, at least a portion of electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation unit 110 are coupled to the tuning unit 120 and are radiated outward through the plurality of slits 122, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna 100 are located in a predetermined frequency band. Specifically, the antenna 100 may be directly printed on the surface of the glass plate 200 or may be disposed on the glass plate 200 by gluing. The tuning unit 120 is a metal layer structure, and preferably, a metal coating may be printed on the glass plate 200 using a silver paste, and then the accommodating groove 121, the plurality of slits 122 and the radiating unit 110 are etched by a patterning process using a laser etching process, the radiating unit 110 is accommodated in the accommodating groove 121 to radiate electromagnetic waves to an external space, the plurality of slits 122 are disposed around the accommodating groove 121 and the radiating unit 110, and the plurality of slits 122 extend along a predetermined path to improve the electromagnetic waves, so as to form the antenna 100 capable of radiating electromagnetic waves of a predetermined frequency band. In this embodiment, when the impedance bandwidth of the antenna 100 is less than or equal to-10 dB, the predetermined frequency band is between 2.515GHz and 2.675 GHz. It is understood that in other embodiments, the tuning unit 120 may also be a metal layer made of other low-loss materials such as gold and copper, and the receiving groove 121, the slit 122 and the radiation unit 110 may also be formed by using methods such as chemical etching and ion etching, which are not limited herein.

Through seting up holding tank 121 and gap 122 on tuning unit 120, radiating element 110 holds in holding tank 121 and has the interval distance with tuning unit 120, through carrying out rational design to holding tank 121 and gap 122, is favorable to improving the radiation characteristic and the impedance characteristic of antenna 100, improves the communication quality of antenna 100, makes the electromagnetic wave of antenna 100 radiation be located and predetermines the frequency channel. Meanwhile, the structure in which the antenna 100 is directly disposed on the glass plate 200 makes the antenna 100 low in profile and high in concealment.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the slit 122 includes a plurality of first slits 1221, the plurality of first slits 1221 are symmetrically disposed along a first axis a and a second axis B, the first axis a is perpendicular to the second axis B, and the first axis a is the same as the extending direction of the accommodating groove 121. Specifically, the first axis a is a symmetry axis of the tuning unit 120 along a first direction X, and the second axis B is a symmetry axis of the tuning unit 120 along a second direction Y, where the first direction X is parallel to the first axis a and the second direction Y is parallel to the second axis B. In this embodiment, the number of the first slits 1221 is 4, and the first slits 1221 are symmetrically disposed around the accommodating groove 121. When the radiation unit 110 accommodated in the accommodation groove 121 radiates electromagnetic waves to an external space, the four first slits 1221 symmetrically disposed perform impedance matching adjustment on the electromagnetic waves within a certain frequency band, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 100.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the first slit 1221 includes a first sub-slit 122a, a second sub-slit 122b, a third sub-slit 122c, and a fourth sub-slit 122d connected in sequence, the first sub-slit 122a and the third sub-slit 122c extend along the first direction X, and the second sub-slit 122b and the fourth sub-slit 122d extend along the second direction Y. The first slot 1221 is formed by sequentially connecting the first sub-slot 122a, the second sub-slot 122b, the third sub-slot 122c and the fourth sub-slot 122d by using a bending technique, and adjacent sub-slots extend in different directions to form a zigzag current path, so that the equivalent length of the first slot 1221 is ensured to be small, and meanwhile, the current path is extended, which is equivalent to introducing a cascade inductor into an equivalent circuit of the antenna 100, so that the resonant frequency is low, and the size of the antenna 100 is reduced, and meanwhile, the frequency characteristic is improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the length D1 of the first sub-slot 122a is 4.3 ± 0.2mm, that is, the length D1 of the first sub-slot 122a may be 4.1mm to 4.5mm, the length D2 of the second sub-slot 122b is 7.2 ± 0.2mm, that is, the length D2 of the second sub-slot 122b may be 7.0mm to 7.4mm, the length D3 of the third sub-slot 122c may be 6.4 ± 0.2mm, that is, the length D3 of the third sub-slot 122c may be 6.2mm to 6.6mm, the width W1 of the fourth sub-slot 122D is 1.3 ± 0.2mm, that is, the width W1 of the fourth sub-slot 122D may be 1.1mm to 1.5mm, so that the total length of the first sub-slot 1221 is 12 ± 0.2mm, that is 12.8 mm to 12.2mm, and that is equivalent to 1.2 mm. By properly designing the length and width of the first slot 122 to satisfy the above conditions, the antenna 100 with a specific frequency and impedance matching can be obtained as required.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the receiving groove 121 is a rectangular groove, one end of the receiving groove 121 penetrates through the tuning unit 120, the gap further includes 2 second gaps 1222, the 2 second gaps 1222 are symmetrically disposed relative to the first axis a, and the 2 second gaps 1222 are all communicated with the receiving groove 121 to provide a radiation aperture for the radiation unit 110. By forming the rectangular receiving groove 121 on the tuning unit 120 and symmetrically arranging the first slits 1222 on both sides of the receiving groove 121, the 2 first slits 1222 are all communicated with the receiving groove 121, so as to provide a radiation aperture for the radiating unit 110, so that the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna 100 is more uniform, which helps to improve the communication quality.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the second slit 1222 includes a fifth sub-slit 122e and a sixth sub-slit 122f connected in sequence, the fifth sub-slit 122e extends along the first direction X, the sixth sub-slit 122f extends along the second direction Y, the whole of the fifth sub-slit 122e and the sixth sub-slit 122f is in an "L" shape or other zigzag shape, and the sixth sub-slit 122f is communicated with the accommodating groove 121. By connecting the second slot 1222 by the fifth sub-slot 122e and the sixth sub-slot 122f, and by making the extending directions of the fifth sub-slot 122e and the sixth sub-slot 122f different, when a current flows through the second slot 1222, the current path becomes long, which is beneficial to increasing the frequency band of the antenna 100 and improving the radiation characteristic thereof. Meanwhile, the length of the second slot 1222 in the first direction X is not changed, which is beneficial to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna 100.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the length D4 of the fifth sub-slit 122e along the first direction X is 13.7 ± 0.2mm, i.e., the length D4 of the fifth sub-slit 122e may be 13.5mm to 13.9mm, and the width W2 of the fifth sub-slit 122e along the second direction Y is 2 ± 0.2mm, i.e., the width W2 of the fifth sub-slit 122e may be 1.8mm to 2.2 mm. The length D4 and the width W2 of the fifth sub-slot 122e are reasonably designed to satisfy the above conditions, so that the antenna 100 satisfies the impedance matching characteristic, and the operating frequency band of the antenna 100 satisfies the preset frequency band.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the equivalent total length D5 of the radiation unit 110 is 13.1 ± 0.2mm, that is, the equivalent total length D5 of the radiation unit 110 may be between 12.9mm and 13.3mm, and the radiation unit 110 includes a plurality of rectangular sub-radiation units extending along the first direction X, and widths of the plurality of sub-radiation units are different. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the radiation unit 110 is formed by combining 4 rectangular sub-radiation units with different lengths and widths along the first direction X, the combined length of the 4 rectangular sub-radiation units is D5, i.e. 13.1 ± 0.2mm, and the equivalent width W3 thereof is 2.2 ± 0.2mm, i.e. the equivalent width W3 may be between 2.0mm and 2.4 mm. By properly designing the length and width of the radiating element 110, the antenna 100 can meet the requirements of wide bandwidth, small size and easy integration.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the antenna 100 further includes a feeding microstrip line 130, the feeding microstrip line 130 is connected to the radiating element 110, and the feeding microstrip line 130 is led out from the interlayer of the glass plate 200 and is located at the edge of the glass plate 200 for feeding an electrical signal with a predetermined frequency. Preferably, the utility model adopts a microstrip line structure with characteristic impedance of about 50 omega and coplanar waveguide feed, and directly feeds on the surface of the glass plate 200 by depending on the coplanar characteristic of the floor and the signal line, thereby reducing the problem of overhigh rejection rate caused by adding foreign matters between the glass plates 200 and being better applied to microwave integrated circuits with very high frequency. In addition, the direct feeding mode can also effectively improve the matching characteristic of the input impedance.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 4, the antenna 100 further includes a flexible substrate 400, and the radiation unit 110 and the tuning unit 120 are both formed on the flexible substrate 400, and the flexible substrate 400 is configured to be disposed on the glass plate 200. The radiation unit 110 and the tuning unit 120 may be formed on the surface of the flexible substrate 400 by an LDS (Laser-Direct-structuring) process, and the flexible substrate 400 may be manufactured by a conventional flexible substrate manufacturing method and is bonded on the surface of the glass plate 200 by a bonding technique. By adding the flexible substrate 400 to the antenna 100, a person skilled in the art can flexibly design parameters such as the size, shape and structure of the flexible substrate 400, so that the antenna 100 can meet various requirements. And when the glass plate 200 is impacted, the flexible substrate 400 can play a certain role in buffering and protecting.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the antenna 100 further includes a protective cover 300, the protective cover 300 is disposed on the glass plate 200, and the protective cover 300 covers the radiation unit 110 and the tuning unit 120. Preferably, the protective cover 300 is adhered to the surface of the glass plate 200 by a glue. By providing the protective cover 300 in the antenna 100, electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna 100 can be reflected to directionally radiate energy, and meanwhile, the protective cover 300 can also function to shield the radiation unit 110 of the antenna 100 and fix the feed microstrip line 130. Preferably, in consideration of market demand for aesthetic appearance, the sectional height of the antenna is reduced as much as possible, and in the present embodiment, the height of the protective cover 300 is about 5 mm.

As shown in fig. 5, which is the result of the agilent vector network analyzer, from the test result, when the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is less than or equal to-10 dB, the required operating frequency band can be covered between 2.515GHz and 2.675 GHz. Fig. 6 shows the far field results of the antenna 100 measured in a microwave anechoic chamber. From the test results, the antenna 100 exhibited good directivity with a front-to-back ratio of better than 15dB and a peak gain of up to 5 dB.

Referring to fig. 2, the vehicle glass panel assembly includes a glass panel 200 and the antenna 100 provided by the present invention, and the antenna 100 is disposed on a surface of the glass panel 200. In particular, the glass plate 200 is preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass or a transparent plastic, more preferably a rigid transparent plastic, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 2, the glass plate 200 has a dielectric constant of about 7.1 and a loss tangent of about 0.03. Further, the dimensions (length, width, and height) of the glass sheet 200 in the present embodiment are preferably: 310mm by 4 mm. The dielectric constant, the loss tangent angle and the size of the glass plate 200 are reasonably designed to meet the above conditions, which is beneficial to improving the radiation performance of the antenna 100.

Referring to fig. 2, the vehicle includes a housing and a vehicle glass panel assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the vehicle glass panel assembly is mounted on the housing. Specifically, the vehicle may be any type of vehicle such as an automobile, a ship, an airplane, etc., and taking the automobile as an example, the vehicle glass panel assembly is used for being mounted on the housing as a front windshield, a rear windshield or a side window, and the vehicle glass panel assembly and the housing enclose to form an accommodating space for accommodating people or objects. By adopting the glass plate component of the vehicle provided by the utility model in the vehicle, the antenna 100 is installed in the vehicle to realize the wireless communication function, and the antenna 100 provided by the embodiment of the utility model has high communication quality and small volume, so that the vehicle has more attractive appearance and is easy to meet higher intelligent requirements.

While the utility model has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The antenna is characterized in that the antenna is arranged on a glass plate and comprises a radiation unit and a tuning unit, the tuning unit is provided with a containing groove and a plurality of gaps located on two sides of the containing groove, the radiation unit is contained in the containing groove and has a spacing distance with the tuning unit, and electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiation unit are at least partially coupled on the tuning unit and are radiated outwards through the gaps, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna are located in a preset frequency band.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the slot comprises a plurality of first slots, the plurality of first slots are symmetrically arranged along a first axis and a second axis, the first axis and the second axis are perpendicular, and the first axis is the same as the extension direction of the receiving groove.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the first slot includes a first sub slot, a second sub slot, a third sub slot, and a fourth sub slot connected in sequence, the first sub slot and the third sub slot extending in a first direction, the second sub slot and the fourth sub slot extending in a second direction, the first direction being parallel to the first axis, the second direction being parallel to the second axis.

4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the receiving groove is a rectangular groove, and one end of the receiving groove penetrates through the tuning element.

5. The antenna of claim 3, wherein the slots further comprise 2 second slots, wherein the 2 second slots are symmetrically disposed with respect to the first axis, and wherein the 2 second slots are all in communication with the receiving slot.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, wherein the second slot includes a fifth sub slot and a sixth sub slot connected in sequence, the fifth sub slot extends along the first direction, the sixth sub slot extends along the second direction, an entirety of the fifth sub slot and the sixth sub slot is zigzag, and the sixth sub slot is communicated with the receiving groove.

7. The antenna of claim 3, wherein the radiating element comprises a plurality of rectangular sub-radiating elements extending along the first direction, the plurality of sub-radiating elements having different widths.

8. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a feeding microstrip line connected to the radiating element, wherein the feeding microstrip line is configured to feed an electrical signal with a preset frequency.

9. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a flexible substrate, the radiating element and the tuning element each being formed on the flexible substrate, the flexible substrate being for placement on the glass sheet.

10. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a protective cover disposed on the glass plate, the protective cover covering the radiating element and the tuning element.

11. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the predetermined frequency band is between 2.515 GHz-2.675 GHz when an impedance bandwidth of the antenna is less than or equal to-10 dB.

12. A vehicle glass pane assembly, characterized in that the vehicle glass pane comprises a glass pane and an antenna according to any of claims 1 to 11, which antenna is arranged on the surface of the glass pane.

13. A vehicle comprising a housing and the vehicle glazing assembly of claim 12 mounted to the housing.