CN215315745U - Automatic locking device of main shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic main shaft locking device which comprises a shell, a main shaft and a gear shaft, wherein the main shaft and the gear shaft are rotatably arranged in the shell, the main shaft and the gear shaft are coaxially arranged, the main shaft is provided with a key groove, the automatic main shaft locking device also comprises a key block and an elastic part, the key block is fixed in the shell, the elastic part is arranged in the gear shaft and is abutted against the main shaft, the elasticity of the elastic part is larger than the gravity of the main shaft so that the main shaft axially moves, the key groove is clamped with the key block so that the main shaft and the shell are circumferentially locked, and the whole automatic main shaft locking device is simple in structure and high in reliability.

Description

Automatic locking device of main shaft

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machine tool, in particular to an automatic spindle locking device.

Background

The turning and milling combined machining center belongs to a multi-axis linkage machine tool, can finish various working procedures such as turning, milling, drilling, boring, tapping and the like in one-time clamping, and provides an effective solution for improving the machining precision and efficiency of parts.

When the accessory head (a part for installing a cutter) needs to be replaced in a machining center, the accessory head needs to be detached from the main shaft, the main shaft on the accessory head is locked, and the accessory head is stored in the tool magazine.

The existing spindle locking device on the accessory head has a complex structure and low locking reliability.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide the automatic spindle locking device which is simple in structure and high in locking reliability.

One of the purposes of the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an automatic locking device of main shaft, includes casing, main shaft and gear shaft, the main shaft and the gear shaft rotate install in the casing, the main shaft and the coaxial setting of gear shaft, the main shaft is equipped with the keyway, automatic locking device of main shaft still includes key piece and elastic component, the key piece is fixed in the casing, the elastic component install in the gear shaft, the elastic component with the main shaft is contradicted, the elasticity of elastic component is greater than the gravity of main shaft makes main shaft axial displacement, the keyway with key piece block makes the main shaft with casing circumference locking.

Further, the automatic locking device of main shaft still includes the end cover, the end cover is fixed in the gear shaft, the elastic component cover is located the end cover and with the end cover is contradicted.

Further, the automatic locking device for the spindle further comprises a mounting assembly and a bearing assembly, wherein the mounting assembly is fixedly mounted on the shell, and the bearing assembly is located between the mounting assembly and the gear shaft.

Further, the mounting assembly comprises a mounting sleeve and an adjusting pad, the mounting sleeve and the adjusting pad are accommodated in the shell, and the adjusting pad is located between the mounting sleeve and a mounting surface of the shell.

Further, the bearing assembly includes an upper bearing, a lower bearing, and a spacer between the upper bearing and the lower bearing.

Further, the spacer bush includes interior spacer bush and outer spacer bush, interior spacer bush is located the gear shaft, outer spacer bush is located interior spacer bush and with interior spacer bush interval.

Furthermore, the automatic locking device of main shaft still includes the gland, go up the gland install in go up the bearing and with gear shaft fixed connection.

Further, the automatic locking device of main shaft still includes lower gland, lower gland is fixed in the installation component and with lower bearing is contradicted.

Further, the elastic member is a spring.

Compared with the prior art, the key block of the automatic main shaft locking device is fixed on the shell, the elastic piece is arranged in the gear shaft and is abutted against the main shaft, the elastic force of the elastic piece is larger than the gravity of the main shaft to enable the main shaft to move axially, and the key groove is clamped with the key block to enable the main shaft to be locked with the shell in the circumferential direction.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the automatic spindle locking device of the present invention.

In the figure: 10. a housing; 20. a main shaft; 21. a keyway; 30. a key block; 40. mounting the component; 41. installing a sleeve; 42. an adjustment pad; 50. a gland is arranged; 60. a bearing assembly; 61. an upper bearing; 62. an inner spacer sleeve; 63. an outer spacer sleeve; 64. a lower bearing; 70. a lower gland; 80. a gear shaft; 90. an elastic member; 100. and (4) end covers.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present, secured by intervening elements. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly disposed on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the utility model herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Fig. 1 is an automatic spindle locking device according to the present invention, which includes a housing 10, a spindle 20, a key block 30, a mounting assembly 40, an upper gland 50, a bearing assembly 60, a lower gland 70, a gear shaft 80, an elastic member 90, and an end cap 100.

The main shaft 20 is a rotating shaft of an accessory head tensioning structure, and the main shaft 20 is a spline shaft. The spindle 20 is provided with a key groove 21.

The mounting assembly 40 includes a mounting sleeve 41 and an adjustment pad 42. The installation height of the installation sleeve 41 is adjusted by installing the adjustment pads 42 of different heights to adjust the installation height of the bearing assembly 60.

The bearing assembly 60 includes an upper bearing 61, a spacer, and a lower bearing 64. The upper bearing 61, the spacer and the lower bearing 64 are coaxially arranged, and the spacer is positioned between the upper bearing 61 and the lower bearing 64. The spacer comprises an inner spacer 62 and an outer spacer 63. The inner spacer 62 and the outer spacer 63 are coaxially arranged. The outer spacer 63 is located outside the inner spacer 62.

The elastic member 90 is a spring.

When the automatic spindle locking device is assembled, the adjustment pad 42 is mounted inside the housing 10, and the mounting sleeve 41 and the adjustment pad 42 are fixed to the housing 10 by fasteners. The installation height of the installation sleeve 41 is adjusted by installing the adjustment pads 42 of different heights to adjust the installation height of the bearing assembly 60. The bearing assembly 60 is mounted inside the mounting sleeve 41 and the lower gland 70 abuts the lower bearing 64 and is secured to the mounting sleeve 41 so that the bearing assembly 60 is axially locked. The upper gland 50 is installed above the upper bearing 61, and the top of the gear shaft 80 is fixed with the upper gland 50. The bearing assembly 60 is now located between the gear shaft 80 and the mounting sleeve 41. The end cap 100 is fixed to the bottom of the gear shaft 80, and the elastic member 90 is mounted to the end cap 100. The main shaft 20 protrudes into the gear shaft 80 and interferes with the elastic member 90. The key block 30 is fixed to the end surface of the housing 10.

When the automatic locking device for the main shaft is used, the accessory head is separated from the shaft of the machining center, the external force applied to the main shaft 20 by the machining center is lost, the elastic force of the elastic piece 90 is greater than the gravity of the main shaft 20, the main shaft 20 moves upwards under the elastic force of the elastic piece 90, the key groove 21 of the main shaft 20 is clamped with the key block 30, and therefore the main shaft 20 is locked with the shell 10.

Through the design, the automatic main shaft locking device is simple in structure and high in reliability.

The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and all equivalent modifications and changes can be made to the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the utility model, which falls into the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an automatic locking device of main shaft, includes casing, main shaft and gear shaft, the main shaft and the gear shaft rotate install in the casing, the main shaft and the coaxial setting of gear shaft, its characterized in that: the main shaft is provided with a key groove, the automatic main shaft locking device further comprises a key block and an elastic piece, the key block is fixed on the shell, the elastic piece is installed in the gear shaft and is abutted against the main shaft, the elastic force of the elastic piece is larger than the gravity of the main shaft to enable the main shaft to move axially, and the key groove is clamped with the key block to enable the main shaft to be locked with the shell in the circumferential direction.

2. The automatic locking device for a spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic locking device of the main shaft further comprises an end cover, the end cover is fixed on the gear shaft, and the elastic piece is sleeved on the end cover and abutted against the end cover.

3. The automatic locking device for a spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic locking device for the main shaft further comprises a mounting assembly and a bearing assembly, the mounting assembly is fixedly mounted on the shell, and the bearing assembly is located between the mounting assembly and the gear shaft.

4. The automatic locking device for a spindle according to claim 3, wherein: the mounting assembly comprises a mounting sleeve and an adjusting pad, the mounting sleeve and the adjusting pad are contained in the shell, and the adjusting pad is located between the mounting sleeve and the mounting surface of the shell.

5. The automatic locking device for a spindle according to claim 3, wherein: the bearing assembly comprises an upper bearing, a lower bearing and a spacer, wherein the spacer is positioned between the upper bearing and the lower bearing.

6. The automatic locking device for a spindle according to claim 5, wherein: the spacer bush comprises an inner spacer bush and an outer spacer bush, the inner spacer bush is sleeved on the gear shaft, and the outer spacer bush is sleeved on the inner spacer bush and spaced from the inner spacer bush.

7. The automatic locking device for a spindle according to claim 5, wherein: the automatic main shaft locking device further comprises an upper gland, and the upper gland is mounted on the upper bearing and fixedly connected with the gear shaft.

8. The automatic locking device for a spindle according to claim 5, wherein: the automatic locking device of main shaft still includes lower gland, lower gland is fixed in the installation component and with lower bearing is contradicted.

9. The automatic locking device for a spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic piece is a spring.

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