CN215215539U

CN215215539U - Spiral type precise leveling mechanism and device capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment

Info

Publication number: CN215215539U
Application number: CN202120970574.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张超; 樊啟要; 赵敏燕
Original assignee: CETC 28 Research Institute
Current assignee: CETC 28 Research Institute
Priority date: 2021-05-08
Filing date: 2021-05-08
Publication date: 2021-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-08

Abstract

The utility model provides a can realize spiral accurate levelling mechanism and device that three grades of precision were adjusted, belongs to optical-mechanical-electrical engineering technical field, including ball joint, upper bracket and undersetting, the upper and lower two sections of ball joint pass through the screw thread and are connected with upper and undersetting respectively, and the upper bracket is fixed on the equipment mounting panel, and the undersetting is located ground or work platform, can adjust the distance between equipment mounting panel and ground or work platform through the screw thread to it is fixed with locking device locking down through last locking device. The ball joint comprises an upper ball socket, a lower ball socket, a ball body and a rod body, wherein the upper ball socket and the lower ball socket are provided with concave spherical surfaces, the ball body can rotate in a fitting mode in a ball cavity, the rod body drives the ball body to rotate, and when the rod body drives the ball body to rotate, a gap between the rod body and the upper ball socket ensures that the rod body can rotate around the center of the ball in a small range. The utility model provides a problem that stroke, precision, bearing capacity that exist can't compromise among the prior art, under the condition that does not sacrifice mechanism bearing capacity, utilize differential screw to improve the regulation precision to the stroke has been increased.

Description

Spiral type precise leveling mechanism and device capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of optical-mechanical-electrical engineering, a photoelectric equipment's installation adjusting device is related to, concretely relates to can realize spiral accurate levelling mechanism and device that third gear precision was adjusted.

Background

In order to ensure the accuracy of zero position observation of pitching and azimuth of the photoelectric equipment, the equipment needs to be horizontally adjusted. According to the principle that three points determine a plane, a leveling mechanism generally adopts a classical three-point supporting mode, and because three-point supporting leveling can ensure higher leveling repeatability, the three-point supporting leveling is simplest and has the highest efficiency. The leveling mechanism can be divided into a hydraulic type and a mechanical type according to the transmission type. Although the hydraulic leveling has strong bearing capacity, there are many disadvantages, such as: hydraulic oil is flammable and has leakage problems; the viscosity coefficient of the hydraulic oil is closely related to the temperature, the temperature adaptability is poor, and the hydraulic oil is not suitable for working at higher temperature and lower temperature; the hydraulic oil has compressibility, and high transmission precision is difficult to realize; and low transmission efficiency and reliability. The mechanical leveling device has strong environmental adaptability, simple and reliable structure, low cost, high efficiency and self-locking. Three types of mechanical leveling mechanisms are commonly used: screw jack type, wedge type, flexible structure variant.

Patent CN104656221A discloses a spiral accurate levelling mechanism for optical equipment, this mechanism adopts three point support mode, utilizes fine thread fine tuning to realize the auto-lock, and left and right hand screw cooperation is used and is lockingly carried out, but this mechanism adjusts the screw pitch that the precision relies on fine thread, and mechanism adjusts precision and bearing capacity and is difficult to satisfy the requirement simultaneously. The patent CN106895830A discloses a wedge type precision leveling mechanism for optical load optical axis adjustment, which utilizes spiral-inclined plane jogging according to a three-point leveling principle, drives a translation wedge block to move left and right through an adjusting screw thread, further drives a lifting wedge block to move up and down, the wedge block has high self-rigidity and can be self-locked, the spiral-inclined plane jogging has high precision, stability and reliability, but the stroke is limited, the requirement of off-site use cannot be met, and the length of the mechanism can be directly influenced by the increased stroke. The flexible hinge-based leveling mechanism converts force, motion or energy by utilizing the elastic deformation of a flexible element, has no friction, lubrication, vibration and noise, has a small adjusting range and low bearing capacity, is often used with an electric device to meet the required precision requirement, and increases the complexity of the system.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Utility model purpose: the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that to prior art not enough, provide a spiral accurate levelling mechanism and device that can realize three grades of precision and adjust.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a spiral precision leveling mechanism capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment, which comprises a ball joint, an upper support and a lower support, wherein the upper surface of the upper support is fixedly connected with an upper locking device, the top end of the ball joint penetrates through the upper support and the upper locking device and is in threaded connection with the upper support to form a first spiral pair; the upper surface of the lower support is fixedly connected with a lower locking device, and the bottom end of the ball joint penetrates through the lower locking device and the lower support and is in threaded connection with the lower support to form a second screw pair; the first screw pair and the second screw pair have different screw pitches but same rotation directions; the ball joint is rotated through cooperating with upper bracket and/or undersetting and realizes the leveling promptly ball joint can be alone rotatory with the upper bracket cooperation and realize the leveling, also can be alone rotatory with the undersetting cooperation and realize the leveling, can also realize the leveling with upper bracket and undersetting cooperation rotation simultaneously.

With reference to the first aspect, in one implementation manner, the ball joint includes a constraint component forming a ball cavity, a ball body capable of fitting and rotating in the ball cavity, and a rod body driving the ball body to rotate, the constraint component includes an upper ball socket and a lower ball socket with concave spherical surfaces, the upper and lower surfaces of the ball body are respectively and tightly fitted with the concave spherical surfaces on the upper ball socket and the lower ball socket, one end of the lower ball socket penetrates through the lower locking device and the lower support, and is in threaded connection with the lower support to form a second screw pair; one end of the rod body penetrates through the upper support and the upper locking device and is in threaded connection with the upper support to form a first spiral pair, a gap exists between the other end of the rod body and the upper ball socket, and when the rod body drives the ball body to rotate, the gap between the rod body and the upper ball socket ensures that the rod body can rotate around the center of the ball body in a small range, so that leveling can be realized when the ground is uneven.

In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation manner, the rod body and the lower ball socket are respectively provided with an auxiliary adjusting screw, the rod body and/or the lower ball socket can be driven to realize equipment leveling by rotating the auxiliary adjusting screws, namely, the ball joint is independently matched with the upper support to rotate so as to realize the auxiliary adjusting screws on the rod body during leveling, the ball joint is independently matched with the lower support to rotate so as to realize the auxiliary adjusting screws on the lower ball socket during leveling, and the ball joint is simultaneously matched with the upper support and the lower support to rotate so as to realize leveling and rotate one of the auxiliary adjusting screws.

With reference to the first aspect, in one implementation manner, the side wall of the lower ball socket is uniformly provided with more than three set screws for realizing loosening and locking of the lower ball socket and the ball body, that is, separation and combination of the upper section and the lower section of threads of the ball joint.

In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation mode, the bottom end of the lower ball socket is provided with a stop dog for preventing the lower ball socket from being separated, the stop dog is fixedly connected with the lower ball socket through an inner hexagonal socket head screw, and the stop dog can be separated from the lower support in order to prevent the lower ball socket from being separated upwards.

With reference to the first aspect, in one implementation, the upper and lower locking devices are both lock nuts.

In one implementation in combination with the first aspect, the upper ball socket and the lower ball socket are threaded.

With reference to the first aspect, in one implementation manner, a portion of the rod body located between the upper support and the upper ball socket is provided with a protrusion, and the auxiliary adjusting screw is mounted on the protrusion.

In a second aspect, a spiral type precision leveling device capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment is disclosed, which comprises an equipment mounting plate and a level gauge, wherein the level gauge is arranged on the upper surface of the equipment mounting plate, and three groups of spiral type precision leveling mechanisms which have the same structure and can realize three-gear precision adjustment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the equipment mounting plate; the upper support of the spiral type precision leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment is fixed to the lower surface of the equipment mounting plate, the lower support is located on the ground or a working platform, the ball joint rotates in cooperation with the upper support and/or the lower support, the distance between the equipment mounting plate and the ground or the working platform can be adjusted, and after adjustment is completed, the ball joint is locked and fixed through the upper locking device and/or the lower locking device.

Has the advantages that:

in the leveling process, the upper ball socket is slightly screwed out, a set screw on the side wall of the lower ball socket is loosened, the ball body can rotate in the ball cavity, the lower locking device is locked, the upper locking device is loosened, an auxiliary adjusting screw on the rod body is rotated to drive the rod body to rotate, and the rod body and the upper support realize jacking and lowering of the equipment mounting plate through threads (the ball body freely rotates in the constraint component, and the constraint component and the lower support are fixed together through the lower locking device); otherwise, the upper locking device is locked, the lower locking device is released, and the auxiliary adjusting screw on the lower ball socket is rotated to drive the lower ball socket to rotate, so that the equipment mounting plate can be jacked up and lowered down; the upper ball socket is screwed in and the fastening screw is locked to combine the upper section of thread and the lower section of thread on the ball joint, the upper locking device and the lower locking device are loosened, the auxiliary adjusting screw is rotated to drive the rod body and the lower ball socket to rotate simultaneously, and the jacking and the lowering of the equipment mounting plate can be realized through the combined action of the two screw pairs. Therefore, the leveling mechanism has three leveling modes, and the upper and lower sections of screw pairs with different screw pitches and the same screwing direction can be respectively used independently or combined to form a differential screw thread for use, so that the three-gear precision adjustment can be realized in the leveling process.

The screw type precision leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment improves the adjustment precision of the mechanism in a differential thread mode, does not depend on a mode of reducing the screw pair pitch, and can obtain high bearing capacity.

The upper section and the lower section of the spiral pair with different pitches and the same rotating direction of the spiral precise leveling mechanism capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment can be superposed when being used independently, so that the stroke of the mechanism can be effectively increased, and the adjustment precision is general at the moment and depends on the thread pitch of the thread; when the combined structure of the differential screw is used, the adjusting precision can be greatly improved, and the adjusting stroke is limited. The utility model discloses levelling mechanism can be according to concrete operating mode nimble selection take which kind of leveling mode in order to satisfy operation requirement, and adaptability is strong, can compromise the requirement of big stroke, high accuracy, high bearing capacity, and simple structure is reliable, with low costs simultaneously.

Drawings

These and/or other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.

Fig. 1 is a working principle diagram of a spiral precise leveling mechanism capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral precision leveling device of the present invention, which can realize three-gear precision adjustment.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the spiral precision leveling mechanism of the utility model, which can realize the three-gear precision adjustment.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the spiral precision leveling mechanism capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment.

In the figure: 1. a screw type precision leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment comprises a level 2, an equipment mounting plate 3, a rod 4, an upper ball socket 5, a ball 6, a lower ball socket 7, an upper locking device 8, an upper support 9, an auxiliary adjusting screw 10, a set screw 11, a lower locking device 12, a lower support 13, a limit stop 14, a hexagon socket head cap screw 15 and a bulge 16.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

As shown in figures 3-4, the utility model discloses a can realize spiral accurate levelling mechanism 1 that third gear precision was adjusted, including ball joint, upper bracket 9 and undersetting 13, the ball joint is including the restraint subassembly that forms the ball chamber and can be in the ball intracavity laminating pivoted spheroid 6 and drive the spheroid pivoted body of rod 4, and the restraint subassembly is including last ball socket 5 and lower ball socket 7 that have concave spherical surface, goes up ball socket 5 and lower ball socket 7 threaded connection. The upper surface and the lower surface of the ball 6 are respectively and closely attached to the concave spherical surfaces of the upper ball socket 5 and the lower ball socket 7, one end of the lower ball socket 7 penetrates through the lower locking device 12 and the lower support 13, and is in threaded connection with the lower support 13 to form a second screw pair; the one end that spheroid 6 was kept away from to the body of rod 4 runs through upper bracket 9 and go up locking device 8, and upper bracket 9 threaded connection forms first screw pair, and the body of rod 4 is close to the one end of spheroid 6 and the clearance that exists between last ball socket 5, and when the body of rod 4 drove spheroid 6 and rotates, the body of rod 4 had been guaranteed in the clearance between body of rod 4 and the last ball socket 5 and can be rotated around the centre of sphere in the minizone, and turned angle does not exceed 15, prevents that the corner is too big, supports unstablely. The upper surface of the upper support 9 is fixedly connected with an upper locking device 8, the top end of the ball joint penetrates through the upper support 9 and the upper locking device 8, and is in threaded connection with the upper support 9 to form a first screw pair; the upper surface of the lower support 13 is fixedly connected with a lower locking device 12, and the bottom end of the ball joint penetrates through the lower locking device 12 and the lower support 13 and is in threaded connection with the lower support 13 to form a second screw pair; the first screw pair and the second screw pair have different screw pitches but same rotation directions; the ball joint is matched with the upper support 9 and/or the lower support 13 to rotate so as to realize leveling. In the first embodiment, the upper and

lower lock devices

8 and 12 are each a lock nut.

In the first embodiment, four auxiliary adjusting screws 10 are uniformly distributed on the rod body 4 and the lower ball socket 7 respectively, and the position of the equipment mounting plate 3 is adjusted by rotating the auxiliary adjusting screws 10 to drive the rod body 4 and/or the lower ball socket 7, so that the operation is convenient and labor-saving.

In the first embodiment, four set screws 11 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the side wall of the lower ball socket 7, and the tightness of the set screws is adjusted, so that the separation and combination of the ball body 6 and the lower ball socket 7 can be quickly realized, i.e. the separation and combination of the upper and lower threads of the ball joint can be realized, and the device is simple, convenient and reliable and is used for switching between different gear adjusting accuracies.

In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in order to prevent the lower ball socket 7 from being removed upward from the lower support 13, a limit stopper 14 is provided at the bottom end of the lower ball socket 7 and is fixedly connected to the lower ball socket 7 by a socket cap screw 15.

As shown in fig. 3, in the first embodiment, the portion of the rod 4 between the upper seat 9 and the upper ball socket 5 is provided with a protrusion 16, and the auxiliary adjusting screw 10 is mounted on the protrusion 16.

As shown in fig. 1, according to the principle that three points determine a plane, the spiral precise leveling mechanism 1 capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment of the present application adopts 3-point mounting on the leveling device to realize three-point support mechanical leveling. When the point moves along the Z direction, the equipment mounting plate 3 rotates around the axis formed by the connecting line of the centers of the spherical centers of the two and three point ball joints, thereby realizing the two-dimensional angle adjustment of the pitching and the inclining RX and RY of the equipment mounting surface.

As shown in fig. 2, the second embodiment of the present invention discloses a spiral precision leveling device capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment, which comprises an equipment mounting plate 3 and a level gauge 2, wherein the level gauge 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the equipment mounting plate 3, and three groups of spiral precision leveling mechanisms 1 which have the same structure and are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the equipment mounting plate 3 and can realize three-gear precision adjustment; the upper support 9 of the spiral type precision leveling mechanism 1 capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment is fixed on the lower surface of the equipment mounting plate 3, the lower support 13 is located on the ground or a working platform, the ball joint rotates in a matched mode with the upper support 9 and/or the lower support 13, the distance between the equipment mounting plate 3 and the ground or the working platform can be adjusted, and after adjustment is completed, the ball joint is locked and fixed through the upper locking device 8 and/or the lower locking device 12. The photoelectric equipment is arranged in the middle of the equipment mounting plate 3, the photoelectric equipment is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the equipment mounting plate 3 in a coplanar manner, and two vertical directions X 'and Y' of the level gauge 2 respectively correspond to the X direction and the Y direction on the equipment mounting plate 3, as shown in fig. 2. When leveling, the auxiliary adjusting screw 10 is rotated to drive the rod body 4 and/or the lower ball socket 7 to rotate, and one of the three leveling mechanisms stretches in the vertical direction, so that the height of the equipment mounting plate 3 at the position is adjusted, and finally the leveling instrument 2 is set to be zero in the X 'and Y' directions or is leveled within an error range.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the screw type precision leveling mechanism 1 capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment can realize three-gear precision adjustment by matching the upper ball socket 5, the upper locking device 8, the set screw 11 and the lower locking device 12. The upper ball socket 5 is slightly unscrewed, the four set screws 11 on the side wall of the lower ball socket 7 are released, and the lower locking device 12 is locked, at the moment, the constraint component and the lower support 13 are fixed together through the lower locking device 12, and the ball 6 can freely rotate in the constraint component. Loosen locking device 8, rotate the supplementary adjusting screw 10 on the body of rod 4 and drive the body of rod 4 rotatory, the body of rod 4 passes through the screw thread and realizes the jack-up and transfer of equipment fixing board 3. Conversely, the upper locking device 8 is locked, the lower locking device 12 is loosened, the auxiliary adjusting screw 10 on the lower ball socket 7 is rotated to drive the lower ball socket 7 to rotate, and the jacking and the lowering of the equipment mounting plate 3 can also be realized. The upper ball socket is screwed in and locked with four set screws 11 to combine the ball joints into a whole, at the moment, the ball joints are simultaneously connected with the upper support 9 and the lower support 13 through threads, and the thread pitches of the upper and the lower screw pairs are different and the same with the rotation direction, so that differential threads are formed. The upper locking device 8 and the lower locking device 12 are loosened, the auxiliary adjusting screw 10 is rotated to drive the rod body 4 and the lower ball socket 7 to rotate simultaneously, and the equipment mounting plate 3 can be jacked up and lowered down through differential threads. Therefore, the leveling mechanism has three leveling modes, and can realize three-gear precision adjustment in the leveling process.

The utility model provides a can realize spiral accurate leveling mechanism and device that third gear precision was adjusted, the method and the way that specifically realize this technical scheme are many, above only the utility model discloses a detailed embodiment should point out, to the ordinary technical personnel of this technical field, is not deviating from the utility model discloses under the prerequisite of principle, can also make a plurality of improvements and moist decorations, these improve and moist decorations should also regard as the utility model discloses a protection scope. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a can realize spiral accurate levelling mechanism that third gear precision was adjusted which characterized in that: the device comprises a ball joint, an upper support (9) and a lower support (13), wherein the upper surface of the upper support (9) is fixedly connected with an upper locking device (8), and the top end of the ball joint penetrates through the upper support (9) and the upper locking device (8) and is in threaded connection with the upper support (9) to form a first screw pair; the upper surface of the lower support (13) is fixedly connected with a lower locking device (12), and the bottom end of the ball joint penetrates through the lower locking device (12) and the lower support (13) and is in threaded connection with the lower support (13) to form a second screw pair; the first screw pair and the second screw pair have different screw pitches but same rotation directions; the ball joint is matched with the upper support (9) and/or the lower support (13) to rotate so as to realize leveling.

2. The spiral type precise leveling mechanism capable of realizing three-gear precision adjustment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the ball joint comprises a constraint component forming a ball cavity, a ball body (6) capable of fitting and rotating in the ball cavity and a rod body (4) driving the ball body to rotate, the constraint component comprises an upper ball socket (5) and a lower ball socket (7) with concave spherical surfaces, the upper surface and the lower surface of the ball body (6) are respectively tightly fitted with the concave spherical surfaces on the upper ball socket (5) and the lower ball socket (7), and one end of the lower ball socket (7) penetrates through a lower locking device (12) and a lower support (13) and is in threaded connection with the lower support (13) to form a second screw pair; one end of the rod body (4) penetrates through the upper support (9) and the upper locking device (8) and is in threaded connection with the upper support (9) to form a first spiral pair, a gap exists between the other end of the rod body (4) and the upper ball socket (5), and when the rod body (4) drives the ball body (6) to rotate, the gap between the rod body (4) and the upper ball socket (5) ensures that the rod body (4) can rotate around the center of the ball body (6).

3. The spiral type precise leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the leveling device is characterized in that auxiliary adjusting screws (10) are respectively arranged on the rod body (4) and the lower ball socket (7), and the rod body (4) and/or the lower ball socket (7) can be driven to realize leveling by rotating the auxiliary adjusting screws (10).

4. The spiral type precise leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: more than three fastening screws (11) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the lower ball socket (7) in the circumferential direction, and the tightness of the fastening screws (11) is adjusted, so that the separation and combination of the ball body (6) and the lower ball socket (7) can be realized.

5. The spiral type precise leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the bottom end of the lower ball socket (7) is provided with an anti-disengaging limit stop (14) which is fixedly connected with the lower ball socket (7) through an inner hexagonal socket head screw (15).

6. The spiral type precise leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the upper locking device (8) and the lower locking device (12) are both locking nuts.

7. The spiral type precise leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the upper ball socket (5) and the lower ball socket (7) are in threaded connection.

8. The spiral type precise leveling mechanism capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the part of the rod body (4) between the upper support (9) and the upper ball socket (5) is provided with a bulge (16), and the auxiliary adjusting screw (10) is arranged on the bulge (16).

9. The utility model provides a can realize spiral accurate levelling device that third gear precision was adjusted which characterized in that: the device comprises an equipment mounting plate (3) and levels (2), wherein the levels (2) are arranged on the upper surface of the equipment mounting plate (3), three groups of spiral precise leveling mechanisms (1) which have the same structure and can realize three-gear precision adjustment are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the equipment mounting plate (3), and the spiral precise leveling mechanisms (1) have the same structure and are according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the upper support (9) of the spiral type precision leveling mechanism (1) capable of achieving three-gear precision adjustment is fixed to the lower surface of the equipment mounting plate (3), the lower support (13) is located on the ground or a working platform, the ball joint rotates in a matched mode with the upper support (9) and/or the lower support (13), the distance between the equipment mounting plate (3) and the ground or the working platform can be adjusted, and after adjustment is completed, the ball joint is locked and fixed through the upper locking device (8) and/or the lower locking device (12).