CN215293540U

CN215293540U - Engineering vehicle gear shifting device with buffer mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN215293540U
Application number: CN202120869830.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王晓东; 徐梓鸿; 张九龙; 周斌
Original assignee: XIANJU COUNTY JULI MACHINERY PLANT
Current assignee: XIANJU COUNTY JULI MACHINERY PLANT
Priority date: 2021-04-26
Filing date: 2021-04-26
Publication date: 2021-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-26

Abstract

The utility model provides an engineering vehicle gearshift with buffer gear, which comprises a valve body, be equipped with the oil inlet in the valve body, the oil-out, the oil inlet, be equipped with the intercommunication between the oil-out and say, the one end that the intercommunication was said runs through the valve body surface, the intercommunication is said and is equipped with the piston rod, the piston rod is equipped with the logical oil duct that can make oil inlet or oil-out intercommunication, be equipped with the control lever on the piston rod, the diameter of control lever is less than the diameter of piston rod, the valve body surface is equipped with the control cover, be equipped with the blind hole in the control cover, the control lever has cup jointed control spring, control spring's one end butt is on the terminal surface of piston rod, control spring's other end butt is on the bottom surface of blind hole, be equipped with the microchannel at intercommunication oil inlet both ends on the piston rod. Because the utility model discloses a gearshift has set up this buffer gear, can prolong engineering vehicle power transmission mechanism part the life, improve engineering vehicle driving's travelling comfort and nature controlled.

Description

Engineering vehicle gear shifting device with buffer mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a buffer gear, more specifically say, the utility model relates to a buffer gear for engineering vehicle gearshift.

Background

The engineering vehicle needs to be frequently switched between forward movement and backward movement during working, the engineering vehicle in the prior art has the following defects during switching between the forward movement and the backward movement, the vehicle rises sharply and generates larger impact noise, and the two defects seriously affect the service life of a power transmission mechanism part of the engineering vehicle and the driving comfort and the controllability of a driver of the engineering vehicle.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the utility model discloses the technical problem that needs to solve is: the buffer mechanism of the gear shifting device can prolong the service life of the power transmission mechanism part of the engineering vehicle and improve the driving comfort and the controllability of the engineering vehicle.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that prior art exists the problem is: an engineering vehicle gear shifting device with a buffer mechanism comprises a valve body of the gear shifting device, wherein an oil inlet, an oil outlet and a switching valve are arranged in the valve body, one end of the oil inlet is communicated with one end of the oil outlet through the switching valve, the other end of the oil inlet is connected with a hydraulic pump for outputting high-pressure hydraulic oil by an engineering vehicle, the other end of the oil outlet is connected with a clutch in the gear shifting device, a communicating channel is further arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, one end, close to the outer surface of the valve body, of the communicating channel extends outwards and penetrates through the outer surface of the valve body, a piston rod capable of sliding back and forth along the communicating channel is arranged in the communicating channel, an oil passage capable of communicating two ends of the oil inlet or the oil outlet is arranged at the position of the oil inlet or the oil outlet, and a control rod is arranged on the piston rod in the same direction of the extending direction of the communicating channel, the diameter of the control rod is smaller than that of the piston rod, a control cover is arranged on the position of the communication channel on the outer surface of the valve body, a blind hole is formed in the control cover, a control spring is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the control rod, one end of the control spring abuts against the end face, facing one side of the control spring, of the piston rod, the other end of the control spring abuts against the bottom face of the blind hole, and a micro channel communicated with the two ends of the oil inlet or the oil outlet is formed in the piston rod or the valve body.

It is known that the power transmission mechanism of a working vehicle generally comprises a clutch, a gearbox, a universal transmission device, a main reduction box, a differential mechanism, a half shaft and the like, and the function of the gear shifting device is completed by the cooperation of the clutch and the gearbox. The inventor thinks after careful study that the quick on-off of the electromagnetic valve enables the two friction plates to be instantly finished from zero load in a separation state to full load in an engagement state, the engineering vehicle is suddenly started from a stop state to enter a forward or backward state, so that violent cocking is generated, and a meshing gear of a gearbox also instantly reaches the full load from the zero load, thereby generating larger impact noise. These two problems with prior art work vehicles have a serious impact on the service life of the power transmission parts and the driving comfort and handling of the work vehicle driver.

The working process of the clutch and the gearbox in the engineering vehicle is as follows: when the engineering vehicle is in a stop state, the two friction plates are in a separation state, the oil pressure of the oil outlet is zero, when the engineering vehicle needs to be started, the first electromagnetic valve is started, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the oil outlet from the oil inlet through the electromagnetic valve, when the oil pressure of the oil outlet rises to overcome the resistance generated by the movement of the friction plates, the two friction plates are pushed to approach, when two friction plates touch, the friction plates are blocked and do not move any more, the oil pressure of the oil outlet can continuously rise until reaching the rated oil pressure, in the process of continuously rising the oil pressure, the two friction plates are pushed to generate mutual extrusion force so as to generate friction force capable of transmitting power torque, when the friction force is large enough to overcome the critical resistance generated when the engineering vehicle is about to start, the power torque transmitted by the two friction plates starts to push the meshing gear in the gearbox to rotate, and the engineering vehicle starts to move and gradually accelerates.

Therefore, the utility model discloses a set up buffer gear between oil inlet and oil-out, the oil duct that leads to in the buffer gear can set up at the oil-out, also can set up at the oil inlet, in order to improve the feedback sensitivity of buffer gear to the oil pressure rising, the preference sets up the oil duct that leads to at the oil inlet, and sets up the pretightning force of the control spring in the buffer gear as the driving force that the required oil pressure of critical resistance that needs to be overcome when the engineering vehicle is about to start promotes the terminal surface production that the piston rod kept away from control spring one side; the switching valve can be a cylinder valve and also can be an electromagnetic valve, and the utility model discloses preferred is the electromagnetic valve. When the engineering vehicle needs to be started, a driver of the engineering vehicle firstly selects a forward gear or a backward gear of the clutch to engage according to engineering needs, then opens a solenoid valve switch, a valve core on the solenoid valve moves, a through hole on the valve core enables an oil inlet of a valve body to be communicated with an oil outlet, high-pressure hydraulic oil in an oil pump continuously enters the oil outlet from the oil inlet through the valve core, the oil pressure of the oil outlet starts to build and gradually rises, when the oil pressure of the oil outlet reaches and exceeds the resistance which can be overcome by the movement of the friction plates, the friction plates start to move, the distance between the two friction plates gradually decreases, after the two friction plates are contacted, the friction plates do not move any more, the oil pressure continues to rise along with the continuous input of the high-pressure hydraulic oil, the power is transmitted between the two friction plates, and when the power transmitted between the friction plates is large enough to overcome the resistance which can be overcome by the starting of the engineering vehicle, the engineering vehicle starts, at the moment, the driving force generated by the oil pressure of the oil outlet on the end face of the piston rod, which is far away from the control spring, is equal to the pretightening force of the control spring, along with the further rising of the oil pressure of the oil outlet, the driving force generated by the oil pressure of the oil outlet on the end face of the piston rod, which is far away from the control spring, is larger than the pretightening force of the control spring, the oil outlet starts to drive the piston rod to move towards one side of the control spring, the oil passage on the piston rod starts to enter the communicating channel, the flow of high-pressure hydraulic oil in the oil passage starts to decrease, so that the rising speed of the oil pressure of the oil outlet is gradually slowed down, when the moving speed of the engineering vehicle is accelerated to a rated value, the driving force generated by the oil pressure of the oil outlet on the end face of the piston rod, which is far away from the control spring, just pushes all the oil passages on the piston rod into the communicating channel, at the moment, the microchannel on the piston rod is at the position of the oil inlet, the flow of the high-pressure hydraulic oil of the oil inlet through the micro channel is equal to the pressure maintaining flow of the oil outlet, so that the stable operation of the engineering vehicle during advancing or retreating can be ensured, and the energy is saved. The utility model discloses a gearshift controls the flow of high-pressure hydraulic oil through ingenious this buffer gear that sets up, the oil pressure rises fast before ensureing that the engineering vehicle starts, oil pressure rising speed slows down gradually after starting, reach the rated value until engineering vehicle speed, the quick start that both can guarantee engineering vehicle like this, can make again that engineering vehicle starts with higher speed smooth and gentle, it is violent to start to erect in order to avoid engineering vehicle among the prior art, send great noise impact, thereby improve engineering vehicle driver's driving comfort and nature controlled, can reduce drive mechanism's impact stress simultaneously again, the life of extension engineering vehicle power transmission mechanism part. The utility model discloses a microchannel can set up on the valve body, also can set up on the piston, the utility model discloses preferred setting is on the piston, the utility model discloses well microchannel set up the manufacturing degree of difficulty and the manufacturing cost that can reduce control spring by a wide margin.

Preferably, the oil passage is an annular groove on the outer surface of the piston rod. The oil duct both can be the radial through-hole that sets up on the piston rod, also can be the annular groove that sets up on the piston rod surface, the utility model discloses preferably annular groove makes things convenient for machining, reduces manufacturing cost.

Preferably, the micro-channel is an annular groove on the outer surface of the piston rod, and the annular groove is located on one side of the annular groove, which is far away from the spring. The microchannel both can be the radial through-hole that sets up on the piston rod, also can be the oil through hole that sets up on the valve body, also can be the annular groove that sets up on the piston rod surface, the utility model discloses preferred sets up annular groove on the piston rod surface, makes things convenient for machining, reduces manufacturing cost.

Preferably, a diameter of an end of the communication passage opposite to an extending direction of the communication passage is smaller than a diameter of the communication passage. So that a step surface is generated in the communicating channel, and the positioning of the piston rod and the presetting of the control spring pretightening force are facilitated.

Preferably, the diameter of the blind hole is smaller than that of the communication channel. This creates a stepped surface to ensure that the control spring is not over-compressed by the piston rod and fails.

Has the advantages that: because the utility model discloses a gearshift is provided with buffer gear, buffer gear through ingenious setting controls the flow of high-pressure hydraulic oil, the oil pressure rises fast before ensureing the engineering vehicle start, oil pressure rising speed slows down gradually after the start, reach the rated value until engineering vehicle speed, the quick start that both can guarantee engineering vehicle like this, can make engineering vehicle start back smooth and gentle with higher speed again, it is violent to rise to work with great in order to avoid engineering vehicle to start among the prior art, send great impulsive noise, thereby improve engineering vehicle driver's driving comfort and the nature controlled, can reduce drive mechanism's impact stress simultaneously again, prolong the life of engineering vehicle power transmission mechanism part.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion R of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the M-section in FIG. 3

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the piston rod according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1: valve body, 2: electromagnetic valve, 3: piston rod, 4: oil inlet, 5: oil outlet, 6: annular groove, 7: annular groove, 8: control spring, 9: control lever, 10: retainer ring, 11: seal ring, 12: adjustment shaft, 13: strip-shaped groove, 14: adjusting member, 15: threaded shaft, 16: baffle, 17: control cover, 18: communication passage, 19: and (4) blind holes.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Example (b): a gear shifting device with a buffer mechanism for an engineering vehicle is shown in the figure, and comprises a valve body 1 of the gear shifting device, wherein an oil inlet 4, an oil outlet 5 and a solenoid valve 2 are arranged in the valve body 1, the oil inlet 4 and the oil outlet 5 are arranged in parallel and are connected with the solenoid valve 2, in order to improve the feedback sensitivity of the buffer mechanism to the rise of oil pressure, the oil inlet 4 is arranged at one side close to the outer surface of the valve body 1, the solenoid valve 2 controls the on-off of the oil inlet 4 and the oil outlet 5 by pushing and pulling a valve core to move a channel position arranged on the valve core, a communication channel 18 is also arranged between the oil inlet 4 and the oil outlet 5, one end, close to the outer surface of the valve body 1, of the communication channel 18 extends outwards and penetrates through the outer surface of the valve body 1, and the diameter of the end, opposite to the extending direction of the communication channel 18, is smaller than that of the communication channel 18, a piston rod 3 capable of sliding back and forth along the communication channel 18 is arranged in the communication channel 18, an annular groove 6 capable of enabling the oil inlet 4 and the oil outlet 5 to be communicated is arranged at the position of the oil inlet 4 of the piston rod 3, an annular groove 7 is arranged on one side, close to the oil outlet, of the annular groove 6, when the annular groove 6 is completely positioned in the oil inlet 4, the flow rate of high-pressure hydraulic oil between the oil inlet 4 and the oil outlet 5 is the largest, when the annular groove 6 is completely separated from the oil inlet 4, the annular groove 7 just completely enters the oil inlet 4, at the moment, the flow rate of the high-pressure hydraulic oil between the oil inlet 4 and the oil outlet 5 is the smallest and equal to the internal leakage rate of the gear shifting device, stable pressure maintaining in the gear shifting device is facilitated, a control rod 9 is arranged in the same direction of the extension direction of the communication channel 18 of the piston rod 3, and the diameter of the control rod 9 is smaller than that of the piston rod 3, a control cover 17 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the valve body 1 at the position of the communication channel 18, a blind hole 19 with a diameter smaller than that of the communication channel 18 is arranged in the control cover 17, a baffle 16 and an adjusting piece 14 are arranged in the blind hole 19, the adjusting piece 14 is positioned between the bottom surface of the blind hole 19 and the baffle 16, an adjusting shaft 12 is arranged on one side of the adjusting piece 14 facing the bottom surface of the blind hole 19, the adjusting shaft 12 penetrates through the control cover 17, a threaded shaft 15 is arranged on one side of the adjusting piece 14 facing the baffle 16, the baffle 16 is screwed on the threaded shaft 15, a sealing ring 11 is sleeved in the blind hole 19 of the adjusting shaft 12, a check ring 10 with a diameter larger than that of the adjusting shaft 12 is arranged in the adjusting shaft 12, the check ring 10 is abutted against the bottom surface of the blind hole 19 through the sealing ring 11, and a strip-shaped groove 13 capable of rotating the threaded shaft 15 is arranged at the end part of the adjusting shaft 12 facing the outside, the outer peripheral surface of the control rod 9 is sleeved with a control spring 8, one end of the control spring 8 abuts against the end surface of the piston rod 3 facing to the control spring 8, and the other end of the control spring 8 abuts against the baffle 16.

In this embodiment, a baffle plate with an adjustable axial position relative to the blind hole is arranged in the blind hole, and the other end of the control spring abuts against the baffle plate. The purpose of doing so is that we know from gearshift's work flow and principle analysis, the utility model discloses control spring's pretightning force optimum is that the required oil pressure of critical resistance that needs to overcome when being about to start with engineering vehicle promotes the piston rod and keeps away from the produced driving force of terminal surface of control spring one side equal, if control spring's pretightning force undersize, can lead to engineering vehicle's start slow and influence work efficiency's improvement, if control spring's pretightning force is too big, can lead to engineering vehicle to start too fast and the vehicle phenomenon and the great noise of towering appear. As known from the calculation formula of the spring force, the spring force of the spring is the elastic coefficient K multiplied by the amount of deformation. The elastic coefficient K is related to the diameter of the spring, the wire diameter of the spring, the material of the spring, the effective number of turns of the spring and other factors which are difficult to be controlled completely and accurately, so that the elastic coefficients of the spring are difficult to be equal and meet the specified requirements. In order to further reduce the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost of the control spring, the pretightening force of the control spring is required to be adjusted through the deformation quantity. The utility model discloses set up axial position adjustable baffle, be favorable to predetermineeing of control spring pretightning force, the oil pressure of oil-out when ensureing that the engineering vehicle is about to start keeps away from the thrust that the terminal surface of control spring one side produced to the piston rod equals with control spring's pretightning force.

In this embodiment will the blind hole is interior blind hole bottom surface with be equipped with the regulating part between the baffle, the regulating part orientation blind hole bottom surface one side is equipped with the regulating spindle, the regulating spindle runs through the control cover, the regulating part orientation one side of baffle is equipped with the screw thread axle, the baffle spiro union is in on the screw thread axle, the tip of regulating spindle one end outwards is equipped with and makes the rotatory revolution mechanic of screw thread axle. The revolution mechanic can be twist grip, also can be square head structure, also can be strip recess or cross recess, the utility model discloses preferred is strip recess. Therefore, when the axial position of the baffle in the blind hole needs to be adjusted, the threaded shaft can be conveniently rotated by a straight screwdriver, and the most suitable axial position of the baffle in the blind hole is adjusted.

The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Details not described in the present specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A gear shifting device with a buffer mechanism for an engineering vehicle comprises a valve body of the gear shifting device, wherein an oil inlet, an oil outlet and a switching valve are arranged in the valve body, one end of the oil inlet is communicated with one end of the oil outlet through the switching valve, the other end of the oil inlet is connected with a hydraulic pump for outputting high-pressure hydraulic oil by the engineering vehicle, and the other end of the oil outlet is connected with a clutch in the gear shifting device, and the gear shifting device is characterized in that a communication channel is also arranged between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, one end, close to the outer surface of the valve body, of the communication channel extends outwards and penetrates through the outer surface of the valve body, a piston rod capable of sliding back and forth along the communication channel is arranged in the communication channel, an oil passage capable of communicating two ends of the oil inlet or the oil outlet is arranged at the position of the oil inlet or the oil outlet, and a control rod is arranged on the piston rod in the same direction of the extending direction of the communication channel, the diameter of the control rod is smaller than that of the piston rod, a control cover is arranged on the position of the communication channel on the outer surface of the valve body, a blind hole is formed in the control cover, a control spring is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the control rod, one end of the control spring abuts against the end face, facing one side of the control spring, of the piston rod, the other end of the control spring abuts against the bottom face of the blind hole, and a micro channel communicated with the two ends of the oil inlet or the oil outlet is formed in the piston rod or the valve body.

2. The work vehicle shifting apparatus with a damping mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the oil passage is an annular groove in an outer surface of the piston rod.

3. The work vehicle shift device with a damping mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the micro channel is an annular groove in the outer surface of the piston rod, the annular groove being located on a side of the annular groove away from the spring.

4. The work vehicle shift device with the damping mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a diameter of an end of the communication passage opposite to an extending direction of the communication passage is smaller than a diameter of the communication passage.

5. The work vehicle shifting apparatus with a damping mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the diameter of the blind hole is smaller than the diameter of the communication passage.