CN215296895U - Soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester - Google Patents
Soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN215296895U CN215296895U CN202121363178.4U CN202121363178U CN215296895U CN 215296895 U CN215296895 U CN 215296895U CN 202121363178 U CN202121363178 U CN 202121363178U CN 215296895 U CN215296895 U CN 215296895U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a soft tissue material operation incision capability test appearance, its tester includes the frame, test sample piece fixed establishment, scalpel fixed establishment, drive test sample piece and scalpel are along horizontal and vertical relative motion's horizontal drive arrangement and vertical drive arrangement, a scalpel acupuncture sensor and scalpel switch off sensor hard that is used for responding to the power that the scalpel pricked in the test sample piece and the power of scalpel crosscut test sample piece, the scalpel pierces through soft tissue sensor and is used for receiving sensor data and carries out analysis processes's control processing module, test method is: fix and adjusting position with sample piece and scalpel earlier, the scalpel pierces through the soft tissue after the start control procedure, and sample piece sideslip cutting, sensor sense pierce the scalpel of its perception power and cutting power data transmission and carry out data analysis for control processing module, the utility model discloses low, the sample of test cost prepares to require low, efficient, accord with actual scene, and data are more true.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a test equipment, in particular to soft tissue material operation incision capability test appearance.
Background
In dental clinical simulation training, incision and suture training of soft tissues is the most basic training content in oral training such as extraoral training, implantation training, periodontal training and the like. Therefore, the performance of the incised suture needs to be similar to the natural soft tissue material such as the gum, the mucous membrane, the skin and the like as much as possible in the oral cavity model for training, wherein the soft tissue material such as the gum, the mucous membrane, the skin and the like is simulated.
The traditional descriptions of various characteristics of soft tissue materials such as gingiva, mucosa and skin of human body are based on the descriptions of physical, mechanical and mechanical performance parameters, such as elastic modulus, tensile strength, tensile elongation, tear strength, hardness and the like. However, the correlation between these parameters and the feeling of the surgeon when suturing and incising soft tissue is very abstract and indirect, and the material engineer is not suitable for verifying the similarity of the simulated soft tissue material developed by the engineer and the natural soft tissue material of human body based on these parameters.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to compensate the above deficiency, the utility model provides a soft tissue material operation incision capability test appearance, this soft tissue material operation incision capability test appearance carries out dynamic test to soft tissue material, and the parameter of test output can be abundant, accurate verification soft tissue material's the performance of cutting.
The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted and be: a soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester comprises a rack, a sample piece fixing mechanism, a transverse driving device, a scalpel fixing mechanism, a vertical driving device, a scalpel puncturing force sensor, a scalpel cutting force sensor, a scalpel puncturing soft tissue sensor and a control processing module, wherein the sample piece fixing mechanism can fix and position a sample piece, the scalpel fixing mechanism can fixedly install a scalpel, the scalpel fixing mechanism and the sample piece fixing mechanism can be installed on the rack in a vertical and transverse relative motion mode, the transverse driving device and the vertical driving device respectively drive the scalpel fixing mechanism and the sample piece fixing mechanism to move in a transverse and vertical relative motion mode, the scalpel puncturing force sensor, the scalpel cutting force sensor and the scalpel puncturing soft tissue sensor respectively can sense the force of the scalpel puncturing the sample piece, The strength of scalpel crosscut sample piece and the position that the scalpel punctured the sample piece, scalpel puncture sensor, scalpel cut sensor and scalpel puncture soft tissue sensor communicate with control processing module electric connection respectively, control processing module can be to scalpel puncture sensor and scalpel cut the data file that sensor gathered with force and analyze and obtain sample piece and open performance test data, control processing module control horizontal drive arrangement and vertical drive arrangement and open and stop the motion.
As a further improvement, coupon fixed establishment includes coupon lower plate, coupon upper plate and presss from both sides tight drive arrangement, the setting that the punch holder can elevating movement in the lower plate upside, presss from both sides tight drive arrangement drive coupon upper plate elevating movement and presss from both sides the coupon tightly between coupon upper plate and coupon lower plate, be equipped with on the coupon upper plate and supply the coupon to open the hollow out construction that dodges that the position exposes.
As a further improvement, press from both sides tight drive arrangement and include double-screw bolt and lock nut of fixed mounting on the sample piece lower plate, be equipped with on the sample piece upper plate with the perforation of double-screw bolt one-to-one on the sample piece lower plate, the double-screw bolt passes the perforation on the sample upper plate finally with the lock nut spiro union, lock nut tightly supports sample piece upper plate surface, dodge hollow out construction for with the sample piece on the rectangular shape structure that the incision corresponds, rectangular shape structure length is greater than incision length.
As a further improvement, the transverse driving device includes first motor, first lead screw and first slider, first slider can be in the frame along the gliding installation of horizontal straight line on the horizontal plane, first lead screw and first slider activity spiro union, and first lead screw one end links to each other with first motor power take off end, and coupon fixed establishment fixed mounting is on first slider, vertical driving device includes second motor, second lead screw and second slider, vertical rectilinear sliding's installation in the frame can be followed to the second slider, second lead screw and second slider activity spiro union, and two ends of second lead screw link to each other with second motor power take off end, scalpel fixed establishment fixed mounting is on the second slider.
As a further improvement, the knife pierces and exerts sensor fixed mounting on first slider, and test sample piece fixed mounting is on the measuring end of knife piercing and exerts sensor, knife cuts out and exerts sensor fixed mounting on the second slider, and knife fixed mounting is on the measuring end of knife cutting and exerts sensor.
As a further improvement, be equipped with on the second slider with the sample piece on the horizontal rectangular hole of incision extending direction vertically, be equipped with two at least screw holes on the scalpel cuts the sensor hard, the spiro union has the bolt respectively in the screw hole, and each bolt can be gliding wears to locate the horizontal rectangular hole on the second slider, and the head of each bolt tightly supports the second slider on the scalpel cuts the sensor hard one side on the surface.
As a further improvement, still be equipped with horizontal linear guide and vertical linear guide in the frame, first slider and second slider can gliding cover respectively locate on horizontal linear guide and vertical linear guide.
As a further improvement, the scalpel includes blade and handle of a knife, and the blade is fixed to be located on the handle of a knife, the blade cutting part is circular structure, and the handle of a knife is slope form fixed mounting on scalpel fixed establishment through the connecting piece.
As a further improvement of the utility model, control processing module includes controller, storage card, card reading module, data analysis processing module and display, the controller can receive the scalpel and stab the force sensor hard, the scalpel cuts out the force sensor hard and the scalpel pierces the data of soft tissue sensor, and cut out the force sensor hard and the scalpel with the scalpel and save the data storage of force sensor hard on the storage card, controller control horizontal drive arrangement and vertical drive arrangement open and stop, card reading module can read the data of storage in the storage card, data analysis processing module can carry out the analysis and draw the force curve graph to the data that card reading module read, display and data analysis processing module electric connection communication, the display can show the force curve graph.
As the utility model discloses a further improvement, the coupon lower plate is electrically conductive material, and scalpel, scalpel impale soft tissue sensor and lower plate and pass through the wire electrical property series connection, can contact the coupon lower plate after the cutting part of scalpel impales the soft tissue and make scalpel, scalpel impale soft tissue sensor and lower plate and form the series circuit.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses form a "towards object" material performance analysis and verification method, "towards the object" in the object "mean" the specific use scene of user ", and not the physical parameter of material itself. The utility model relates to a accord with dentistry, the clinical training field of medical science and use the test instrument and the test method of test and analysis to the soft tissue material cutting performance. The utility model discloses a dental scalpel of the standard that can select cuts the test, and the test implementation cost is low, sample preparation requires low, efficient, the application is more general. The utility model discloses a whole process of cutting contains the perpendicular to of scalpel to pierce and the level to the cutting, accords with the scene that is actually simulated, and the cutting data is more true. The utility model discloses the data volume of output is big, can be based on the test and describe a plurality of curves of output, can be characterized as the fingerprint feature of material cutting performance. The utility model discloses the data volume of output is abundant, except the utility model discloses in a plurality of characteristic parameter who carries, the material data analyst can acquire more parameters according to own experience and demand, and the expansion algorithm discovers the more careful characteristic of every kind of material. The utility model discloses the data of output are dynamic process data, cut the process with the form of digit, take notes step by step whole, very help to the performance of cutting of analysis heterogeneous material. The soft tissue material is not limited to the material simulating human soft tissue in the dental and medical clinical training field, and can also comprise the development of soft tissue material simulating nature in other fields with the same confusion.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a left side view of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a right side view of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a sample piece in a fixed cutting and exploded state;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the sample piece in a fixed cutting and exploded state
FIG. 9 is a right side view of the sample piece in a fixed cut and exploded state;
FIG. 10 is a top view of the sample piece in a fixed cut and disassembled state;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of the operation of the soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester;
FIG. 12 is a graph of a first coupon test;
FIG. 13 is a graph of a second coupon test;
fig. 14 is a graph of a third coupon test.
Detailed Description
Example (b): a soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester comprises a rack 1, a sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2, a transverse driving device, a scalpel fixing mechanism 5, a vertical driving device, a scalpel puncturing force sensor 6, a scalpel puncturing force sensor 7, a scalpel puncturing soft tissue sensor 8 and a control processing module, wherein the sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2 can fix and position the sample piece 14, the scalpel fixing mechanism 5 can fixedly install a scalpel, the scalpel fixing mechanism 5 and the sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2 can be installed on the rack 1 in a vertical and transverse relative motion mode, the transverse driving device and the vertical driving device respectively drive the scalpel fixing mechanism 5 and the sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2 to move in the transverse and vertical relative motion mode, and the scalpel puncturing force sensor 6, the scalpel puncturing force sensor 7 and the scalpel puncturing soft tissue sensor 8 can respectively sense the force of the scalpel in the scalpel puncturing piece 14, The strength of the scalpel transversely cutting the sample piece 14 and the position of the scalpel for puncturing the sample piece 14 are respectively communicated with the control processing module through the force sensor 6 for puncturing the scalpel, the force sensor 7 for incising the scalpel and the soft tissue puncturing sensor 8 for puncturing the scalpel, the control processing module can analyze data files collected by the force sensor 6 for puncturing the scalpel and the force sensor 7 for incising the scalpel to obtain test data of the incising performance of the sample piece 14, and the control processing module controls the transverse driving device and the vertical driving device to start and stop movement.
The coupon 14 is a coupon of the soft tissue material being tested that is formed into a uniform, regular shape by existing forming processes for incisional testing. The shape and size requirements are: convenient clamping and forming, and the size is larger than the cutting stroke. Before testing, a sample sheet 14 is fixedly arranged on a sample sheet 14 fixing mechanism 2, a scalpel is fixedly arranged on a scalpel fixing mechanism 5, the scalpel is opposite to the incision position of the sample sheet 14, during testing, the scalpel descends to contact the sample sheet 14 in the vertical direction and punctures the sample sheet 14, during the period, a scalpel puncturing force sensor 6 is sensed to sense the stress of the scalpel in the soft tissue puncturing direction and transmit a signal to a control system, after the scalpel descends to puncture the soft tissue material sample sheet 14, the scalpel punctures a soft tissue sensor 8 to sense that the scalpel punctures the soft tissue, the scalpel punctures the soft tissue sensor 8 to transmit the signal to the control system, after receiving the signal, the control system controls the scalpel to convert the puncturing motion into the incision motion, the scalpel and the sample sheet 14 generate transverse opposite translation motion, and further cuts the sample sheet 14 into an incision with fixed length, and then the vertical driving device is controlled to lift the scalpel to return. In the process of transversely cutting the sample sheet 14, the force sensor 7 for incision of the scalpel senses the stress of the scalpel in the soft tissue incision direction, and transmits signals to the control processing module, the control processing module performs data analysis on the stress values sent by the sensor 8 for puncturing the soft tissue by the scalpel and the force sensor 7 for incision of the scalpel and obtains the incision performance parameters of the soft tissue material, and the parameters are dynamic parameter data obtained under the condition of simulating the real scene of the operation, so that the incision performance of the material can be more accurately and fully described.
The specimen piece 14 fixing mechanism 2 comprises a specimen piece 14 lower clamping plate 9, a specimen piece 14 upper clamping plate 10 and a clamping driving device, wherein the upper clamping plate can be arranged on the upper side of the lower clamping plate in a lifting motion, the clamping driving device drives the specimen piece 14 upper clamping plate 10 to move in a lifting motion to clamp the specimen piece 14 between the specimen piece 14 upper clamping plate 10 and the specimen piece 14 lower clamping plate 9, and the specimen piece 14 upper clamping plate 10 is provided with an avoiding hollow structure 11 for exposing a cut part of the specimen piece 14.
The method includes the steps of clamping a sample sheet 14 through an upper clamping plate 10 of the sample sheet 14 and a lower clamping plate 9 of the sample sheet 14 to achieve fixing and positioning of the sample sheet 14, extending a scalpel into a pierced sample sheet 14 along an avoiding hollow structure 11 on the upper clamping plate 10 of the sample sheet 14, transversely cutting the sample sheet 14, and forming a notch on the sample sheet 14, wherein the scalpel can be used for fixing the sample sheet 14 through other structures besides the structure fixing and positioning the sample sheet 14, for example, a plurality of through holes are formed in the sample sheet 14, the sample sheet 14 is fixed on a fixed plate through screws, or the sample sheet 14 is integrally formed on the surface of the plate, so that the sample sheet 14 is fixed and positioned, and meanwhile, the puncture and the cutting of the sample sheet 14 are not interfered by the scalpel.
The clamping driving device comprises studs 12 and locking nuts 13 which are fixedly installed on a sample piece lower clamping plate, through holes which correspond to the studs 12 on the sample piece 14 lower clamping plate 9 in a one-to-one mode are formed in a sample piece 14 upper clamping plate 10, the studs 12 penetrate through the through holes in the sample upper clamping plate and are finally in threaded connection with the locking nuts 13, the locking nuts 13 are tightly abutted to the surface of the sample piece upper clamping plate, the avoiding hollow-out structure 11 is a long strip-shaped structure corresponding to a notch in the sample piece 14, and the length of the long strip-shaped structure is larger than that of the notch. The clamping and positioning of the upper clamping plate 10 of the sample piece 14 and the lower clamping plate 9 of the sample piece 14 are realized by locking the locking nut 13 and the stud 12, besides, a structure that the stud 12 is matched with the locking nut 13 is adopted, a mode that the upper clamping plate 10 of the sample piece 14 is driven to ascend and descend by an air cylinder or a mode that the upper clamping plate 10 of the sample piece 14 is driven to ascend and descend by a motor through a screw-nut mechanism can be adopted, and the structure is an equivalent alternative structure which can be easily thought by a person skilled in the art, and belongs to the protection scope of the patent.
The horizontal driving device comprises a first motor 15, a first screw rod 16 and a first sliding block 17, the first sliding block 17 can be installed on the rack 1 in a horizontal plane in a sliding mode along a horizontal straight line, the first screw rod 16 is movably connected with the first sliding block 17 in a threaded mode, one end of the first screw rod 16 is connected with the power output end of the first motor 15, the sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the first sliding block 17, the vertical driving device comprises a second motor 18, a second screw rod 19 and a second sliding block 20, the second sliding block 20 can be installed on the rack 1 in a sliding mode along a vertical straight line, the second screw rod 19 is movably connected with the second sliding block 20 in a threaded mode, two ends of the second screw rod 19 are connected with the power output end of the second motor 18, and the scalpel fixing mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the second sliding block 20. The transverse driving device drives the first screw rod 16 to rotate through the first motor 15 so as to drive the sample piece 14 to move, and as the scalpel is transversely fixed, the scalpel and the sample piece 14 generate transverse relative motion to cut the sample piece 14 into a cut, in addition, the sample piece 14 can be fixed, the scalpel transversely moves, and in the test, when the cut is performed, the sample piece 14 is fixed, the scalpel moves, the scalpel is fixed, and the sample piece 14 moves equivalently. The vertical driving device drives the scalpel to move vertically through a second screw rod 19 by a second motor 18, so that the scalpel moves towards the direction of puncturing soft tissues, in the test, during puncturing action, a sample sheet 14 is fixed, the scalpel moves or is fixed, the sample sheet 14 moves equivalently, and the two methods can be interchanged, except that the motor and a screw rod sliding block mechanism are adopted to realize vertical and transverse movement, the motor can be adopted to drive a gear rack mechanism to realize, or the two methods are realized through cylinder telescopic movement, and the like.
The scalpel penetration sensor 6 is fixedly arranged on the first sliding block 17, the sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2 is fixedly arranged on the detection end of the scalpel penetration sensor 6, the scalpel incision sensor 7 is fixedly arranged on the second sliding block 20, and the scalpel fixing mechanism 5 is fixedly arranged on the detection end of the scalpel incision sensor 7. The first slide block 17 for installing the fixing mechanism 2 of the sample piece 14 is fixed on the scalpel puncturing force sensor 6, the scalpel can apply a downward force to the sample piece 14 when the scalpel contacts and punctures the sample piece 14, the puncturing force can be sensed on the scalpel puncturing force sensor 6 until the soft tissue sample piece 14 punctures, the scalpel fixing mechanism 5 for fixedly installing the scalpel is fixed on the second slide block 20, the second slide block 20 is fixed on the scalpel cutting force sensor 7, the scalpel 7 can sense a transverse resistance value in the transverse relative translation cutting process with the sample piece 14, namely, the scalpel cutting force value, the data tested by the testing method are accurate, in addition, the scalpel puncturing force sensor and the scalpel cutting force sensor 7 can also be installed at other positions, such as on a scalpel and the like, as long as force value data during the penetration and cutting of the scalpel can be obtained.
The second sliding block 20 is provided with a horizontal long hole 21 perpendicular to the extending direction of the opening on the sample sheet 14, the scalpel cutting force sensor 7 is provided with at least two threaded holes, the threaded holes are respectively screwed with bolts, each bolt can be slidably arranged in the horizontal long hole 21 on the second sliding block 20 in a penetrating way, and the head of each bolt is tightly abutted against the surface of one side of the second sliding block 20, which is opposite to the scalpel cutting force sensor 7. Through the structure, the scalpel can be finely adjusted along the width direction of the cut of the sample piece 14, so that the scalpel is just right opposite to the avoidance hollow structure 11 on the upper clamping plate 10 of the sample piece 14, and the dislocation cutting failure is avoided.
The rack 1 is further provided with a transverse linear guide 22 and a vertical linear guide 23, and the first sliding block 17 and the second sliding block 20 are respectively sleeved on the transverse linear guide 22 and the vertical linear guide 23 in a sliding manner. The first sliding block 17 and the second sliding block 20 are slidably guided through the linear guide rail, so that the condition that the sample piece 14 is pierced and the cutting process of the scalpel is not interfered is ensured, the detection is smooth, and meanwhile, the improvement of the detection precision is facilitated.
The scalpel includes blade 3 and handle of a knife 4, and blade 3 is fixed to be located on handle of a knife 4, 3 cutting parts of blade are circular structure, and handle of a knife 4 is slope form fixed mounting on scalpel fixed establishment 5 through the connecting piece. The blade 3 of the scalpel is used for cutting the soft tissue sample piece 14, and the blade 3 can be in a form of a blade part which is relatively commonly used in clinic. The blade part shape of the blade 3 selected in the test is selected to be circular rather than sharp as much as possible, when the sharp blade 3 is penetrated, the stress is concentrated too much, the size is slightly deviated, and the same sample is cut, so that the difference of test data is large. The scalpel handle 4 of the scalpel is the scalpel handle 4 for clinical use and is used for fixing the scalpel blade 3, and the fixed angle is the same as the clinical use scene. The scalpel handle 4 is fixed on the scalpel fixing mechanism 5, generally adopting a screw connection mode, if more than two connection threaded holes are arranged on the scalpel fixing mechanism 5, the corresponding through holes are arranged on the scalpel handle 4, the through holes are connected with the threaded holes through screws in a penetrating mode, the effect of fixing the scalpel handle 4 on the scalpel fixing mechanism 5 is realized, the through holes in the scalpel are arranged along the extending direction of the scalpel handle 4, the threaded holes extend along the inclined direction with an included angle in the vertical direction, therefore, the scalpel is fixed on the scalpel fixing mechanism 5 at the inclined angle same as the clinical use scene, and when cutting is carried out, certain included angle between the scalpel handle and the sample piece 14 is formed in the scalpel for cutting.
The control processing module comprises a controller, a storage card, a card reading module, a data analysis processing module and a display, the controller can receive data of the scalpel penetrating force sensor 6, the scalpel incision force sensor 7 and the scalpel penetrating soft tissue sensor 8, the data of the scalpel penetrating force sensor 6 and the scalpel incision force sensor 7 are stored on the storage card, the controller controls the transverse driving device and the vertical driving device to start and stop, the card reading module can read data stored in the storage card, the data analysis processing module can analyze the data read by the card reading module and draw a force curve graph, the display is in electric connection communication with the data analysis processing module, and the display can display the force curve graph. The controller records and stores stress data of the two sensors acquired in the relative movement process of the scalpel and the sample sheet 14 while controlling the vertical driving device and the horizontal driving device, and the data analysis module can be data analysis software which reads the data of the two stress sensors and draws two stress curves from puncture to incision. The data analysis software presets a number of characteristic parameters, which are considered to be possibly related to the slitting behaviour of the tested material, on the basis of the characteristics of the curve. The analysis software calculates characteristic values of each characteristic parameter from the curve data by mathematical tools, and the characteristic values are taken from the real puncturing and cutting processes, so that the cutting performance of the material can be described more accurately and repeatedly.
The specimen slice lower clamping plate 9 is made of a conductive material, the scalpel and the scalpel penetrate through the soft tissue sensor 8 and are electrically connected in series through a lead, the blade part of the scalpel can contact the specimen slice lower clamping plate after penetrating through soft tissue, so that the scalpel and the scalpel penetrate through the soft tissue sensor 8 and the lower clamping plate to form a series circuit, after the blade part of the scalpel penetrates through the soft tissue, the scalpel and the scalpel penetrate through the soft tissue sensor 8 and the lower clamping plate 9 to form a series circuit, the scalpel penetrates through the soft tissue sensor to form current, an electric signal is generated, and the fact that the scalpel penetrates through the soft tissue specimen slice 14 can be known, and in addition, the scalpel can penetrate through the soft tissue specimen slice 14 in other modes, such as a contact sensor and the like.
A test method for soft tissue material surgical incision performance comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the sample piece 14 on the lower clamping plate of the sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2;
step two: covering the upper clamping plate of the sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2 on the upper side of the sample piece 14;
step three: locking the locking nut 13 on the stud 12;
step four: fixedly mounting a new scalpel on the scalpel fixing mechanism 5;
step five: adjusting the height position of the scalpel to enable the scalpel to be close to the sample piece 14 but not to contact the sample piece 14;
step six: starting a controller program;
step seven: the vertical driving device drives the scalpel to move downwards to penetrate into the soft tissue sample piece 14, meanwhile, the scalpel penetrates through the soft tissue sensor 8 to sense the penetrating force used by the scalpel, and the penetrating force data is transmitted to the controller;
step eight: the scalpel puncture soft tissue sensor 8 senses that the sample piece 14 is punctured, the controller receives a signal sensed by the scalpel puncture soft tissue sensor 8 and controls the vertical driving device to stop running, and the vertical driving device moves in a reverse direction and lifts the scalpel up to a set height and stops moving, so that the scalpel is prevented from contacting with the sample piece 14 fixing mechanism 2 to wear the blade 3 during transverse cutting;
step nine: the transverse driving device is started, the scalpel transversely cuts the sample piece 14, the scalpel cutting force sensor 7 senses cutting force used by the scalpel and transmits cutting force data to the controller;
step ten: after the scalpel cuts the sample sheet 14 to a specified distance, the vertical driving device is started to drive the scalpel to lift up and return to the original position;
step eleven: the controller stores the data uploaded by the scalpel puncturing soft tissue sensor 8 and the scalpel incision force sensor 7 into the memory card, and the test operation is finished;
step twelve: inserting a memory card into a card reader, reading data in the memory card by the card reader, analyzing data files acquired by a scalpel puncture force sensor 6 and a scalpel cutting force sensor 7 by adopting data analysis software, drawing a curve graph, and displaying and outputting the curve graph by a display screen, wherein an X axis of the curve graph is the length of a moving path of the scalpel, a Y axis of the curve graph is stress data acquired by the scalpel puncture force sensor 6 and the scalpel cutting force sensor 7 respectively, namely two curves in the whole coordinate are divided into two time periods in sequence, the former time period is a stage that the scalpel punctures a soft tissue sample piece 14 from top to bottom, and the latter time period is a stage that the scalpel cuts the soft tissue sample piece 14 from left to right; the boundary of the two time periods is the time point when the surgical knife blade 3 just pierces the soft tissue sample sheet 14 and is sensed by the surgical knife piercing soft tissue sensor 8, and the stress curve (hereinafter referred to as piercing curve) of the surgical knife piercing force sensor 6 for sensing the piercing force of the surgical knife has the morphological characteristics that: during a first time period, as the scalpel penetrates the coupon 14, the curve data will rise at a faster rate until the coupon 14 is penetrated and peaks. Then the scalpel blade 3 is slightly lifted one step to relax, the stress data is reduced a little, then a second time period is entered, the scalpel blade 3 starts to move laterally, the stress of the scalpel penetration force sensor 6 in the direction is approximately constant, and therefore the curve data approximately keeps stable until the test is finished; the force sensor for scalpel cutting 7 that senses the force for scalpel cutting (hereinafter referred to as cutting curve) has the morphological characteristics that: in a first time period, the scalpel incision force sensor 7 is basically unstressed in the direction of puncturing the specimen slice 14 by the scalpel; after the scalpel pierces the sample piece 14, the scalpel enters a second time period, the scalpel starts to cut the soft tissue from left to right, and the scalpel cuts the force sensor 7 to start to bear force: because of the elasticity and tear resistance of the soft tissue material, the curve initially passes through a short low value, then the stress value gradually rises, after rising to a certain value, the rising speed slows down, and after reaching a certain high value, the curve generally stabilizes until the test is finished. We refer to the period from the beginning of the cut to the point where the parabolic curve reaches a high value and approximately begins to stabilize as the unstable cut period; the latter phase is referred to as the stable cut-off period. By analyzing the two data curves of various materials, the cutting performance characteristics of the materials cut by a scalpel can be obtained;
step thirteen: analyzing the two curve graphs, acquiring characteristic parameters for analyzing and evaluating the incision performance of the soft tissue materials by using a scalpel from the two curve graphs, forming the characteristic parameter values of each material into a vector set, comparing the vector sets of various materials, and calculating the difference degree or similarity degree of the incision performance of various materials.
In understanding the incisional properties of soft tissue, a simple description can be divided into two categories, difficult and easy to cut. But for the more detailed description of the feeling of the doctor, the difficulty in cutting is divided into the cases that the material is too hard and difficult to cut, the material has too good toughness or the material has too good tear resistance and is difficult to cut; easy cutting is also classified into the case where the strength of the material is too low and the material is cut well, the case where the material is too soft and the material is cut well, and the like. Specific details are deep within the material science level, and various explanations are also available.
By analyzing the two curves, the following parameters are set as characteristic parameters for analyzing and evaluating the incision performance of the soft tissue material by using the scalpel, and for various materials, the characteristic parameter values can be used for explaining whether the materials are really hard to cut or good to cut more carefully and intuitively. The characteristic parameter values of each material form a vector set, and by comparing the vector sets of various materials, the difference of the cutting performance of various materials can be analyzed and the similarity comparison of the cutting performance can be carried out. The method and algorithm for analyzing the difference of the slitting performance of various materials and comparing the similarity of the slitting performance according to the vector set formed by the characteristic parameter values of the various materials can be completed through software, and the details are not repeated here.
From the two curves we can obtain the following characteristic parameter values:
1. puncture maximum stress value: the peak value of the penetration curve is the larger value, which indicates that the material is difficult to penetrate;
2. the puncturing process does work: in the puncturing curve, the work is done in the whole puncturing process, and the larger the value is, the material is difficult to puncture;
3. the cutting process does work: namely, the work done in the whole cutting process in the cutting curve, the larger the value is, the material is difficult to cut,
4. stable incision force values: namely, the value of force applied to the starting point of stable cutting in the cutting curve, the larger the value, indicates that the material is difficult to cut,
5. stable incision starting position: the position of the path 3 of the scalpel blade at a stable incision point in the incision curve is larger, which indicates that the material has higher toughness and is not easy to incise;
6. the unstable cutting work is the work in the time period before the stable cutting point in the cutting curve, and the larger the value is, the larger the strength is, the difficulty in cutting is caused;
7. rate of start of incision: that is, in the cut-open curve, in the unstable cut-open period, according to the slope of the connection line of the specified starting point and end point of the upward-inclined ascending curve, the larger this value is, the larger this hardness is;
8. the ratio of unstable cutting work: in the incision curve, the ratio of 'unstable incision work' divided by 'incision process work' is larger, which indicates that the incision process is hindered in time and the resistance of the scalpel is larger;
9. unstable cut distance ratio: that is, in the incision curve, the larger the ratio of "unstable incision distance" divided by "total length of incision", the larger the obstruction of the incision process in time;
10. unstable work ratio/distance ratio: that is, in the cutting curve, the ratio of "unstable cutting work to" divided by "unstable cutting distance to" is relatively large for a large material that has been considered to have a relatively large cutting resistance, which indicates that the reason for the large resistance is mainly because the material strength is relatively high; if this ratio is small, it is mainly because the material toughness is good;
because the information in the graph is much, a data analyst can search out new characteristics related to the puncturing and cutting performance through own analysis, and then calculate and set new parameters. The puncture and incision curve chart can be said to be a fingerprint chart reflecting the incision performance of the soft tissue material. This is particularly useful for the analysis of the cut properties of those heterogeneous materials.
For each characteristic parameter value obtained in the test of a certain material, a vector set is formed. The data analyst may also add to this collection the values of characteristic parameters obtained from conventional test trials, such as hardness, tensile strength, etc., that are believed to be related to the material's cut properties. A more comprehensive comparison of the similarity of the slitting properties between the materials can thus be developed.
Three common materials that may be used to simulate soft tissue are tested by creating a sample.
First coupon: a polycondensation type room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber product;
second coupon: an addition type room temperature vulcanized liquid silicone rubber product;
third test piece: a thermoplastic elastomer article;
use the utility model discloses a tester and test method test, obtain test data to give the test result. And the slitting performance of the test pieces of the three materials were compared.
1. The blade of the scalpel adopts a small round blade 15c commonly used in dental surgery;
2. the inclined included angle between the axial direction of the blade and the plane of the sample sheet is 65 degrees;
3. the thickness of the sample pieces is uniformly 2mm, and the width and the height of the sample pieces are about 40mm x 40 mm;
4. the moving speed of the scalpel is 4.5 mm/s;
5. the stepping distance when the scalpel vertically penetrates downwards is 0.05 mm;
6. the lifting distance of the scalpel after puncturing the sample piece is 0.05 mm;
7. the stepping distance of the scalpel when horizontally incising is 0.2 mm;
8. the horizontal incision distance of the scalpel is 20 mm;
9. since the hardness of the material has a relatively large influence on the hand feeling of a doctor and the hardness value is relatively easily measured by a hardness meter, the hardness of each sample piece is also measured as one of the parameters describing the slitting performance.
The curve data obtained by the test instrument and method of the present invention through the data analysis software drawing is shown in fig. 12-14.
Data for each characteristic parameter summarized by the three test specimen curves:
as seen from the curve data:
1. from the perspective of puncture force and work, the sample sheet I is most easily punctured, and the sample sheet III is most difficult to puncture;
2. from the perspective of cutting stress and work, the sample sheet I is most easily cut, and the sample sheet III is most difficult to cut;
3. the sample piece has a relatively high hardness, as seen from the rate of initiation of the slitting alone. The sample is opened by force and work, and the sample is very easy to pierce and cut, which indicates that the sample is a hard and brittle soft tissue material;
4. in view of combining the starting rate of the cutting and the stable starting position of the cutting, the sample piece had a very good toughness, though the three hardness was not high. The second sample has certain toughness relative to the first sample, and is cut relatively well relative to the third sample;
5. when the proportion of unstable cutting work, the proportion of unstable cutting distance and the proportion of unstable work/distance are combined, the first sample is very easy to cut, so that time and labor are saved. And the sample III is very difficult to cut, so that the sample is time-consuming and labor-consuming. The cut performance of sample two was centered.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a soft tissue material operation incision capability test appearance which characterized in that: the device comprises a rack (1), a test piece fixing mechanism (2), a transverse driving device, a scalpel fixing mechanism (5), a vertical driving device, a scalpel puncturing force sensor (6), a scalpel incision force sensor (7), a scalpel puncturing soft tissue sensor (8) and a control processing module, wherein the test piece fixing mechanism can fix and position a test piece, the scalpel fixing mechanism can fixedly install the scalpel, the scalpel fixing mechanism and the test piece fixing mechanism can be installed on the rack in a vertical and transverse relative motion manner, the transverse driving device and the vertical driving device respectively drive the scalpel fixing mechanism and the test piece fixing mechanism to move in a transverse and vertical relative motion manner, the scalpel puncturing force sensor, the scalpel incision force sensor and the scalpel puncturing soft tissue sensor can respectively sense the force of the scalpel puncturing the test piece, The strength of scalpel crosscut sample piece and the position that the scalpel punctured the sample piece, scalpel puncture sensor, scalpel cut sensor and scalpel puncture soft tissue sensor communicate with control processing module electric connection respectively, control processing module can be to scalpel puncture sensor and scalpel cut the data file that sensor gathered with force and analyze and obtain sample piece and open performance test data, control processing module control horizontal drive arrangement and vertical drive arrangement and open and stop the motion.
2. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 1, wherein: the specimen slice fixing mechanism comprises a specimen slice lower clamping plate (9), a specimen slice upper clamping plate (10) and a clamping driving device, the upper clamping plate can be arranged on the upper side of the lower clamping plate in a lifting motion mode, the clamping driving device drives the specimen slice upper clamping plate to move in a lifting motion mode to clamp a specimen slice between the specimen slice upper clamping plate and the specimen slice lower clamping plate, and an avoiding hollow structure (11) for exposing a cut part of the specimen slice is arranged on the specimen slice upper clamping plate.
3. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 2, wherein: the clamping driving device comprises studs (12) and locking nuts (13) which are fixedly installed on the sample piece lower clamping plate, through holes which correspond to the studs on the sample piece lower clamping plate in a one-to-one mode are formed in the sample piece upper clamping plate, the studs penetrate through the through holes in the sample upper clamping plate and are finally in threaded connection with the locking nuts, the locking nuts tightly support the surface of the sample piece upper clamping plate, the avoiding hollowed-out structure is a long strip-shaped structure corresponding to the notches on the sample piece (14), and the length of the long strip-shaped structure is larger than that of the notches.
4. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the horizontal driving device comprises a first motor (15), a first screw rod (16) and a first sliding block (17), the first sliding block can be installed on the rack in a horizontal plane in a sliding mode along a horizontal straight line, the first screw rod is movably connected with the first sliding block in a threaded mode, one end of the first screw rod is connected with the power output end of the first motor, a sample piece fixing mechanism is fixedly installed on the first sliding block, the vertical driving device comprises a second motor (18), a second screw rod (19) and a second sliding block (20), the second sliding block can be installed on the rack in a sliding mode along a vertical straight line, the second screw rod is movably connected with the second sliding block in a threaded mode, two ends of the second screw rod are connected with the power output end of the second motor, and a scalpel fixing mechanism is fixedly installed on the second sliding block.
5. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 4, wherein: the scalpel puncturing force sensor is fixedly arranged on the first sliding block, the sample piece fixing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the detection end of the scalpel puncturing force sensor, the scalpel cutting force sensor is fixedly arranged on the second sliding block, and the scalpel fixing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the detection end of the scalpel cutting force sensor.
6. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 5, wherein: the second slider is provided with a horizontal long hole (21) vertical to the extension direction of the notch on the sample piece, the scalpel is provided with at least two threaded holes on the force sensor for incision, the threaded holes are respectively screwed with bolts, each bolt can be slidably arranged in the horizontal long hole on the second slider in a penetrating way, and the head of each bolt tightly supports the second slider and faces away from the scalpel on the surface of the upper side of the force sensor for incision.
7. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 4, wherein: the rack is also provided with a transverse linear guide rail (22) and a vertical linear guide rail (23), and the first sliding block and the second sliding block can be respectively sleeved on the transverse linear guide rail and the vertical linear guide rail in a sliding manner.
8. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 1, wherein: the scalpel comprises a blade (3) and a scalpel handle (4), wherein the blade is fixedly arranged on the scalpel handle, the blade part of the blade is of a circular structure, and the scalpel handle is fixedly arranged on a scalpel fixing mechanism in an inclined manner through a connecting piece.
9. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 1, wherein: the control processing module comprises a controller, a storage card, a card reading module, a data analysis processing module and a display, the controller can receive data of the scalpel penetration force sensor, the scalpel cutting force sensor and the scalpel penetration soft tissue sensor, the data of the scalpel penetration force sensor and the scalpel cutting force sensor are stored on the storage card, the controller controls the transverse driving device and the vertical driving device to start and stop, the card reading module can read data stored in the storage card, the data analysis processing module can analyze the data read by the card reading module and draw a force curve graph, the display is in electric connection communication with the data analysis processing module, and the display can display the force curve graph.
10. The soft tissue material surgical incision performance tester of claim 2, wherein: the specimen slice lower clamping plate is made of a conductive material, the scalpel and the scalpel penetrate through the soft tissue sensor and are electrically connected in series through a lead, and the cutting part of the scalpel can contact the specimen slice lower clamping plate after penetrating through the soft tissue, so that the scalpel and the scalpel penetrate through the soft tissue sensor and the lower clamping plate to form a series circuit.
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