CN215333959U - Dynamic and static pressure mixed thrust bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gas bearings and discloses a hybrid thrust bearing, which comprises a thrust plate, wherein one or more thread grooves are formed in the plate surface of the thrust plate, and the thread grooves are distributed along the circumferential direction of the plate surface; the bearing, with thrust dish coaxial setting, the lateral part is equipped with a plurality of gas outlets, the gas outlet with the quotation sets up relatively. The gas output from the bearing gas outlet forms a gas film between the bearing and the thrust disc to form a static pressure bearing, the thrust disc rotates under the action of the thread groove of the thrust disc, the thread groove drives the gas forming the gas film to flow, a circumferential stepped dynamic pressure effect is generated between the disc surface of the thrust disc and the bearing, the bearing capacity of the bearing is improved, and the stability of the static pressure gas thrust bearing in the operation process is improved.

Description

Dynamic and static pressure mixed thrust bearing

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of gas bearings, for example to a hybrid thrust bearing.

Background

With the development of rotary turbomachines such as centrifugal compressors toward ultra-high speed miniaturization, the existing bearing technologies such as oil lubrication and grease lubrication cannot meet the requirements. The dynamic pressure gas bearing generates a pressure gas film through a dynamic pressure effect to support the rotor to rotate at a high speed, has no solid contact and does not need oil lubrication, and is an ideal solution of the high-speed rotating turbo mechanical bearing technology. However, the dynamic pressure gas bearing has lower bearing capacity, and the axial thrust bearing in the turbine machinery such as a centrifugal compressor has worse operation condition and is easy to damage and lose efficacy. The static pressure gas bearing adopts an external gas supply mode to provide the suspension pressure, so the bearing capacity of the static pressure gas bearing is greatly improved compared with that of a dynamic pressure gas bearing, but the static pressure gas bearing has an air hammer effect, the rotor is unstable when rotating at a high speed, and the running stability of the rotor is worse than that of the dynamic pressure gas bearing.

In the process of implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is found that at least the following problems exist in the related art: the static pressure gas thrust bearing has poor stability and the dynamic pressure gas thrust bearing has low bearing capacity.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview nor is intended to identify key/critical elements or to delineate the scope of such embodiments but rather as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a hybrid thrust bearing for dynamic and static pressure, which solves the problems of poor stability of a static pressure gas thrust bearing and low bearing capacity of a dynamic pressure gas thrust bearing.

In some embodiments, the hybrid thrust bearing comprises: the thrust plate is provided with one or more thread grooves along the circumferential direction of the plate surface; the bearing, with thrust dish coaxial setting, the side is equipped with a plurality of gas outlets, the gas outlet with the quotation sets up relatively.

In some embodiments, the side of the bearing is provided with a pressure equalizing groove, and the air outlet is positioned in the pressure equalizing groove.

In some embodiments, the pressure equalizing groove is annular and is a plurality of grooves; the radii of the pressure equalizing grooves are different from each other and are coaxially arranged.

In some embodiments, the thrust disk has an outer diameter less than the bearing outer diameter and greater than the diameter of the pressure equalization groove.

In some embodiments, the air outlet is a hole or a slit; wherein, the opening of gas outlet is towards the quotation of thrust dish.

In some embodiments, a circumferential side of the bearing is configured with a circumferentially surrounding groove, and an air inlet is arranged in the groove; wherein the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet.

In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the gas inlet is greater than the cross-sectional area of the gas outlet.

In some embodiments, the threaded groove extends from the circumference of the thrust disk to the center of the circle; wherein, the end part of the thread groove close to the circle center is arranged at intervals with the circle center.

In some embodiments, the thread groove is helical, and/or the width of the thread groove narrows from the circumference of the thrust disk to the center of the circle.

In some embodiments, the number of the bearings is two, and the two bearings are respectively arranged on two sides of the thrust disk.

The hybrid thrust bearing of hybrid that this disclosed embodiment provided can realize following technological effect:

the gas output from the bearing gas outlet forms a gas film between the bearing and the thrust disc to form a static pressure bearing, the thrust disc rotates under the action of the thread groove of the thrust disc, the thread groove drives the gas forming the gas film to flow, a circumferential stepped dynamic pressure effect is generated between the disc surface of the thrust disc and the bearing, the bearing capacity of the bearing is improved, and the stability of the static pressure gas thrust bearing in the operation process is improved.

The foregoing general description and the following description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Drawings

One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the accompanying drawings and not in limitation thereof, in which elements having the same reference numeral designations are shown as like elements and not in limitation thereof, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid thrust bearing provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thrust disk provided in an embodiment of the disclosure.

Reference numerals:

10: a thrust plate; 101: a thread groove; 20: a bearing; 201: an air outlet; 202: a pressure equalizing groove; 203: an air inlet; 204: and (4) a groove.

Detailed Description

So that the manner in which the features and elements of the disclosed embodiments can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the disclosed embodiments, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. In the following description of the technology, for purposes of explanation, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may be practiced without these details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices may be shown in simplified form in order to simplify the drawing.

The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, and the above-described drawings of embodiments of the present disclosure, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the present disclosure described herein may be made. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "middle", "outer", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the disclosed embodiments and their examples and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In addition, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "secured" are to be construed broadly. For example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

The term "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the character "/" indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an or relationship. For example, A/B represents: a or B.

The term "and/or" is an associative relationship that describes objects, meaning that three relationships may exist. For example, a and/or B, represents: a or B, or A and B.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a hybrid thrust bearing, including: the thrust plate 10 and the bearing 20, the disc surface of the thrust plate 10 is configured with one or more thread grooves 101, and the plurality of thread grooves 101 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the disc surface; the bearing 20 and the thrust disc 10 are coaxially arranged, the side surface is provided with a plurality of air outlets 201, and the air outlets 201 are arranged opposite to the disc surface.

By adopting the hybrid dynamic and static pressure thrust bearing provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, an air film is formed between the bearing 20 and the thrust plate 10 by the air output from the air outlet 201 of the bearing 20 to form a static pressure bearing, the thrust plate 10 rotates under the action of the thread groove 101 of the thrust plate 10, the thread groove 101 drives the air forming the air film to flow, a circumferential stepped dynamic pressure effect is generated between the plate surface of the thrust plate 10 and the bearing 20, the bearing capacity of the bearing 20 is improved, and the stability of the static pressure air thrust bearing in the operation process is improved.

The thrust disc 10 is provided with the threaded groove 101, so that a staggered platform and groove structure is formed, and in the rotating process of the thrust disc 10, gas is driven to rotate through the staggered platform and groove structure, so that the circumferential dynamic pressure effect of the gas between the thrust disc 10 and the bearing 20 can be enhanced, and the bearing capacity of a dynamic pressure thrust bearing is improved.

The plurality of thread grooves 101 are uniformly distributed on the disk surface of the thrust disk 10 at intervals. This contributes, on the one hand, to the stability of the thrust disk 10 during rotation and to the equalization of the dynamic pressure effect generated; on the other hand, the bearing 20 is stressed uniformly, and the service life of the dynamic and static pressure mixed thrust bearing is prolonged.

Alternatively, the arc lengths of the plurality of thread grooves 101 are the same. Thus, the gas output from the gas outlet 201 of the bearing 20 is facilitated to flow stably under the driving of the thread groove 101.

Alternatively, in the case of a plurality of thread grooves 101, the arc lengths of the partial thread grooves 101 are the same. For convenience of description, the thread groove 101 is defined to include a first thread groove and a second thread groove, wherein the length of the first thread groove is greater than that of the second thread groove, and a plurality of the first thread grooves and a plurality of the second thread grooves are spaced apart. Thus, through the structural design of the long thread groove 101 and the short thread groove, the gas flows in a grading manner, not only can the cooling be realized, but also the dynamic pressure effect driven by the gas flow can be enhanced. In addition, the stability of gas flowing in the dynamic and static pressure mixed thrust bearing is ensured through the plurality of first thread grooves and the plurality of second thread grooves.

When there is one screw groove 101, the screw groove 101 has an uninterrupted spiral shape. Therefore, the gas can be driven to flow, the temperature can be reduced through cooling, and the dynamic pressure effect caused by the gas flow can be enhanced.

In practical application, a through hole for penetrating through the rotor is formed in the middle of the thrust disk 10, and the bearing 20 and the thrust disk 10 are coaxial and are both sleeved on the rotor.

Through the air outlet 201 arranged on the side part of the bearing 20, the air outlet 201 is arranged opposite to the disk surface, so that air film can be formed between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20 by the air discharged from the air outlet 201, unnecessary loss is reduced, and the static pressure bearing is formed.

A plurality of air outlets 201 are provided at the side of the bearing 20. In this way, the uniformity of the air film formed between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20 by the gas discharged from the gas outlet 201 can be improved.

Optionally, the axis of the air outlet 201 is perpendicular to the disk surface of the thrust disk 10. Thus, the gas discharged from the gas outlet 201 can directly act on the disk surface of the thrust disk 10 or the gas film formed between the bearing 20 and the thrust disk 10.

Alternatively, the axis of the air outlet 201 may be inclined. Thus, the gas discharged from the gas outlet 201 directly acts on the inner wall of the thread groove 101 of the thrust disk 10 along the axial direction of the gas outlet 201, and further acts on the thrust disk 10, thereby promoting the flow of the gas between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20.

Optionally, the side of the bearing 20 is provided with a pressure equalizing groove 202, and the air outlet 201 is located in the pressure equalizing groove 202.

The gas discharged from the gas outlet 201 can stabilize the gas pressure through the pressure equalizing groove 202, and prevent the gas from impacting the gas film formed between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20 and affecting the stability of the gas film.

In practical application, the pressure equalizing groove 202 not only can play a role in stabilizing the pressure of the discharged gas, but also can drain the discharged gas to play a role in guiding. The area of the notch of the pressure equalizing groove 202 is larger than the area of the air outlet 201. Thus, the function of stabilizing voltage can be achieved.

Optionally, part or all of the air outlets 201 are located in the same pressure equalizing groove 202. In the case where part of the air outlets 201 are located in the same pressure equalizing groove 202, the number of the air outlets 201 may be one, two, or more. In addition, in the case where a part of the air outlets 201 are located in the same pressure equalizing groove 202, the part of the air outlets 201 are adjacently disposed.

Alternatively, the air outlet 201 is located at the center of the pressure equalizing groove 202 or near the center of the pressure equalizing groove 202. Thus, the voltage stabilizing function of the voltage-stabilizing groove 202 can be greatly exerted.

Optionally, the pressure equalizing groove 202 is annular and is multiple; the plurality of equalizing grooves 202 have different radii and are coaxially disposed.

Through the coaxial setting of a plurality of annular pressure-equalizing grooves 202, help improving the stability of the gas of gas outlet 201 discharge, prevent the problem of air current disorder. Further, the gas film between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20 is formed on the contact surface of the pressure equalizing groove 202, and the influence of the shape and structure of the pressure equalizing groove 202 on the gas film can be further reduced by the regularly arranged pressure equalizing grooves 202, thereby further improving the stability of the formed gas film.

Alternatively, the plurality of equalizing grooves 202 are arranged at regular intervals. This improves the stability of the air film formed between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20.

Alternatively, the distance between adjacent pressure equalizing grooves 202 increases from the center of the thrust plate 10 to the circumferential direction. Thus, the problem of excessive pressure caused by dense gas discharged from the gas outlet 201 at the circle center of the thrust disk 10 can be solved. The number of the air outlets 201 in the pressure equalizing groove 202 increases from the center of the thrust plate 10 to the circumferential direction.

Optionally, the outer diameter of the thrust disk 10 is smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing 20 and larger than the diameter of the pressure equalizing groove 202.

By making the outer diameter of the thrust disk 10 smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing 20 and larger than the diameter of the pressure equalizing groove 202, a stable gas film can be formed between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20, and the gas forming the gas film can be prevented from being disturbed.

The "diameter of the equalizing groove 202" herein may be understood as the largest diameter of the equalizing groove 202. Wherein the diameter of the pressure equalizing groove 202 is smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing 20. Thus, the unnecessary loss caused by the gas in the equalizing groove 202 overflowing the hybrid thrust bearing can be avoided.

Optionally, the outer diameter of the thrust disk 10 is equal to the outer diameter of the bearing 20.

Optionally, the air outlet 201 is a hole or a slit; wherein, the opening of the air outlet 201 faces the disk surface of the thrust disk 10.

In the case where the air outlet 201 is a hole, the machining of the bearing 20 is facilitated. The air outlets 201 may be holes with the same diameter, or may be holes with different diameters. In addition, the diameters of the inlet end and the outlet end of the air outlet 201 may be the same or different. In the case where the diameters of the inlet end and the outlet end of the air outlet 201 are different, the diameter of the outlet end of the air outlet 201 is larger than the diameter of the inlet end. This helps prevent the gas pressure discharged from the gas outlet 201, i.e., the impact force, from being excessive and affecting the stability of the gas film formed between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20.

In the case where the gas outlet 201 is a slit, the slit is formed in an elongated shape, so that the radiation range of the gas discharged from the gas outlet 201 can be expanded, the contact area between the gas and the gas film can be expanded, the impact force of the gas on the gas film can be reduced, and the stability of the gas film formed between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20 can be improved.

Optionally, a circumferentially surrounding groove 204 is configured on the circumferential side of the bearing 20, and an air inlet 203 is arranged in the groove 204; wherein the air inlet 203 is communicated with the air outlet 201.

Through the groove 204 on the peripheral side of the bearing 20, the air inlet 203 is positioned in the groove 204, on one hand, under the condition that the air inlet 203 is externally connected with a pipeline, the external pipeline can be limited through the groove 204, and the connection stability of the external pipeline is improved; on the other hand, by locating the gas inlet 203 in the groove 204, the impact of the gas at the gas inlet 203 on the circumferential side of the bearing 20 can be reduced.

In practical application, the bearing 20 includes a plurality of air inlets 203, and the air inlets 203 are uniformly arranged in the groove 204; the plurality of air inlets 203 are arranged in a row on the circumferential side of the bearing 20.

The air inlet 203 communicates with the air outlet 201, and it is understood herein that the axis of the air inlet 203 intersects with the axis of the air outlet 201. Thus, on the one hand, the air return phenomenon can be reduced; on the other hand, since the air inlet 203 is provided on the peripheral side of the bearing 20, the air supply line to the bearing 20 can be simplified, and the influence of the air supply line on the bearing 20 can be reduced.

The communication part of the air inlet 203 and the air outlet 201 is arc-shaped. Thus, the air flow can smoothly enter from the air inlet 203 and be discharged from the air outlet 201, and the loss of the air is reduced.

Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the inlet 203 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the outlet 201.

The cross-sectional area of the air inlet 203 is larger than that of the air outlet 201, so that the formation rate of an air film between the thrust disk 10 and the bearing 20 can be improved, and the bearing capacity and stability of the hybrid thrust bearing are further improved.

Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the inlet end of the gas inlet 203 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the inlet end of the gas outlet 201. Optionally, the air inlet 203 is flared. Therefore, the gas is gradually transited from the gas inlet 203 to the gas outlet 201, and the influence of the overlarge impact force of the gas on the stability of the bearing 20 is avoided.

Optionally, the thread groove 101 extends from the circumference of the thrust plate 10 to the center of the circle; wherein, the end of the thread groove 101 close to the center of the circle is arranged at intervals with the center of the circle.

In the rotation process of the thrust plate 10, the heat generated at the circle center and the position near the circle center is more than the heat generated at the position near the circumference area, so that the thread groove 101 extends from the edge of the circumference surface of the thrust plate 10 to the circle center direction, the thread groove 101 conveys the gas with lower temperature in the circumference area to the circle center area of the thrust plate 10, the gas with higher temperature exchanges heat with the gas with lower temperature, and the circle center area of the thrust plate 10 is cooled. In addition, the spiral groove 101 drives the gas to flow in a continuous circulation mode, and the cooling effect is enhanced.

Here, "the end of the thread groove 101 close to the center is spaced from the center", it can be understood that: the thread groove 101 includes two ends, and for convenience of description, the two ends of the thread groove 101 are defined as a circumferential end and a center end. The end of the thread groove 101 near the center of the circle, i.e., the end of the center of the circle of the thread groove 101. The end part of the circle center is not directed to the circle center, and the end part of the circle center and the circle center are arranged in a staggered way and are arranged at intervals. Like this, because of gaseous under high-speed rotatory, the air current impact force that its formed is great, through centre of a circle tip and the dislocation of the centre of a circle of thrust disk 10 and interval setting, help preventing that gaseous under the drive of thread groove 101, directly indicates the centre of a circle and the rotor of thrust disk 10, avoids the air current to cause the impact force to thrust disk 10 and rotor, and then influences the stability of hybrid thrust bearing 20 operation in-process of dynamic and static pressure.

In practical applications, a through hole for penetrating through the rotor is formed in the middle of the thrust disk 10, and in order to further avoid impact force of the formed airflow on the rotor and strength of the thrust disk 10, a preset distance is set between the end of the center of the thread groove 101 and the edge of the through hole of the thrust disk 10.

Alternatively, the thread groove 101 is helical, and/or the width of the thread groove 101 narrows from the circumference of the thrust plate 10 towards the center of the circle.

Here, "the thread groove 101 is formed in a spiral shape", it is understood that the thread groove 101 itself is formed in a spiral shape, and it is also understood that a plurality of thread grooves 101 are formed in a similar spiral shape. In this way, the spiral thread groove 101 can drive and accelerate the flow of gas, thereby improving the cooling effect.

Alternatively, the groove width of the spiral thread groove 101 is set to be equal. Alternatively, the groove width of the thread groove 101 narrows from the circumference of the thrust plate 10 toward the center of the circle. When the groove width of the screw groove 101 is narrowed from the circumference of the thrust plate 10 in the direction of the center of the circle, the gas can be collected by the screw groove 101, and then the region near the through hole of the thrust plate 10 is cooled.

Alternatively, the groove depth of the thread groove 101 is set to be equal in depth. Alternatively, the groove depth of the thread groove 101 becomes shallower from the circumference of the thrust plate 10 toward the center of the circle. In this way, the impact force of the airflow on the vicinity of the through-hole region of the thrust disk 10 can be prevented.

Alternatively, there are two bearings 20, and the two bearings 20 are respectively disposed on two sides of the thrust disk 10.

Set up respectively in the both sides of thrust disc 10 through two bearings 20, the gas of export from bearing 20 gas outlet 201 forms the air film between bearing 20 and thrust disc 10, adopt the mode of two bearings 20, can guarantee that the both sides atress of thrust disc 10 is even, and then make the stability of the hydrostatic bearing that bearing 20 and thrust disc 10 constitute high, under the thread groove 101 of thrust disc 10's effect, thrust disc 10 is rotatory, the thread groove 101 on the both sides quotation drives the gas flow who constitutes the air film, produce circumference ladder dynamic pressure effect between the quotation of the both sides of thrust disc 10 and bearing 20, help improving the bearing capacity of bearing, dynamic and static pressure mix the stability of footstep bearing in the operation process.

The above description and drawings sufficiently illustrate embodiments of the disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other changes. The examples merely typify possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the sequence of operations may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in or substituted for those of others. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A hybrid thrust bearing, comprising:

the thrust plate is provided with one or more thread grooves along the circumferential direction of the plate surface;

the bearing, with thrust dish coaxial setting, the side is equipped with a plurality of gas outlets, the gas outlet with the quotation sets up relatively.

2. The hybrid thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein the side portion of said bearing is provided with a pressure equalizing groove, and said air outlet is located in said pressure equalizing groove.

3. The hybrid thrust bearing according to claim 2, wherein said pressure equalizing grooves are annular and plural;

the radii of the pressure equalizing grooves are different from each other and are coaxially arranged.

4. The hybrid thrust bearing according to claim 2, wherein an outer diameter of the thrust disk is smaller than the bearing outer diameter and larger than a diameter of the pressure equalizing groove.

5. The hybrid thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein the air outlet is a hole or a slit; wherein, the opening of gas outlet is towards the quotation of thrust dish.

6. The hybrid thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein a circumferentially surrounding groove is formed on a circumferential side of the bearing, and an air inlet is provided in the groove;

wherein the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet.

7. The hybrid thrust bearing of claim 6, wherein the cross-sectional area of the inlet port is greater than the cross-sectional area of the outlet port.

8. The hybrid thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein the thread groove extends from the circumference of the thrust disk toward the center of the circle;

wherein, the end part of the thread groove close to the circle center is arranged at intervals with the circle center.

9. The hybrid thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 8,

the thread groove is spiral, and/or the width of the thread groove narrows from the circumference of the thrust disk to the direction of the circle center.

10. The hybrid thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein there are two bearings, and the two bearings are respectively disposed on both sides of the thrust disk.

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