CN215251080U - Sintering machine for sintering harmful dust and mud in iron and steel plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sintering machine is used in sintering of harmful dirt mud of steel plant sets gradually spreading mechanism I, spreading machine II that is used for laying dirt mud ball, the distributing device that is used for sintering raw materials from the head to the tail on the sintering lane to and some firearm. The utility model provides a sintering machine, on the basis of current sintering machine, increase the stone material mechanism II that is used for laying dirt mud ball between stone charge stone material mechanism I and sintering raw materials distributing device, lay dirt mud ball between stone charge and sintering raw materials, the heat retaining high temperature of make full use of sintering raw materials layer lower part, make alkali metal K, Na and Zn obtain abundant reduction in the high strength dirt mud ball, get into the sintering dust along with the sintering flue gas, the mode of the sintering-ironmaking circulation enrichment that alkali metal K, Na and Zn exist in the sintering ore and form has been cut off.

Description

Sintering machine for sintering harmful dust and mud in iron and steel plant

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a sintering technical field, in particular to sintering machine is used in sintering of harmful dirt mud of steel plant.

Background

The sinter is the main iron-containing raw material in the iron-making process of iron and steel enterprises, and accounts for about 70 percent. The sintering process not only produces sinter used for ironmaking, but also treats various wastes such as iron-containing dust, sludge and the like of iron and steel enterprises. At present, most of dust and sludge of various iron and steel plants are recycled to a sintering raw material field, mixed with sintering mineral powder to form a sintering mixture, and then added with a flux to sinter with fuel.

For example, chinese patent document CN102492833A (201110383871.2) provides a method for applying iron-containing dust to sintering, which comprises mixing 45-50% of iron-containing dust, 17-22% of iron ore concentrate, 0.6-0.8% of slaked lime, 0.6-0.8% of bentonite, 1.9-2.1% of coke powder, and 25-30% of return ores (the return ore particle size is below 5 mm), pelletizing the mixed material with a pelletizing disk, wherein the pelletizing particle size is 3-8mm, the particle size of 3-8mm accounts for 70-80%, the pelletizing time is 2-3 min, the water content of small pellets is controlled to 10-11%, and finally sintering is performed on the pellets rolled by the pelletizing disk, and the specific sintering process parameters are as follows: the ignition time is 1.5-2 minutes, the ignition negative pressure is 4900Pa, the sintering extraction negative pressure is 6860Pa, and the material layer thickness is 500 mm. Setting the components of the sinter: the alkalinity is 1.85 plus or minus 0.05, and the MgO is controlled to be 2.3 percent to 2.5 percent. The mixture after ignition starts to sinter from top to bottom. The sintered finished ore is used by a blast furnace. The invention directly takes the iron-containing dust and mud as the sintering mixture, and the sintered ore added with the dust and mud is directly used for blast furnace production, the process flow is simple, new equipment is not required to be added, the process flow is simple, and the investment is low.

Although the above process can recycle iron in dust and sludge, it will affect the sintering index and metallurgical properties of sintered ore, and is not beneficial to blast furnace smelting. More seriously, most of the dust and sludge contain harmful elements such as alkali metal K, Na and Zn with higher content. Because the sintering belongs to weak reducing atmosphere, the elements are mixed into the sintering mixture, and the alkali metal K, Na and Zn enter the blast furnace procedure again because of insufficient reduction, thereby causing the circulation and enrichment of harmful elements and seriously affecting the production index of the blast furnace.

The structure of the existing sintering furnace can only mix dust mud and sintering raw materials and then sinter the mixture.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve present iron and steel plant dust and dirt mud and mix in the sintering mixture, influence sintering index and metallurgical property's problem to and harmful element circulation enrichment such as alkali metal K, Na and Zn and produce the problem of important adverse effect to the ironmaking, provide a sintering furnace for iron and steel plant harmful dirt mud.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the sintering machine for sintering the harmful dust and mud in the steel plant is characterized in that a paving mechanism I for paving a bedding material, a paving mechanism II for paving dust and mud balls, a distributor for sintering raw materials and an igniter are sequentially arranged on a sintering lane from a head to a tail.

Preferably, the material spreading mechanism I and the material spreading mechanism II can adopt the existing bedding material distributing device. Preferably, the material spreading mechanism I and the material spreading mechanism II comprise a flat feed opening, and a gate valve is arranged on the feed opening to control feeding.

Further preferably, the feed openings of the material spreading mechanism I and the material spreading mechanism II are provided with a scraper which has the functions of limiting the height of a material layer and leveling the material layer.

Preferably, the dust-mud ball is obtained by mixing various dusts and sludge of steel plants and coal powder and then performing double-roller ball pressing.

Preferably, the distributing device is a multi-roller distributing device.

Preferably, the tail end of the sintering lane is provided with a crusher for crushing the sintering ore.

Further preferably, a conveyor is arranged at the lower end of the crusher and used for conveying the crushed sinter.

Preferably, the upper end of a feed opening of the spreading mechanism II is connected with a dust and mud ball bin.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the embodiment of the utility model provides an one or more technical scheme has following beneficial effect at least:

the utility model provides a sintering machine, on the basis of current sintering machine, increase the stone material mechanism II that is used for laying dirt mud ball between stone charge stone material mechanism I and sintering raw materials distributing device, lay dirt mud ball between stone charge and sintering raw materials, the heat retaining high temperature of make full use of sintering raw materials layer lower part, make alkali metal K, Na and Zn obtain abundant reduction in the high strength dirt mud ball, get into the sintering dust along with the sintering flue gas, the mode of the sintering-ironmaking circulation enrichment that alkali metal K, Na and Zn exist in the sintering ore and form has been cut off.

Utilize the utility model provides a sintering machine collects the harmful dirt mud of iron and steel plant, carries out rational allocation carbon and intensive mixing back, carries out the pair roller high pressure and presses the ball, obtains high strength dirt mud ball, will spread bed charge, high strength dirt mud ball and sintering raw materials and lay sintering pallet in proper order again and ignite, sinter.

The method for sintering harmful dust and mud by using the sintering machine comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing various dusts and sludge of the steel plant to obtain a dust-sludge mixture, and carrying out the following steps according to TFe in the dust-sludge mixture,

K. Adding coal powder according to the content of Na, Zn and C elements to obtain dust-mud uniform mixture;

(2) carrying out double-roller ball pressing on the dust and mud mixture obtained in the step (1) to obtain dust and mud balls;

(3) and (3) distributing the bottom material, the dust and mud balls obtained in the step (2) and the sintering raw materials on a sintering trolley in sequence, and igniting and sintering.

Preferably, the moisture content of the dust-mud mixture in the step (1) is controlled to be 5-8%.

Preferably, TFe in step (1) is Fe₂O₃In terms of K, Na and Zn, K is respectively counted as K₂O、Na₂O, ZnO, the adding amount of the coal powder is: the molar ratio of the carbon content in the dust and mud mixed material to the total amount (C/O) of oxygen elements in iron oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide and zinc oxide is more than or equal to 1. Preferably, the molar ratio of the carbon content in the dust and mud mixture to the total amount (C/O) of oxygen elements in iron oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide and zinc oxide is 1-1.2.

Preferably, the granularity of the coal dust in the step (1) is less than 200 meshes.

Preferably, the compressive strength of the dust balls in the step (2) is more than or equal to 2 KN. The pellet reaches a certain strength, and the pulverization of the pellet in the process of transportation, distribution and pressure can be reduced.

The particle size of the dust and mud balls in the step (2) is 20-50 mm.

And (3) using sintered ore as the bedding material.

Preferably, the sintering raw material in the step (3) is a conventional sintering material in the prior art, and comprises iron ore powder, a flux and fuel.

Preferably, the material distribution method in the step (3) is as follows: and (3) paving a dust mud ball cloth layer in the step (2) between a sintering raw material layer and a bottom material paving layer on the basis of the existing cloth method. Further preferably, the thickness of the dust mud ball cloth layer in the step (3) is 5-10 cm.

Preferably, the ignition sintering in the step (3) is carried out according to normal production ignition control. Further preferably, the firing sintering process parameters in the step (3) are as follows: ignition time is 1-2 minutes, ignition negative pressure is 15kPa, sintering extraction negative pressure is 15kPa, and the total thickness of a material layer is 800-850 mm. Wherein the total thickness of the material layers comprises a bedding material layer, a dust and mud ball distributing layer and a sintering raw material layer.

On the basis of the prior art, harmful dust and mud in a steel plant and sintering raw materials are separately treated, the components and carbon distribution of various dust and mud are controlled, the high-strength dust and mud balls are formed by rolling the balls, the dust and mud balls are distributed between a sintering bedding material and the sintering raw materials, the high-temperature characteristic of the lower part of a sintering raw material layer is fully utilized (in the process of burning and sintering from top to bottom, the lower part has a heat storage function, and the temperature of the lower part is high), so that alkali metal elements K, Na and Zn in the high-strength dust and mud balls are fully reduced, the alkali metal elements K, Na and Zn enter sintering dust along with sintering flue gas, and the cyclic enrichment mode of sintering-iron making formed by the existence of the alkali metal elements K, Na and Zn in sintering ore is cut off.

The method has simple process and strong operability, not only makes full use of various dusts and sludge of steel plants, but also avoids the adverse effect of alkali metal K, Na and Zn mixed in the sintering and homogenizing materials on sintering indexes and metallurgical properties, and solves the major problem of alkali metal cyclic enrichment.

Compared with the sintering method of the direct mixing of the existing dust mud and the sintering raw materials, the utility model discloses the method obtained sinter-owing to do not join in marriage with the high harmful dust mud of alkali metal in the iron and steel plant, and this part harmful dust mud carries out the direct reduction through pressing the ball and putting between sintering and bedding material, takes away harmful element direct reduction and sintering smoke together, has changed harmful dust mud and has joined in addition the harmful element that causes in the sintering raw materials in the past and at the mode of sintering-iron making cycle accumulation. Thereby being beneficial to the improvement of sintering and iron-making indexes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the dust and mud treatment of the steel plant of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sintering machine according to the present invention and a schematic view of the sintering material distribution.

Reference numerals: 1-a frame; 2-sintering lane; 3-sintering the trolley; 4-a spreading mechanism I; 5-paving a bottom stock bin; 6-a spreading mechanism II; 7-dust mud ball bin; 8-a distributor; 9-sintering the raw material bin; 10-an igniter; 11-a crusher; 12-a conveyor; 13-paving a primer layer; 14-dust mud ball layer; 15-sintering the raw material layer; 16-a feed opening; 17-a scraper.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, but is not limited thereto.

Example 1

Do as shown in the attached drawing 2 the utility model discloses the structure schematic diagram of sintering machine of embodiment, be equipped with sintering lane 2 on the frame 1 of sintering machine, be equipped with sintering pallet 3 on sintering lane 2, sintering pallet 3 includes the platform truck automobile body and sets up the material blocking plate in platform truck automobile body both sides.

The sintering machine is characterized in that a material spreading mechanism I4, a dust-mud ball material spreading mechanism II 6, a sintering raw material distributor 8, an igniter 10, a sintering air suction system and a discharging device are sequentially arranged from the head to the tail of the sintering lane 2, and a crusher 11 and a conveyor 12 are arranged below the discharging device. The upper end of a feed opening of the dust and mud ball spreading mechanism II 6 is connected with a dust and mud ball bin 7, and the dust and mud ball bin 7 is used for storing dust and mud balls. The upper end of the spreading mechanism I4 is connected with a bottom spreading bin 5, and a sintering raw material bin 9 is connected above a sintering raw material distributor 8. Specifically, dust mud ball spreading mechanism II 6 includes a flat feed opening 16, is equipped with the gate valve on the feed opening, controls the unloading. The feed opening 16 is provided with a scraper 17 which has the functions of limiting the height of the dust and mud ball layer and scraping the material layer. The spreading mechanism I4 and the spreading mechanism II 6 can adopt the spreading device of the existing bedding material, and the thickness of the bedding material layer and the dust and mud ball layer can be controlled to be 5-10 cm.

The lower part of the igniter 10 is provided with an air box, an ash bucket and an ash valve, and the conventional design in the field is adopted, and other parts of the sintering machine which are not recorded in detail in the utility model can be designed according to the prior art.

Utilize the utility model discloses a sintering machine, sintering pallet 3 is from the aircraft nose to the tail operation in-process, stone I4 of mechanism, dirt mud ball stone II 6 of mechanism, sintering raw materials distributing device 8 cloth in proper order, the sinter bed is bed charge layer 13, dirt mud ball layer 14, sintering raw materials layer 15 from bottom to top in proper order, ignite through ignition 10, begin the sintering under bellows negative pressure, the sintering is accomplished the back, the sinter is through cooling, 12 is seen off by the conveyer after the breakage, accomplish whole sintering process.

The utility model discloses a sintering machine increases dirt mud ball stone material mechanism II between bedding material stone material mechanism I and sintering raw materials distributing device, lays the dirt mud ball between bedding material and sintering raw materials, and the high temperature of make full use of sintering raw materials layer lower part heat accumulation makes alkali metal K, Na and Zn obtain abundant reduction in the high strength dirt mud ball, gets into the sintering dust along with the sintering flue gas, has cut off alkali metal K, Na and Zn and has existed in the sintering ore and the sintering-the circulation mode of ironmaking's the enrichment that forms.

Test example 1

The sintering method of harmful dust and mud in steel plant utilizes the sintering machine, and the mixture of harmful dust and mud in steel enterprise includes tail ash of sintering machine, dry dedusting ash of blast furnace, dedusting ash of electric furnace and steel-smelting sludge, and its composition is shown in Table 1.

Mixing the sintering machine tail ash, the blast furnace dry method fly ash, the electric furnace fly ash and the steel-making sludge according to the dry basis weight ratio of 0.25:0.1:0.3:0.35 respectively to obtain a dust-mud mixture. Wherein Fe is completely Fe₂O₃The existence form is calculated, K, Na and Zn are respectively K₂O、Na₂O, ZnO, adding coal powder according to the content of oxygen elements in oxides of C, TFe, K, Na and Zn in the dust-mud mixture to obtain the dust-mud mixture. The adding amount of the coal powder is controlled to control the molar ratio of the carbon (C) content in the dust and mud uniformly mixed material to the oxygen element (O) in the oxides of TFe, K, Na and Zn to be 1, and the coal powder is added, and the granularity of the coal powder is less than 200 meshes.

Controlling the moisture content of the dust and mud mixture to be 7%, fully mixing, and then carrying out ball pressing on a double-roller ball press, wherein the compressive strength of the obtained dust and mud balls is shown in the following table 2, and 10 dust and mud balls are taken to respectively detect the compressive strength.

And (3) distributing the dust and mud balls on a sintering bedding material layer by using the sintering machine, and controlling the thickness of the dust and mud ball material layer to be 10cm (the thickness of the sintering raw material layer is 70cm, and the thickness of the bedding material is 5 cm). The dust-mud ball material layer is thin, although the components are greatly different from the sintering raw materials, the amount is small, the reduction degree of iron is high, and the influence on the use of the burden of the later-sintering blast furnace is small; the sintering process indexes are normal.

The sintering process parameters are as follows: ignition time is 1 minute, ignition temperature is 1000 ℃, negative pressure is 15KPa, and the total thickness of the cloth is 850 mm.

The components of the dust mud balls before and after sintering are detected and calculated, and the removal rates of the alkali metal element K, Na and Zn are respectively 60%, 57% and 52%. The contents of K, Na and Zn before sintering were 0.06%, 0.05% and 0.04%, respectively, and the contents of K, Na and Zn after sintering were 0.046%, 0.047% and 0.043%, respectively, calculated on the basis of the sintering raw material; the removal rates were 30%, 15% and 3%, respectively. The carbon of the dust-mud balls is separately arranged on the sintering and bottom material laying layers, which is more beneficial to the removal of alkali metals, and reduces the adverse effect of smelting that the alkali metals are carried into a blast furnace along with sintering ores caused by mixing the dust and mud in the sintering raw materials for sintering. Solves the problem of the cyclic enrichment of harmful elements caused by the use of the past dust and mud.

TABLE 1 dust and mud compositions

TABLE 2 compression Strength of dust and mud balls

Numbering	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
											Unit, N	2800	3200	3600	2100	3800	4000	3300	2900	2800	2400

Test example 2

A method for sintering harmful dust and mud in steel plants, which utilizes the sintering machine described in example 1, wherein the dust and mud mixture of steel enterprises comprises shaft furnace dust, blast furnace dust, steel-making coarse dust, upper and lower groove dust and steel-making sludge, and the compositions of the dust and mud mixture are shown in the following table 3.

Mixing the shaft furnace dust, the blast furnace dry method dust, the steelmaking coarse ash, the upper and lower groove dust and the steelmaking sludge in a dry basis weight ratio of 0.3:0.15:0.1:0.25: 0.2. Wherein Fe is completely Fe₂O₃The existence form is calculated, K, Na and Zn are respectively K₂O、Na₂O, ZnO meter. According to C, TFe, K, Na and Zn in the dust-mud mixtureAdding coal powder into the oxide to obtain the dust-mud mixture. The adding amount of the coal powder is controlled to control the molar ratio of the carbon (C) content in the dust and mud uniformly mixed material to the oxygen element (O) in the oxides of TFe, K, Na and Zn to be 1.2, and the granularity of the coal powder is less than 200 meshes.

The moisture content of the dust and mud blending material is controlled to be 8%, after the dust and mud blending material is fully mixed, balls are pressed by a pair of roller ball pressing machines, and the compressive strength of the sludge balls is shown in the following table 4.

And (3) distributing the dust and mud balls into a sintering bedding material layer by using the sintering machine, and controlling the thickness of the dust and mud ball material layer to be 5cm (the thickness of the sintering raw material layer is 70cm, and the thickness of the bedding material is 5 cm). The sintering process indexes are normal.

The sintering process parameters are as follows: the ignition time is 1.5 minutes, the ignition temperature is 950 ℃, the negative pressure is 15KPa, and the total thickness of the cloth is 800 mm.

The components of the dust mud balls before and after sintering are detected and calculated, and the removal rates of the alkali metal element K, Na and Zn are respectively 55%, 49% and 45%. The contents of K, Na and Zn in the sintering raw material before sintering are respectively 0.05%, 0.05% and 0.04%, and the contents of K, Na and Zn after sintering are respectively 0.04%, 0.045% and 0.042%; the removal rates were 27%, 18% and 4.5%, respectively. The carbon of the dust-mud balls is separately arranged on the sintering and bottom material laying layers, which is more beneficial to the removal of alkali metals, and reduces the adverse effect of smelting that the alkali metals are carried into a blast furnace along with sintering ores caused by mixing the dust and mud in the sintering raw materials for sintering. Solves the problem of the cyclic enrichment of harmful elements caused by the use of the past dust and mud.

TABLE 3 composition of each dust and mud

TABLE 4 compressive strength of sludge balls

Numbering	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
											Unit, N	3500	3300	3200	4100	3900	4000	3600	4200	3800	4200

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The sintering machine for sintering the harmful dust and mud in the steel plant is characterized in that a paving mechanism I for paving a bedding material, a paving mechanism II for paving dust and mud balls, a distributor for sintering raw materials and an igniter are sequentially arranged on a sintering lane from a head to a tail.

2. The sintering machine for sintering harmful dust and mud in a steel plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material spreading mechanism I and the material spreading mechanism II comprise a flat feeding port, and a gate valve is arranged on the feeding port to control feeding.

3. The sintering machine for sintering harmful dust and mud in a steel plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein the feed openings of the paving mechanism I and the paving mechanism II are provided with a scraper.

4. The sintering machine for sintering harmful dust and mud in steel and iron plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material distributor is a multi-roller material distributor.

5. The sintering machine for sintering harmful dust and mud in a steel plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein a crusher is arranged at the tail end of the sintering lane.

6. The sintering machine for sintering harmful dust and mud in steel and iron works according to claim 5, wherein a conveyor is arranged at the lower end of the crusher.

7. The sintering machine for sintering harmful dust and mud in a steel plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the feed opening of the spreading mechanism II is connected with a dust and mud ball bin for storing dust and mud balls.

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