CN215257534U - Brake automatic clearance adjusting arm with automatic anti-lock function of adjusting back - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic clearance adjustment arm of brake with can automatic adjustment back anti-lock function, a vehicle braking control technical field, specifically is an automatic clearance adjustment arm of brake with can automatic adjustment back anti-lock function, its characterized in that, one way clutch subassembly includes pinion, one way clutch torsion spring, second worm, lock sleeve, round pin axle, upper spring and spring cap; the second worm is meshed with a second worm wheel on the worm assembly, the pinion is meshed with a fluted disc of the cover plate assembly, and the first worm is meshed with the first worm wheel to form a complete transmission chain. The utility model provides a but brake automatic clearance adjustment arm with automatic adjustment anti-lock function can be automatic with inside reservation clearance angle increase, make the brake clearance be in the optimum.

Description

Brake automatic clearance adjusting arm with automatic anti-lock function of adjusting back

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a vehicle brake control technical field specifically is a brake automatic clearance adjustment arm with but automatic adjustment anti-lock function.

Background

At present, commercial vehicles such as domestic trucks, semi-trailers, buses and the like mainly use a drum type braking system as a main part, the gap between a brake drum and a brake pad in the braking system is adjusted by an adjusting arm, and braking of wheels is synchronous during braking so as to ensure that the braking of the vehicles is stable and the accidents of sideslip and drift cannot occur. In order to ensure the brake clearance balance of each wheel, the drum type axle with 3.5 tons and above is matched with an automatic clearance adjusting arm, and the automatic clearance adjusting arm replaces a conventional manual clearance adjusting arm. At present, a plurality of manufacturers for producing the automatic clearance adjusting arm in China basically imitate the automatic clearance adjusting arm, the automatic clearance adjusting arm is various in variety and different in technology and quality, specifically, the automatic clearance adjusting arm can only automatically adjust the clearance between the brake drum and the brake shoe of the wheel to be small in function, the clearance is stabilized to a set range, an automatic regulation function is not provided, however, the vehicle can often bear heavy load, run for a long distance and run on a long downhill road, particularly in a mountain area, due to frequent and long-time braking, the temperature of the brake drum on the wheel is rapidly increased, thermal expansion can occur, the abrasion of the brake shoe is rapid, the clearance between the brake shoe and the automatic clearance adjusting arm is increased, and at the moment, the automatic clearance adjusting arm can start the automatic regulation function and adjust the clearance to be small to meet the braking requirement. However, when the temperature of the wheel returns to the normal state, the brake drum can shrink due to expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the gap between the brake drum and the brake shoe is smaller than the requirement of normal running, the wheel is dragged to brake or even locked in serious conditions, and the vehicle cannot run normally. The process is that the automatic arm is excessively adjusted due to expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold, if the wheel drum continues to run at the moment, the movable shoe is worn prematurely, and even the vehicle is dragged to brake to cause fire, the defect is that all automatic clearance adjusting arms cannot avoid the problem at present, because the automatic arms do not have the function of preventing excessive adjustment, namely, the clearance can only be adjusted to be small when the automatic function is started, and the function of automatically loosening and amplifying the clearance is not available, but the angle of the reserved clearance in the vehicle can only be increased passively in the market at present, but the result is that the vehicle is braked softly, the braking distance is long, the braking sensitivity is reduced, the braking clearance is not in the optimal state, and potential safety hazards are brought to the vehicle and drivers and passengers.

Disclosure of Invention

The technique that exists is not enough to the aforesaid, the utility model aims at providing a brake automatic clearance adjustment arm with but automatic adjustment antilock function, can make the brake clearance be in the optimum, the brake drum that not only has solved the robotic arm and has appeared excessively adjusting and arouse generates heat, premature wear and drag the problem of stopping, and possess the function of current self-function regulating arm, simultaneously can the automatic perception brake clearance littleer, during the zero clearance, effect through braking many times, automatic adjustment back releases about 0.2 ~ 0.35mm suitable clearance, solve the problem of stopper locking wheel because of shrinkage fast.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an automatic clearance adjustment arm of brake with can automatic adjustment anti-lock function, including the arm body, first worm wheel, worm subassembly, apron subassembly and one-way clutch subassembly, the worm subassembly is adorned in the arm body worm hole to with adorn in the first worm wheel meshing in the arm body worm hole, the apron subassembly is adorned in the big terminal surface outside the first worm wheel hole of arm body, one-way clutch subassembly is adorned in arm body clutch hole; the worm assembly comprises a plane bearing, a second worm wheel, a first worm, a loading spring and a spring push plate, and the cover plate assembly comprises a fluted disc, a cover plate, an O-shaped sealing ring and a control arm, and when the control arm swings, the first worm wheel can be driven to rotate through the transmission chain; the worm assembly also comprises a bearing screw cover, a plane bearing, a small worm wheel, a large worm, a spring push plate, a loading spring, a spring screw cover, a sealing ring and a pin; the fluted disc is through with full teeth and can be engaged with a pinion on the clutch assembly and can move up and down; the one-way clutch assembly is characterized by comprising a pinion, a one-way clutch torsion spring, a second worm, a lock sleeve, a pin shaft, an upper spring and a spring cover; the second worm is meshed with a second worm wheel on the worm assembly, the pinion is meshed with a fluted disc of the cover plate assembly, and the first worm is meshed with the first worm wheel to form a complete transmission chain;

preferably, the one-way clutch assembly further comprises an upper spring and a spring cover on the pinion, and the upper spring and the spring cover can be replaced by elastic parts, such as springs, rubber and polyurethane;

preferably, the one-way clutch torsion spring has two design structure assembly schemes: divide into one-way clutch torsional spring built-in structure and exterior package structure, built-in structure: the single clutch torsion spring and one end of the excircle are tightly assembled with the inner diameter of the step of the second worm, and the excircle of the other end is assembled with the inner diameter of the step of the pinion; exterior structure: one end of the inner diameter of the torsion spring of the one-way clutch is tightly assembled with the outer diameter of the outer step of the second worm, and the inner circle of the other end is assembled with the outer diameter of the outer step of the pinion.

Preferably, the spring and the spring cover are installed in a stepped hole on the upper end surface of the pinion gear, so that the one-way clutch assembly has a function of moving downwards, and the spring cover covers the upper spring; the spring cover and the spring can also be made into an elastic whole.

Preferably, if the automatic retraction function is not desired, the spring cover and spring on the clutch assembly may be eliminated and a cylindrical spring may be added at the lowermost end to contact the lock sleeve to move the assembly upward.

Preferably, the one-way clutch assembly can move up and down in a clutch hole on the arm body, and axial gaps are reserved on the matching sizes of the steps of the one-way clutch assembly and the arm body.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: compared with the existing automatic adjusting arm, the automatic adjusting arm can automatically adjust and release a certain gap when the braking gap of the wheel is smaller or no gap is sensed, thereby preventing the occurrence of similar safety problems such as dragging brake of the wheel due to small braking gap, over-fast abrasion of brake shoes, high oil consumption, even fire accident of the wheel due to over-high dragging brake temperature and the like, and providing one more guarantee for personal and property safety; the gap angle designed in the existing automatic arm is reduced, the brake fatigue is improved, the brake distance is shortened, the brake performance and sensitivity are improved, and the driving safety is guaranteed; the design is compact and reasonable, mature parts and component structures of the existing automatic arm are fully utilized, only partial small design changes are made, the newly added function is achieved, the design development cost and the manufacturing cost are greatly reduced, and the installation and the operation are simple; when the automatic adjusting function is not needed, the design only needs to cancel the spring cover and the spring on the one-way clutch assembly, and the switching can be completed by adding the spring at the lower end, so that the cost is not increased, and the potential safety hazard caused by the elastic deformation of the brake drum on the wheel, the expansion caused by heat and the contraction caused by cold of various large car factories and drivers is solved; has considerable market prospect and can bring great economic benefit.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general assembly structure of the self-power adjusting arm of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the worm assembly of the present invention cooperating with the upper spring;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the cover plate assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the one-way clutch pack built-in structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the exterior structure of the one-way clutch assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the one-way clutch assembly of the present invention assembled within the clutch aperture of the arm;

fig. 7 is an exploded view of the assembly structure of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1-arm body, 2-first worm wheel, 3-worm assembly, 4-cover plate assembly and 5-one-way clutch assembly; 101-bushing, 102-oil cup, 103-oil cup cover; 201-O type sealing ring; 301-bearing screw cap, 302-plane bearing, 303-second worm wheel, 304-first worm, 305-spring push plate, 306-loading spring, 307-spring screw cap, 308-small O-shaped sealing ring, 309-pin; 401-fluted disc, 402-cover plate, 403-sealing ring, 404-control arm, 405-sealing gasket, 406-screw; 501-spring cover, 502-upper spring, 503-pinion, 504-one-way clutch torsion spring, 505-pin, 506-second worm, 507-lock sleeve, 508-lower cylindrical spring, 509-cone.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, an automatic clearance adjusting arm for a brake with an automatic back-adjusting anti-lock function includes an arm body 1, a first worm wheel 2, a worm assembly 3, a cover plate assembly 4 and a one-way clutch assembly 5, wherein the worm assembly 3 is installed in a worm hole of the arm body 1 and is engaged with the first worm wheel 2 installed in the worm hole of the arm body 1, the cover plate assembly 4 is installed on an outer large end surface of the first worm wheel 2, the one-way clutch assembly 5 is installed in a clutch hole, wherein a bushing 101 is installed on a main body of the arm body 1, an oil cup 102 is installed on an upper portion of the worm assembly 3, the bushing 101 is tightly pressed in a handle hole of the arm body 1 and is connected with a fork of an air chamber, and lubricating grease can be injected into the inside through the oil cup 102.

The worm assembly 3 comprises a plane bearing 302, a second worm wheel 303, a first worm 304, a loading spring 306, a spring push plate 305 and a screw cover; the cover plate assembly 4 comprises a fluted disc 401, a cover plate 402 and a control arm 404; the one-way clutch assembly 5 comprises a pinion 503, a one-way clutch torsion spring 504, a second worm 506, a lock sleeve, a pin shaft 505, an upper spring 502 and a spring cover 501; the second worm 506 is meshed with the second worm wheel 303 on the worm assembly 3, the pinion 503 is meshed with the fluted disc 401 of the cover plate assembly 4, and the first worm 304 is meshed with the first worm wheel 2 to form a complete transmission chain. When the control arm 404 swings, the first worm wheel 2 can be driven to rotate through the above transmission chain.

The worm assembly 3 comprises a plane bearing 302, a second worm wheel 303, a first worm 304, a loading spring 306, a spring push plate 305 and a bearing screw cover 301; the cover plate assembly 4 comprises a fluted disc 401, a cover plate 402 and a control arm 404; the one-way clutch assembly 5 comprises a pinion 503, a one-way clutch torsion spring 504, a second worm 506, a lock sleeve, a pin shaft 505, an upper spring 502 and a spring cover 501; the second worm 506 is meshed with the second worm wheel 303 on the worm assembly 3, the pinion 503 is meshed with the fluted disc 401 of the cover plate assembly 4, and the first worm 304 is meshed with the first worm wheel 2 to form a complete transmission chain. When the control arm 404 swings, the first worm wheel 2 can be driven to rotate through the above transmission chain.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the worm assembly 3 mainly includes a bearing screw cap 301, a plane bearing 302, a second worm wheel 303, a first worm 304, a spring push plate 305, a loading spring 306, a spring screw cap 307, an O-ring 403201, and a pin 309, wherein the loading spring 306 loads axial thrust on one end of the first worm 304, so that the conical teeth on the first worm 304 are meshed with the conical teeth on the end face of the second worm wheel 303, the second worm wheel 303 is meshed with a second worm 506 on the one-way clutch assembly 5, and the worm assembly 3 is driven to rotate by the one-way clutch assembly 5;

as shown in fig. 3, the cover plate assembly 4 includes a gear plate 401, a cover plate 402, a seal ring 403, a control arm 404, and a seal 405, wherein the control arm 404 is riveted to the gear plate 401 and can rotate on the cover plate 402.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7, one-way clutch assembly 5 includes a spring cover 501, an upper spring 502, a pinion 503, a cone 509, a one-way clutch torsion spring 504, a clutch pin 505, a second worm 506, and a ferrule 507; the pinion 503 has a concave-convex groove which is embedded with the roller 509, a spring 502 is arranged between the concave-convex groove and the roller 509, a one-way clutch torsion spring 504 is respectively arranged in two end holes of the pinion 503 and the second worm 506 and is arranged on a clutch pin shaft 505 and is locked and fixed by a clamping sleeve 507, the second worm 506 can be driven to rotate together when the pinion 503 is rotated clockwise, the one-way clutch torsion spring 504 slips when the small connecting wheel is rotated anticlockwise, and the second worm 506 does not rotate together, thus forming the built-in structure of the one-way clutch assembly 5.

The one-way clutch assembly 5 of the second structure includes an upper spring 502, a pinion 503, a roller cone 509, a one-way clutch torsion spring 504, a clutch pin 505, a second worm 506, and a ferrule 507. A concave-convex groove which is embedded between the pinion 503 and the roller cone 509 is arranged in the gear cone 503, a spring 502 is arranged between the gear cone 509 and the second worm 506, a one-way clutch torsion spring 504 is respectively arranged in holes at two ends or on outer steps of the roller cone 509 and arranged on a clutch pin shaft 505 and is locked and fixed by a clamping sleeve 507, the second worm can be driven to rotate together when the pinion is rotated clockwise, the one-way clutch torsion spring slips when the small connecting wheel is rotated anticlockwise, and the second worm does not rotate together at the moment, so that an outer packaging structure of the one-way clutch assembly 5 is formed;

as in structure 1 in fig. 4 and 5: the one-way clutch component 5 is arranged in a clutch hole on the arm body 1, an axial gap is reserved between the two steps, the component 5 can move up and down in the hole, and the upper end of the clutch component 5 is provided with a spring cover 501 and an upper spring 502, so that the clutch can move down quickly in the axial direction.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the one-way clutch assembly 5 is installed in the clutch hole on the arm body 1, and there is no axial gap between the two steps, and there is a gap between the worm 506 and the ferrule 507, and there is a gap between the pinion 503 and the roller cone 509 for the clutch torsion spring 504, the roller cone 509 and the second worm 506 to move up and down on the pin 505.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation:

(1) and (3) adjusting the brake clearance to a set requirement: the automatic arm is arranged on a spline shaft of an axle, the control arm is fixed, the brake is stepped down, a brake air chamber on the axle pushes the arm body to rotate by a brake angle, a toothed disc on a cover plate assembly drives a gear on a clutch to rotate, the brake air chamber continues to push the arm body, the reaction force after a brake drum of the axle is contacted with a brake pad is transmitted to a first worm wheel through a cam shaft, the first worm wheel can push a worm shaft downwards, when the thrust of the worm reaches the point that a loading spring can be compressed, the conical teeth on the end face can be separated from the conical teeth on the end face of a second worm wheel, a transmission chain is disconnected, and parts are protected from being damaged.

When the brake is released, the push rod of the air chamber retreats to drive the arm body to rotate back to the initial position, the worm is meshed with the second worm gear bevel gear again under the action of the loading spring in the process, the one-way clutch pushes the worm to rotate, and then the first worm gear rotates, so that the function of reducing the gap between the brake shoe and the brake drum is realized; the automatic arm can slowly stabilize the brake clearance between the brake drum and the brake shoe to the set requirement by continuously and repeatedly stepping on the brake.

(2) Starting a callback function: the function can be automatically started only when the clearance between the drum and the brake pad of the axle is smaller than the normal clearance, and can be finished only when the axle is braked for multiple times, so that the clearance is gradually enlarged and the normal requirement is recovered.

A gap is reserved between the bottom end surface of the large worm hole of the arm body and the end surface of the first worm, a concave spherical surface at the tail end of the first worm is in contact with a convex spherical surface of the spring push plate, the resistance of the first worm is small, and the first worm can rotate easily; gaps are reserved between the one-way clutch assembly and each step of the clutch hole on the arm body, and the one-way high-clutch assembly can move; the principle of tightness friction force of a one-way torsion spring on the one-way clutch assembly is utilized, friction force in the loosening process drives the whole one-way clutch assembly to rotate until the first worm wheel rotates by a small angle, and the one-way clutch assembly slowly moves towards the lower end by the reaction force when the end surface of the first worm is in contact with the bottom surface of the worm hole of the arm body; after multiple times of braking, the gap is not continuously loosened after the one-way clutch assembly is completely contacted with the bottom of the arm hole and is subjected to resistance, the first worm wheel is locked and continuously adjusted back, and the gap between the brake drum and the brake pad is recovered to be normal.

(3) If the back-adjusting function is not needed, the spring cover and the upper spring at the upper end of the one-way clutch assembly can be cancelled, and the cylindrical spring is added at the lower end to generate thrust upwards, so that the one-way clutch assembly does not move downwards and can have the same function as the conventional automatic arm.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (8)

1. A brake automatic clearance adjusting arm with an anti-lock function capable of being automatically adjusted back comprises an arm body, a first worm wheel, a worm assembly, a cover plate assembly and a one-way clutch assembly, wherein the worm assembly is arranged in a worm hole of the arm body and meshed with the first worm wheel arranged in the worm hole of the arm body; the worm assembly comprises a plane bearing, a second worm wheel, a first worm, a loading spring and a spring push plate, and the cover plate assembly comprises a fluted disc, a cover plate, an O-shaped sealing ring and a control arm, and when the control arm swings, the first worm wheel can be driven to rotate through the transmission chain; the worm assembly also comprises a bearing screw cover, a plane bearing, a small worm wheel, a large worm, a spring push plate, a loading spring, a spring screw cover, a sealing ring and a pin; the fluted disc is through with full teeth and can be engaged with a pinion on the clutch assembly and can move up and down; the one-way clutch assembly is characterized by comprising a pinion, a one-way clutch torsion spring, a second worm, a lock sleeve, a pin shaft, an upper spring and a spring cover; the second worm is meshed with a second worm wheel on the worm assembly, the pinion is meshed with a fluted disc of the cover plate assembly, and the first worm is meshed with the first worm wheel to form a complete transmission chain.

2. The automatic slack adjuster arm for a brake with automatic adjustment of anti-lock function according to claim 1, wherein the one-way clutch assembly further comprises a spring and a spring cover on the pinion, and an elastic member such as spring, rubber, urethane may be used instead.

3. The automatic slack adjuster arm for a brake with automatic adjustment of anti-lock function according to claim 1, wherein the torsion spring of the one-way clutch has two design structures, which are an inner structure and an outer structure of the torsion spring of the one-way clutch.

4. The automatic clearance adjusting arm for brake with automatic adjusting back anti-lock function as claimed in claim 3, wherein the outer package structure is such that one end of the inner diameter of the torsion spring of the one-way clutch is tightly fitted with the outer diameter of the outer step of the second worm, and the inner circle of the other end is fitted with the outer diameter of the outer step of the pinion.

5. The automatic clearance adjusting arm for brake with automatic adjusting back anti-lock function according to claim 3, wherein the built-in structure is that the single clutch torsion spring is tightly fitted with the inner diameter of the step of the second worm at one end of the outer circle and the inner diameter of the step of the pinion at the other end of the outer circle.

6. The automatic slack adjuster arm for a brake with an automatic back locking function according to claim 1, wherein the spring and the spring cover are installed in the stepped hole of the upper end face of the pinion for the function of moving the one-way clutch assembly downward, and the spring cover covers the upper spring; the spring cover and the spring can also be made into an elastic whole.

7. The arm of claim 1, wherein if the automatic back-off function is not desired, the spring cover and spring of the clutch assembly are removed, and a lower cylindrical spring is added at the lowermost end to contact the lock sleeve and move the assembly upward.

8. The arm of claim 1, wherein the one-way clutch assembly is movable up and down within a clutch bore in the arm body, the steps being sized to provide axial clearance.

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