CN215120746U - Notch filter and multi-frequency notch filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a notch filter and multifrequency notch filter. Comprising at least one notch filtering unit; the notch filtering unit comprises an input port, an output port, at least three resonators and at least one inductive element; wherein the resonators include at least two first resonators and at least one second resonator; the first resonator is connected in series between the input port and the output port, the first end of the second resonator is connected with a connection point between adjacent first resonators, the second end of the second resonator is connected with a fixed potential end, and at least one inductive element is connected with the second resonator in parallel. The utility model discloses according to the trapped wave characteristic of syntonizer itself, the design not only has good trapped wave characteristic based on the trapped wave filtering unit that a plurality of syntonizers constitute, can also reduce notch filter's circuit size, improves the suppression effect to the signal, reduces the loss of trapped wave.

Description

Notch filter and multi-frequency notch filter

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to the communication technology field, especially relate to a notch filter and multifrequency notch filter.

Background

With the development of communication technology, the requirement on the frequency spectrum utilization rate is higher and higher, and then the transmission frequency band distance between different information in the information transmission process is smaller and smaller. Therefore, the notch filter is required to have a better notch characteristic to meet the requirement of information transmission.

At present, designers usually adopt lumped elements such as capacitors and inductors to form a notch filter or adopt microstrip line circuits to form the notch filter, but the circuit design size of the two filters is overlarge and can not meet the application requirement of small portable equipment. In addition, a notch filter formed of lumped elements such as a capacitor and an inductor or a notch filter formed of a microstrip line circuit has a low quality factor, and a loss due to a notch becomes higher.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a notch filter and multifrequency notch filter for solve the big defect of notch filter circuit size among the prior art, make its application demand that can satisfy small-size portable equipment, improve the notch characteristic, reduce the notch loss.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a notch filter, including at least one notch filtering unit; the notch filtering unit comprises an input port, an output port, at least three resonators and at least one inductive element; wherein the resonators include at least two first resonators and at least one second resonator;

the first resonator is connected in series between the input port and the output port, the first end of the second resonator is connected with a connection point between adjacent first resonators, the second end of the second resonator is connected with a fixed potential end, and at least one inductive element is connected with the second resonator in parallel.

Further, the notch filter unit includes two first resonators, one second resonator, and one inductive element;

the first end of the first resonator is connected with the input port, the second end of the first resonator is connected with the first end of the second first resonator, the second end of the second first resonator is connected with the output port, the first end of the second resonator is connected with the second end of the first resonator, the second end of the second resonator is connected with the fixed potential end, and the inductive element is connected with the second resonator in parallel.

Further, the difference between the series resonance frequencies of the two first resonators is greater than zero and less than or equal to the notch bandwidth of the first resonator.

Further, the difference between the series resonance frequency of the second resonator and the parallel resonance frequency of the first resonator is less than or equal to the notch bandwidth of the first resonator.

Further, the notch filter comprises at least two notch filtering units; adjacent notch filter units share a first resonator.

Further, the sum of the equivalent impedance of the inductive element and the equivalent impedances of the first resonator and the second resonator is smaller than the equivalent impedances of the first resonator and the second resonator.

Further, the inductive element comprises an inductive element;

the inductive element is connected in parallel with the second resonator.

Further, the resonator includes one or more of a surface acoustic wave resonator, a bulk acoustic wave resonator, and a thin film cavity acoustic resonator.

In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a multi-frequency notch filter, including any one of the notch filters of the first aspect, wherein at least two notch filters are connected in series.

Further, the number of notch filter units in different notch filters is the same or different.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model, notch filter includes at least one notch filtering unit. The first resonators of the notch filter unit at least comprise two resonators with different resonant frequency characteristics, the two resonators are connected in series between the input port and the output port, and the overlapping range of the resonant frequencies of the at least two first resonators can be adjusted according to the requirement of the notch bandwidth, so that the notch bandwidth of the notch filter unit can be improved. And a second resonator including at least one resonator having a resonance frequency characteristic different from that of the first resonator, the second resonator having a first end connected to a connection point between adjacent first resonators and a second end connected to a fixed potential end, whereby the second resonator can improve a rejection characteristic of the notch filter unit by being connected between the first resonators. The inductive element is connected with the second resonator in parallel, and the loss values of at least three resonator connecting circuits, namely the loss values of the first resonator and the second resonator connecting circuit can be adjusted, so that the loss value of the notch filter unit is reduced. Therefore, the utility model discloses notch filter unit based on at least three syntonizer and inductance constitute not only can design suitable frequency width and suppression characteristic according to the resonant frequency of syntonizer, can also reduce notch filter's circuit size, reduces the loss of trapped wave.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a notch filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic performance diagram of a single resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a performance diagram of a three-resonator connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the performance of a single notch filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic performance diagram of a notch filter unit resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another notch filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the performance of two different notch filters provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency notch filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-frequency notch filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a performance diagram of the multi-frequency notch filter of fig. 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-frequency notch filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a performance diagram of the multi-frequency notch filter of fig. 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a notch filter's schematic structure diagram, figure 1 is the utility model provides a notch filter's schematic structure diagram. As shown in fig. 1, the notch filter includes at least one notch filtering unit; the notch filter unit comprises an input port a, an output port B, at least three resonators and at least one inductive element 130; wherein the resonators include at least two first resonators 110 and at least one second resonator 120; the first resonators 110 are connected in series between the input port a and the output port B, the first end of the second resonator 120 is connected to a connection point between adjacent first resonators 110, the second end of the second resonator 120 is connected to a fixed potential end, and at least one inductive element 130 is connected in parallel to the second resonator 120.

Specifically, the notch filter unit is a band-stop filter that can quickly attenuate an input signal in a certain frequency band to prevent the frequency signal in the certain frequency band from passing through. The resonator can generate resonant frequency, and the generated resonant frequency has the characteristics of strong stability and strong anti-interference performance. Resonators are widely used in various electronic products for frequency control. Fig. 2 is a performance diagram of a single resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the abscissa is the frequency of the resonator and the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal. Curve 200 is the performance curve for a single resonator. As can be seen, a single resonator has a notch characteristic in response to itself. Therefore, the utility model discloses based on the syntonizer has the notch characteristic to its response itself, design notch filter unit includes at least three syntonizer. At least three resonators can be divided into two categories: the first resonator 110 is a first resonator 110, the first resonator 110 includes at least two resonators with different resonant frequency characteristics connected in series between the input port a and the output port B, and the overlapping range of the resonant frequencies of the at least two first resonators 110 can be adjusted according to the requirement of the notch bandwidth, so that the notch bandwidth of the notch filter unit can be increased. The second type is a second resonator 120, the second resonator 120 includes at least one resonator having a characteristic of a resonant frequency different from that of the first resonator 110, a first end of the second resonator 120 is connected to a connection point between adjacent first resonators 110, and a second end of the second resonator 120 is connected to a fixed potential end, whereby the second resonator 120 can improve a rejection characteristic of the notch filter unit by being connected between the first resonators 110. Fig. 3 is a performance diagram of a three-resonator connection according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the abscissa is the frequency of the resonator and the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal. Curve 301 is the performance curve for a three resonator connection. Comparing fig. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the use of three resonators further improves the bandwidth and suppression of the single resonator notch. The inductive element 130 is connected in parallel with the second resonator 120, and can adjust the loss value of at least three resonator connection circuits, that is, adjust the loss value of the connection circuit of the first resonator 110 and the second resonator 120, so that the loss value of the notch filter unit is reduced. Fig. 4 is a performance diagram of a single notch filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the abscissa is the frequency of the resonator and the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal. Curve 302 is the performance curve of a single notch filter unit. Comparing fig. 3 and 4, it can be seen that inductive element 130 is connected in parallel with second resonator 120, and then the loss of the notch filter unit is reduced. Therefore, the utility model discloses notch filter unit based on three at least syntonizers and at least one inductance constitute not only can design suitable frequency width and suppression characteristic according to the resonant frequency of syntonizer, can also reduce notch filter's circuit size, reduces the loss of trapped wave.

Illustratively, with continued reference to fig. 1, the notch filter unit comprises two first resonators 110, one second resonator 120 and one inductive element 130; the first end of the first resonator 111 is connected to the input port a, the second end of the first resonator 111 is connected to the first end of the second first resonator 112, the second end of the second first resonator 112 is connected to the output port B, the first end of the second resonator 120 is connected to the second end of the first resonator 111, the second end of the second resonator 120 is connected to the fixed potential end, and the inductive element 130 is connected in parallel to the second resonator 120.

Specifically, the notch filter unit includes two first resonators 110 connected in series between the input port a and the output port B. A first end of the first resonator 111 is connected to the input port a, that is, the input port a serves as an input port of the notch filtering unit; the second end of the second first resonator 112 is connected to the output port B, i.e. the output port B acts as the output port of the notch filter unit. The notch filter unit includes a second resonator 120 having a first end connected to the second end of the first resonator 111 and a second end connected to the fixed potential end of the second resonator 120. The two first resonators 110 included in the notch filter unit have different resonant frequencies, and the overlapping range of the resonant frequencies of the two first resonators 110 can be adjusted according to the requirement of the notch bandwidth, so that the notch bandwidth of the notch filter unit can be increased. The one second resonator 120 included in the notch filter unit may further improve the rejection characteristic of the notch filter unit by being connected between the two first resonators 110. Therefore, the notch filter composed of the T-shaped structure circuit composed of the three resonators fully utilizes the resonance frequency characteristics of the resonators to form the notch filter with good notch characteristics, and can realize the purpose of quickly attenuating an input signal in a certain frequency band and preventing the frequency signal in the frequency band from passing through. The notch filter unit further comprises an inductive element 130 for adjusting the circuit, and the inductive element 130 is connected in parallel with the second resonator 120, so that the loss of the notch filter unit is reduced, and the notch characteristics of the notch filter are further optimized.

Optionally, the difference between the series resonant frequencies of the two first resonators is greater than zero and less than or equal to the notch bandwidth of the first resonator.

Exemplarily, fig. 5 is a schematic performance diagram of a notch filter unit resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Where the abscissa is the frequency of the resonator, the ordinate is the impedance value of the resonator, curve 101 is the performance curve of the first resonator 111, and curve 102 is the performance curve of the first resonator 112. The upper pole P1 of each resonator's performance curve represents the parallel resonant frequency of the resonator and the lower pole P2 represents the series resonant frequency of the resonator. As can be seen, the series resonant frequency of the first resonator 111 is close to the series resonant frequency of the first resonator 112, and the difference between the series resonant frequencies of the two first resonators is greater than zero and less than or equal to the notch bandwidth of the first resonator 111, so that the series resonant frequencies of the two first resonators partially overlap. When the two first resonators are connected in series and the series resonance frequencies of the two first resonators partially overlap, the series frequencies of the two first resonators are merged together, so that the notch bandwidth of the notch filter unit can be widened.

Optionally, a difference between the series resonant frequency of the second resonator and the parallel resonant frequency of the first resonator is smaller than or equal to a notch bandwidth of the first resonator.

Illustratively, continuing with reference to fig. 2, where curve 201 is the performance curve of the second resonator 120. As can be seen, the series resonance frequency of the second resonator 120 is close to the parallel resonance frequency of the first resonator 111; and the series resonance frequency of the second resonator 120 is also close to the parallel resonance frequency of the first resonator 112, so the difference between the series resonance frequency of the second resonator 120 and the parallel resonance frequency of the first resonance frequency is less than or equal to the notch bandwidth of the first resonator 111. Thereby, the series resonance frequency of the second resonator 120 is close to the parallel resonance frequency of the two first resonators, and the second resonator can enhance the signal suppression effect of the notch filter unit by being connected between the first resonators.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another notch filter according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the notch filter includes at least two notch filtering units; adjacent notch filter units share one first resonator 112.

Illustratively, the notch filter includes two notch filtering units that share a first resonator 112. The notch filter includes three first resonators 110, two second resonators 120 and two inductive elements 130, the first resonators 111, the first resonators 112 and the first resonators 113 are connected in series between the input port a and the output port B, the first end of the second resonator 121 is connected to the second end of the first resonator 111, the second end of the second resonator 121 is grounded, the first end of the second resonator 122 is connected to the second end of the first resonator 112, the second end of the second resonator 122 is grounded, the inductive element 131 is connected in parallel with the second resonator 121, and the inductive element 132 is connected in parallel with the second resonator 122. The overlapping range of the resonant frequencies of the at least two notch filter units can be adjusted according to the requirement of the notch bandwidth, and the two notch filter units are connected in series, so that the resonant frequencies of the two notch filter units are combined together, and the notch bandwidth of the notch filter units can be further improved. Thus, the notch filter composed of two resonators with close resonant frequencies makes full use of the notch characteristics of the resonators to form a notch filter with good notch characteristics, so that the input signal can be quickly attenuated in a certain frequency band to achieve the purpose of preventing the frequency signal in the band from passing, but the loss of the input signal is large. In response to this drawback, the notch filter unit further includes an inductive element 131 and an inductive element 132, which can adjust the circuit, and the inductive element 130 is connected in parallel with the second resonator 120, so that the loss of the notch filter unit is reduced, and the notch characteristics of the notch filter are further optimized.

In addition, the notch filter composed of a plurality of notch filter units has a notch bandwidth larger than that of the harmonic filter composed of a single filter unit. Fig. 7 is a performance diagram of two different notch filters according to an embodiment of the present invention. Where the abscissa is the frequency of the notch filter and the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal. Curve 302 is the performance curve of a notch filter consisting of a single filter unit, and curve 401 is the performance curve of a notch filter consisting of two filter units, which can be derived from the figure, the range of the filter bandwidth of the notch filter consisting of two filter units is larger than that of the notch filter consisting of a single filter unit.

It should be noted that the range of the notch bandwidth of the notch filter is set according to the bandwidth of the input signal to be notched, and in other embodiments, the notch filter can adjust the notch bandwidth by adjusting the number of the notch filtering units.

Optionally, a sum of the equivalent impedance of the inductive element and the equivalent impedances of the first resonator and the second resonator is smaller than the equivalent impedances of the first resonator and the second resonator.

The inductive element can adjust the circuit, and the equivalent impedance of the inductive element is connected with the second resonator in parallel, so that the equivalent impedance of the inductive element adjusts the equivalent impedance of the first resonator and the second resonator, and the whole impedance value of the notch filter unit is reduced. Since the inductive element is connected in parallel with the second resonator, the resistance of the parallel circuit is smaller and smaller according to ohm's law, and the inductive element is used for reducing the total resistance of the circuit. From this, it is found that the sum of the equivalent impedance of the inductive element and the equivalent impedances of the first resonator and the second resonator is smaller than the equivalent impedances of the first resonator and the second resonator, and the loss value of the trap filter unit is reduced by reducing the equivalent resistance value of the entire circuit and adjusting the loss value of the circuit connecting the first resonator and the second resonator.

Illustratively, with continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, comparing fig. 3 and 4, the loss characteristic of curve 301 is greater than the loss characteristic of curve 302, and the notch filter unit does not include an inductive element to shift the overall characteristic of the notch filter unit downward, i.e., the loss is increased. Therefore, the inductive element can adjust the impedance of the notch filter circuit, so that the whole impedance value of the notch filter unit is reduced, and the loss value of the notch filter unit is further reduced.

Optionally, the inductive element comprises an inductive element; the inductive element is connected in parallel with the second resonator.

The inductor element is a notch filter formed by a chip inductor element manufactured based on Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) and surface mount device technology, so that the size of the notch filter can be reduced, and the requirement of handheld mobile application equipment is met. The inductance element is connected in parallel with the second resonator, and can adjust the impedance of the notch filter circuit, so that the whole impedance value of the notch filter unit is reduced, and further the loss value of the notch filter unit is reduced.

Optionally, the resonator comprises one or more of a surface acoustic wave resonator, a bulk acoustic wave resonator and a thin film cavity acoustic resonator.

The Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) mainly uses the piezoelectric property of piezoelectric material, and uses input and output transducers to convert the input signal of electric wave into mechanical energy, and after processing, the mechanical energy is converted into electric signal, so as to attain the goal of filtering unnecessary signal and noise and raising signal receiving quality. And compared with the traditional LC filter, the surface acoustic wave resonator is simpler to mount and smaller in volume. The acoustic waves in a bulk acoustic wave resonator propagate in a vertical manner and by storing acoustic wave energy in a piezoelectric material, very high quality can be achieved, converting to a device with large out-of-band attenuation and great competitiveness. Film Bulk Acoustic Resonators (FBARs) have the characteristics of high Q value and easy realization of miniaturization. The surface acoustic wave resonator, the bulk acoustic wave resonator and the film cavity acoustic resonator have the characteristics of small volume, low cost and high Q factor, and can meet the filtering requirements of high specificity and high performance. Surface acoustic wave resonators are suitable for lower frequencies (up to 2.7GHz), bulk acoustic wave resonators and thin film cavity acoustic resonators are suitable for higher frequencies (2.7GHz-6 GHz).

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency notch filter according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, including implementing any notch filter 100 in the above embodiments, at least two notch filters 100 are connected in series.

Multifrequency notch filter includes the utility model discloses the notch filter that arbitrary embodiment provided, consequently has the utility model provides a notch filter's beneficial effect, here is no longer repeated.

Optionally, the number of notch filtering units in different notch filters is the same or different.

For example, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-frequency notch filter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein the multi-frequency notch filter is formed by connecting two notch filters including a single notch filter unit in series, it should be noted that the resonance frequencies of five resonators of the multi-frequency notch filter are different. Fig. 10 is a performance diagram of the multi-frequency notch filter of fig. 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention; where the abscissa is the frequency of the multi-band notch filter, the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal, and curve 501 is the performance curve of the multi-band notch filter of fig. 9, which can be derived from the figure, the notch frequency of the multi-band notch filter is about 3.2 and 4.9.

For example, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-frequency notch filter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein the multi-frequency notch filter is formed by connecting a notch filter comprising a single notch filter unit and a notch filter comprising two notch filter units in series, it should be noted that the resonance frequencies of the eight resonators of the multi-frequency notch filter are different. Fig. 12 is a schematic performance diagram of the multi-frequency notch filter of fig. 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention; where the abscissa is the frequency of the multi-band notch filter, the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal, and curve 502 is the performance curve of the multi-band notch filter of fig. 11, which can be derived from the figure, the notch frequency of the multi-band notch filter is about 3.2 and 4.9.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims (10)

1. A notch filter comprising at least one notch filtering unit; the notch filter unit comprises an input port, an output port, at least three resonators and at least one inductive element; wherein the resonators include at least two first resonators and at least one second resonator;

the first resonators are connected in series between the input port and the output port, the first ends of the second resonators are connected with the connection points between the adjacent first resonators, the second ends of the second resonators are connected with the fixed potential ends, and at least one inductive element is connected with the second resonators in parallel.

2. The notch filter of claim 1, wherein the notch filtering unit includes two of the first resonators, one of the second resonators, and one of the inductive elements;

the first end of the first resonator is connected with the input port, the second end of the first resonator is connected with the first end of the second resonator, the second end of the second resonator is connected with the output port, the first end of the second resonator is connected with the second end of the first resonator, the second end of the second resonator is connected with the fixed potential end, and the inductive element is connected with the second resonator in parallel.

3. The notch filter of claim 2, wherein the difference between the series resonant frequencies of two of the first resonators is greater than zero and less than or equal to the notch bandwidth of the first one of the first resonators.

4. The notch filter of claim 3, wherein a difference between a series resonant frequency of the second resonator and a parallel resonant frequency of a first of the first resonators is less than or equal to a notch bandwidth of the first resonators.

5. The notch filter of claim 2, wherein the notch filter comprises at least two of the notch filtering units; adjacent notch filter units share one of the first resonators.

6. The notch filter of claim 2, wherein a sum of an equivalent impedance of the inductive element and an equivalent impedance of the first resonator and the second resonator is smaller than an equivalent impedance of the first resonator and the second resonator.

7. The notch filter of claim 6, wherein the inductive element comprises an inductive element;

the inductive element is connected in parallel with the second resonator.

8. The notch filter of claim 6, wherein the resonators include one or more of surface acoustic wave resonators, bulk acoustic wave resonators, and film bulk acoustic resonators.

9. A multi-frequency notch filter comprising at least two notch filters according to any one of claims 1 to 8, at least two of said notch filters being connected in series.

10. The multi-frequency notch filter of claim 9, wherein the number of notch filter units in different notch filters is the same or different.

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