CN215306590U - Device for constructing and internally fixing rat femoral fracture or defect model - Google Patents
Device for constructing and internally fixing rat femoral fracture or defect model Download PDFInfo
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- CN215306590U CN215306590U CN202023309142.6U CN202023309142U CN215306590U CN 215306590 U CN215306590 U CN 215306590U CN 202023309142 U CN202023309142 U CN 202023309142U CN 215306590 U CN215306590 U CN 215306590U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model, which belongs to the technical field of fracture or bone defect animal models and comprises the following components: the bone cutting guide plate and the bone plate are designed according to a 3D model obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction of CT scanning data of the rat femur and are detachably and fixedly connected with the rat femur; and the first sides of the osteotomy guide plate and the bone plate are designed according to the 3D shape of the surface of the middle part of the rat femur. The utility model solves the problems that the model of the fracture or the bone defect is difficult to construct and the fixing device in the fracture or the bone defect of the femur of the rat is lack.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model belongs to the technical field of fracture or bone defect animal models, and particularly relates to a device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model.
Background art:
with the progress of research in the field of materials science in recent years, more and more new materials and new processes are applied to the research of fracture or bone defect repair. Among them, bone defect refers to bone shortage caused by trauma or operation. The fracture or bone defect is a common clinical disease, so the method is also a hotspot of basic research, and the establishment of an ideal fracture or bone defect animal model becomes an important link therein and is also a link which is difficult to realize at present. The rat femur as a single weight bearing bone has high similarity with the structure and function of a human long bone, and the pathophysiological process of postoperative recovery is similar to the internal and external environment of a human body, but as a single bone, the rat femur needs to be fixed in an implant after defect molding. However, the problem of lack of the fixing device for rat femur fracture or bone defect with excellent performance is still urgently needed to be solved in the current experiments.
The utility model has the following contents:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model, and solves the problems that the model of fracture or bone defect is difficult to construct and the rat femoral fracture or bone defect internal fixing device is lack.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model, which comprises:
the bone cutting guide plate is provided with a first side surface which is attached to the surface of the middle section of the rat femur;
the bone fracture plate is provided with a first side surface which is attached to the surface of the middle section of the rat femur;
the bone cutting guide plate and the bone fracture plate are designed on the basis of a 3D model obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction of CT scanning data of the rat femur and are detachably and fixedly connected with the rat femur; and the first sides of the osteotomy guide and the bone plate are designed according to the 3D shape of the surface of the middle part of the rat femur.
In some embodiments, the device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model further comprises a screw and a nut, the osteotomy guide and the rat femoral middle section are provided with screw through holes which are aligned, the screw passes through the screw through holes of the osteotomy guide and the rat femoral middle section and fixedly connects the osteotomy guide and the rat femoral by screwing the nut.
In some embodiments, the device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model further comprises a screw and a nut, the bone plate and the rat femoral middle section are provided with screw through holes which are aligned, the screw passes through the screw through holes of the osteotomy guide plate and the rat femoral middle section and fixedly connects the bone plate and the rat femoral by screwing the nut.
In some embodiments, the osteotomy guide is a fracture modeling osteotomy guide, a non-disjointed bone defect modeling osteotomy guide, or a disjointed bone defect modeling osteotomy guide.
In some embodiments, the middle side of the main body of the fracture modeling and bone cutting guide is provided with a bone cutting clamping groove perpendicular to the long axis direction of the fracture modeling and bone cutting guide.
In some embodiments, the middle of the main body of the non-fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide is provided with a rectangular bone cutting clamping groove parallel to the long axis direction of the non-fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide.
In some embodiments, two bone cutting grooves perpendicular to the long axis direction of the fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide are arranged on one side of the middle part of the body of the fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide.
In some embodiments, the bone cutting guide and the first side of the bone plate are both concave.
In some embodiments, the bone plate is made of a PEEK material or a metal material.
In certain embodiments, the screw and the nut are of a PEEK material.
In the embodiment of the utility model, a femoral middle fracture model of a rat is used as an animal model for repairing and researching fracture or bone defect. Conventional intramedullary nail fracture fixation often fails to provide effective mechanical stability due to the mismatch of intramedullary nail thickness and medullary cavity, and cylindrical intramedullary nails also fail to provide effective anti-rotational stability. The embodiment of the utility model provides effective mechanical stability for the fixing system of the bone fracture plate matched with the outer surface of the femur, can retain the motion function of the lower limb of the rat to the utmost extent after operation, is favorable for maintaining the recovery process similar to the internal and external environments of the human body, and solves the problems of difficult construction of a fracture or bone defect model and lack of a fixing device in fracture or bone defect of the femur of the rat.
Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model. The objectives and other advantages of the utility model may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Description of the drawings:
the accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a bone plate structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a bone cutting guide for fracture modeling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a femur middle section non-disjunctive bone defect modeling bone cutting guide plate according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a bone cutting guide for a bone defect of a fracture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the bone guide for cutting a broken bone defect;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bone plate for fixing the femur of a rat with a broken bone defect in the middle of the femur according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the specific embodiments of the present invention. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the utility model without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides in one embodiment an apparatus for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model, comprising: a bone cutting guide plate and a bone plate 1.
The osteotomy guide has a first side which engages the surface of the mid-section of the rat femur, and the bone plate 1 also has a first side which engages the surface of the mid-section of the rat femur 11.
The rat femur 11 is preferably an adult rat femur, and considering the shape of the middle section of the rat femur 11, the osteotomy guide plate and the bone plate 1 are designed according to a 3D model obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction of CT scan data of the rat femur in order to achieve the maximum fit with the surface of the osteotomy guide plate and the bone plate 1, particularly, the first side surfaces of the two are designed according to the 3D shape of the surface of the middle section of the rat femur 11, namely, the first side surfaces of the two are designed to be concave, and the second side surfaces of the two opposite to the first side surfaces are generally designed to be convex.
Wherein, the bone cutting guide plate and the bone fracture plate 1 are fixedly connected with the rat femur 11 in a detachable way.
Specifically, the osteotomy guide and the mid-section of the rat femur 11 each have screw through holes in aligned positions.
Preferably, the osteotomy guide forms a screw through hole by opening round screw holes at both proximal and distal ends thereof, i.e., a proximal screw hole 2 and a distal screw hole 3 as in fig. 2; and the screw hole on the osteotomy guide plate is used for guiding the bone drill to drill the screw through hole on the rat femur shaft, a screw 12 shown in figure 6 is adopted, the screw 12 passes through the screw through hole on the middle section of the osteotomy guide plate and the rat femur 11, and the bone fracture plate 1 and the rat femur 11 are fixedly connected through a screw nut 13.
Similarly, the bone plate 1 has screw through holes aligned with those of the middle part of the rat femur 11;
preferably, the bone plate is provided with round screw holes at both the proximal and distal ends, which may be 1 or 2 in number. Such as proximal screw hole 2 and distal screw hole 3 in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 6, a screw 12 is inserted through the screw through hole in the middle of the bone plate 1 and the rat femur 11 and the bone plate and the rat femur 11 are fixedly connected by a screw nut 13.
The section of the nut 13 is regular hexagon; the screw 12 may be partially screwed completely into the fixing hole of the bone plate 1 body and the nut 13 may be screwed tightly therewith.
Preferably, the bone plate 1 is made of PEEK material or metal material, the body of the bone plate 1 can be increased in thickness and provided with stronger bending strength, and the angle of the bone plate 1 surrounding the femoral shaft can be increased to provide more stable mechanical locking. The screw 12 and the nut 13 are made of PEEK (polyetheretherketone) materials, and the PEEK materials are PEEK biological materials, so that the mechanical property is good, and sufficient mechanical support can be provided for fracture fixation. And the material can be used for processing by a 3D printing technology, so that the main body of the bone fracture plate 1 can be processed after individualized 3D model adjustment according to an experimental object, so as to obtain better fitting and matching degree. The PEEK material can avoid artifact shielding influence in experimental animal imaging examination such as CT scanning, and can obtain better imaging effect.
The bone cutting guide plate can have the following morphological changes according to the model making type: a fracture modeling bone cutting guide 4 as in fig. 2, a non-fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide 6 as in fig. 3, and a fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide 8 as in fig. 4. Three different bone cutting guide plates are provided to guide the bone fracture or bone defect modeling, and different experimental situations can be met. And the fracture or bone defect made under the guidance of the bone cutting guide plate is uniform and homogeneous, thereby meeting the standardized requirements of animal models.
In the present embodiment, only the fracture modeling osteotomy guide 4 will be described, and the osteotomy guides of other shapes will be described in other embodiments, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, one side of the middle part of the main body of the fracture modeling and osteotomy guide plate 4 is provided with an osteotomy slot perpendicular to the long axis direction of the fracture modeling and osteotomy guide plate 4, and the fracture modeling and osteotomy slot 5 is used for guiding a bone saw to cut the femoral shaft.
After exposing the middle section of the rat femur 11 in an operation, the fracture modeling and osteotomy guide plate 4 is arranged on the top surface of the rat femur 11, and the position is adjusted to the closest fit state. The fracture model osteotomy guide plate 4 and the rat femur 11 are clamped by hemostatic forceps, and the relative positions are kept constant. A bone drill bit matched with the model penetrates through the whole layer of the rat femur 11 through a femur near-end screw hole 2 and a femur far-end screw hole 3 and a hole perpendicular to the long axis of the femur to serve as a screw through hole. The femoral shaft is cut along the fracture modeling osteotomy notch 5 using a bone saw blade as a cutting position marker. After the bone cutting guide 4 is removed, the femoral shaft is completely cut off along the cutting position mark using a bone saw. The bone plate 1 is covered on the surface of the broken rat femur 11. The rat femur 11 and the bone plate 1 are tightly locked by using the screw 12 and the nut 13 through the screw hole 2 and the screw hole 23 and the screw through hole on the rat femur 11. After ensuring the fixed stability, the wound surface is cleaned, hemostasis is performed, and the incision is closed by suturing layer by layer.
The utility model provides a device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model in the second embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in that: the osteotomy guide adopts a non-disjunctive bone defect modeling osteotomy guide 6, and the specific structure is shown in figure 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the middle of the main body of the non-detachable bone defect modeling bone cutting guide 6 is provided with a rectangular bone cutting clamping groove parallel to the long axis direction of the non-detachable bone defect modeling bone cutting guide 6, and the non-detachable bone defect modeling bone cutting clamping groove 7 is used for guiding a bone drill and a milling cutter to cut the middle part of the femoral shaft to produce a rectangular defect. Preferably, the non-dissociative bone defect modeling osteotomy notch 7 is 5mm X2 mm to provide sufficient defect coverage while ensuring sufficient femoral integrity.
After the middle section of the rat femur 11 is exposed by operation, the non-disjunctive bone defect modeling bone cutting guide plate 6 is arranged on the top surface of the rat femur 11, and the position is adjusted to the closest fitting state. The non-disjunctive bone defect model making osteotomy guide plate 6 and the rat femur 11 are clamped by hemostatic forceps, and the relative positions are kept constant. A bone drill bit matched with the model penetrates through the whole layer of the rat femur 11 through a femur near-end screw hole 2 and a femur far-end screw hole 3 and a hole perpendicular to the long axis of the femur to serve as a screw through hole. The bone drill and the milling cutter are used for cutting the lower femoral anterior cortical bone along the non-fractured bone defect modeling osteotomy clamping groove 7, and the defect with the shape consistent with that of the non-fractured bone defect modeling osteotomy clamping groove 7 is manufactured on the femoral shaft anterior cortical bone. The bone plate 1 is covered on the surface of the rat femur 11 with a defect in the anterior cortex. The rat femur 11 and the bone plate 1 are tightly locked by the screw 12 and the nut 13 through the screw hole 2 and the screw 3 and the screw through hole on the rat femur 11. After ensuring the fixed stability, the wound surface is cleaned, hemostasis is performed, and the incision is closed by suturing layer by layer.
The utility model provides a device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model in the third embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment and the second embodiment in that: the bone cutting guide plate adopts a fracture bone defect model to cut the bone guide 8, and the specific structure is shown in figure 4.
As shown in fig. 4, two bone cutting slots perpendicular to the long axis direction of the fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide plate 8 are arranged on one side of the middle part of the main body of the fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide plate 8, namely a proximal femur bone cutting slot 9 of a fractured bone defect model and a distal femur cutting slot 10 of the fractured bone defect model, which are used for guiding a bone saw to cut the femoral shaft; preferably, the distance between the proximal bone cutting clamping groove 9 of the femur of the fractured bone defect model and the distal bone cutting clamping groove 10 of the femur of the fractured bone defect model is 5mm, so as to provide a femoral shaft defect with a width of 5mm commonly used in experiments.
As shown in fig. 5, after the middle femoral segment of the rat is exposed by the operation, the fractured bone defect modeling and bone cutting guide plate 8 is placed on the top surface of the femoral bone 11 of the rat, and the position is adjusted to the closest fit state. The hemostatic forceps are used for clamping the disjointed bone defect model-making osteotomy guide plate 8 and the rat femur 11, and the relative positions of the osteotomy guide plate and the rat femur are kept constant. A bone drill bit matched with the model penetrates through the whole layer of the rat femur 11 through a femur near-end screw hole 2 and a femur far-end screw hole 3 and a hole perpendicular to the long axis of the femur to serve as a screw through hole. The femoral shaft is cut along the proximal femur osteotomy notch 9 of the fractured bone defect model and the distal femur osteotomy notch 10 of the fractured bone defect model by using a bone saw blade as a cutting position mark. After the fractured bone defect molding and bone cutting guide plate 8 is removed, the femoral shaft is completely broken along the cutting position mark by using a bone saw, and the femoral shaft part which is dissociated in the middle of the two clamping groove positions is discarded. The bone plate 1 is applied to the surface of the completely detached rat femur 11. The rat femur 11 and the bone plate 1 are tightly locked by means of screws 12 and nuts 13 through the screw holes 2 and the screws 3 and screw passages in the femur. After ensuring the fixed stability, the wound surface is cleaned, hemostasis is performed, and the incision is closed by suturing layer by layer.
In the embodiment of the utility model, a femoral middle fracture model of a rat is used as an animal model for repairing and researching fracture or bone defect. Conventional intramedullary nail fracture fixation often fails to provide effective mechanical stability due to the mismatch of intramedullary nail thickness and medullary cavity, and cylindrical intramedullary nails also fail to provide effective anti-rotational stability. The embodiment of the utility model provides effective mechanical stability for a fixing system (bone plate-screw-nut) for matching the adopted bone plate with the outer surface of the femur, can retain the motion function of the lower limb of a rat to a great extent after operation so as to be beneficial to maintaining the recovery process similar to the internal and external environments of a human body, and solves the problems that the model of fracture or bone defect is difficult to construct and the fixing device in fracture or bone defect of the femur of the rat is lack.
The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the utility model are not limited to the technical means disclosed by the technical means, and also comprise the technical scheme formed by equivalent replacement of the technical features. The present invention is not limited to the details given herein, but is within the ordinary knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model, comprising:
the bone cutting guide plate is provided with a first side surface which is attached to the surface of the middle section of the rat femur;
the bone fracture plate is provided with a first side surface which is attached to the surface of the middle section of the rat femur;
the bone cutting guide plate and the bone fracture plate are designed on the basis of a 3D model obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction of CT scanning data of the rat femur and are detachably and fixedly connected with the rat femur; and the first sides of the osteotomy guide and the bone plate are designed according to the 3D shape of the surface of the middle part of the rat femur.
2. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to claim 1, wherein: the device for constructing and internally fixing the rat femoral fracture or defect model further comprises a screw and a nut, the osteotomy guide plate and the middle section of the rat femur are provided with screw through holes with aligned positions, and the screw penetrates through the screw through holes of the middle section of the rat femur and is fixedly connected with the rat femur through the nut in a screwed mode.
3. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to claim 1, wherein: the device for constructing and internally fixing the rat femoral fracture or defect model further comprises a screw and a nut, wherein the bone fracture plate and the middle section of the rat femur are respectively provided with screw through holes with aligned positions, and the screw penetrates through the bone cutting guide plate and the screw through holes in the middle section of the rat femur and is fixedly connected with the bone fracture plate and the rat femur through a screwed joint.
4. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the bone cutting guide plate is a fracture modeling bone cutting guide plate, a non-fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide plate or a fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide plate.
5. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to claim 4, wherein: one side of the middle part of the fracture modeling and osteotomy guide plate main body is provided with an osteotomy clamping groove which is vertical to the long axis direction of the fracture modeling and osteotomy guide plate.
6. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to claim 4, wherein: the middle of the middle part of the main body of the non-disjunctive bone defect modeling and bone cutting guide plate is provided with a rectangular bone cutting clamping groove which is parallel to the long axis direction of the non-disjunctive bone defect modeling and bone cutting guide plate.
7. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to claim 4, wherein: and two bone cutting clamping grooves perpendicular to the long axis direction of the fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide plate are arranged on one side of the middle part of the fractured bone defect modeling bone cutting guide plate main body.
8. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to claim 1, wherein: the first side surfaces of the bone cutting guide plate and the bone fracture plate are both concave surfaces.
9. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to claim 1, wherein: the bone plate is made of PEEK material or metal material.
10. The device for constructing and internally fixing a rat femoral fracture or defect model according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the screw and the nut are made of PEEK materials.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202023309142.6U CN215306590U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Device for constructing and internally fixing rat femoral fracture or defect model |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202023309142.6U CN215306590U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Device for constructing and internally fixing rat femoral fracture or defect model |
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| CN215306590U true CN215306590U (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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| CN202023309142.6U Active CN215306590U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Device for constructing and internally fixing rat femoral fracture or defect model |
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