CN215185862U - Outdoor small-size intelligent DC distribution device for integrated power supply - Google Patents
Outdoor small-size intelligent DC distribution device for integrated power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN215185862U CN215185862U CN202121555955.5U CN202121555955U CN215185862U CN 215185862 U CN215185862 U CN 215185862U CN 202121555955 U CN202121555955 U CN 202121555955U CN 215185862 U CN215185862 U CN 215185862U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an outdoor small-size intelligent direct current distribution device for integrated power supply, including the rectifier unit who is connected with the power supply electricity, the rectifier unit is connected with battery and direct current and joins in marriage single control unit, still includes the shunt load of parallel arrangement, corresponds with shunt load and is equipped with shunt electronic switch unit, and shunt electronic switch unit's current input end is connected to the current output end of corresponding shunt load, and shunt electronic switch unit's current output end is connected to the negative pole of battery, and shunt electronic switch unit's drive end is connected to direct current respectively and joins in marriage single control unit; the shunt electronic switch unit is used for realizing the switching function of the shunt load, no mechanical contact is provided, the switching times are not limited, the service life is long, the set number can be adjusted and matched according to the number of the shunt loads, the free expansion of the capacity is realized, the response speed is high in overload protection, the using amount of protection devices is small, and the shunt electronic switch unit has the advantages of high reliability, low cost, small size and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a little basic station power supply of 5G and distribution technical field especially relate to an outdoor small-size intelligent direct current distribution device for integrated power.
Background
An outdoor small-sized integrated power supply used by a 5G micro base station is power supply equipment integrating most functions of a modern communication power supply, and has various functions of AC-DC rectification, charging and discharging management and protection of a lithium iron phosphate battery, direct current emergency power supply and standby power supply, intelligent direct current distribution, communication, power supply monitoring and the like. In the process, electric devices such as a switch, a breaker (air switch), a contactor or a relay, a fuse and the like are adopted by early power supply equipment to switch and protect power supply branches. And after the microprocessor is adopted to control the contactor or the relay, the automatic management of the direct current power distribution can be realized. However, because a switch device with a contact is adopted in the direct current power distribution, the original direct current power distribution method has stronger adaptability and higher reliability, but has larger volume and is difficult to be directly applied to a concentrated communication power supply system, namely an integrated power supply.
The direct current distribution circuit used in the base station has a primary power-off and a secondary power-off, the communication device on the primary power-off side is the base station device, and the communication device on the secondary power-off side is the transmission device, the monitoring device and the like. When the commercial power is suspended in the working process of the base station, the storage battery starts to discharge, and power is continuously supplied to the base station equipment, the transmission equipment and the like. However, because the capacity of the storage battery is limited, the power supply of the base station equipment with higher power consumption is cut off when a threshold value is reached, and only the power supply of the transmission equipment and the monitoring equipment with lower power consumption is reserved, so that the storage battery can work for a long time, so that maintenance personnel can have time to arrive at the storage battery for power generation emergency treatment, which is called power off once. When the primary power-off is finished and the transmission equipment and the monitoring equipment continuously work for a period of time, the power supply of the transmission equipment is also stopped in order to protect the storage battery, and the secondary power-off is called at the moment.
The outdoor small-sized integrated intelligent power distribution of the direct current power supply is also based on the concept that as shown in fig. 8, in the conventional automatic power distribution control scheme, a high-current direct current relay (or an intelligent air switch) can be adopted as a switching device. The relay has the advantages that the contact resistance of the relay contact is extremely low, and the power consumption is low when large current flows; however, because the contacts of the relay are mechanical parts driven by electromagnets, the relay has the problem of mechanical fatigue, and besides, the easily-conductive and corrosion-resistant materials of the contacts are also worn, so that the service life is relatively low, and the service life index is generally 1 ten thousand times. In addition, the relay has certain noise during operation and has larger power consumption during operation and maintenance, and in addition, the price of the high-power relay is higher, so that the cost of the integrated power supply is higher.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a can eliminate the limitation that the contact life-span produced is provided, and eliminates the action noise, reduces the intelligent direct current distribution device for outdoor small-size integrated power of consumption and cost.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: outdoor small-size intelligent direct current distribution device for integrated power supply includes the rectifier unit of being connected with the power supply electricity, rectifier unit's both ends are connected with the battery, rectifier unit's serial communication port is connected to the single control unit of direct current distribution, still includes the load along separate routes of parallel arrangement, each the current input end of load along separate routes is connected to respectively the anodal of battery, with the load along separate routes corresponds and is equipped with along separate routes electronic switch unit, the current input end of electronic switch unit along separate routes is connected to corresponding the current output end of load along separate routes, the current output end of electronic switch unit along separate routes is connected to the negative pole of battery, the drive end of electronic switch unit along separate routes is connected to respectively single control unit is distributed to direct current.
As an optimized technical scheme, the shunt electronic switch unit is provided with an input connecting terminal, an output connecting terminal and two drive connecting terminals, an automatic switch component, a switch driving circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and a signal amplification circuit are arranged in the shunt electronic switch unit, the automatic switch component is connected between the input connecting terminal and the output connecting terminal, the switch driving circuit is connected between one drive connecting terminal and the automatic switch component, the overvoltage protection circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are connected between the automatic switch component and the switch driving circuit in parallel, and the signal amplification circuit is connected between the other drive connecting terminal and the automatic switch component.
As a preferred technical solution, the automatic switching component includes an enhancement-type N-channel field effect transistor Q2, the gate g and the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 are connected to the switch driving circuit, the drain d of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected to the current output terminal of the shunt load, and the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 is also connected to the negative pole of the secondary battery.
Preferably, the switch driving circuit includes an NPN-type transistor Q1 and a PNP-type transistor Q3, bases of the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q3 are respectively connected to the driving connection terminal and the ground bias resistor R4 through a resistor R1, a collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the auxiliary power VCC, a collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to a negative electrode of the battery, emitters of the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q3 are interconnected and respectively connected to a current limiting resistor R2, and the other end of the current limiting resistor R2 is connected to a gate g of the field effect transistor Q2.
As a preferred technical solution, the switch driving circuit includes an integrated driving chip U2, the input terminals of the integrated driving chip U2 are respectively connected to the driving connection terminal and the ground bias resistor R4, and the output terminal of the integrated driving chip U2 is connected to the gate g of the field effect transistor Q2 through a current limiting resistor R2.
Preferably, the overvoltage protection circuit includes a single-phase transient voltage suppressor D2 connected between the drain D and the source s of the field effect transistor Q2, an energy-absorbing capacitor C1 connected in parallel with the single-phase transient voltage suppressor D2, and a resistor R5 connected between the gate g of the field effect transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the battery, wherein a zener diode D3 and a zener diode D5 are connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor R5.
As a preferred technical solution, the over-current protection circuit includes an NPN-type transistor Q4 and a transistor Q5, a diode D4 or a zener diode DZ4 is connected to a base of the transistor Q4, the diode D4 or the zener diode DZ4 is connected to a drain D of the field effect transistor Q2 through a fast recovery diode D1, an emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to a base of the transistor Q5, collectors of the transistor Q5 and the transistor Q4 are respectively connected to a gate g of the field effect transistor Q2, and an emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to a negative electrode of the battery; the charging circuit is connected between the switch driving circuit and the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the charging circuit is connected to the anode of the diode D4 or the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ 4.
As a preferred technical solution, the overcurrent protection circuit includes an NPN-type triode Q4, a diode D4A, a diode D4 and a fast recovery diode D1 are sequentially connected in series between a base of the triode Q4 and a drain D of the field effect transistor Q2, a collector of the triode Q4 is connected to a gate g of the field effect transistor Q2, and an emitter of the triode Q4 is connected to a negative electrode of a storage battery; the quick recovery circuit further comprises an RC charging circuit, wherein the RC charging circuit is connected between the switch driving circuit and the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the RC charging circuit is connected between the diode D4 and the quick recovery diode D1.
Preferably, the signal amplification circuit includes a current sampling resistor RS1 connected between the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the battery, and the current sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the driving connection terminal through a differential operational amplification circuit.
As an improvement to the above technical solution, the signal amplifying circuit includes a hall current sensor H1 connected between the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the battery, and a signal output terminal of the hall current sensor H1 is connected to the driving connection terminal.
By adopting the technical scheme, the intelligent direct-current power distribution device for the outdoor small-sized integrated power supply comprises a rectifying unit electrically connected with a power supply, storage batteries are connected to two ends of the rectifying unit, a serial communication port of the rectifying unit is connected to a direct-current distribution single control unit, shunt loads arranged in parallel are further included, a current input end of each shunt load is respectively connected to the anode of each storage battery, a shunt electronic switch unit is arranged corresponding to each shunt load, a current input end of each shunt electronic switch unit is connected to a current output end of the corresponding shunt load, a current output end of each shunt electronic switch unit is connected to the cathode of each storage battery, and driving ends of the shunt electronic switch units are respectively connected to the direct-current distribution single control unit; the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: the shunt electronic switch unit is utilized to realize the switching function of the shunt load, no mechanical contact is provided, the switching times are not limited, the service life is long, the set number can be adjusted and matched according to the number of the shunt loads, the free expansion of the capacity is realized, the response speed is high during overload protection based on the internal circuit setting, the using amount of protection devices is small, and the device also has the advantages of high reliability, low cost, small size and the like.
Drawings
The drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a shunt electronic switch unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a driving waveform diagram of the fet Q2 according to the embodiment of the present invention for normal driving and automatic protection in case of overload;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of another switch driving circuit in the shunt electronic switch unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of another over-current protection circuit in the shunt electronic switch unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of another overcurrent protection circuit in the shunt electronic switch unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of another signal amplifying circuit in the shunt electronic switch unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit schematic of the prior art;
in the figure: 1-a rectifying unit; 2-a storage battery; 3-a direct current distribution control unit; 4-shunt load; 5-a shunt electronic switching unit; 51-automatic switch parts; 52-a switch drive circuit; 53-overvoltage protection circuit; 54-an overcurrent protection circuit; 55-signal amplification circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art will recognize that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the intelligent dc power distribution device for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply includes a rectifying unit 1 electrically connected to a power supply, the two ends of the rectifying unit 1 are connected to storage batteries 2, the serial communication port of the rectifying unit 1 is connected to a dc distribution unit control unit 3, and further includes shunt loads 4 arranged in parallel, the current input end of each shunt load 4 is connected to the positive pole of the storage battery 2, a shunt electronic switch unit 5 is arranged corresponding to the shunt load 4, the current input end of the shunt electronic switch unit 5 is connected to the current output end of the corresponding shunt load 4, the current output end of the shunt electronic switch unit 5 is connected to the negative pole of the storage battery 2, and the driving ends of the shunt electronic switch unit 5 are connected to the dc distribution unit control unit 3. In this embodiment, three paths of the branch loads 4 are provided, that is, the branch 1, the branch 2, and the branch 3 in fig. 1, where the branch 1 is provided with connection points P4 and P5, the branch 2 is provided with connection points P6 and P7, the branch 3 is provided with connection points P8 and P9, and each communication load device is connected between two correspondingly provided connection points; correspondingly, the shunt electronic switch unit 5 is also provided with three, namely DBS1, DBS2 and DBS3 in fig. 1, and the dc distribution control unit 3 is provided with a microprocessor therein, which is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the actual working process of this embodiment, the current passes through the dc output terminal 0V of the rectifying unit 1, reaches the positive electrode of the connected battery 2 (lithium iron phosphate battery), then reaches the connection points P5, P7, P9 where the ground buses of the shunt loads 4 are connected, then respectively enters the correspondingly connected communication load devices, and is collected to the-48V dc bus by the other end P4, P6, P8 of each shunt load 4, and finally returns to the negative electrode of the battery 2 by the corresponding shunt electronic switch unit 5, which is a dc power supply and charge-discharge cycle of this apparatus.
The branch electronic switch unit 5 of this embodiment is equipped with input connection terminal, output connection terminal and two DRIVE connection terminal, input connection terminal with the negative pole of load 4 is connected along separate routes, output connection terminal with the negative pole of battery 2 is connected, one of them DRIVE connection terminal is the DRIVE end, and another DRIVE connection terminal is the CS end, is connected to respectively the control end of single the control unit 3 is joined in marriage to the direct current. An automatic switch component 51, a switch driving circuit 52, an overvoltage protection circuit 53, an overcurrent protection circuit 54 and a signal amplification circuit 55 are arranged in the shunt electronic switch unit 5, the automatic switch component 51 is connected between the input connecting terminal and the output connecting terminal, the switch driving circuit 52 is connected between one of the driving connecting terminal and the automatic switch component 51, the overvoltage protection circuit 53 and the overcurrent protection circuit 54 are connected between the automatic switch component 51 and the switch driving circuit 52 in parallel, and the signal amplification circuit 55 is connected between the other of the driving connecting terminal and the automatic switch component 51.
As shown in fig. 2, the automatic switching unit 51 includes an enhancement-type N-channel field effect transistor Q2 (i.e., MOSFET transistor), the gate g and the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 are connected to the switch driving circuit 52, the drain d of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected to the current output terminal of the shunt load 4, and the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 is also connected to the negative terminal of the secondary battery 2. The switch driving circuit 52 comprises an NPN-type triode Q1 and a PNP-type triode Q3, bases of the triode Q1 and the triode Q3 are connected to the driving connection terminal and the ground bias resistor R4 through resistors R1 respectively, a collector of the triode Q1 is connected to an auxiliary power source VCC, a collector of the triode Q3 is connected to a negative electrode of the storage battery 2, emitters of the triode Q1 and the triode Q3 are interconnected and connected to a current-limiting resistor R2 respectively, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to a gate g of the field effect transistor Q2. The switch driving circuit 52 is used for driving signals of each branch of the direct current distribution, control signals sent by a microprocessor in the direct current distribution control unit 3 are input to a DRIVE end corresponding to the switch driving circuit 52 after level conversion to 10-12V grade, in the switch driving circuit 52, an emitter follower is formed by the triode Q1 and the triode Q3, the resistor R1 is connected to a base of the emitter follower to limit current of the driving signals, the driving signals are transmitted to the field effect transistor Q2 through the current limiting resistor R2 to DRIVE the field effect transistor Q2 to be switched on, and the field effect transistor Q2 is switched off after the driving signals disappear.
As shown in fig. 4, when the switch driving circuit 52 is replaced by an integrated driving chip U2, the input terminals of the integrated driving chip U2 are respectively connected to the driving connection terminals and the ground bias resistor R4, the output terminal of the integrated driving chip U2 is connected to the gate g of the field effect transistor Q2 through the current limiting resistor R2, so as to achieve the driving function of the field effect transistor Q2, and the integrated driving chip U2 may be the MCP1404 or other chips with similar functions.
As shown in fig. 2, the overvoltage protection circuit 53 includes a single-phase transient voltage suppressor D2 connected between the drain D and the source s of the field effect transistor Q2, an energy absorption capacitor C1 connected in parallel with the single-phase transient voltage suppressor D2, and a resistor R5 connected between the gate g of the field effect transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the battery 2, wherein a zener diode D3 and a zener diode D5 are connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor R5. In the present circuit, the single-phase transient voltage suppressor D2 functions to protect the fet Q2 from being broken down by transient overvoltage, device operation switching overvoltage, lightning induced overvoltage, etc. generated by switching, and has a protection clamping voltage slightly lower than the drain-source voltage Vds of the fet Q2, and if the withstand voltage of the fet Q2 is 100V, the voltage of the single-phase transient voltage suppressor D2 may be 80-90V.
The energy-absorbing capacitor C1 in the overvoltage protection circuit 53 is used to absorb the sudden change of di/dt of the fet Q2 due to the instantaneous switching action, since the gate g withstand voltage of the fet Q2 is generally ± 20V, and the clamping voltage of the zener diode D3 and the zener diode D5 is selected to be 18V, so as to prevent the overvoltage of the driving signal. The field effect transistor Q2 belongs to an input high-resistance device, the grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is easy to be damaged by static electricity, and the resistor R5 is connected in parallel at two ends of the grid electrode g and the source electrode s, so that the input impedance of the field effect transistor Q2 can be reduced after the field effect transistor Q2 is welded on a circuit board, and unnecessary damage is prevented.
The overcurrent protection circuit 54 comprises an NPN-type triode Q4 and a triode Q5, a diode D4 or a zener diode DZ4 is connected to the base of the triode Q4, the diode D4 or the zener diode DZ4 is connected to the drain D of the field effect transistor Q2 through a fast recovery diode D1, the emitter of the triode Q4 is connected to the base of the triode Q5, the collectors of the triode Q5 and the triode Q4 are respectively connected to the gate g of the field effect transistor Q2, and the emitter of the triode Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 2; the charging circuit is connected between the switch driving circuit 52 and the negative electrode of the storage battery 2, and is connected to the anode of the diode D4 or the zener diode DZ 4. The RC charging circuit comprises a resistor R3 and a film capacitor C2 which are arranged in series, so that the stability of the level can be maintained, and the overload protection can be realized.
In the circuit, the drain d voltage of the field effect transistor Q2 is used as a trigger signal for overcurrent protection. One end of the resistor R3 is connected with the output end of the emitter follower, the other end is connected with the cathode of the diode D4, and the driving signal is transmitted to the cathode of the diode D4; the on-state resistance Ron of the field effect transistor Q2 is relatively stable, when Id is normal, Vds is low, and the fast recovery diode D1 can pull down the cathode voltage of the diode D4; when Id is larger, Vds is also higher, once the voltage of Vc2 rises to the conducting voltage of the diode D4, the transistor Q4 and the transistor Q5, the NPN darlington amplifier composed of the transistor Q4 and the transistor Q5 will immediately reverse, the collector of the transistor Q5 pulls the driving level low, and the field effect transistor Q2 will immediately turn off, thereby implementing an overload (short circuit) protection function; if the overload continues, the protection continues, if the overload state disappears, the driving returns to normal, and the field effect transistor Q2 continues to be turned on. The state of persistence of protection is then established by the film capacitor C2. The darlington amplifier composed of the triode Q4 and the triode Q5 is used for improving the reaction speed of overload protection, and meanwhile, the on-state voltage of the diode D4 and the emitter PN junction voltage of the triode Q4 and the emitter PN junction voltage of the triode Q5 jointly form the threshold voltage of overload protection. As shown in fig. 5, the same effect can be achieved by using the zener diode DZ4 instead of the diode D4.
As shown in fig. 6, the overcurrent protection circuit 54 includes an NPN-type transistor Q4, a diode D4A, a diode D4 and a fast recovery diode D1 are sequentially connected in series between the base of the transistor Q4 and the drain D of the field effect transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the gate g of the field effect transistor Q2, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 2; the quick recovery switch further comprises an RC charging circuit, wherein the RC charging circuit is connected between the switch driving circuit 52 and the negative electrode of the storage battery 2, and the RC charging circuit is connected between the diode D4 and the quick recovery diode D1. Even if the series circuit of the diode D4A and the diode D4 is used instead of the zener diode DZ4 or the diode D4, the same effect can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal amplification circuit 55 includes a current sampling resistor RS1 connected between the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the battery 2, and the current sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the driving connection terminal through a differential operational amplification circuit. The circuit amplifies the sampling signal of the current sampling resistor RS1 and sends the amplified signal to the direct current distribution control unit 3 for protection and metering. The current sampling resistor RS1 can be a milliohm resistor, and converts a current signal into a voltage signal according to the principle that the voltage across the resistor is proportional to the current flowing through the resistor according to the ohm's theorem. If the resistance value of the current sampling resistor RS1 is 1m omega, and the maximum shunt current is 40A, the voltage at the two ends of the current sampling resistor RS1 is 0.04V, and the voltage can be amplified to 100 times through the subsequent differential operation amplifying circuit, so that a voltage signal of 0-4V corresponding to the shunt current can be obtained, and the voltage signal is sent to the direct current distribution single control unit 3 for control and management.
Specifically, the differential operational amplifier circuit comprises a resistor R7 connected with the positive end of the current sampling resistor RS1, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with a resistor R9 and is also connected with a filter capacitor C7, the other end of the filter capacitor C7 is connected with a signal ground SGND, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the inverting input Pin2 end of the integrated operational amplifier U1A. The negative end of the current sampling resistor RS1 is connected with a resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the resistor R11 and is also connected with a filter capacitor C8, the other end of the filter capacitor C8 is connected with a signal ground SGND, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the non-inverting input Pin3 end of the integrated operational amplifier U1A; the resistor R12 is connected with the non-inverting input end (Pin3) of the integrated operational amplifier U1A, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the signal ground, and the capacitor C6 and the resistor R12 are arranged in parallel; the resistor R6 is connected between the inverting input terminal Pin2 and the output Pin1 of the integrated operational amplifier U1A in a bridge mode, and the capacitor C3 is connected with the resistor R6 in parallel. A power supply terminal Pin8 of the integrated operational amplifier U1A is connected with an auxiliary power supply VCC, and a power supply ground Pin4 of the integrated operational amplifier U1A is connected with a signal ground; capacitor C4 is the power supply decoupling capacitor of the integrated operational amplifier U1A and is connected to VCC and signal ground near the integrated operational amplifier U1A. The resistor R10 and the capacitor C5 form an RC filter, and the amplified current-to-voltage signal is continuously filtered, and the resistor R6, the resistor R7, the resistor R8, the resistor R9, the resistor R11, the resistor R12 and the integrated operational amplifier U1A form a typical differential operational amplifier circuit in the circuit. The amplified signal is filtered and output to the driving connection terminal as a CS terminal by the resistor R10 and the capacitor C5, and is finally transmitted to a microprocessor of the direct current distribution control unit 3.
As shown in fig. 7, the signal amplification circuit 55 includes a hall current sensor H1 connected between the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the battery 2, and the signal output terminal of the hall current sensor H1 is connected to the driving connection terminal, and since the hall current sensor H1 incorporates an amplifier, an additional amplification circuit is not required, and the circuit is simpler.
As shown in fig. 3, the square wave V (R1:1) is the driving waveform from the dc distribution control unit 3, here a periodic pulse with a period of 50 μ s; v (R5:2) is a driving pulse of the collector of the NPN triode, namely the grid protection action of the field effect transistor Q2, and the pulse has a remarkable gap corresponding to the overload occurrence process; ID (Q2) is the current waveform of the field effect transistor Q2, and to show the protection process, the overload current is set to be a periodical triangular wave, and the negative pulse occurs at the end time of the overload, when the driving signal V (R1:1) is still high, the drain-source voltage Vds of the field effect transistor Q2 is increased along with the increase of the drain-source current, when Vds is higher than the junction voltage of the diode D4, the transistor Q4 and the transistor Q5, current flows through the diode D4, the base-to-emitter of the transistor Q4, the base-to-emitter of the transistor Q5, the transistor Q4, the transistor Q5 are turned on, the collector of the transistor Q5 pulls the gate voltage of the field effect transistor Q2 low, the field effect transistor Q2 is turned off and maintains the drain-source voltage Vds to the field effect transistor Q2 down to the normal operating value (the overload phenomenon disappears).
The utility model has the advantages of utilize along separate routes electronic switch unit 5 to realize load 4's switch function along separate routes, do not have mechanical contact, do not have the restriction of switch number of times, long service life, it sets up quantity and can adjust the matching according to load 4's quantity along separate routes, realizes freely expanding of capacity, and based on its inside circuit setting, response speed is fast when overload protection, and the protection device quantity is few, and this device still has the reliability height, with low costs, small.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. Outdoor small-size intelligent direct current distribution device for integrated power supply includes the rectifier unit of being connected with the power supply electricity, the both ends of rectifier unit are connected with the battery, the serial communication port of rectifier unit is connected to the single control unit of direct current distribution, still includes the load along separate routes of parallel arrangement, each the current input part of load along separate routes is connected to respectively the anodal of battery, its characterized in that: the shunt electronic switch unit is arranged corresponding to the shunt load, a current input end of the shunt electronic switch unit is connected to a current output end of the corresponding shunt load, a current output end of the shunt electronic switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery, and driving ends of the shunt electronic switch unit are respectively connected to the direct current distribution unit control unit.
2. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 1, wherein: the branch electronic switch unit is provided with an input connecting terminal, an output connecting terminal and two drive connecting terminals, an automatic switch component, a switch driving circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit and a signal amplification circuit are arranged in the branch electronic switch unit, the automatic switch component is connected between the input connecting terminal and the output connecting terminal, the switch driving circuit is connected between the drive connecting terminal and the automatic switch component, the overvoltage protection circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are connected in parallel between the automatic switch component and the switch driving circuit, and the signal amplification circuit is connected between the other drive connecting terminal and the automatic switch component.
3. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 2, wherein: the automatic switching component comprises an enhancement mode N-channel field effect transistor Q2, the grid g and the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 are connected to the switch driving circuit, the drain d of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected to the current output end of the shunt load, and the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 is also connected to the negative pole of the storage battery.
4. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 3, wherein: the switch driving circuit comprises an NPN type triode Q1 and a PNP type triode Q3, the base electrodes of the triode Q1 and the triode Q3 are connected to the driving connecting terminal and the ground biasing resistor R4 through resistors R1 respectively, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to an auxiliary power supply VCC, the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery, the emitter electrodes of the triode Q1 and the triode Q3 are connected with each other and connected to a current limiting resistor R2 respectively, and the other end of the current limiting resistor R2 is connected to the gate g of the field effect transistor Q2.
5. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 3, wherein: the switch driving circuit comprises an integrated driving chip U2, the input end of the integrated driving chip U2 is respectively connected to the driving connection terminal and a ground bias resistor R4, and the output end of the integrated driving chip U2 is connected to the gate g of the field effect transistor Q2 through a current limiting resistor R2.
6. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 3, wherein: the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a single-phase transient voltage suppressor D2 connected between a drain electrode D and a source electrode s of the field effect transistor Q2, an energy absorption capacitor C1 connected in parallel with the single-phase transient voltage suppressor D2, a resistor R5 connected between a grid electrode g of the field effect transistor Q2 and the cathode of the storage battery, and a voltage stabilizing diode D3 and a voltage stabilizing diode D5 which are reversely connected in series in parallel at two ends of the resistor R5.
7. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 3, wherein: the overcurrent protection circuit comprises an NPN type triode Q4 and a triode Q5, wherein a base electrode of the triode Q4 is connected with a diode D4 or a voltage stabilizing diode DZ4, the diode D4 or the voltage stabilizing diode DZ4 is connected to a drain electrode D of the field effect transistor Q2 through a fast recovery diode D1, an emitter electrode of the triode Q4 is connected to a base electrode of the triode Q5, collector electrodes of the triode Q5 and the triode Q4 are respectively connected to a grid electrode g of the field effect transistor Q2, and an emitter electrode of the triode Q5 is connected to a negative electrode of the storage battery; the charging circuit is connected between the switch driving circuit and the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the charging circuit is connected to the anode of the diode D4 or the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ 4.
8. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 3, wherein: the overcurrent protection circuit comprises an NPN type triode Q4, a diode D4A, a diode D4 and a fast recovery diode D1 are sequentially connected in series between the base electrode of the triode Q4 and the drain electrode D of the field effect transistor Q2, the collector electrode of the triode Q4 is connected to the grid electrode g of the field effect transistor Q2, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of a storage battery; the quick recovery circuit further comprises an RC charging circuit, wherein the RC charging circuit is connected between the switch driving circuit and the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the RC charging circuit is connected between the diode D4 and the quick recovery diode D1.
9. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 3, wherein: the signal amplifying circuit comprises a current sampling resistor RS1 connected between the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the current sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the driving connecting terminal through a differential operation amplifying circuit.
10. The intelligent dc power distribution apparatus for outdoor small-sized integrated power supply according to claim 3, wherein: the signal amplifying circuit comprises a Hall current sensor H1 connected between the source s of the field effect transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the signal output end of the Hall current sensor H1 is connected to the driving connecting terminal.
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| CN202121555955.5U CN215185862U (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2021-07-09 | Outdoor small-size intelligent DC distribution device for integrated power supply |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114050549A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-02-15 | 华邦创科(惠州市)智能科技有限公司 | Single-phase power supply quick circuit-breaking protection system |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114050549A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-02-15 | 华邦创科(惠州市)智能科技有限公司 | Single-phase power supply quick circuit-breaking protection system |
| CN114050549B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-19 | 华邦创科(惠州市)智能科技有限公司 | Single-phase power supply quick circuit-breaking protection system |
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