CN215280320U - Arc welding equipment - Google Patents
Arc welding equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN215280320U CN215280320U CN202120700439.0U CN202120700439U CN215280320U CN 215280320 U CN215280320 U CN 215280320U CN 202120700439 U CN202120700439 U CN 202120700439U CN 215280320 U CN215280320 U CN 215280320U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an arc welding equipment, include: the welding gun includes: welding a power supply electrode connecting piece; the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece is a hollow cylindrical body, and one end of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece is connected with the rotating mechanism and is used for welding a power supply electrode connecting piece; the welding rod is a hollow cylindrical body, and one end of the welding rod is coaxially connected to the other end of the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece; the arc-shaped bending welding tip is a hollow cylindrical body formed by connecting a straight line section and a bending section, and the straight line section is connected with the other end of the welding rod; the welding wire sequentially passes through the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece, the welding rod and the arc-shaped bent welding nozzle. The utility model discloses a control welder center removes and rotates along the welding seam center, makes the electric arc center according to the removal of predetermined control at the both sides wall, accomplishes the welding of whole welding seam. The welding tip adopts the arc bending design, and the welding rod is far away from an arc area and a molten pool area, is influenced by arc heat little, has small abrasion loss and thermal deformation, has more stable wire outlet angle, is convenient for the movement and accurate control of a welding gun molten pool point in the welding process, and greatly prolongs the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of welding technique, specifically speaking relates to an arc welding equipment.
Background
The existing narrow-gap side wall fusion technology is widely applied to the field of gas shielded welding, and the self-shielded flux-cored wire has the advantages of excellent wind resistance, simplicity and convenience in operation and wide application in field welding operation.
When the self-shielded flux-cored wire is used for automatically welding the thick plate, due to the existence of welding slag, flux coatings and the like in the welding process, the automatic control difficulty is high, the research and development and the application of the narrow gap welding field are less, and the method mostly exists in a manual welding mode. In the thick plate welding occasion, in order to ensure the welding quality and the weld joint formation, the end face of the workpiece needs to be provided with a groove with a certain angle, so that the construction process difficulty is increased, and the welding efficiency is reduced. For example, in the field pipeline welding at present, the end face is mostly in a beveled form. In some scenes of field welding application, usually, very high requirements are required on welding time and limited by construction conditions, and a certain angle is difficult to process on the end face of a workpiece, for example, when steel rail repair welding is carried out on a railway line, because skylight points are short, the requirement on welding time is very strict, because the height dimension of the section of the steel rail is more than 140mm, the groove with a certain angle processed on the end face not only needs more operation time and processing equipment, but also increases the area of a welding seam, therefore, in order to improve the welding efficiency, a thick plate narrow gap welding technology with a flat end face is needed when self-protection flux-cored wire arc welding is carried out.
In the self-shielded flux-cored wire flat end surface narrow gap welding operation, in order to ensure the fusion amount in the welding process of the flat end surface of the workpiece, the wire outlet point of a welding gun should be as close to the flat end surface of the workpiece as possible, so that an electric arc molten pool is formed by the welding wire and the flat end surface of the workpiece, and the welding is realized; meanwhile, the minimum principle of electric arc is considered, the welding rod and the flat end face of the workpiece need to have a certain distance, so that the welding rod is guaranteed not to be subjected to arc striking with the flat end face except the welding wire point, the position of the welding wire extending out of a welding gun needs to be strictly controlled, the precise control of fusion of the narrow-gap side wall is achieved, and the fact that coating and welding slag do not have more influence on deposited metal is guaranteed. In the manual electric arc welding of the self-protection flux-cored wire, the welding of the side wall is realized by manually inclining the angle of the welding gun, so that the defects of low welding seam precision, low welding efficiency, high labor intensity and the like are caused.
Therefore, in the technology of welding the flat end face and the narrow gap of the self-shielded flux-cored wire, the design of a welding gun is one of the key technologies. In the automatic welding process of the narrow-gap flat end surface of the self-shielded flux-cored wire, in order to ensure the fusion welding of the side wall of the narrow gap, the wire outlet point of the welding wire needs to be eccentric with a certain angle with the rotation center of a welding gun. The existing self-protection flux-cored wire welding gun adopts a mode of eccentrically processing the end part of a wire outlet point of the welding gun, although the welding gun is convenient to process and use and accurate in control of the initial wire outlet point, the eccentric position is too close to an arc area in the welding process, the welding gun has large thermal deformation and rapid abrasion, the consistency of the wire outlet angle cannot be ensured, particularly, in the long-time welding of a thick plate, the service life of the welding gun is short, and even the welding gun needs to be replaced in the welding process, so that the repeatability of the welding process and the quality of a joint after welding are influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the above problem, the utility model provides an arc welding device, include:
a welding gun, the welding gun comprising:
one end of the welding power supply electrode connecting piece is connected with an electrode of a welding power supply, and the other end of the welding power supply electrode connecting piece is connected with a welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece;
the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece is a hollow cylindrical body, and one end of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece is connected with the rotating mechanism;
the welding rod is a hollow cylindrical body, and one end of the welding rod is coaxially connected to the other end of the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece;
the arc-shaped bending welding tip is a hollow cylindrical body formed by connecting a straight line section and a bending section, and the straight line section is connected with the other end of the welding rod.
Optionally, the swing mechanism comprises:
a first motor, a driving gear, a driven gear,
the output shaft of the first motor is coaxially connected with the driving gear, the driven gear is meshed with the gear teeth of the driving gear, and the driven gear is coaxially connected with the welding gun rotation mechanism connecting piece, so that the welding gun can be driven to rotate.
Optionally, the width adjustment mechanism comprises:
a second motor, the axis of which is horizontally arranged, the output shaft of which is coaxially connected with the transmission screw rod,
the axial direction of the transmission screw is vertical to the side wall of the welding seam, the swing mechanism is fixedly connected with a nut screwed on the transmission screw,
the nut is connected with the sliding rail in a sliding mode.
Optionally, a pressing fixed block is further arranged, the pressing fixed block is provided with a central hole, the pressing fixed block penetrates into the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece from the side wall of one side of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece, the upper end of the welding rod penetrates into the hollow cavity of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece and penetrates through the central hole, and the fastening screw screwed into the other side wall of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece abuts against the pressing fixed block, so that the central hole of the pressing fixed block pushes the welding rod to abut against the side wall of the hollow cavity, and the position of the welding rod is fixed.
Optionally, the welding gun slewing mechanism connector is conductively connected with the welding power supply electrode through a copper braided belt.
Optionally, at least one of the pressing fixed block, the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece, the copper braided belt and the welding power supply electrode is made of brass materials.
Optionally, the straight line section is in threaded connection with the other end of the welding rod.
Optionally, the other end of the welding rod is connected with the external thread of the straight line section of the welding tip through an internal thread.
Optionally, the welding rod is made of chromium zirconium copper or brass; the welding tip is made of chromium zirconium copper material.
Optionally, the welding wire sequentially passes through the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece, the welding rod and the arc-shaped bent welding nozzle and extends out, the angle α between the projection of the welding wire in the welding seam width projection plane and the side wall ranges from 9 degrees to 45 degrees, and the angle β between the projection of the welding wire in the horizontal projection plane and the side wall ranges from 35 degrees to 90 degrees.
The utility model discloses a welding nozzle adopts the crooked design of arc, guarantees that welding wire silk point and welder's centre of gyration have certain distance. Compared with the existing eccentric welding nozzle, the welding rod is far away from an arc area and a molten pool area, is hardly influenced by arc heat, has small abrasion loss and thermal deformation, is more stable in wire outlet angle, is convenient for movement and accurate control of a welding gun molten pool point in the welding process, and greatly prolongs the service life. Practice shows that the existing eccentric welding nozzle usually needs to be replaced after 15 minutes of continuous welding, while the welding gun of the application can still meet the process requirements when continuously welding for 10 hours, and the welding quality of a welding joint is far higher than that of the traditional eccentric welding nozzle.
And because field machining precision is limited usually, the welding seam width has certain deviation, the utility model discloses a welder has the rotary motion around self, and welder passes through rotation mechanism and drives rotatoryly, makes the silk point of welding wire form certain angle (45 ~ 90 °) with the flush end face to guarantee that the electric arc molten bath is all the time in the contained angle department of flush end face and horizontal weld seam, welder moves along the welding seam direction and drives the electric arc center and accomplish the welding along the lateral wall motion, when welder welds another lateral wall, only needs the rotational symmetry angle, can accomplish corresponding welding. In addition, the welding gun has adjustment movement along the width direction of the welding seam, so that the welding gun has high flexibility. The center of the welding gun is controlled to move and rotate along the center of the welding seam, so that the center of the electric arc is controlled to move on the two side walls according to the preset control, and the welding of the whole welding seam is completed.
The welding gun is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to use, high in control precision and far higher in welding effect than the prior art.
Drawings
The above features and technical advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an arc welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view showing a welding gun according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a welding tip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a plan view showing the pressing fixing block according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a side view showing a pressing fixing block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a weld elevation view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a plan view of the welding according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways, or combinations thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. Furthermore, in the present description, the drawings are not to scale and like reference numerals refer to like parts.
The arc welding apparatus of the present embodiment includes a swing mechanism, a width adjustment mechanism, and a welding gun. As shown in fig. 1, the swing mechanism includes a first motor 9, a driving gear 8, and a driven gear 7. The axis of the first motor 9 is vertical, the output shaft of the first motor is coaxially connected with the driving gear 8, and the driven gear 7 is parallel to the axis of the driving gear 8 and is meshed with the gear teeth, so that the driven gear 7 is driven to rotate. The driven gear 7 is coaxially connected with the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4 at the upper end of the welding gun, so that the welding gun can be driven to rotate.
The width adjusting mechanism comprises a second motor 10, a transmission screw 11, a slide rail 13, a welding gun connecting part 14 and a coupling. The second motor 10 may be mounted on another base, the axis of the second motor 10 is horizontally disposed, the output shaft of the second motor is coaxially connected with the driving screw 11, the nut 131 is screwed on the driving screw 11, and the revolving mechanism is connected with the nut, for example, the revolving mechanism is fixedly connected with the nut 131 through the welding gun connecting component 14 integrated with the revolving mechanism, and is screwed with the driving screw 11 through the nut 131, and the nut 131 drives the revolving mechanism to horizontally move under the driving of the second motor 10. And, the axial direction of the drive screw 11 is perpendicular to the side wall of the weld (i.e., the flat end face of the workpiece), so that the position of the welding gun in the width direction of the weld can be adjusted. Wherein the width of the welding seam is between 15 and 23 mm.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned swing mechanism is only exemplary, for example, the first electric motor of the swing mechanism may be replaced by a hydraulic or pneumatic motor. For example, the output shaft of the first motor 9 is directly connected with the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece 4 through a coupling. Or other devices such as rack and pinion drives, worm and gear drives, chain drives, etc. may be used as the swing mechanism. Similarly, the width adjustment mechanism may have various alternatives, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, a linear push rod, or the like may be used as the width adjustment mechanism. These alternatives are not described in detail here. In addition, the first motor and the second motor are preferably servo motors.
The wire feeding motor 100 is used for feeding a welding wire to a welding gun, a gap between the two steel rails 15 is a welding seam, and the welding wire 16 penetrates out of a welding nozzle 2 of the welding gun.
The structure of the welding gun is described below, and as shown in fig. 2, the welding gun comprises an arc-shaped bent welding tip 1, a welding rod 2, a pressing fixed block 3, a welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4, a copper braided belt 5 and a welding power supply electrode connecting piece 6.
The welding rod pressing fixing block 3, the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4, the copper woven belt 5, the welding power supply electrode connecting piece 6 and the like can be made of brass materials, and the whole welding gun is guaranteed to have very good electric conductivity. Although this embodiment does not exclude other conductive materials. The swing mechanism connecting piece 4 is connected with the welding power supply electrode connecting piece 6 through the copper woven belt 5, and the welding gun has the advantages of convenience in processing and manufacturing, simplicity in maintenance, good conductivity and the like, so that the whole welding gun is guaranteed to have good conductivity and the stability of a welding process in a welding process.
The welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4 is used for being connected with the driven gear 7, so that the driven gear 7 drives the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece to rotate. The welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece 4 is provided with a through vertical cavity, the upper end of the welding rod 2 coaxially penetrates into the cavity and is fixed, and the lower end of the welding rod 2 extends out.
The welding rod 2 is a cylindrical body with a hollow cavity, and the inner wall of the lower end of the welding rod 2 is provided with a thread with a certain length, so that the welding rod is conveniently connected with the arc-shaped bent welding nozzle 1. Only the welding tip needs to be replaced in the welding operation, so that the welding cost is greatly reduced. The welding rod 2 is replaced less in the using process, and the machining material of the welding rod 2 can be chromium, zirconium and copper. Because the arc zone and the molten pool zone are farther away, the thermal deformation is smaller, and in order to reduce the cost, materials with good electrical conductivity, such as brass, can also be adopted.
The arc-shaped bending welding tip 1 is structured as shown in fig. 3, and includes a straight portion D1 and a curved portion D2 which are integrally formed. The upper end of the straight line part D1 is externally threaded for threaded connection with the lower end of the welding rod 2. The connection of the correct guidance of the welding wire to the welding rod 2 is mainly achieved. The bending part D2 realizes the bending guiding function of the welding wire, the bending part D2 and the wire feeder 100 work together to ensure the stability of the eccentric distance (namely the wire outlet angle) of the welding wire 16, and the eccentric distance of the whole welding wire is related to the bending radius R. The arc-shaped bending welding tip can be made of chromium zirconium copper materials and has the advantages of good electrical conductivity, good thermal conductivity, high hardness, wear resistance, explosion resistance, crack resistance and high softening temperature.
The welding wire penetrates from the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4, enters the welding tip 1 through the welding rod 2 and penetrates out of the lower end of the welding tip 1. The position of the welding wire which is changed from the straight line to the bending occurs at the joint position of the straight line part D1 and the bending part D2, the position is far away from an arc area and a molten pool area, the bending part of the welding wire is in circular arc transition and has a larger curvature radius, so that compared with a traditional welding nozzle eccentric processing mode, the welding nozzle is smaller in wear, stronger in thermal deformation resistance, longer in service life and better in stability of wire outlet angle maintenance of the welding wire in the welding process. And the width adjusting mechanism can adjust the position of the welding wire in the width direction of the welding seam, has stronger adaptability to the welding seam and higher motion control precision, and is very suitable for self-protection flux-cored wire flat end surface narrow gap automatic arc welding.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressing fixing block 3, and the pressing fixing block 3 has a central hole 31. The pressing fixing block 3 penetrates into the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4 from the side wall of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4, a center hole 31 of the pressing fixing block is concentric with a vertical cavity of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4, the upper end of the welding rod 2 penetrates through the center hole 31, the pressing fixing block 3 is abutted by rotating the fastening screw 17, the center hole 31 of the pressing fixing block 3 pushes the welding rod 2, the side wall of the welding rod 2 is abutted against the inner wall of the vertical cavity of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece 4, and therefore the position of the welding rod 2 is fixed.
The utility model also provides an automatic electric arc welding method, including following step:
step S1, the welding wire is adjusted toward the sidewall by the swing mechanism, and the distance between the welding wire and the sidewall is adjusted by the width adjustment mechanism. Preferably, an angle α between a projection of the welding wire in the weld width projection plane and the side wall ranges from 9 ° to 45 °, and an angle β between a projection of the welding wire in the horizontal projection plane and the side wall ranges from 35 ° to 90 °.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the weld and fig. 7 is a top view of the weld. The angles alpha and beta ensure the positions of the welding wire and the side wall arc starting point molten pool, prevent the welding rod 2 from arc starting with the side wall, and enable the position of the welding seam molten pool and the like to meet the relevant technical requirements of the welding process. According to the welding direction, the accurate control of an arc area and a molten pool area is realized through alpha and beta angles, and the sufficient fusion amount of narrow-gap side wall welding is ensured.
Step S2, welding of the side weld is completed along the weld length direction at one side of the sidewall.
In step S3, after the welding is completed on one side, the welding wire is rotated to face the other side wall by the rotating mechanism, and the distance between the welding wire and the other side wall is adjusted by the width adjusting mechanism. As shown in fig. 7, the welding gun is adjusted to the corresponding position of the process requirement on the other side according to the direction shown by the arrow in fig. 7. Preferably, an angle α between a projection of the welding wire in the weld width projection plane and the side wall ranges from 9 ° to 45 °, and an angle β between a projection of the welding wire in the horizontal projection plane and the side wall ranges from 35 ° to 90 °.
S4, welding the side weld seam is completed along the length direction of the weld seam on one side of the other side wall.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An arc welding device, characterized by comprising:
a welding gun, the welding gun comprising:
one end of the welding power supply electrode connecting piece is connected with an electrode of a welding power supply, and the other end of the welding power supply electrode connecting piece is connected with a welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece;
the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece is a hollow cylindrical body, and one end of the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece is connected with the slewing mechanism;
the welding rod is a hollow cylindrical body, and one end of the welding rod is coaxially connected to the other end of the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece;
the arc-shaped bending welding tip is a hollow cylindrical body formed by connecting a straight line section and a bending section, and the straight line section is connected with the other end of the welding rod.
2. The arc welding device of claim 1,
the slewing mechanism comprises:
a first motor, a driving gear, a driven gear,
the output shaft of the first motor is coaxially connected with the driving gear, the driven gear is meshed with the gear teeth of the driving gear, and the driven gear is coaxially connected with the welding gun rotation mechanism connecting piece, so that the welding gun can be driven to rotate.
3. The arc welding device of claim 1, further comprising a width adjustment mechanism,
the width adjustment mechanism includes:
a second motor, the axis of which is horizontally arranged, the output shaft of which is coaxially connected with the transmission screw rod,
the axial direction of the transmission screw is vertical to the side wall of the welding seam, the swing mechanism is fixedly connected with a nut screwed on the transmission screw,
the nut is connected with the sliding rail in a sliding mode.
4. The arc welding device of claim 1,
the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece is characterized by further comprising a pressing fixing block, the pressing fixing block is provided with a center hole, the pressing fixing block penetrates into the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece from the side wall of one side of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece, the upper end of a welding rod penetrates into the hollow cavity of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece and penetrates through the center hole, the pressing fixing block is abutted against by a fastening screw screwed in the other side wall of the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece, the center hole of the pressing fixing block pushes the welding rod to abut against the side wall of the hollow cavity, and therefore the position of the welding rod is fixed.
5. The arc welding device of claim 4,
the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece is in conductive connection with the welding power supply electrode through the copper woven belt.
6. The arc welding device of claim 5,
at least one of the pressing fixed block, the welding gun rotating mechanism connecting piece, the copper braided belt and the welding power supply electrode is made of brass materials.
7. The arc welding device of claim 1,
the straight line section is in threaded connection with the other end of the welding rod.
8. The arc welding device of claim 7,
the other end of the welding rod is connected with the external thread of the straight line section of the welding nozzle through an internal thread.
9. The arc welding device of claim 1,
the welding rod is made of chromium zirconium copper or brass; the welding tip is made of chromium zirconium copper material.
10. The arc welding device of claim 1,
the welding wire sequentially passes through the welding gun slewing mechanism connecting piece, the welding rod and the arc-shaped bent welding nozzle and extends out, the range of an angle alpha between the projection of the welding wire in the welding seam width projection plane and the side wall is 9-45 degrees, and the range of an angle beta between the projection of the welding wire in the horizontal projection plane and the side wall is 35-90 degrees.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120700439.0U CN215280320U (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Arc welding equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120700439.0U CN215280320U (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Arc welding equipment |
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| CN215280320U true CN215280320U (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113146002A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-23 | 德州学院 | Electric arc welding method |
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2021
- 2021-04-07 CN CN202120700439.0U patent/CN215280320U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113146002A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-23 | 德州学院 | Electric arc welding method |
| CN113146002B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2024-06-18 | 德州学院 | Arc welding method |
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