CN215227986U - Blade of retractor and retractor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a blade and retractor of retractor, the retractor includes the track, fixed arm and moving arm, the fixed arm links firmly in the track, the moving arm movably sets up on the track and is operable to move along the direction that is close to or keeps away from the fixed arm, the quantity of blade is two and is used for connecting the connecting block on fixed arm and moving arm respectively, the top of blade has along its length direction extension and is used for connecting the connecting axle of connecting block, the blade can set up on the connecting block around the central axis rotation of connecting axle, wherein, two blades are arranged in stretching into the incision of tissue and all have along the relative first side of thickness direction and the second side of blade, two first sides are used for respectively the butt in the tissue, be used for forming the operation region between two second sides. Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the blade flexibility ratio of the retractor that this disclosure provided is high, is convenient for art person to observe and operate in the art.

Description

Blade of retractor and retractor

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of surgical medical equipment, in particular to a blade of a retractor and the retractor.

Background

The retractor is matched with an orthopedic surgery navigation system for use, and is common in orthopedic surgery. The retractor is used for retracting tissues and exposing a surgical field so as to facilitate exploration and operation of an operator. The blades are mounted to the actuating end of the retractor for extending into an incision in tissue to dilate the incision for a surgical procedure. In the related art, the blades are fixedly connected to the execution end of the retractor, the angles of the blades cannot be adjusted in the operation process, and the operation and the exploration are inconvenient.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present disclosure is directed to a blade of a retractor and a retractor, which has high flexibility and is convenient for an operator to observe and operate during an operation, so as to partially solve the above problems in the related art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a blade of a retractor, the retractor including a rail, a fixed arm and a movable arm, the fixed arm being fixedly connected to the rail, the movable arm being movably disposed on the rail and being operable to move in a direction close to or away from the fixed arm, the number of the blades being two and being used for connecting blocks respectively connected to the fixed arm and the movable arm, a tip of the blade having a connecting shaft extending in a length direction thereof and being used for connecting to the connecting blocks, the blade being rotatably disposed on the connecting blocks around a central axis of the connecting shaft, wherein two of the blades are used for extending into an incision of a tissue and each have a first side and a second side opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the blade, and two of the first sides are used for abutting against the tissue respectively, two of the second sides are used for forming an operation area.

Optionally, a bottom end of the first side face is configured with a sheet-like protrusion perpendicular to the first side face and extending in a width direction of the blade.

Optionally, the top end of the second side face is provided with a mounting portion, and the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the mounting portion.

Optionally, the second side is configured with an arcuate channel that is concave and extends in the length direction.

Optionally, the blade is made of engineering plastic.

Another aspect of the present disclosure also provides a retractor, including: a rail extending in a first direction; the fixed arm is fixedly connected with the track and extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a moving arm movably disposed on the rail along the first direction and extending along the second direction; and two blades of the retractor, wherein the two blades are used for being detachably connected with the connecting blocks on the fixed arm and the movable arm respectively, and an operation area is formed between the two blades.

Optionally, the connecting shaft is provided with a first annular groove, a bottom wall of the first annular groove encloses a mounting shaft section with a diameter smaller than that of the connecting shaft, the connecting block is provided with a shaft hole for mounting the mounting shaft section, a side wall of the connecting block is provided with a notch communicated with the shaft hole for the mounting shaft section to pass through the notch and be mounted in the shaft hole, the retractor further comprises a first locking component, a mounting channel is arranged in the connecting block, the first locking component comprises a lock pin main body movably arranged in the mounting channel and capable of moving relative to the mounting channel along an axis of the first locking component, the mounting channel is provided with a first opening communicated with the notch and allowing a first end of the lock pin main body to pass through, the first locking component has a locking state and an unlocking state, and in the locking state, the first end of the lock pin main body extends into the notch through the first opening to stop the mounting shaft segment in the shaft hole, and in the unlocking state, the first end of the lock pin main body avoids the notch to allow the mounting shaft segment to be separated from the shaft hole.

Optionally, the mounting channel has a second opening opposite to the first opening, the mounting channel includes a first channel section, a second channel section and a third channel section, the diameters of which are sequentially increased from the first opening to the second opening, the locking pin main body has a first limiting block located in the second channel section, a blocking block is arranged in the third channel section, and the blocking block has a pin hole for passing through a second end opposite to the first end of the locking pin main body.

Optionally, the first locking assembly further includes a first elastic resetting member disposed in the second channel section, and two ends of the first elastic resetting member respectively abut against the limiting block and the blocking block, so as to provide an elastic force for the lock pin main body to move toward one side of the first opening.

Optionally, the connecting block has around the first fan-shaped spacing groove that the shaft hole set up, the connecting axle has and is used for inserting the second stopper of first fan-shaped spacing inslot, in order to be used for the restriction the connecting axle is in the angular rotation that first fan-shaped spacing groove was injectd, the up end of connecting block is provided with first heavy groove, the shaft hole sets up on the diapire of first heavy groove, first fan-shaped spacing groove sets up on the lateral wall of first heavy groove.

Optionally, the connecting block has a first connecting end and a second connecting end opposite to each other, the connecting block is pivotally connected to the fixed arm or the movable arm by a first pivot shaft located between the first connecting end and the second connecting end, the first pivot shaft extends along the second direction, the first connecting end is connected to the fixed arm or the movable arm by a driving member, the driving member is used for lockably driving the connecting block to rotate around a central axis of the first pivot shaft, and the second connecting end is used for detachably connecting with the blade.

Optionally, the driving member includes a first driving rod movably disposed on the fixed arm or the movable arm in a third direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction, the first driving rod has a second annular groove, a bottom wall of the second annular groove encloses a working section with a diameter smaller than that of the first driving rod, the first connecting end of the connecting block is provided with a first U-shaped opening for accommodating the working section, and two forks on two sides of the first U-shaped opening are disposed in the second annular groove.

Optionally, the fixed arm with the removal arm all includes first support arm and second support arm, the one end of first support arm connect in track, the other end pivotally connect in the one end of second support arm, the second support arm is kept away from the other end of first support arm connect in the connecting block, first support arm with one of two adjacent end of second support arm is provided with the second U-shaped opening, and the other is provided with and inserts the lug in the second U-shaped opening, the lug pass through threaded fastener 11 connect in two forks body of second U-shaped opening both sides, threaded fastener is used for operativelyincreasing or reducing second U-shaped opening with the frictional force between the lug to increase or reduce the second support arm is around threaded fastener's axis for first support arm pivoted resistance.

Optionally, the retractor further comprises a transmission mechanism, the movable arm moves in the first direction through the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a rack, a gear and a second driving rod, the rack is arranged on the track and extends in the first direction, the gear can be rotatably arranged on the movable arm around the axis of the gear and is meshed with the rack, and the second driving rod is coaxially connected with the gear and is used for driving the gear to rotate.

Optionally, the retractor further comprises a second locking assembly, the second locking assembly comprises an unlocking shifting piece, the unlocking shifting piece is provided with a proximal end and a distal end which are opposite, the unlocking shifting piece is pivotally connected to the moving arm through a second pivot shaft between the proximal end and the distal end, the proximal end is provided with a locking structure used for being connected with the rack in a clamping mode, the second locking assembly is provided with a locking state and a non-locking state, the locking structure is connected with the rack in a clamping mode so that the moving arm is locked on the track, and the locking structure is separated from the rack so as to allow the moving arm to move along the first direction.

Optionally, the second locking assembly further comprises a second elastic reset piece arranged between the unlocking poking piece and the moving arm, so as to provide an elastic force for the proximal end of the unlocking poking piece to move towards one side of the rack.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the blade of the retractor that this disclosure provided promptly utilizes the blade to set up on the connecting block of fixed arm or travelling arm around the central axis of its connecting axle ground of rotating, can adjust the operation area and expose the scope in the art, the operation in the operation of being convenient for operator's observation and art. In a specific work, when the incision of the tissue is expanded, the two blades extend into the incision of the tissue, and then the moving arm is controlled to move in the direction away from the fixed arm so as to increase the distance between the two blades, so that the operation area between the two blades is adjusted to be a proper size. When the operation area or the exposed visual field range needs to be adjusted in the operation, the two blades can be controlled to rotate in opposite directions simultaneously, so that the exposed visual field range of the area on one side between the two blades is enlarged, an operator can conveniently probe and operate the area on the side, or one of the blades can be controlled to rotate, so as to finely adjust the exposed visual field range after the rotation of the blade. Thus, unnecessary damage caused by enlarging the incision by controlling the movement of the moving arm again can be avoided. Therefore, the blade of the retractor provided by the disclosure can increase the flexibility of the blade, is convenient for the intraoperative adjustment of an operation area and the range of exposed visual field, is convenient for the observation and the intraoperative operation of an operator, and can reduce the damage to tissues.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a top view of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a blade provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a perspective view of a connection block of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a front view of a connection block of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at the location A-A in FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a connection block and a fixing arm of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a perspective view of a connection block and a securing arm of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a track, a fixed arm, and a moving arm of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the track, fixed arm and moving arm of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 11 is a perspective view of a track, a fixed arm, and a moving arm of a retractor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

1-a track; 2-a fixed arm; 3-moving the arm; 310-a mobile seat; 4-a blade; 410-a connecting shaft; 411 — first annular groove; 412-installing a shaft section; 420-a first side; 430-a second side; 440-a plate-like projection; 450-a mounting portion; 460-an arcuate channel; 470-a second stopper; 5, connecting blocks; 510-shaft hole; 520-a gap; 530-installing a channel; 531 — first opening; 532-a second opening; 533-a first channel segment; 534-second channel segment; 535-third channel segment; 540-a first sink; 541-a first fan-shaped limit groove; 550-a first U-shaped opening; 560-second sink; 561-second sector limit groove; 6-a first locking assembly; 610-a latch body; 611-a first stopper; 620-plugging block; 630-a first resilient return member; 640-a pull button; 7-a first pivot axis; 8-a driving member; 810-a first drive rod; 811-a second annular groove; 812-a working section; 9-a first support arm; 910-a second U-shaped opening; 10-a second support arm; 1010-bumps; 11-a threaded fastener; 12-a rack; 13-a gear; 14-a second drive rod; 15-unlocking the shifting piece; 16-a second pivot axis; 17-the surgical field; 18-a knob; 19-a second elastic return member; 20-a slide rail; 21-sliding block.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present disclosure, for convenience of description, a three-coordinate, i.e., XYZ coordinate system is defined for the retractor, wherein the Z direction corresponds to a third direction, and a side indicated by an arrow is up, and vice versa; the X direction corresponds to the first direction, and one side indicated by an arrow is left, otherwise, the X direction is right; the Y direction corresponds to the second direction. Where nothing contrary is intended, use of the directional phrases such as "inner and outer" is intended to refer to the inner and outer relative to the contours of the component or structure itself. In addition, it should be noted that terms such as "first", "second", and the like are used for distinguishing one element from another, and have no order or importance. In addition, in the description with reference to the drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same elements.

In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, a blade of a retractor is provided. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the retractor includes a rail 1, a fixed arm 2 and a moving arm 3, the fixed arm 2 is fixedly connected to the rail 1, the moving arm 3 is movably disposed on the rail 1 and is operable to move in a direction approaching to or away from the fixed arm 2, two blades 4 are provided and are used for connecting to the connecting blocks 5 on the fixed arm 2 and the moving arm 3, the top ends of the blades 4 are provided with connecting shafts 410 extending along the length direction thereof and used for connecting to the connecting blocks 5, the blades 4 are rotatably disposed on the connecting blocks 5 around the central axis of the connecting shafts 410, wherein the two blades 4 are used for extending into an incision of tissue and are provided with first sides 420 and second sides 430 opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the blades, the two first sides 420 are used for abutting against the tissue, and the two second sides 430 are used for forming an operation area 17.

Through the technical scheme, namely the blades of the retractor provided by the disclosure are rotatably arranged on the connecting block 5 of the fixed arm 2 or the movable arm 3 around the central axis of the connecting shaft 410 by utilizing the blades 4, so that the operation area and the range of the exposed visual field can be adjusted in the operation, and the observation and the operation in the operation of an operator are facilitated. In a specific operation, when the incision of the tissue is expanded, the two blades 4 are inserted into the incision of the tissue, and then the moving arm 3 is controlled to move in a direction away from the fixed arm 2 so as to increase the distance between the two blades 4, thereby adjusting the operation area between the two blades 4 to a proper size. When the surgical area or the exposed visual field needs to be adjusted during the operation, referring to fig. 2, the two blades 4 can be controlled to rotate in opposite directions at the same time, so that the exposed visual field of the area on one side between the two blades 4 can be enlarged, which is convenient for the operator to probe and operate the area on the side, or one of the blades 4 can be controlled to rotate, so as to fine-tune the visual field exposed after the rotation of the blade 4. In this way, unnecessary damage caused by the expansion of the incision by controlling the movement of the moving arm 3 again can be avoided. Therefore, the blades of the retractor provided by the disclosure can increase the flexibility of the blades 4, facilitate the adjustment of the operation area and the range of the exposed visual field in the operation, facilitate the observation and the operation of the operator in the operation, and reduce the damage to the tissues.

In some embodiments, as shown with reference to fig. 3, the bottom end of the first side face 420 is configured with a sheet-like protrusion 440 perpendicular to the first side face 420 and extending in the width direction of the blade 4. Thus, the flap-like projection 440 facilitates the plucking of the tissue to reveal the surgical field.

In some embodiments, as shown with reference to fig. 3, the thickness of the tab-like projection 440 tapers away from the first side 420 to better pop apart tissue and reveal a field of view.

In order to avoid the connecting shaft 410 from obstructing the exposed view, the operation and exploration of the operator are affected. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the top end of the second side 430 is configured with a mounting portion 450, and the connecting shaft 410 is fixedly connected to the mounting portion 450. Thus, positioning the mounting portion 450 on the second side 430 avoids interference with the operator's manipulation and investigation. The mounting portion 450 may be configured in any suitable manner for mounting the connecting shaft 410, for example, may be configured as a mounting seat perpendicular to the second side 430 as shown in fig. 3, which is not particularly limited by the present disclosure. In addition, the connection shaft 410 may be fixed to the mounting portion 450 by using a threaded fastener such as a bolt, which is not limited in this disclosure.

To further expand the operative field or reveal the field of view, in some embodiments, and as shown with reference to fig. 2 and 3, the second side 430 is configured with an arcuate channel 460 that is concave and extends along the length of the blade 4. In this way, in the use condition, a substantially circular or elliptical operation area is formed between the two blades 4, facilitating the operation and exploration of the operator and the ingress and egress of surgical instruments.

To optimize the light permeability of the retractor during surgical field fluoroscopy, the blades 4 may be made of engineering plastic in some embodiments. Specifically, the blade 4 can be made of PEEK material, so that the artifacts in the operation area can be reduced, and the observation and judgment of an operator are facilitated. Here, the light permeability refers to a property of transmitting infrared light.

In a specific embodiment of the second aspect of the disclosure, a retractor is provided. Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the retractor includes: a rail 1, the rail 1 extending in a first direction; the fixed arm 2 is fixedly connected with the track 1 and extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a moving arm 3 which is provided on the rail 1 so as to be movable in a first direction and extends in a second direction; and the blades of the retractor described above, the number of blades 4 being two and intended to be removably connected to the connecting blocks 5 on the fixed arm 2 and on the mobile arm 3, respectively, between the two blades 4 for forming the operating area 17. In this way, the blades 4 are detachably connected to the corresponding connecting blocks 5, so that the blades 4 can be conveniently detached and replaced, and the blades 4 with corresponding sizes can be conveniently replaced according to different patients or different operation positions. In addition, the blades 4 can be rotatably arranged on the fixed arm 2 or the movable arm 3 around the central axis of the connecting shaft 410, so that the flexibility of the retractor provided by the second aspect of the disclosure can be increased, the adjustment of the operation area and the range of the exposed visual field in the operation can be facilitated, and the exploration and the operation in the operation of an operator can be facilitated. The first direction can refer to the X-axis direction in fig. 1, and the second direction can refer to the Y-axis direction in fig. 1.

When the retractor is used, the track 1 can be fixed on an operating table or a support frame, so that the movable arm 3 can be operated to move along the first direction, and the tissue incision can be expanded. Wherein the support frame may be configured in any suitable manner for the purpose of supporting the fixing rail 1, which the present disclosure is not particularly limited to.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 to 6, the connecting shaft 410 has a first annular groove 411, the bottom wall of the first annular groove 411 defines a mounting shaft segment 412 with a diameter smaller than that of the connecting shaft 410, the connecting block 5 has a shaft hole 510 for mounting the mounting shaft segment 412, the side wall of the connecting block 5 is provided with a notch 520 communicated with the shaft hole 510 for mounting the mounting shaft segment 412 in the shaft hole 510 through the notch 520, the retractor further comprises a first locking component 6, a mounting channel 530 is arranged in the connecting block 5, the first locking component 6 comprises a locking pin main body 610 movably arranged in the mounting channel 530 and capable of moving along its own axis relative to the mounting channel 530, the mounting channel 530 has a first opening 531 communicated with the notch 520 and penetrated by a first end of the locking pin main body 610, the first locking component 6 has a locking state and an unlocking state, in the locked state, the first end of the lock pin body 610 extends through the first opening 531 into the notch 520 to stop the mounting shaft segment 412 in the shaft bore 510, and in the unlocked state, the first end of the lock pin body 610 clears the notch 520 to allow the mounting shaft segment 412 to disengage from the shaft bore 510. The vane 4 is mounted in the shaft hole 510 of the connecting block 5 through the mounting shaft section 412 thereon and stopped by the first end of the locking pin body 610 to prevent the vane 4 from being separated, so that the detachable connection of the vane 4 and the connecting block 5 can be achieved while the vane 4 can be rotated about the central axis of the connecting shaft 410.

In some specific embodiments, referring to fig. 6, the installation channel 530 has a second opening 532 opposite the first opening 531, the installation channel 530 includes a first channel segment 533, a second channel segment 534, and a third channel segment 535 that have successively larger diameters from the first opening 531 to the second opening 532, the locking pin body 610 has a first stop block 611 located in the second channel segment 534, the third channel segment 535 has a block 620 located therein, and the block 620 has a pin hole for passing a second end of the locking pin body 610 opposite the first end. Thus, in a specific operation, the second end of the lock pin body 610 is pulled to move away from the first opening 531, so that the first end of the lock pin body 610 is avoided from the notch 520, and at this time, the locking assembly is in an unlocked state, and the blade 4 can be detached from the connecting block 5 from the notch 520, or the blade 4 can be installed on the connecting block 5 from the notch 520. Wherein the blocking piece 620 can be connected to the third channel segment 535 by a threaded connection for limiting the first limiting block 611 in the second channel segment 534 to prevent the locking pin body 610 from being separated from the installation channel 530. In addition, the first stopper 611 may be configured in any suitable shape, such as a circle, a square, or other irregular shape, and may be configured in a shape matching the second channel section 534 for being slidably connected to the second channel section 534, so that the stability of the movement of the locking pin body 610 can be increased, and the stability of the stopping of the blade 4 on the connecting block 5 can be increased.

In order to achieve the automatic locking function of the first locking component 6, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, the first locking component 6 further includes a first elastic resetting member 630 disposed in the second channel section 534, and two ends of the first elastic resetting member 630 respectively abut against the limiting block 611 and the blocking block 620, so as to provide an elastic force for the locking pin main body 610 to move towards the first opening 531 side. Thus, after the blade 4 is mounted on the connecting block 5, the second end of the lock pin main body 610 is released, and the lock pin main body 610 is automatically switched to the locking state, that is, the first end of the lock pin main body 610 extends to the notch 520 through the first opening 531 under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic reset piece 630, so as to stop the blade 4 on the connecting block 5, and thus, the automatic locking function is realized. The first elastic reset piece 630 may be a spring, and the spring may be sleeved on the locking pin main body 610 so that two ends of the spring respectively abut against the limiting block 611 and the blocking block 620, or the number of the springs may be multiple, and the multiple springs are arranged between the limiting block 611 and the blocking block 620 at intervals around the circumference of the locking pin main body 610.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, the second end of the locking pin body 610 may be attached with a pull button 640, so that the locking pin body 610 is moved by pulling the pull button 640 for operation.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the connection block 5 has a first fan-shaped limiting groove 541 disposed around the shaft hole 510, and the connection shaft 410 has a second limiting block 470 inserted into the first fan-shaped limiting groove 541 for limiting the connection shaft 410 from rotating within an angle defined by the first fan-shaped limiting groove 541. In this way, the rotation of the connection shaft 410 within a predetermined angle can be limited by the fan-shaped angle of the first fan-shaped limiting groove 541, so as to enhance the flexibility of the blade 4 and ensure the stability of the retractor during use. The fan-shaped angle of the first fan-shaped limiting groove 541 may be 30 °, 40 ° or any other suitable angle according to actual requirements, and the disclosure is not limited in detail herein. In addition, the second stopper 470 may be configured in any suitable manner, for example, the cross section thereof may be configured as a trapezoid, a triangle, or the like, and the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In some specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the upper end surface of the connection block 5 is provided with a first sinking groove 540, the shaft hole 510 is provided on the bottom wall of the first sinking groove 540, and the first fan-shaped retaining groove 541 is provided on the side wall of the first sinking groove 540. Thus, when the mounting shaft section 412 is located in the shaft hole 510, the second limit block 470 can be inserted into the first fan-shaped limit groove 541 formed in the first sinking groove 540.

In some specific embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the connection shaft 410 may be provided with a plurality of mounting shaft segments 412 at intervals along the axial direction thereof, so that a suitable mounting shaft segment 412 is selected to be mounted in the shaft hole 510 according to actual use requirements. The shaft body of the connecting shaft 410 between two adjacent mounting shaft segments 412 is provided with a second limiting block 470, so that when any one of the mounting shaft segments 412 is matched with the shaft hole 510, the corresponding second limiting block 470 can be inserted into the first fan-shaped limiting groove 541.

In addition, as shown in fig. 8, the lower end surface of the connecting block 5 may also be provided with a second sinking groove 560, the shaft hole 510 is provided on the bottom wall of the second sinking groove 560, and the side wall of the second sinking groove 560 is provided with a second fan-shaped limiting groove 561. Thus, when the mounting shaft section 412 is located in the shaft hole 510, the two second limiting blocks 470 adjacent to each other up and down are respectively inserted into the corresponding first fan-shaped limiting groove 541 and the second fan-shaped limiting groove 561, so as to enhance the mounting stability of the blade 4 and the connecting block 5.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, 7 and 8, the connecting block 5 has a first connecting end and a second connecting end opposite to each other, the connecting block 5 is pivotally connected to the fixed arm 2 or the movable arm 3 through a first pivot shaft 7 located between the first connecting end and the second connecting end, the first pivot shaft 7 extends in the second direction, the first connecting end is connected to the fixed arm 2 or the movable arm 3 through a driving member 8, the driving member 8 is used for lockably driving the connecting block 5 to rotate around the central axis of the first pivot shaft 7, and the second connecting end is used for detachably connecting with the blade 4. Like this, can drive connecting block 5 through driving piece 8 and rotate around the central axis of first pivot axle 7, and then can drive blade 4 and rotate around the central axis of first pivot axle 7 to increase the flexibility ratio of blade 4, be favorable to art person's operation and explore. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the two blades 4 can rotate around an axis parallel to the second direction under the driving of the corresponding driving parts 8, when the two blades 4 rotate in opposite directions, that is, the blade 4 on the left side rotates clockwise, and the blade 4 on the right side rotates counterclockwise, a tapered channel with a small upper space and a large lower space can be formed in the operation area 17, which is beneficial to expanding the operation area below the operation area 17 and is convenient for an operator to operate and explore; similarly, the two blades can also rotate in the opposite directions, that is, the blade 4 on the left side rotates anticlockwise, and the blade 4 on the right side rotates clockwise, so that the operation area 17 can form an inverted cone-shaped channel with a large upper side space and a small lower side space, which is beneficial for surgical instruments and the like to enter the operation area and is beneficial for operators to operate; in addition, the two blades 4 can also be operated to rotate in the same direction, so that the operation region 17 forms a passage extending obliquely, thereby facilitating the exploration in multiple directions in the operation.

In some specific embodiments, referring to fig. 7, the driving member 8 includes a first driving rod 810 movably disposed on the fixed arm 2 or the moving arm 3 in a third direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction, the first driving rod 810 has a second annular groove 811 thereon, a bottom wall of the second annular groove 811 encloses a working section 812 having a diameter smaller than that of the first driving rod 810, the first connecting end of the connecting block 5 is provided with a first U-shaped opening 550 accommodating the working section 812, and two forks on both sides of the first U-shaped opening 550 are disposed in the second annular groove 811. In this way, the up-and-down movement of the driving member 8 drives the first connecting end of the connecting block 5 to move along, so as to realize the rotation of the connecting block 5 around the central axis of the first pivot shaft 7. The distance between the upper and lower opposite side walls of the second annular groove 811 is greater than the thickness of the first connection end of the connection block 5, so that the first connection end of the connection block 5 can move up and down along with the driving member 8. In addition, the range of the rotation angle of the joint block 5 can be limited by controlling the distance between the upper and lower opposite sidewalls of the second annular groove 811, for example, the rotation of the joint block 5 about the central axis of the first pivot shaft 7 can be limited to 30 °, 40 °, or any other suitable angle.

In some embodiments, the first driving lever 810 may be threadedly coupled to the driving arm 2 or the moving arm 3, such that the first driving lever 810 may be moved up and down with respect to the fixed arm 2 or the moving arm 3 by rotating the first driving lever 810.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, each of the fixed arm 2 and the movable arm 3 includes a first arm 9 and a second arm 10, one end of the first arm 9 is connected to the rail 1, the other end is pivotally connected to one end of the second arm 10, the other end of the second arm 10, which is away from the first arm 9, is connected to the connecting block 5, one of two adjacent ends of the first arm 9 and the second arm 10 is provided with a second U-shaped opening 910, the other end is provided with a projection 1010 inserted into the second U-shaped opening 910, the projection 1010 is connected to two prongs on both sides of the second U-shaped opening 910 through a threaded fastener 11, and the threaded fastener 11 is used for operatively increasing or decreasing the friction between the second U-shaped opening 910 and the projection 1010 to increase or decrease the resistance of the second arm 10 to rotation relative to the first arm 9 around the axis of the threaded fastener 11. Fig. 1 and 2 show an embodiment in which the second U-shaped opening 910 is disposed on the first arm 9, and the protrusion 1010 is disposed on the second arm 10, the friction between the second U-shaped opening 910 and the protrusion 1010 can be adjusted by the threaded fastener 11, and when it is desired to rotate the second arm 10 relative to the first arm 9, the threaded fastener 11 can be rotated to reduce the friction resistance therebetween; when the second arm 10 is rotated by a desired angle, the threaded fastener 11 may be rotated in the reverse direction to increase the frictional resistance therebetween, so that the second arm 10 is held at the current position. Thus, by rotating the two second support arms 10, the two blades 4 can rotate around the axis of the threaded fastener 11, and further the operation area 17 can form an inclined operation channel, so that the operation and the multi-directional exploration of an operator are facilitated, and the flexibility of the blades 4 is further increased.

In some specific embodiments, the two prongs on both sides of the second U-shaped opening 910 are a first prong and a second prong respectively, and the threaded fastener 11 may be a bolt, which sequentially passes through the first prong, the protrusion 1010 and the second prong and is in threaded connection with the second prong, so that the friction between the first prong, the second prong and the protrusion 1010 can be increased or decreased by rotating the bolt, and the resistance to rotation of the second arm 10 relative to the first arm 9 about the axis of the threaded fastener 11 can be increased or decreased.

In some embodiments, the retractor further comprises a transmission mechanism by which the moving arm 3 is moved in the first direction.

The transmission mechanism may be configured in any suitable manner according to the actual application requirements, for example, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the transmission mechanism includes a rack 12, a gear 13 and a second driving rod 14, the rack 12 is disposed on the track 1 and extends along the first direction, the gear 13 is rotatably disposed on the moving arm 3 around its axis and is engaged with the rack 12, and the second driving rod 14 is coaxially connected with the gear 13 for driving the gear 13 to rotate. In this way, the gear 13 can be rotated by rotating the second driving rod 14, and the movement of the moving arm 3 in the first direction can be realized.

The driving manner of the second driving rod 14 may be implemented in any suitable manner according to practical application requirements, for example, the second driving rod 14 may be in transmission connection with a driving motor, and the driving motor drives the second driving rod 14 to rotate, or a knob 18 as shown in fig. 9 may also be disposed on the second driving rod 14, and the knob 18 is rotated manually to drive the second driving rod 14 to rotate, which is not limited in this disclosure.

It is considered that the moving arm 3 needs to be relatively fixed at a desired position when it is moved to the desired position. Thus, in some embodiments, and as shown with reference to fig. 9 and 10, the retractor further comprises a second locking assembly comprising an unlocking paddle 15, the unlocking paddle 15 having opposite proximal and distal ends, the unlocking paddle 15 being pivotally connected to the mobile arm 3 by a second pivot 16 located between the proximal and distal ends, the proximal end having a locking structure for engaging with the rack 12, the second locking assembly having a locked state in which the locking structure engages with the rack 12 to lock the mobile arm 3 on the track 1 and an unlocked state in which the locking structure disengages from the rack 12 to allow the mobile arm 3 to move in the first direction. Thus, when the position of the moving arm 3 needs to be adjusted, the far end of the unlocking poking piece 15 is poked, so that the locking structure at the near end is separated from the rack 12, and the locking of the moving arm 3 is released; when the moving arm 3 needs to be locked on the track 1, the far end of the unlocking poking piece 15 can be poked, so that the locking structure at the near end of the unlocking poking piece is clamped on the rack 12, and the moving arm 3 is locked on the track 1. Wherein the locking structure may be configured as one or more teeth that engage with the toothed rack 12 to lock the moving arm 3 on the rail 1 by engagement with the toothed rack 12.

In order to achieve the automatic locking function of the second locking assembly, in some embodiments, the second locking assembly further includes a second elastic reset piece 19 disposed between the unlocking paddle 15 and the moving arm 3 for providing an elastic force for moving the proximal end of the unlocking paddle 15 toward the side of the rack 12. Like this, after removing the migration arm 3 and reaching required position, loosen the distal end of unblock plectrum 15, unblock plectrum 15 rotates under the elasticity effect that second elasticity resets 19 to order about the locking structure joint in rack 12 of unblock plectrum 15 near-end, realize automatic locking function, increase the convenience of operation.

In some specific embodiments, referring to fig. 11, the second elastic resetting member 19 may be a torsion spring sleeved on the second pivot shaft 16, and two ends of the torsion spring respectively abut against the distal end of the unlocking pulling piece 15 and the moving arm 3, so as to provide an elastic force for moving the proximal end of the unlocking pulling piece 15 toward one side of the rack 12.

In some specific embodiments, referring to fig. 11, the moving arm 3 includes a moving seat 310 disposed at one end thereof near the rail 1, the moving arm 3 is movably disposed on the rail 1 in the first direction through the moving seat 310, the gear 13, the second driving lever 14, and the second locking assembly are disposed on the moving seat 310, and a guide structure for guiding the movement of the moving arm 3 in the first direction is disposed on the moving seat 310.

The guiding structure may be configured in any suitable manner, for example, as shown in fig. 11, the guiding structure includes a sliding rail 20 and a sliding block 21 which are matched with each other, the sliding rail 20 is arranged on the track 1 and extends along the first direction, and the sliding block 21 is arranged on the movable base 310. In this way, by the sliding engagement of the slide rail 20 and the slider 21, the stability of the moving arm 3 when moving in the first direction can be enhanced.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (16)

1. A blade of a retractor, said retractor comprising a rail (1), a fixed arm (2) and a movable arm (3), said fixed arm (2) being fixedly connected to said rail (1), said movable arm (3) being movably arranged on said rail (1) and being operable to move in a direction close to or away from said fixed arm (2), characterized in that said blades (4) are two in number and are adapted to be connected to a connecting block (5) on said fixed arm (2) and on said movable arm (3), respectively, the tip of said blade (4) having a connecting shaft (410) extending in its length direction and adapted to be connected to said connecting block (5), said blade (4) being rotatably arranged on said connecting block (5) about the central axis of said connecting shaft (410), wherein two of said blades (4) are adapted to extend into an incision in tissue and each have a first side (420) and a second side opposite in the thickness direction of said blade A face (430), two of said first sides (420) being intended to abut against said tissue each, and two of said second sides (430) being intended to form an operating zone (17) therebetween.

2. Blade of a retractor according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the first side (420) is configured with a sheet-like projection (440) perpendicular to the first side (420) and extending in the width direction of the blade (4).

3. Blade of a retractor according to claim 1, wherein the second side (430) is configured at its top end with a mounting portion (450), the connection shaft (410) being fixedly connected to the mounting portion (450).

4. The blade of a retractor according to claim 1 wherein the second side (430) is configured with an arcuate channel (460) that is concave and extends in the length direction.

5. The blade of a retractor according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the blade (4) is made of an engineering plastic.

6. A retractor, comprising:

a rail (1) extending in a first direction;

the fixing arm (2) is fixedly connected with the track (1) and extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;

a moving arm (3) which is provided to the rail (1) so as to be movable in the first direction and extends in the second direction; and

a blade for a retractor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, said blade (4) being two in number and being intended to be removably connected to a connecting block (5) on said fixed arm (2) and on said mobile arm (3), respectively, between two of said blades (4) for forming an operating area (17).

7. The retractor according to claim 6, wherein the connecting shaft (410) is provided with a first annular groove (411), the bottom wall of the first annular groove (411) encloses a mounting shaft section (412) with a diameter smaller than that of the connecting shaft (410), the connecting block (5) is provided with a shaft hole (510) for mounting the mounting shaft section (412), the side wall of the connecting block (5) is provided with a notch (520) communicated with the shaft hole (510) for the mounting shaft section (412) to pass through the notch (520) and be mounted in the shaft hole (510),

the retractor further comprises a first locking assembly (6), a mounting channel (530) is arranged in the connecting block (5), the first locking assembly (6) comprises a lock pin main body (610) movably arranged in the mounting channel (530) and capable of moving along the axis of the first locking assembly relative to the mounting channel (530), the mounting channel (530) is provided with a first opening (531) communicated with the gap (520) and used for penetrating a first end of the lock pin main body (610), the first locking assembly (6) is provided with a locking state and an unlocking state, in the locking state, the first end of the lock pin main body (610) extends into the gap (520) through the first opening (531) to stop the mounting shaft segment (412) in the shaft hole (510), in the unlocking state, the first end of the lock pin main body (610) avoids the gap (520), to allow the mounting shaft segment (412) to disengage from the shaft bore (510).

8. The retractor of claim 7 wherein the mounting channel (530) has a second opening (532) opposite the first opening (531), the mounting channel (530) includes a first channel segment (533), a second channel segment (534), and a third channel segment (535) of successively larger diameters from the first opening (531) to the second opening (532), the locking pin body (610) has a first stop block (611) located within the second channel segment (534), the third channel segment (535) has a blocking block (620) located therein, the blocking block (620) has a pin hole for passing a second end of the locking pin body (610) opposite the first end.

9. The retractor according to claim 8, wherein the first locking assembly (6) further comprises a first elastic resetting member (630) disposed in the second channel section (534), and both ends of the first elastic resetting member (630) respectively abut against the limiting block (611) and the blocking block (620) so as to provide an elastic force for the locking pin body (610) to move towards one side of the first opening (531).

10. The retractor according to claim 7, wherein the connecting block (5) has a first fan-shaped limiting groove (541) disposed around the shaft hole (510), the connecting shaft (410) has a second limiting block (470) for being inserted into the first fan-shaped limiting groove (541) for limiting the connecting shaft (410) from rotating within an angle defined by the first fan-shaped limiting groove (541),

the up end of connecting block (5) is provided with first heavy groove (540), shaft hole (510) set up on the diapire of first heavy groove (540), first fan-shaped spacing groove (541) sets up on the lateral wall of first heavy groove (540).

11. The retractor according to claim 6, wherein the connecting block (5) has a first and a second opposite connecting end, the connecting block (5) is pivotally connected to the fixed arm (2) or the movable arm (3) by a first pivot shaft (7) between the first and the second connecting end, the first pivot shaft (7) extends in the second direction, the first connecting end is connected to the fixed arm (2) or the movable arm (3) by a driving member (8), the driving member (8) is used for lockably driving the connecting block (5) to rotate around the central axis of the first pivot shaft (7), and the second connecting end is used for detachably connecting with the blade (4).

12. Retractor according to claim 11, wherein the drive member (8) comprises a first drive rod (810) movably arranged on the fixed arm (2) or on the mobile arm (3) in a third direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction, the first drive rod (810) having a second annular groove (811) thereon, the bottom wall of the second annular groove (811) enclosing a working section (812) having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first drive rod (810), the first connection end of the connection block (5) being provided with a first U-shaped opening (550) receiving the working section (812), and two prongs on either side of the first U-shaped opening (550) being located in the second annular groove (811).

13. Retractor according to claim 6, wherein said fixed arm (2) and said mobile arm (3) each comprise a first arm (9) and a second arm (10), said first arm (9) being connected at one end to said rail (1) and at the other end to one end of said second arm (10) in a pivoting manner, said second arm (10) being connected at the other end remote from said first arm (9) to said connection block (5), one of the two ends adjacent to said first arm (9) and said second arm (10) being provided with a second U-shaped opening (910) and the other with a projection (1010) inserted in said second U-shaped opening (910), said projection (1010) being connected to the two prongs on either side of said second U-shaped opening (910) by means of a threaded fastener (11), said threaded fastener (11) being intended to operatively increase or decrease the size of the second U-shaped opening (910) and of said projection (1010) To increase or decrease the resistance of the second arm (10) to rotation about the axis of the threaded fastener (11) relative to the first arm (9).

14. The retractor according to claim 6, further comprising a transmission mechanism, wherein the movable arm (3) is moved along the first direction by the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a rack (12), a gear (13) and a second driving rod (14), the rack (12) is arranged on the track (1) and extends along the first direction, the gear (13) is arranged on the movable arm (3) in a manner of rotating around the axis thereof and is meshed with the rack (12), and the second driving rod (14) is coaxially connected with the gear (13) for driving the gear (13) to rotate.

15. The retractor of claim 14, further comprising a second locking assembly, the second locking assembly comprises an unlocking paddle (15), the unlocking paddle (15) is provided with a proximal end and a distal end which are opposite, the unlocking paddle (15) being pivotally connected to the moving arm (3) by a second pivot axis (16) located between the proximal end and the distal end, the proximal end having a locking formation for engaging the rack (12), the second locking assembly having a locked condition and an unlocked condition, in the locking state, the locking structure is clamped with the rack (12) to lock the moving arm (3) on the track (1), in the unlocked state, the locking structure disengages the rack (12) to allow the moving arm (3) to move in the first direction.

16. The retractor according to claim 15, wherein said second locking assembly further comprises a second elastic return member disposed between said unlocking pick (15) and said moving arm (3) for providing a spring force for moving a proximal end of said unlocking pick (15) toward a side of said rack (12).

Images