CN215117091U - Backlight module and liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a liquid crystal display technology field discloses a backlight module and LCD. Backlight unit is including fixed subassembly, optics diaphragm, elastic component and moving part, wherein fixed subassembly includes backplate and light guide plate, the light guide plate is fixed in on the backplate, the optics diaphragm sets up on the light guide plate, the both ends of elastic component are connected with optics diaphragm along X to one end and fixed subassembly respectively, the one end and the fixed subassembly of moving part are connected, the other end is the free end, optics diaphragm is along X to the other end and free end butt, the moving part can produce along X to deformation along with temperature variation, so that the free end can keep away from or be close to the elastic component. The utility model discloses a backlight unit, installation between each part is reliable, can not produce the abnormal sound, and the difficult fold of optics diaphragm. The utility model discloses a liquid crystal display, through setting up foretell backlight unit, each part installation is reliable, difficult abnormal sound that produces, and the display effect is good.

Description

Backlight module and liquid crystal display

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a liquid crystal display technology field especially relates to a backlight module and LCD.

Background

The liquid crystal display has the advantages of low operating voltage, light weight, small volume and the like, and is widely applied to various display devices. The liquid crystal display comprises a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel, wherein the backlight module provides a light source for the liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal display panel changes the orientation of liquid crystal molecules and controls the strength of light transmission by utilizing the change of the electric field intensity applied to the liquid crystal molecules, so that the display of images is realized.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a backlight module in the prior art, as shown in fig. 1, an X direction indicates a direction parallel to a plane of an optical film 3 ', a Z direction indicates a direction perpendicular to the plane of the optical film 3', the backlight module includes a back plate 1 ', a light guide plate 2' and an optical film 3 ', the light guide plate 2' is fixed on the back plate 1 ', the optical film 3' is disposed on the light guide plate 2 ', the backlight module generates heat when operating, the optical film 3' expands along the X direction when heated, if both ends of the optical film 3 'in the X direction are completely constrained on the light guide plate 2' when being installed, and cannot move when the optical film 3 'expands, a wavy wrinkle is generated in the middle of the optical film 3', which affects a display effect.

In the prior art, in order to avoid the above-mentioned wavy wrinkles of the optical film 3 ', the optical film 3' is generally installed in the following two ways: firstly, as shown in fig. 1, the optical film 3 'is installed along both ends of the X direction in a semi-fixed manner, namely, both ends of the optical film 3' are limited in the Z direction by the middle plate 4 'or other structures, and the X direction is not restricted, and when the optical film 3' is thermally expanded, both ends move along the X direction respectively, thereby avoiding the occurrence of wrinkles. However, in this method, the relative position between the optical film 3 'and the light guide plate 2' is not fixed firmly, and positional displacement is likely to occur, thereby generating abnormal noise. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another backlight module in the prior art, as shown in fig. 2, a first end of an optical film 3 ' along an X direction is fixed on a light guide plate 2 ' by an adhesive tape (i.e., the first end is completely constrained), and a second end is limited in a Z direction (i.e., partially constrained) only by a middle plate 4 ', on one hand, when the backlight module performs a reliability test in a low temperature environment, the optical film 3 ' shrinks, and since only the second end of the optical film 3 ' can move, the second end is easily separated from an edge of the middle plate 4 ', i.e., the mounting reliability of the optical film 3 ' is poor; on the other hand, in order to ensure that the second end of the optical film 3 'can move smoothly, a certain gap is reserved between the middle plate 4' and the second end of the optical film 3 ', and when the backlight module shakes violently, the optical film 3' also moves, so that abnormal sound is generated.

Therefore, a backlight module and a liquid crystal display are needed to solve the above-mentioned problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a backlight unit, installation between each part is reliable, can not produce the abnormal sound, and the difficult fold of optical film piece.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display, which is provided with the backlight module, and the components are installed reliably and are not easy to generate abnormal sound, and the display effect is good.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

a backlight module includes:

the fixing assembly comprises a back plate and a light guide plate, and the light guide plate is fixed on the back plate;

the optical diaphragm is arranged on the light guide plate;

the two ends of the elastic piece are respectively connected with one end of the optical membrane along the X direction and the fixed component;

and one end of the movable piece is connected with the fixed component, the other end of the movable piece is a free end, the optical film is abutted against the other end of the optical film along the X direction, and the movable piece can deform along the X direction along with the temperature change so that the free end can be far away from or close to the elastic piece.

Optionally, the movable member is made of a memory metal, and the memory metal is a nickel-titanium alloy or a copper-based shape memory alloy or an iron-based shape memory alloy.

Optionally, the movable member comprises:

the deformation part is provided with a fold structure along the X direction, and one end of the deformation part is connected with the light guide plate;

and the abutting plate is perpendicular to the X direction and is connected with the other end of the deformation part, and the end face of the optical diaphragm perpendicular to the X direction is abutted against the abutting plate.

Optionally, the fixing assembly further comprises a limiting cylinder connected with the light guide plate, the axial direction of the limiting cylinder is parallel to the X direction, and one end, abutted against the moving member, of the optical diaphragm extends into the limiting cylinder and can slide along the limiting cylinder.

Optionally, one end of the light guide plate, which is close to the movable member, is provided with a first notch portion, the limiting cylinder is partially accommodated in the first notch portion, one of the first notch portion and the limiting cylinder is provided with a first protrusion, the other one of the first notch portion and the limiting cylinder is provided with a first jack, and the first protrusion is inserted into the first jack;

the fixing assembly further comprises a middle plate, the middle plate is connected with the back plate, and the limiting cylinder is pressed on the light guide plate.

Optionally, the spacing cylinder includes:

the lower cylinder is connected with the light guide plate, and one end of the movable piece is connected with the lower cylinder;

the upper cover is buckled with the lower cylinder body to form a cylindrical structure, and the upper cover is detachably connected with the lower cylinder body.

Optionally, the fixing assembly further includes a guide member, the guide member is connected to the back plate, the guide member is provided with a guide groove extending along the X direction, the elastic member is disposed in the guide groove and connected to the guide member, and an end of the optical film extends into the guide groove and can slide along the guide groove.

Optionally, the back plate includes a bottom plate and an end plate, the light guide plate is fixed on the bottom plate, a gap is formed between an end surface of the light guide plate close to the elastic member and the end plate, the guide member includes a body portion and an insertion portion, the guide groove is opened on the body portion, and the insertion portion is connected with the body portion and is limited in the gap;

one of the end plate and the inserting part is provided with a second bulge, the other one of the end plate and the inserting part is provided with a second inserting hole, and the second bulge is inserted into the second inserting hole.

Optionally, the backlight module further includes a connecting member, the connecting member is disposed in the guide groove, one side of the connecting member is connected to the end face of the optical film, which is close to the elastic member, and the other side of the connecting member is connected to the elastic member.

A liquid crystal display comprises a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module, wherein the liquid crystal display panel is connected with the backlight module.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect does:

the backlight module of the utility model can clamp the optical diaphragm by the cooperation of the elastic piece and the movable piece when in the normal temperature state of non-work, namely, the whole optical diaphragm is completely restrained, so that the optical diaphragm can not generate position movement, and the problem of abnormal sound is avoided; and when backlight unit during operation, the optics diaphragm is heated and takes place the inflation, and the free end of moving part produces X to the removal along with the rising of temperature this moment to make the optics diaphragm can obtain releasing along X to the inflation, avoid the optics diaphragm to produce the fold, simultaneously under the elastic force that the elastic component was applyed, the optics diaphragm still can keep pressing from both sides the state of pressing from both sides tightly between elastic component and moving part, avoids the optics diaphragm to take place random drunkenness, and then avoids producing the abnormal sound. The backlight module of this embodiment can guarantee that the during operation optics diaphragm can not take place the fold because of being heated, and can keep the optics diaphragm all the time and be in the state of being retrained steadily, avoids the abnormal sound condition because of the production of optics diaphragm drunkenness.

The utility model discloses a liquid crystal display, through setting up foretell backlight unit, the display effect is good, and each part installation is reliable, difficult abnormal sound that produces.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module provided in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another backlight module provided in the prior art;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the backlight module according to the embodiment of the present invention at normal temperature;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the backlight module according to the embodiment of the present invention in a high temperature state;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a limiting cylinder and a moving part according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a lower cylinder body and a movable member of a limiting cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the matching state of the guiding element, the elastic element and the connecting element according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1' -a backsheet; 2' -a light guide plate; 3' -an optical film; 4' -middle plate;

1-a stationary component; 11-a back plate; 111-a backplane; 112-end plate; 113-a second protrusion; 12-a light guide plate; 121-a first notch portion; 122 — a first protrusion; 13-a limiting cylinder; 131-a lower cylinder; 132-an upper cover; 133-a first receptacle; 134-fastener; 135-clamping hole; 14-middle plate; 15-a guide; 151-a body portion; 152-a plug-in part; 153-guide grooves; 154-a second receptacle;

2-an optical film;

3-an elastic member;

4-a movable part; 41-a deformation portion; 42-an abutment plate;

5-connecting piece.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

The embodiment provides a backlight module and a liquid crystal display, wherein the liquid crystal display comprises a liquid crystal display panel and the backlight module, and the liquid crystal display panel is connected with the backlight module. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the backlight module provided in this embodiment at a normal temperature, and fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the backlight module provided in this embodiment at a high temperature, where it should be noted that "the high temperature state" in this embodiment refers to a temperature state higher than the ambient environment caused by heat generation during the use of the backlight module, in fig. 3, an X direction indicates a certain direction in a plane where the optical film 2 is located, and a Z direction indicates a direction perpendicular to the plane where the optical film 2 is located. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the backlight module includes a fixed component 1, an optical film 2, an elastic member 3 and a movable member 4, wherein the fixed component 1 includes a back plate 11 and a light guide plate 12, the back plate 11 includes a bottom plate 111 and end plates 112, the end plates 112 are connected to two ends of the bottom plate 111 and are perpendicular to the bottom plate 111, the light guide plate 12 is fixed on the bottom plate 111 through double-sided tape or other structures, the optical film 2 is disposed on a side of the light guide plate 12 away from the bottom plate 111 and is attached to the light guide plate 12, preferably, two ends of the elastic member 3 are respectively connected to one end of the optical film 2 along an X direction and the fixed component 1, one end of the movable member 4 is connected to the fixed component 1, the other end is a free end, the other end of the optical film 2 along the X direction abuts against the free end, the movable member 4 can deform along the X direction along with temperature change, that is, the free end of the movable member 4 can displace along the X direction, so that the free end can move away from or close to the elastic member 3, thereby allowing the optical film 2 abutting against the free end to expand in the X direction.

In the backlight module of the embodiment, one end of the optical film 2 is connected with the elastic member 3, and the other end of the optical film is abutted against the movable member 4, so that when the backlight module is in a non-working normal temperature state, the elastic member 3 and the movable member 4 are matched to clamp the optical film 2, namely, the whole optical film 2 is completely constrained, the optical film 2 cannot move, and the problem of abnormal sound is avoided; and when backlight unit during operation, optical film 2 is heated and takes place the inflation, and the free end of moving part 4 produces X to the removal along with the rising of temperature this moment to make optical film 2 can obtain releasing along the inflation in X to, avoid optical film 2 to produce the fold, simultaneously under the elastic force that elastic component 3 applyed, optical film 2 still can keep the state of pressing from both sides tightly between elastic component 3 and moving part 4, avoids optical film 2 to take place random drunkenness, and then avoids producing the abnormal sound. The backlight module of this embodiment can guarantee that optical film 2 can not take place the fold because of being heated during the work, and can keep optical film 2 to be in the state of being retrained steadily all the time, avoids the abnormal sound condition because of optical film 2 drunkenness produces. The liquid crystal display of the embodiment has good display effect, and each component is reliably installed and is not easy to generate abnormal sound by arranging the backlight module.

Preferably, at normal temperature, the elastic member 3 is in a compressed state, so that the elastic member 3 applies pressure to the optical film 2 to press the optical film 2 against the free end of the movable member 4 along the X direction; when the optical film 2 is heated and both ends along the X direction expand, the elastic member 3 still maintains a compressed state, so as to ensure the clamped state of the optical film 2. Alternatively, the elastic member 3 is a spring, and in other embodiments, the elastic member 3 may also be other elastic elements such as a rubber column, which is not limited herein. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the backlight module further includes a connecting member 5, one side of the connecting member 5 is connected to the end surface of the optical film 2 close to the elastic member 3, and the other side of the connecting member is connected to the elastic member 3, and the connecting member 5 can more conveniently connect the elastic member 3 to the optical film 2.

Preferably, the movable member 4 is made of memory metal, and at normal temperature, the movable member 4 maintains a stable shape so as to cooperate with the elastic member 3 to restrain the optical film 2, and at the time of temperature rise, the movable member 4 deforms into another shape, and the free end of the movable member 4 generates displacement along the X direction so as to provide a space for expansion of the optical film 2. Specifically, the memory metal may be a nickel-titanium alloy, a copper-based shape memory alloy, or an iron-based shape memory alloy, and the movable member 4 may be a memory metal of any alloy system in the prior art without departing from the inventive concept of the present application. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the movable element 4 includes a deformation portion 41 and an abutting plate 42, at normal temperature, one end of the deformation portion 41 is connected to the light guide plate 12 and has a corrugated structure along the X direction, the abutting plate 42 is perpendicular to the X direction and is connected to the other end of the deformation portion 41, that is, the abutting plate 42 is the free end of the movable element 4, an end surface of the optical film 2 perpendicular to the X direction abuts against the abutting plate 42, and after the backlight module is heated, the temperature of the deformation portion 41 rises and changes from the corrugated structure to a flat state, so that the abutting plate 42 generates displacement away from the light guide plate 12 along the X direction. It should be noted that when the movable element 4 is deformed by heat, deformation in other directions is inevitably generated, and the deformation is not limited thereto as long as the deformation in the X direction away from the light guide plate 12 is generated to allow the optical film 2 to expand.

Preferably, fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the limiting cylinder 13 and the moving member 4 in this embodiment, fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the lower cylinder 131 and the moving member 4 in this embodiment, a Y direction in fig. 5 is parallel to a plane where the optical film 2 is located, and a Z direction is perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction, respectively, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the fixing assembly 1 further includes the limiting cylinder 13 connected to the light guide plate 12, an axial direction of the limiting cylinder 13 is parallel to the X direction, and one end of the optical film 2, which is used for abutting against the moving member 4, extends into the limiting cylinder 13 and can slide along the limiting cylinder 13. The cooperation of elastic component 3 and moving part 4 can press from both sides tight optics diaphragm 2, and spacing section of thick bamboo 13 has then further carried on spacingly along the Z to optics diaphragm 2, avoids making optics diaphragm 2 take place the drunkenness along the Z because of the centre gripping dynamics of elastic component 3 and moving part 4 is not enough, has improved the reliability of optics diaphragm 2 installation.

As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 6, one end of the light guide plate 12 close to the movable element 4 is provided with a first notch portion 121, the limiting cylinder 13 is partially accommodated in the first notch portion 121, one of the first notch portion 121 and the limiting cylinder 13 is provided with a first protrusion 122, the other is provided with a first insertion hole 133, the first protrusion 122 is inserted into the first insertion hole 133, the fixing assembly 1 further includes a middle plate 14, the middle plate 14 is connected with the back plate 11, and the limiting cylinder 13 is pressed onto the light guide plate 12. The cooperation of the first protrusion 122 and the first insertion hole 133 enables the limiting cylinder 13 and the optical film 2 to be relatively positioned in a plane perpendicular to the Z direction, and the middle plate 14 presses the limiting cylinder 13 onto the light guide plate 12 along the Z direction, so that the position of the limiting cylinder 13 is completely fixed, the structure is simple, and the positioning is accurate. In addition, the part of the limiting cylinder 13 is accommodated in the first notch part 121, so that the limiting cylinder 13 has an avoiding effect on the end part of the optical diaphragm 2, and the problem that the end part of the optical diaphragm 2 is not tilted due to the fact that the end part of the optical diaphragm 2 extends into the limiting cylinder 13 is solved. Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, the first notch portion 121 is provided with a first protrusion 122, and the limiting cylinder 13 is provided with a first insertion hole 133, in other embodiments, the first notch portion 121 may be provided with the first insertion hole 133, and the limiting cylinder 13 is provided with the first protrusion 122, which may be selectively provided according to actual needs, and is not limited herein. Further, the moving member 4 is inserted into the limiting cylinder 13, and the deformation portion 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 13, as shown in fig. 3, when the backlight module is in the normal temperature state, the deformation portion 41 is in the corrugated state, and the abutting plate 42 is located in the limiting cylinder 13, as shown in fig. 4, when the backlight module is in the high temperature state, the deformation portion 41 is deformed into the flat state, and at this time, the abutting plate 42 extends out of the limiting cylinder 13 from one end of the limiting cylinder 13 away from the optical film 2.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the limiting cylinder 13 includes a lower cylinder 131 and an upper cover 132, the first insertion hole 133 is disposed on the lower cylinder 131 and is matched with the first protrusion 122 on the light guide plate 12, the deformation portion 41 of the movable member 4 is connected to the lower cylinder 131, the upper cover 132 is fastened to the lower cylinder 131 to form a cylindrical structure, and the upper cover 132 is detachably connected to the lower cylinder 131. Therefore, when the movable element 4 is mounted on the inner wall of the lower cylinder 131, the upper cover 132 can be opened first, and after the movable element 4 is mounted, the upper cover 132 and the lower cylinder 131 are fixed, so that the operation is more convenient. In this embodiment, the lower cylinder 131 and the upper cap 132 are substantially u-shaped, and the corresponding positions of the sidewall of the lower cylinder 131 and the sidewall of the upper cap 132 are provided with a locking structure, so as to detachably connect the lower cylinder 131 and the upper cap 132. Specifically, the lower cylinder 131 is provided with a buckle 134 along one end in the Y direction, and the other end is provided with a buckle hole 135, so that the corresponding upper cover 132 is provided with the buckle hole 135 along one end in the Y direction, and the other end is provided with the buckle 134, and the buckle 134 is matched with the corresponding buckle hole 135. In other embodiments, the lower cylinder 131 and the upper cover 132 may be connected by screws or other detachable methods, which are not limited herein. Further, the deformation portion 41 may be fixed to the lower barrel 131 by gluing, welding, or the like, and may be flexibly selected according to factors such as the material of the limiting barrel 13.

Preferably, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the matching state of the guide 15, the elastic member 3 and the connecting member 5 provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 7, the fixing assembly 1 further includes the guide 15, the guide 15 is connected to the back plate 11, the guide 15 is provided with a guide slot 153 extending along the X direction, the elastic member 3 is disposed in the guide slot 153 and connected to the guide 15, and the end of the optical film 2 extends into the guide slot 153 and can slide along the guide slot 153. The guide groove 153 limits the optical diaphragm 2 along the Z direction on one hand, so that the optical diaphragm 2 is prevented from moving along the Z direction due to insufficient clamping force of the elastic element 3 and the moving element 4, and the installation reliability of the optical diaphragm 2 is improved; on the other hand, the guide groove 153 functions to limit the deformation direction of the elastic member 3. In this embodiment, the backlight assembly includes a plurality of elastic members 3, and a plurality of elastic members 3 are arranged along the Y direction at intervals, so that the stress on the optical film 2 is balanced along the Y direction at different positions, and the stability of supporting the optical film 2 is ensured.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 7, a gap is formed between an end surface of the light guide plate 12 close to the elastic element 3 and the end plate 112 of the back plate 11, the guide element 15 includes a body 151 and an insertion portion 152, the guide groove 153 is opened on the body 151, the insertion portion 152 is connected with the body 151 and is limited in the gap, one of the end plate 112 and the insertion portion 152 is provided with a second protrusion 113, the other is provided with a second insertion hole 154, and the second protrusion 113 is inserted into the second insertion hole 154. The inserting part 152 is inserted into the gap to perform the preliminary limiting function along the X direction on the guide piece 15, and the matching of the second protrusion 113 and the second inserting hole 154 ensures that the position of the guide piece 15 is completely locked, so that the structure is simple and the positioning is accurate. In this embodiment, the second protrusion 113 is disposed on the end plate 112, and the second insertion hole 154 is disposed on the insertion part 152, but in other embodiments, the second protrusion 113 may be disposed on the insertion part 152, and the second insertion hole 154 is disposed on the end plate 112, which is not limited herein. Further, the middle plate 14 is pressed on one side of the guide 15 departing from the back plate 11, so that the guide 15 can be further limited, and the reliability of the position of the guide 15 is ensured. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, a second notch portion is formed at one end of the backlight plate close to the elastic member 3, and the guide member 15 is partially received in the second notch portion, so that the lower surface of the guide groove 153 is flush with the upper surface of the light guide plate 12, and the one end of the optical film 2 close to the elastic member 3 does not tilt after extending into the guide groove 153.

Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, there are variations on the specific embodiments and the application scope according to the idea of the present invention, and the content of the description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A backlight module, comprising:

the fixing assembly (1) comprises a back plate (11) and a light guide plate (12), wherein the light guide plate (12) is fixed on the back plate (11);

an optical film (2) disposed on the light guide plate (12);

the two ends of the elastic piece (3) are respectively connected with one end of the optical membrane (2) along the X direction and the fixed component (1);

one end of the movable piece (4) is connected with the fixed component (1), the other end of the movable piece is a free end, the optical film (2) is abutted against the other end in the X direction, and the movable piece (4) can deform in the X direction along with the change of temperature, so that the free end can be far away from or close to the elastic piece (3).

2. A backlight module according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable member (4) is made of a memory metal, the memory metal being a nickel-titanium alloy or a copper-based shape memory alloy or an iron-based shape memory alloy.

3. A backlight module as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said movable member (4) comprises:

a deformation part (41) having a corrugated structure along the X direction, wherein one end of the deformation part (41) is connected with the light guide plate (12);

and the abutting plate (42) is perpendicular to the X direction and is connected with the other end of the deformation part (41), and the end face, perpendicular to the X direction, of the optical diaphragm (2) abuts against the abutting plate (42).

4. A backlight module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing member (1) further comprises a limiting cylinder (13) connected to the light guide plate (12), the axial direction of the limiting cylinder (13) is parallel to the X direction, and one end of the optical film (2) abutting against the movable member (4) extends into the limiting cylinder (13) and can slide along the limiting cylinder (13).

5. The backlight module according to claim 4, wherein one end of the light guide plate (12) close to the movable member (4) is provided with a first notch portion (121), the limiting cylinder (13) is partially received in the first notch portion (121), one of the first notch portion (121) and the limiting cylinder (13) is provided with a first protrusion (122), and the other one is provided with a first insertion hole (133), and the first protrusion (122) is inserted into the first insertion hole (133);

the fixing assembly (1) further comprises a middle plate (14), wherein the middle plate (14) is connected with the back plate (11) and presses the limiting cylinder (13) onto the light guide plate (12).

6. A backlight module according to claim 4, characterized in that the position-limiting cylinder (13) comprises:

the lower cylinder (131) is connected with the light guide plate (12), and one end of the movable piece (4) is connected with the lower cylinder (131);

the upper cover (132) is buckled with the lower barrel body (131) to form a cylindrical structure, and the upper cover (132) is detachably connected with the lower barrel body (131).

7. A backlight module according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the fixing assembly (1) further comprises a guide member (15), the guide member (15) is connected to the back plate (11), the guide member (15) is provided with a guide groove (153) extending in the X-direction, the elastic member (3) is arranged in the guide groove (153) and connected to the guide member (15), and the end of the optical film (2) extends into the guide groove (153) and can slide along the guide groove (153).

8. The backlight module according to claim 7, wherein the back plate (11) comprises a bottom plate (111) and an end plate (112), the light guide plate (12) is fixed on the bottom plate (111), a gap is formed between an end surface of the light guide plate (12) close to the elastic member (3) and the end plate (112), the guide member (15) comprises a body portion (151) and a plug portion (152), the guide groove (153) is opened on the body portion (151), and the plug portion (152) is connected with the body portion (151) and is limited in the gap;

one of the end plate (112) and the insertion part (152) is provided with a second protrusion (113), the other one of the end plate and the insertion part is provided with a second insertion hole (154), and the second protrusion (113) is inserted into the second insertion hole (154).

9. The backlight module according to claim 7, further comprising a connecting member (5), wherein the connecting member (5) is disposed in the guide groove (153), and one side of the connecting member (5) is connected to an end surface of the optical film (2) adjacent to the elastic member (3) and the other side is connected to the elastic member (3).

10. A liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal display panel and the backlight module of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the liquid crystal display panel is connected to the backlight module.

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