CN215263688U - Self-powered voltage sampling circuit - Google Patents
Self-powered voltage sampling circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN215263688U CN215263688U CN202120558250.2U CN202120558250U CN215263688U CN 215263688 U CN215263688 U CN 215263688U CN 202120558250 U CN202120558250 U CN 202120558250U CN 215263688 U CN215263688 U CN 215263688U
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Abstract
A self-powered voltage sampling circuit comprises at least one pair of half-wave rectifying circuits, one ends of two half-wave rectifying circuits of the at least one pair of half-wave rectifying circuits are respectively connected with an input power supply, the other ends of the two half-wave rectifying circuits are respectively connected with a sampling module and a power supply processing module, the power supply processing module is connected with a control unit to supply power to the control unit, the control unit is connected with the sampling module to perform voltage sampling, the current flow directions of the two half-wave rectifying circuits are opposite, so that half cycle of an alternating current cycle of the input power supply is supplied to the sampling module, the other half cycle of the alternating current cycle of the input power supply is supplied to the power supply processing module, the input power supply is respectively rectified through the at least one pair of half-wave rectifying circuits with opposite current flow directions, so that half cycle of the at least one alternating current cycle of the input power supply is supplied to the sampling module, and the other half cycle of the alternating current cycle is supplied to the power supply processing module, no additional power supply is required to supply power to the control unit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a low-voltage apparatus field especially relates to a self-power voltage sampling circuit.
Background
The voltage sampling technology is often applied to the fields of voltage monitoring, voltage protection relay products and the like, and a voltage sampling circuit can realize voltage sampling through a voltage transformer, a sampling resistor or an optical coupling element. However, the conventional voltage sampling circuit needs an additional power supply when sampling the voltage, and the voltage sampling circuit cannot supply power to the voltage sampling circuit. In addition, when the voltage transformer is adopted for voltage sampling, the problems of large volume and high cost are also caused. When the opto-coupling element is adopted for voltage sampling, the problems of poor linearity and temperature drift are solved, and the problems of complex circuit and high cost are solved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art's defect, provide a self-power voltage sampling circuit small, with low costs, that the precision is high.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a self-powered voltage sampling circuit comprises at least one pair of half-wave rectifying circuits, one ends of the two half-wave rectifying circuits of the at least one pair of half-wave rectifying circuits are respectively connected with an input power supply, the other ends of the two half-wave rectifying circuits are respectively connected with a sampling module and a power supply processing module, the power supply processing module is connected with a control unit to supply power to the control unit, the control unit is connected with the sampling module to sample voltage, the current flow directions of the two half-wave rectifying circuits are opposite, half cycle in an alternating current cycle of the input power supply is provided for the sampling module, and the other half cycle is provided for the power supply processing module.
Preferably, the power supply processing module comprises a power supply reverse circuit, the output voltage of the power supply reverse circuit is opposite to the input voltage, and a half-wave rectification circuit connected with the power supply processing module supplies power to the control unit through the power supply reverse circuit.
Preferably, two half-wave rectification circuits of the at least one pair of half-wave rectification circuits respectively comprise diodes, and the polarities of the ends, connected with the input power supply, of the two diodes of the two half-wave rectification circuits are different.
Preferably, the half-wave rectifier circuit further comprises a current-limiting impedance, and the at least one pair of half-wave rectifier circuits are connected with the input power supply through the current-limiting impedance.
Preferably, the sampling circuit further comprises a voltage dividing resistor, and the half-wave rectification circuit connected with the sampling module is connected with the current limiting impedance through the voltage dividing resistor
Preferably, the sampling module is a resistor R7, the current limiting impedance is a resistor R1, and the effective voltage division value of the sampling module
In the formula of UDFor voltage drop of diodes of a half-wave rectifier circuit connected to the sampling module, UL1Is the voltage of the input power.
Preferably, the power supply processing module further includes a zener diode V1, the half-wave rectifier circuit connected to the power supply processing module is connected to the ground terminal through the zener diode V1, two input terminals of the power supply inverter circuit are respectively connected in parallel to two ends of the zener diode V1, an output terminal of the power supply inverter circuit is connected to the ground terminal through a current limiting resistor R10 and the zener diode V2 in sequence, and a voltage VCC for supplying power to the control unit is formed between the current limiting resistor R10 and the zener diode V2.
Preferably, the power supply control circuit further comprises a control circuit, a first power supply voltage is formed between the zener diode V1 and a half-wave rectification circuit connected with the power supply processing module, a second power supply voltage is formed between the output end of the power supply reverse circuit and the current limiting resistor R10, one of the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage supplies power to the control circuit, and the other supplies power to the power supply reverse circuit through the power supply processing module.
Preferably, the power supply reversing circuit is a charge pump type polarity reversing circuit or a BUCK-BOOST switch power supply polarity reversing circuit.
Preferably, one or more pairs of half-wave rectifier circuits corresponding to the number of phases of the input power source are included.
The utility model discloses a self-powered voltage sampling circuit through at least a pair of current flow opposite half-wave rectifier circuit, carries out the rectification with input power respectively, makes half cycle in at least one alternating current cycle of input power provide sampling module to make wherein half other cycle provide power processing module, need not connect extra power for the control unit power supply, have the characteristics that the circuit is simple, small and practice thrift the cost.
In addition, the diode connected with the power supply processing module supplies power to the control unit through the power supply reverse circuit, and the working voltage provided by the power supply reverse circuit can be the same as the sampling voltage of the control unit in polarity, so that the A/D sampling of the control unit is ensured to be carried out smoothly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first embodiment of a self-powered voltage sampling circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second embodiment of the self-powered voltage sampling circuit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a third embodiment of a self-powered voltage sampling circuit of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a fourth embodiment of the self-powered voltage sampling circuit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a fifth embodiment of the self-powered voltage sampling circuit of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a sixth embodiment of a self-powered voltage sampling circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a self-powered voltage sampling circuit includes at least a pair of half-wave rectifier circuit, two half-wave rectifier circuit's of at least a pair of half-wave rectifier circuit one end be connected with input power respectively, two half-wave rectifier circuit's the other end is connected with sampling module and power processing module respectively, power processing module is connected for the control unit power supply with the control unit, the control unit is connected with sampling module and is carried out voltage sampling, two half-wave rectifier circuit's current flow opposite, carry out the rectification with input power respectively, make half cycle in an alternating current cycle of input power provide sampling module, power processing module is provided for to half cycle in addition, power processing module can supply power for control unit, control unit can carry out voltage sampling to sampling module.
The utility model discloses a self-powered voltage sampling circuit through at least a pair of current flow opposite half-wave rectifier circuit, carries out the rectification with input power respectively, makes half cycle in at least one alternating current cycle of input power provide sampling module to make wherein half other cycle provide power processing module, need not connect extra power for the control unit power supply, have the characteristics that the circuit is simple, small and practice thrift the cost.
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the self-powered voltage sampling circuit according to the present invention with reference to the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 6. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-powered voltage sampling circuit of the present invention comprises at least a pair of half-wave rectification circuits, one end of each half-wave rectifying circuit of the at least one pair of half-wave rectifying circuits is respectively connected with an input power supply, the other end of each half-wave rectifying circuit is respectively connected with the sampling module and the power supply processing module, the power supply processing module is connected with the control unit to supply power for the control unit, the control unit is connected with the sampling module to sample voltage, the current flow directions of the two half-wave rectifying circuits are opposite, the two half-wave rectifying circuits respectively rectify positive half-waves and negative half-waves of alternating current of an input power supply to ensure that half cycle waves in one alternating current cycle wave of the input power supply are provided for the sampling module, the other half cycle is provided for the power supply processing module, the power supply processing module can supply power for the control unit, and the control unit can sample the voltage of the sampling module.
In a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the self-powered voltage sampling circuit includes one or more pairs of half-wave rectifier circuits corresponding to the number of phases of the input power source. The input power supply of the embodiment is a three-phase alternating current power supply composed of an L1 phase, an L2 phase and an L3 phase, the self-powered voltage sampling circuit comprises three half-wave and half-wave rectification circuits, and the logarithm of each half-wave rectification circuit corresponds to the L1 phase, the L2 phase and the L3 phase one by one. In this embodiment, the pair of half-wave rectification circuits is a pair of diodes, that is, each half-wave rectification circuit is composed of a diode, the two diodes of each pair of half-wave rectification circuits have different polarities at the end connected with the input power supply, the half-wave rectification is performed through the diodes, one diode rectifies the positive half-wave of the alternating current, the other diode rectifies the negative half-wave of the alternating current, and the current flow directions of the two half-wave rectification circuits are different.
The self-powered voltage sampling circuit further comprises current limiting impedances which are in one-to-one correspondence with the L1 phase, the L2 phase and the L3 phase, and the at least one pair of half-wave rectifying circuits are correspondingly connected with the input power supply through the current limiting impedances. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit further comprises a divider resistor which is correspondingly arranged with the at least one pair of half-wave rectifying circuits, the half-wave rectifying circuit connected with the sampling module is connected with the corresponding current-limiting impedance through the divider resistor, the divider resistor can enable the sampling voltage to be lower than the power supply voltage of the control unit, the voltage VDD and the voltage VCC voltage are larger than peak voltages of the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the resistor R9, and the single chip microcomputer MCU can be ensured to carry out A/D sampling in a measuring range.
The L1 phase is used for explanation, the sampling module is a resistor R7, the current-limiting impedance is a resistor R1, the voltage-dividing resistor is a resistor R4, a pair of diodes corresponding to L1 are a diode D1 and a diode D4, respectively, a cathode of the diode D4 is connected to an anode of the diode D1 through the resistor R4, and then connected to the corresponding L1 through the resistor R1, a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the power processing module, an anode of the diode D4 is connected to a ground terminal through the resistor R7 serving as the sampling module, a sampling input end of the control unit is connected between the anode of the diode D4 and the resistor R7, the control unit performs voltage sampling according to a voltage-dividing effective value of the resistor R7, and a voltage-dividing effective value of the resistor R7 is VL1：
Wherein, UL1Voltage of L1 phase, UDFor the voltage drop of the diode D4, it is understood that there may be no voltage dividing resistor, as in the first embodiment shown in fig. 6, that is, there is no resistor R4, and R4 is equal to 0, which also belongs to the protection scope of the present invention, and here, the formula (1) is changed to:
the other two phases are identical in principle to the L1 phase:
the pair of diodes corresponding to L2 are diode D2 and diode D5, respectively, the cathode of diode D5 is connected to the anode of diode D2 through resistor R5, and then connected to corresponding L1 through resistor R2, the cathode of diode D2 is connected to the power processing module, the anode of diode D5 is connected to the ground terminal through resistor R8 serving as the sampling module, the sampling input terminal of the control unit is connected between the anode of diode D5 and resistor R8, the control unit performs half-wave sampling according to the effective voltage division value of resistor R8, the effective voltage division value calculation formula of resistor R8 is the same as formula (1), and resistor R5 may not be provided, i.e., R5, U3935 in the formula are deletedL1Instead, it corresponds to the L2 phase voltage, UDInstead, the voltage drop of the diode D5 is changed, and the resistances of the resistor R1, the resistor R4, and the resistor R7 are changed to the resistances of the resistor R2, the resistor R5, and the resistor R8, respectively.
The pair of diodes corresponding to L3 are diode D3 and diode D6, respectively, the cathode of diode D6 is connected to the anode of diode D3 through resistor R6, and then connected to corresponding L1 through resistor R3, the cathode of diode D3 is connected to the power processing module, the anode of diode D6 is connected to the ground terminal through resistor R9 serving as the sampling module, the sampling input terminal of the control unit is connected between the anode of diode D6 and resistor R9, the control unit performs half-wave sampling according to the effective voltage-dividing value of resistor R9, the effective voltage-dividing value calculation formula of resistor R9 is the same as formula (1), and resistor R6 may not be provided, that is, the deletion of resistor R6 is performedR6, U in the formulaL1Instead, it corresponds to the L3 phase voltage, UDThe voltage drop of the diode D6 is changed, the resistance values of the resistor R1, the resistor R4 and the resistor R7 are changed into the resistance values of the resistor R3, the resistor R6 and the resistor R9 respectively, the sizes of the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 are equal, the sizes of the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are equal, and the sizes of the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are equal.
In this embodiment, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a resistor R3 constitute a current limiting impedance of each phase, and a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a resistor R6 constitute a voltage dividing resistor of each phase. Of course, it is also possible to use a plurality of resistors connected in series as the current-limiting impedance, or use a single or a plurality of capacitors connected in series as the current-limiting impedance, or use a single or a plurality of inductors connected in series as the current-limiting impedance, all of which belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the sampling modules of the phases in this embodiment are the resistor R7, the resistor R8, and the resistor R9, but the sampling modules may also adopt a step-down capacitor instead of the resistor. In addition, the control unit of this embodiment is single chip microcomputer MCU, and the control unit also can be other integrated circuits etc. all belong to the utility model discloses a protection scope.
The utility model discloses a self-powered voltage sampling circuit also can be applicable to the input power supply of different numbers of phases, like single-phase input power supply and double-phase input power supply.
The self-powered voltage sampling circuit converts electric energy of half cycle into a power supply, and half cycle voltage is used for sampling, so that voltage sampling without an additional power supply is realized, the circuit is simplified, and the cost is saved.
As shown in fig. 2, the second embodiment has basically the same operation principle as the first embodiment, but the input power of the first embodiment is opposite to the first embodiment, the input power of the first embodiment is in the forward direction, and the input power of the second embodiment is in the reverse direction.
With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, in the first embodiment shown in fig. 1, the polarities of the two ends of the diode D1, the diode D2, the diode D3, the diode D4, the diode D5, and the diode D6 are reversed, the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the corresponding L1, the cathode is connected to the resistor R7 of the sampling module for voltage sampling, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the corresponding L1, the anode is connected to the power processing module for power supply, and the formula (1) is changed to formula (2):
the formula (2) is the same as the formula (1) except that the side of the formula (1) on which the equal sign is added with a minus sign. Of course, the resistor R4 may not be provided, that is, R4 is 0, in which case the formula (2) is changed to:
as shown in fig. 3, in the third embodiment, the operation principle of the first embodiment is basically the same, but the input power of the first embodiment is a single-phase input power composed of an L-phase and an N-phase, which is equivalent to that in the first embodiment, the resistor R2, the resistor R5, the resistor R8, the diode D2 and the diode D5 which are arranged corresponding to the L2 phase, and the resistor R3, the resistor R6, the resistor R9, the diode D3 and the diode D6 which are arranged corresponding to the L3 phase are removed, and then only components corresponding to the L1 are left. Of course, only other corresponding components may be reserved to be connected to L, and this is not particularly limited herein.
As shown in fig. 4, the working principle of the fourth embodiment is basically the same as that of the third embodiment, but the input power of the third embodiment is the reverse of the first embodiment, which is equivalent to the relationship between the second embodiment and the first embodiment, the input power of the third embodiment is the forward direction, and the input power of the third embodiment is the reverse direction.
It can be understood that the self-powered voltage sampling circuit of the present invention may also be applied to two-phase input power supplies, and when the input power supplies are two-phase, corresponding components may be removed, for example, the resistor R2, the resistor R5, the resistor R8, the diode D2, and the diode D5 that are disposed corresponding to the L2 phase are removed, or corresponding components may also be removed corresponding to the L1 phase or the L3, which is not limited herein. Of course, the components and parts corresponding to the L3 phase can also be connected to the N phase at this time, and are used for a single-phase input power supply, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the power processing module includes a power inverter circuit, an output voltage of the power inverter circuit is opposite to an input voltage, a half-wave rectifier circuit connected to the power processing module supplies power to the control circuit and the control unit through the power inverter circuit, and a working voltage provided by the power inverter circuit can be the same as a polarity of a sampling voltage of the control unit, thereby ensuring smooth a/D sampling of the control unit.
Specifically, the power supply processing module comprises a zener diode V1, a capacitor C1 and a power supply reverse circuit, two input ends of the capacitor C1 and the power supply reverse circuit are respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the zener diode V1, the diode connected with the power supply processing module is respectively connected with the zener diode V1, the polarity of the zener diode V1 is opposite to that of the diode connected with the power supply processing module, a first power supply voltage is formed between the zener diode V1 and a half-wave rectification circuit connected with the power supply processing module, a second power supply voltage is formed between the output end of the power supply reverse circuit and a current limiting resistor R10, one of the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage supplies power to the control circuit, and the other supplies power to the power supply reverse circuit formed by the charge pump through the power supply processing module;
the output end of the power supply reverse circuit is connected with the ground end through a current-limiting resistor R10 and a voltage stabilizing diode V2 in sequence, a second power supply voltage is formed between the output end of the power supply reverse circuit and the current-limiting resistor R10, a voltage VCC for power supply of the control unit is formed between the current-limiting resistor R10 and the voltage stabilizing diode V2, and a capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode V2. In this embodiment, the first power supply voltage is VDD, the voltage VDD supplies power to the control circuit, the second power supply voltage is VDD, and the voltage-VDD is converted into the output of the control unit after passing through a power supply inverter circuit formed by a charge pump. Referring to fig. 5, in the embodiment, the first power supply voltage is a voltage-VDD, and the second power supply voltage is a voltage VDD, which is equivalent to the voltage VDD and the voltage-VDD are interchanged, but the roles of the voltage VDD and the voltage-VDD are not changed, the voltage VDD supplies power to the control circuit, and the voltage-VDD supplies power to the power supply inverting circuit formed by the charge pump. It should be understood that the zener diode V1 and the zener diode V2 of the present embodiment may also adopt other circuit components with voltage stabilizing function, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the fifth embodiment is implemented substantially as the first embodiment, the control circuit of the present embodiment includes a relay RLY1 and a transistor Q1, which are connected in series, a base of the transistor Q1 is connected to a control unit, and the control unit is matched with a program, so that when a phase sequence fault, a phase failure, an undervoltage fault and other faults occur, the control unit can control the transistor Q1 to be turned on and off, and then the transistor Q1 drives the relay RLY1 to disconnect the input power supply, thereby implementing fault protection.
The power supply reverse circuit of the embodiment is a charge pump type polarity reversing circuit, which comprises a charge pump U1 of an ICL7660 model, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a light emitting diode VD1 and a light emitting diode VD2 are added on the basis of the first embodiment, the light emitting diode VD1 and the light emitting diode VD2 are respectively connected with a control unit, indication and alarm can be carried out through the light emitting diode VD1 and the light emitting diode VD2, a sixth pin of a charge pump U1 and an eighth pin of the charge pump U1 are taken as two input ends of a charge pump U1 and are connected with two ends of a voltage stabilizing diode V1 in parallel, a fifth pin of the charge pump U1 is formed as a voltage VDD for supplying power to the control circuit, the fifth pin of the charge pump U1 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C4 and one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with a ground terminal, the other end of the resistor R10 is sequentially connected with one end of a capacitor C2, one end of a voltage stabilizing diode V2 and the control unit, a voltage VCC for supplying power to the control unit is formed between the zener diode V2 and the resistor R10, the other end of the capacitor C2 and the other end of the zener diode V2 are grounded, respectively, and the capacitor C3 is connected between the second pin of the charge pump U1 and the fourth pin of the charge pump U1.
It is understood that the inverting circuit may also employ a BUCK-BOOST switching power supply polarity inverting circuit. Of course, the light emitting diodes VD1 and VD2 may also adopt other numbers, or other alarm devices such as buzzers, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments shown and described. To the utility model belongs to the technical field of ordinary technical personnel, do not deviate from the utility model discloses under the prerequisite of design, can also make a plurality of simple deductions or replacement, all should regard as belonging to the utility model discloses a protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. A self-powered voltage sampling circuit, characterized by: the half-wave rectification circuit comprises at least one pair of half-wave rectification circuits, one ends of the two half-wave rectification circuits of the at least one pair of half-wave rectification circuits are respectively connected with an input power supply, the other ends of the two half-wave rectification circuits are respectively connected with a sampling module and a power supply processing module, the power supply processing module is connected with a control unit to supply power to the control unit, the control unit is connected with the sampling module to perform voltage sampling, the current flow directions of the two half-wave rectification circuits are opposite, half cycle in an alternating current cycle of the input power supply is provided for the sampling module, and the other half cycle is provided for the power supply processing module.
2. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of claim 1, wherein: the power supply processing module comprises a power supply reverse circuit, the output voltage of the power supply reverse circuit is opposite to the input voltage, and a half-wave rectification circuit connected with the power supply processing module supplies power to the control unit through the power supply reverse circuit.
3. Self-powered voltage sampling circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the two half-wave rectification circuits of the at least one pair of half-wave rectification circuits respectively comprise diodes, and the polarities of the two diodes of the two half-wave rectification circuits at one end connected with the input power supply are different.
4. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of claim 3, wherein: the half-wave rectification circuit comprises a half-wave rectification circuit, a half-wave rectification circuit and a half-wave rectification circuit, wherein the half-wave rectification circuit is connected with an input power supply through the half-wave rectification circuit.
5. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of claim 4, wherein: the sampling circuit also comprises a voltage dividing resistor, and the half-wave rectifying circuit connected with the sampling module is connected with the current-limiting impedance through the voltage dividing resistor.
6. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of claim 4, wherein: the sampling module is a resistor R7, the current limiting impedance is a resistor R1, and the effective voltage division value of the sampling module
In the formula of UDFor voltage drop of diodes of a half-wave rectifier circuit connected to the sampling module, UL1Is the voltage of the input power.
7. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of claim 2, wherein: the power supply processing module further comprises a voltage stabilizing diode V1, a half-wave rectification circuit connected with the power supply processing module is connected with a grounding end through a voltage stabilizing diode V1, two input ends of a power supply reverse circuit are respectively connected with two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode V1 in parallel, an output end of the power supply reverse circuit is sequentially connected with the grounding end through a current limiting resistor R10 and a voltage stabilizing diode V2, and a voltage VCC for power supply of a control unit is formed between the current limiting resistor R10 and the voltage stabilizing diode V2.
8. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of claim 7, wherein: the power supply control circuit further comprises a control circuit, a first power supply voltage is formed between the voltage stabilizing diode V1 and a half-wave rectifying circuit connected with the power supply processing module, a second power supply voltage is formed between the output end of the power supply reverse circuit and the current limiting resistor R10, one of the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage supplies power to the control circuit, and the other one supplies power to the power supply reverse circuit through the power supply processing module.
9. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of claim 2, wherein: the power supply reverse circuit is a charge pump type polarity reverse circuit or a BUCK-BOOST switch power supply polarity reverse circuit.
10. The self-powered voltage sampling circuit of claim 1, wherein: includes one or more pairs of half-wave rectifier circuits corresponding to the number of phases of an input power source.
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