CN215129892U

CN215129892U - Suspended elastic fracture fixer

Info

Publication number: CN215129892U
Application number: CN202023199249.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王永清
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-24
Filing date: 2020-12-24
Publication date: 2021-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-24

Abstract

A suspended elastic fracture fixator belongs to orthopedic medical instruments and comprises a cylindrical elastic nail body and suspended fixed blades, wherein tip parts are arranged at two ends of the nail body, the suspended fixed blades are inclination angle helical blades, and a plurality of suspended fixed blades are coaxially arranged on the elastic nail body. The utility model has the advantages that: the nail body is suspended and supported at the axis position of the marrow cavity and is not contacted and fixed with the inner wall of the marrow cavity, the fatigue resistance is strongest, and the stress shielding is minimum; the fracture can be automatically reset; the nail body, the broken end of the fracture and the callus bear uniform stress; when the elastic fixation is balanced, the stress shielding of the suspended elastic fracture fixator is zero, the fracture healing is not interfered, the original stress stimulation before the fracture can be received, the gene strong expression of osteoblasts at the fracture part is triggered, the synthesis of corresponding protein formed by bones is accelerated, the osteoblasts are rapidly evolved, the ossification is proliferated, and the callus is rapidly calcified, so that the fracture is accelerated to heal to the original shape and structure.

Description

Suspended elastic fracture fixer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to an orthopedic medical appliance, in particular to a suspended elastic fracture fixer.

Background

According to Wolff's law of bone surgery, the growth of bone is affected by mechanical stimuli to change its structure, which is strong and weak. It is generally believed that early fracture healing requires sufficient strength and rigidity for fixation, but that there is a risk of secondary fractures due to weakening and atrophy of the bone structure as a result of long-term fixation of the rigid material. In the latest domestic textbook of 'surgery' and the domestic top-level monograph 'practical bone science', the existence of rotation, bending and shearing stress at the fracture end is considered to be an important factor influencing the smooth growth of the tissue of the fracture end. We have found through retrospective studies that controlled intermittent rotational, bending and shear stresses, as well as axial stresses, are beneficial and can accelerate fracture healing. Therefore, we started the study.

The initial stage of the elastic intramedullary nail is the elastic intramedullary nail with the elasticity of the golf club head and the polished rod, which is the common clinical elastic intramedullary nail and is completely fixed in the medulla, but the minimally invasive surgery is relatively complex, is easy to withdraw and has no fracture shortening resistance function.

In 2000, the clavicle elastic intramedullary nail was developed, the proximal end of which is designed as a right conical head, followed by a screw lock higher than the nail body, to guide the elastic intramedullary nail to travel along the medullary cavity wall and not easily penetrate out of the cortical bone; the far end is a regular triangle tip, which is beneficial to pass through the cortical bone at the far end of the fracture in a retrograde manner. Complete intramedullary fixation, minimally invasive or closed operation, nail withdrawal prevention, and advanced healing of fracture to a certain extent, but no fracture shortening resistance.

In 2016, the elastic intramedullary nail with the clavicle is improved, an elastic intramedullary nail with a lock is designed, the proximal end of the intramedullary nail is a right conical head, and a thread lock higher than a nail body is arranged behind the nail body, so that the elastic intramedullary nail with the lock is guided to walk along the medullary cavity wall and does not penetrate out of the cortical bone; the far end is a regular triangle tip, which is beneficial to passing through the cortical bone at the far end of the fracture in a retrograde manner; the middle of the screw lock is provided with a screw lock higher than the nail body, and the screw pitch of the screw lock is different from that of the screw thread at the tip; two threaded locks span the fracture end, maintaining the stability of the bone length and the broken end. Complete intramedullary fixation, minimally invasive or closed surgery, prevention of withdrawal, distraction and compression of fracture ends, and promotion of fracture healing to a certain extent.

However, although the elastic interlocking intramedullary nail is used for intramedullary fixation, due to the elasticity, the elastic interlocking intramedullary nail can be elastically deformed in the medullary cavity according to the shape of the medullary cavity, the intramedullary nail can be widely contacted and fixed with the inner wall of the medullary cavity, and the actual intramedullary axial fixation is not realized, so that the elastic interlocking intramedullary nail and the fracture end have uneven stress bearing, the fatigue resistance of the intramedullary nail is weakened, the fracture occurs, and the fracture healing is disturbed to a certain extent. In addition, because of its elasticity, the intramedullary nail will be elastically deformed according to the shape of the intramedullary canal, and the intramedullary nail will be fixed with the inner wall of the intramedullary canal in a wide contact way, rather than the true fixation of the intramedullary axis, which causes the dislocation of the fractured end, and the steel wire or the thread rope is also needed to assist the fixation, so as to achieve the reduction state of the fractured end, thus the stress and the injury generated at the fractured end are not good for the bone healing.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the defects and provide a suspended elastic fracture fixator, wherein the nail body is not contacted and fixed with the inner wall of the marrow cavity, and the nail body is suspended and supported at the axle center position of the marrow cavity, so that the fatigue resistance is strongest and the stress shielding is minimum; compared with the previous intramedullary nails, the fracture can be automatically reset; the nail body, the broken end of the fracture and the callus bear uniform stress; when the elastic strain is fixed and balanced, the stress shielding of the suspended elastic fracture fixator is zero, the fracture healing is not interfered, the fracture end can receive the original stress stimulation before the fracture end can be stimulated, the gene of osteoblasts at the fracture part is touched to express strongly, the synthesis of corresponding protein formed by bones is accelerated, the osteoblasts evolve rapidly, the ossification is proliferated, and the callus is calcified rapidly, so that the fracture is accelerated to heal to the original shape and structure. A large amount of clinical data are inquired to prove that the fracture is quickly recovered.

The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a unsettled elasticity fracture fixer, it includes the elastic nail body, the elastic nail body is cylindrical, and both ends all are equipped with sharp portion, its characterized in that: the elastic nail body is coaxially provided with a plurality of suspended fixed blades.

The elastic nail body is made of 317L stainless steel or titanium alloy or nickel-titanium alloy material.

The diameter of the elastic nail body is 1-8 mm.

The axial width of the suspended fixed blade on the elastic nail body is 0.4-8 mm.

The distance from the root of the suspended fixed blade connected with the elastic nail body to the blade part of the blade is 0.5-8 mm.

The width of the root part of the suspended fixed blade connected with the elastic nail body is 0.5-5 mm.

The inclination angle between the suspended fixed blade and the axis of the elastic nail body is 10-70 degrees.

The elastic nail body is coaxially provided with 2-20 suspended fixed blades.

The tip portion is a conical tip portion or a pyramidal tip portion.

The utility model has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

1. from the suspension fixation principle, the suspension elastic fracture fixator is minimally invasive restoration and the elastic fixation of the suspension subsection locking in the marrow, and is real axle center fixation. According to the needs of fixing the fracture position, design unsettled fixed blade quantity, position, width, inclination and height, the cutting part of unsettled fixed blade cuts the contact with the inner wall of marrow cavity, support the nail body unsettled in the axle center position of marrow cavity, the nail body does not contact with the inner wall of marrow cavity, but the axle center is unsettled fixed, such fixed, unsettled elastic fracture fixer fatigue resistance is strongest, prevent the nail from breaking, stress shelters from the minimum, make the callus of fracture broken end in the healing process bear even stress stimulation, therefore, unsettled elastic fracture fixer makes the fracture automatic re-setting, it is better to promote fracture healing effect.

2. From the biomechanics perspective, the suspended elastic fracture fixator is arranged in a medullary cavity, the nail body can generate elastic deformation along with the movement of the fracture broken end, the stress shielding force is enhanced, and at the moment, the elastic strain force of the nail body plays a role in resisting the movement of the fracture broken end. When the elastic strain force of the nail body and the tissues around the fracture, such as muscle ligament and the like, are in a balanced static state, the stress shielding of the suspended elastic fracture fixator at the fracture end is zero, and the zero stress shielding is an ideal environment for promoting and accelerating the rapid healing of the fracture.

Zero stress shielding enables the fracture broken end to reproduce original stress stimulation before fracture, namely what stress the skeleton originally bears, what stress stimulation is needed in the fracture healing process. The magnitude of the force is the fracture end stress during painless functional training, and the stress at this time becomes the "power" for fracture healing.

3. From the view of molecular biology, the external factors of things act through internal factors, the smaller the stress shielding in the fracture healing process, the better the effect of stress recovery stimulation, the external factors of stress stimulation for promoting fracture healing, and the functions of promoting and accelerating fracture healing are realized by exciting a series of osteogenic internal factors of the fracture part of a human body. After the suspended elastic fracture fixator is fixed, the original stress of the bone is recovered, the genes of osteoblasts in the callus at the fracture part are touched to express strongly, so that the osteoblasts in the callus are evolved rapidly, ossification is proliferated, the callus is calcified rapidly, the synthesis of corresponding protein formed by the bone is accelerated, the fracture is promoted to be healed to the original shape and structure, and the fracture healing is accelerated.

4. The suspended elastic fracture fixator can realize minimally invasive reduction and intramedullary fixation of fractures of all tubular bones such as clavicles, humerus, ulna and radius, palmar phalanx, thighbones, shins, fibulas, patellas, metatarsophalangeal phalanges and the like.

In conclusion, the suspended elastic fracture fixator brings theoretical support of mechanics, molecular biology and clinical inquiry medicine.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.

Wherein:

1-elastic nail body, 2-suspended fixed blade, 3-head and 4-tail.

Detailed Description

Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a suspended elastic fracture fixator comprises an elastic nail body 1, wherein the elastic nail body can be made of 317L stainless steel or titanium alloy or nickel-titanium alloy, the elastic nail body 1 is cylindrical, the diameter of the elastic nail body is 1-8mm, two ends of the elastic nail body 1 are provided with tips 3 with different shapes according to different part fracture fixation, and the tips are conical tips or pyramid tips for leading the elastic nail body 1 to crawl along the inner wall of a medullary cavity; the suspended elastic fracture fixator also comprises 2-20 suspended fixed blades 2 coaxially arranged on the elastic nail body 1 at intervals, the suspended fixed blades 2 are single helical blades, the blade width, namely the axial width of the blades on the elastic nail body, is 0.4-8mm, the blade height, namely the distance from the root of the blades connected with the elastic nail body to the blade part of the blades is 0.5-8mm, and the blade thickness, namely the thickness of the root of the blades connected with the elastic nail body is 0.5-5 mm; the inclination angle between the suspended fixed blade 2 and the axis of the elastic nail body is 10-70 degrees.

Taking the fixed clavicle as an example, belonging to the fracture of the elastic strain fixed irregular bone, the elastic nail body 1 has the length of 150 plus 260mm and the diameter of 1.5-4.0mm, the tip parts 3 at two ends are respectively the head part and the tail part, and the head part is a right cone or a right pyramid, aiming at controlling the suspended elastic fracture fixator not to easily break the cortex of the bone; the tail part is a regular pyramid, and the purpose is to make the suspended elastic fracture fixator easily break through cortical bone; every 10-50mm from the near end of the elastic nail body 1 is provided with four suspended fixed blades 2, the width of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the axial width on the elastic nail body, is 1.4-3.0mm, the thickness of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the thickness of the root part connected with the elastic nail body is 0.5-1.5mm, the height of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the distance from the root part connected with the elastic nail body to the blade part of the blade is 0.5-2.5mm, and the inclination angle between each suspended fixed blade 2 and the axis of the elastic nail body 1 is 20-60 degrees. When the clavicle is fixed, the suspended fixed blades 2 lead the elastic nail body 1 to crawl to the far end along with the inner wall of the clavicle medullary cavity, the elastic nail body 1 is elastically deformed and changed in the medullary cavity and is consistent with the shape of the clavicle medullary cavity, the suspended fixed blades 2 suspend the elastic nail body 1 at the axle center position of the clavicle medullary cavity, each suspended fixed blade 2 is closely tangent with the inner wall of the clavicle medullary cavity, the clavicle is fixed in a segmented mode, fracture can be automatically reset, and good resetting and fixing effects are achieved. Because the elastic nail body 1 suspends the axis of the marrow cavity, the reasonable elastic biomechanical fixation is obtained, the high expression of various genes of osteogenic protein is induced, and the good molecular biological treatment effect, namely the rapid healing of fracture, namely the rapid recovery of fracture is generated.

The fracture of large tubular bone is fixed elastically by taking femur, tibia and humerus as examples. The length of the elastic nail body 1 is 240-480mm, the diameter is 3.0-8.0mm, the tip parts 3 at two ends are respectively a head part and a tail part, the head part is a regular triangular pyramid, the tail part is a triangular prism, the purpose is that the head part can conveniently enter the medullary cavity, and the tail part is jointed with the power drill; the tail 4 of the elastic nail body 1 is coaxially provided with 3 suspended fixed blades 2, and each suspended fixed blade 2 is arranged at an interval of 5-20 mm; the head 3 of the elastic nail body 1 is coaxially provided with 1 suspended fixed blade 2; 1 suspended fixed blade 2 is arranged between the head and the tail of the elastic nail body 1 at intervals of 20-50mm, and 4 suspended fixed blades are arranged; the width of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the axial width on the elastic nail body, is 3-20mm, the height of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the distance from the root of the blade connected with the elastic nail body to the blade edge part of the blade is 4.0-6.0mm, the thickness of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the thickness of the root of the blade connected with the elastic nail body is 1.5-5mm, and the inclination angle between each suspended fixed blade 2 and the axis of the elastic nail body 1 is 40-60 degrees. When in fixation, the elastic nail body 1 is respectively suspended in the axle center position of the marrow cavity of the fracture of femur, tibia, humerus and the like. The fracture plate is closely and tangentially fixed with the inner walls of medullary cavities of thighs, shins, humerus and the like, and is locked and fixed in a segmented mode, so that the fracture can automatically reset, and good resetting and fixing effects are achieved. Because the elastic nail body 1 suspends the axis of the marrow cavity, reasonable elastic biomechanical fixation is obtained, high expression of various genes of osteogenic protein is induced, and good molecular biological treatment effect, namely rapid fracture healing, is generated.

Taking the fixation of fracture of metacarpal bone and phalanx as an example, the fracture belongs to the fracture of elastic fixation small tubular bone. The elastic nail body 1 is 8-15mm long and 1.0-2.0mm in diameter, the tips 3 at two ends are respectively a head and a tail, the head and the tail are regular triangular pyramids, and the purpose is that the tips at two ends can enter and exit the marrow cavity; the near end of the elastic nail body 1, namely the head 3, is coaxially provided with a suspended fixed blade 2, the suspended fixed blade 2 is arranged at a distance of 5-20mm from the suspended fixed blade 2, 4-10 suspended fixed blades 2 can be arranged, the width of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the axial width on the elastic nail body, is 0.5-1.5mm, the height of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the distance from the root of the blade connected with the elastic nail body to the blade edge part, is 4.0-6.0mm, the thickness of each suspended fixed blade 2, namely the thickness of the root of the blade connected with the elastic nail body, is 0.5-1.5mm, and the inclination angle between each suspended fixed blade 2 and the axis of the elastic nail body 1 is 20-60 degrees. When in fixation, the elastic nail body 1 is respectively suspended in the axle center position of the marrow cavity of the fractured metacarpal bone and phalangeal bone. The fracture surface is cut and fixed with the inner wall of the marrow cavity of the metacarpal bones and the phalanges, and the metacarpal bones, the phalanges, the metatarsal bones and the phalanges are locked and fixed in sections, so that the fracture can be automatically reset, and good resetting and fixing effects are achieved. Because the elastic nail body 1 suspends the axis of the marrow cavity, reasonable elastic biomechanical fixation is obtained, high expression of various genes of osteogenic protein is induced, and good molecular biological treatment effect, namely rapid fracture healing, is generated.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a unsettled elasticity fracture fixer, it includes the elastic nail body, the elastic nail body is cylindrical, and both ends all are equipped with sharp portion, its characterized in that: the elastic nail body is coaxially provided with a plurality of suspended fixed blades.

2. The suspended elastic fracture fixator of claim 1, wherein: the elastic nail body is made of 317L stainless steel or titanium alloy or nickel-titanium alloy material.

3. The suspended elastic fracture fixator of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the elastic nail body is 1-8 mm.

4. The suspended elastic fracture fixator of claim 1, wherein: the axial width of the suspended fixed blade on the elastic nail body is 0.4-8 mm.

5. The suspended elastic fracture fixator of claim 1, wherein: the distance from the root of the suspended fixed blade connected with the elastic nail body to the blade part of the blade is 0.5-8 mm.

6. The suspended elastic fracture fixator of claim 1, wherein: the width of the root part of the suspended fixed blade connected with the elastic nail body is 0.5-5 mm.

7. The suspended elastic fracture fixator of claim 1, wherein: the inclination angle between the suspended fixed blade and the axis of the elastic nail body is 10-70 degrees.

8. The suspended elastic fracture fixator of claim 1, wherein: the elastic nail body is coaxially provided with 2-20 suspended fixed blades.

9. The suspended elastic fracture fixator of claim 1, wherein: the tip portion is a conical tip portion or a pyramidal tip portion.