CN215103591U - Hydrochloric acid electrolyzer by ion-exchange membrane method - Google Patents
Hydrochloric acid electrolyzer by ion-exchange membrane method Download PDFInfo
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- CN215103591U CN215103591U CN202121368072.3U CN202121368072U CN215103591U CN 215103591 U CN215103591 U CN 215103591U CN 202121368072 U CN202121368072 U CN 202121368072U CN 215103591 U CN215103591 U CN 215103591U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ionic membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis unit, including a plurality of multipole formula ionic membrane electrolysis cell units, cathode cycle system and the positive pole circulation system that set up side by side, every multipole formula ionic membrane electrolysis cell unit includes cathode chamber (1) and anode chamber (2) respectively, is provided with ion exchange membrane (3) between cathode chamber (1) and anode chamber (2), cathode (4) in the cathode chamber and positive pole (5) in the anode chamber adopt metal material to make respectively, cathode cycle system is including cathode chamber cloth liquid pipe (6) that are located lower part in cathode chamber (1), is equipped with a plurality of liquid holes on the pipe wall of cathode chamber cloth liquid pipe (6), and the inlet of cathode chamber cloth liquid pipe (6) communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber fluid infusion pipe (7). The ion membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis device has the advantages of low energy consumption and good hydrochloric acid corrosion resistance, and realizes stable and efficient resource utilization of hydrochloric acid on the premise of ensuring the high-purity quality of chlorine and hydrogen.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hydrochloric acid electrolysis field, concretely relates to hydrochloric acid resource utilization's ionic membrane method hydrochloric acid electrolytic device.
Background
Chlorine is an important chemical raw material, and the proportion of products produced by taking chlorine as a raw material in chemical products is large. During the use of chlorine, a large amount of hydrochloric acid, a byproduct, is also produced while obtaining a chlorine product. The hydrochloric acid has strong corrosivity, so if the hydrochloric acid is not properly treated, not only can the resources be wasted and the economic benefit of an enterprise be reduced, but also the environment can be seriously influenced. According to statistics, the byproduct hydrochloric acid is about 2000 million tons every year in China, an electrolysis method is adopted, and an electrolysis device is used for carrying out harmless treatment on the byproduct hydrochloric acid, so that resource recycling can be realized, the problem of hydrochloric acid treatment is solved, the risk in chlorine transportation is eliminated, and green and environment-friendly production is realized.
The currently adopted hydrochloric acid electrolysis methods include diaphragm hydrochloric acid electrolysis process technology and depolarized oxygen cathode hydrochloric acid electrolysis process technology developed by Bayer corporation. The cathode and anode materials of the diaphragm method are graphite, the diaphragm adopts PVC or PVDF, and the defects of high electrolysis energy consumption, low chlorine purity, changeability of a non-metal tank body, short service life of the electrode and the like exist in the electrolysis process. The manufacturing cost of the electrode of the depolarized oxygen cathode technology is very high, the service life of the electrode is short, and the electrode replacement investment is very large.
The currently adopted hydrochloric acid electrolysis methods include diaphragm hydrochloric acid electrolysis process technology and depolarized oxygen cathode hydrochloric acid electrolysis process technology developed by Bayer corporation. Wherein the oxygen-depolarised cathode technology developed by Bayer comprises an electric cell consisting of an anode region containing an anode, a cathode region containing an oxygen-consuming cathode, and a cation-exchange membrane, wherein during electrolysis, hydrochloric acid water solution is introduced into the anode region, oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the cathode region, O2Reacts with H + diffused from the cation exchange membrane to produce water. Excess oxygen-containing gas and water are discharged from different outlets via a regulator, and Cl produced2Discharging through a regulator.
However, the prior art has the defects of high electrolysis energy consumption and low chlorine purity in the electrolysis process.
The utility model discloses combine ionic membrane electrolysis trough and electrode production research and development technique for a plurality of years, develop safe, high-efficient, longe-lived ionic membrane method hydrochloric acid electrolysis process units.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an energy consumption is low, hydrochloric acid corrosion resistance is good, under the high-purity quality prerequisite of guaranteeing chlorine, hydrogen, realizes stable, the high-efficient utilization of resources of hydrochloric acid, ion membrane method hydrochloric acid electrolytic device that can be safe, efficient large-scale production.
The utility model discloses an ion membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis device, including a plurality of multipole formula ion membrane electrolysis cell units, cathode cycle system and the positive pole circulation system that set up side by side, every multipole formula ion membrane electrolysis cell unit includes cathode chamber and anode chamber respectively, be provided with ion exchange membrane between cathode chamber and the anode chamber, negative pole in the cathode chamber and positive pole in the anode chamber adopt metal material to make respectively, cathode cycle system includes the cathode chamber liquid distribution pipe that is located the indoor lower part of cathode chamber, is equipped with a plurality of liquid holes on the pipe wall of cathode chamber liquid distribution pipe, and the inlet of cathode chamber liquid distribution pipe communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber fluid infusion pipe, and the inlet of cathode chamber fluid infusion pipe communicates with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber fluid ring jar, and the inlet of cathode chamber fluid infusion pipe communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber fluid return pipe, and the liquid outlet of cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device communicate with each other, the gas-liquid separation device of the cathode chamber is positioned at the upper part of the cathode chamber, the middle part of a liquid return pipe of the cathode chamber is connected in series with a liquid return heat exchanger of the cathode chamber for regulating and controlling the temperature, the upper part of the gas-liquid separation device of the cathode chamber is provided with a hydrogen gas outlet, the hydrogen gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation device of the cathode chamber is communicated with a hydrogen gas collecting and processing device through a pipeline, and a cathode liquid circulating pump is connected in series on a liquid replenishing pipe of the cathode chamber or the liquid return pipe of the cathode chamber;
the anode circulating system comprises an anode chamber liquid distribution pipe positioned at the lower part in an anode chamber, a plurality of liquid outlet holes are formed in the pipe wall of the anode chamber liquid distribution pipe, a liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid distribution pipe is communicated with a liquid outlet of an anode chamber liquid supplementing pipe, a liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid supplementing pipe is communicated with a liquid outlet of an anode chamber liquid return pipe, a liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid return pipe is communicated with a liquid outlet of an anode chamber gas-liquid separation device, the anode chamber gas-liquid separation device is positioned at the upper part of the anode chamber, an anode chamber liquid return heat exchanger for regulating and controlling temperature is connected in series with the middle of the anode chamber liquid return pipe, a chlorine gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the anode chamber gas-liquid separation device, the chlorine gas outlet of the anode chamber gas-liquid separation device is communicated with a chlorine gas collecting and processing device through a pipeline, and an anode liquid circulating pump is connected in series on the anode chamber liquid supplementing pipe or the anode chamber liquid return pipe.
Preferably, a catholyte hydrochloric acid concentration analyzer is arranged on the cathode chamber liquid supplementing pipe, and an anolyte hydrochloric acid concentration analyzer is arranged on the anode chamber liquid supplementing pipe.
Preferably, the anode chamber is made of titanium or titanium palladium alloy material, and the cathode chamber is made of any one of 904L duplex stainless steel, titanium palladium alloy, B2/B3/C-276 Hastelloy, zirconium or zirconium alloy metal.
Preferably, the cathode chamber liquid ring tank and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe are communicated with a high-purity hydrochloric acid storage tank through a pipeline which is connected with a cathode chamber hydrochloric acid replenishing pump in series, the cathode chamber liquid ring tank and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe are respectively communicated with a deionized water source through pipelines, the cathode chamber liquid ring tank and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe are respectively communicated with a catalyst adding device through pipelines, and the anode chamber liquid ring tank and/or the anode chamber liquid return pipe are communicated with the high-purity hydrochloric acid storage tank through a pipeline which is connected with an anode chamber hydrochloric acid replenishing pump in series.
Preferably, the catalyst in the catalyst addition device is a ruthenium metal salt, a platinum metal salt or a palladium metal salt.
Preferably, a plurality of circulation plates are obliquely arranged in the anode chamber from top to bottom.
Preferably, the upper part of the cathode chamber is provided with a flow guide structure.
The utility model discloses an ionic membrane method hydrochloric acid electrolytic device has adopted a plurality of the utility model discloses distinctive technical characteristics specifically include be provided with ion exchange membrane between cathode chamber and the anode chamber, the inlet of cathode chamber moisturizing pipe communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber liquid ring jar, the inlet of cathode chamber liquid ring jar communicates with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber liquid return pipe, the inlet of cathode chamber liquid return pipe communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device, cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device is located the upper portion of cathode chamber, the middle part of cathode chamber liquid return pipe is established ties and is had the cathode chamber liquid return heat exchanger that is used for regulating and control the temperature, cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device's upper portion is equipped with the hydrogen discharge port, cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device's hydrogen discharge port passes through the pipeline and communicates with each other with hydrogen collection processing apparatus, cathode chamber liquid return pipe is gone up or cathode chamber liquid return pipe is established ties and is had the cathode liquid circulating pump; the liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid supplementing pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet of the anode chamber liquid ring tank, the liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid ring tank is communicated with the liquid outlet of the anode chamber liquid return pipe, the middle part of the anode chamber liquid return pipe is connected in series with an anode chamber liquid return heat exchanger for regulating and controlling temperature, and an anode liquid circulating pump is connected in series on the anode chamber liquid supplementing pipe or the anode chamber liquid return pipe. Owing to have more than the utility model discloses distinctive technical characteristic lets from this the utility model has the characteristics of the energy consumption is low, hydrochloric acid resistance corrosivity is good, under the high-purity quality prerequisite of guaranteeing chlorine, hydrogen, realizes stable, the high-efficient utilization of resources of hydrochloric acid, can be safe, efficient large-scale production. Therefore, the ion membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis device of the utility model has outstanding substantive features and remarkable progress compared with the prior art undoubtedly.
The following description will further describe embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ion membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a bipolar type ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer unit of the hydrochloric acid electrolyzer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the hydrochloric acid electrolyzer with ionic membrane method of the present invention comprises a plurality of bipolar ionic membrane electrolytic cell units arranged in parallel, a cathode circulation system and an anode circulation system, wherein each bipolar ionic membrane electrolytic cell unit comprises a cathode chamber 1 and an anode chamber 2, an ion exchange membrane 3 is arranged between the cathode chamber 1 and the anode chamber 2, a cathode 4 in the cathode chamber and an anode 5 in the anode chamber are made of metal materials, the cathode circulation system comprises a cathode chamber liquid distribution pipe 6 located at the lower part in the cathode chamber 1, a plurality of liquid outlet holes are arranged on the pipe wall of the cathode chamber liquid distribution pipe 6, a liquid inlet of the cathode chamber liquid distribution pipe 6 is communicated with a liquid outlet of a cathode chamber liquid supplement pipe 7, a liquid inlet of the cathode chamber liquid supplement pipe 7 is communicated with a liquid outlet of a cathode chamber liquid ring tank 8, a liquid inlet of the cathode chamber liquid ring tank 8 is communicated with a liquid outlet of a cathode chamber liquid return pipe 9, a liquid inlet of a cathode chamber liquid return pipe 9 is communicated with a liquid outlet of a cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device 14, the cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device 14 is positioned at the upper part of a cathode chamber 1, the middle part of the cathode chamber liquid return pipe 9 is connected in series with a cathode chamber liquid return heat exchanger 10 for regulating and controlling the temperature, the cathode chamber liquid return heat exchanger 10 is used for realizing the monitoring and automatic control of the temperature of the cathode electrolyte through steam heating or circulating water cooling, the upper part of the cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device 14 is provided with a hydrogen gas outlet, the hydrogen gas outlet of the cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device 14 is communicated with a hydrogen gas collecting and processing device 12 through a pipeline, and a cathode liquid circulating pump 13 is connected in series on a cathode chamber liquid supplementing pipe 7 or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe 9;
the ion exchange membrane 3 can effectively prevent the electrolyte of the negative electrode and the anode from passing through while meeting the requirement of ion migration, and simultaneously ensures the purity of the gas produced by electrolysis.
The bipolar type ion membrane electrolytic cell unit can electrolyze hydrochloric acid to generate chlorine and hydrogen, and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is reduced. The design current density of the multipole type ionic membrane electrolytic cell unit is 3-8 KA/square meter, the operating current density is 3-7 KA/square meter, the purity of the generated chlorine is more than or equal to 98.0 percent, and the purity of the hydrogen is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The anode circulating system comprises an anode chamber liquid distribution pipe 26 positioned at the inner lower part of an anode chamber 2, the pipe wall of the anode chamber liquid distribution pipe 26 is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes, a liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid distribution pipe 26 is communicated with a liquid outlet of an anode chamber liquid supplementing pipe 27, a liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid supplementing pipe 27 is communicated with a liquid outlet of an anode chamber liquid ring tank 28, a liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid ring tank 28 is communicated with a liquid outlet of an anode chamber liquid return pipe 29, a liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid return pipe 29 is communicated with a liquid outlet of an anode chamber gas-liquid separating device 15, the anode chamber gas-liquid separating device 15 is positioned at the upper part of the anode chamber 2, the middle part of the anode chamber liquid return pipe 29 is connected in series with an anode chamber liquid return heat exchanger 20 for regulating and controlling the temperature, the anode electrolyte temperature is monitored and automatically controlled by utilizing the anode chamber liquid return heat exchanger 20 through steam heating or circulating water cooling, the upper part of the anode chamber gas-liquid separating device 15 is provided with a chlorine gas outlet, the chlorine gas discharge port of the anode chamber gas-liquid separation device 15 is communicated with the chlorine gas collection and treatment device 22 through a pipeline, and an anode liquid circulating pump 23 is connected in series on the anode chamber liquid replenishing pipe 27 or the anode chamber liquid return pipe 29.
The chlorine gas collection and treatment device 22 includes an anode gas water washing scrubber, and the hydrogen gas collection and treatment device 12 includes a cathode gas alkali washing scrubber.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the cathode chamber liquid replenishing pipe 7 is provided with a catholyte hydrochloric acid concentration analyzer 11, and the anode chamber liquid replenishing pipe 27 is provided with an anolyte hydrochloric acid concentration analyzer 21.
As a further improvement of the utility model, the anode chamber 2 is made of titanium or titanium palladium alloy, and the cathode chamber 1 is made of any one of 904L duplex stainless steel, titanium palladium alloy, B2/B3/C-276 hastelloy and zirconium or zirconium alloy. A further preferred Hastelloy grade is B3, and a preferred duplex stainless steel grade is 904L. By using the metal material, the cathode chamber 1 and the anode chamber 2 can have small structural deformation, the polar distance between the electrodes is controllable, the material can resist the corrosion of hydrochloric acid, and the cathode chamber 1 and the anode chamber 2 have longer service life.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the cathode chamber liquid ring tank 8 and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe 9 are communicated with the high purity hydrochloric acid storage tank 31 through a pipeline connected in series with the cathode chamber hydrochloric acid replenishing pump 30, the cathode chamber liquid ring tank 8 and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe 9 are communicated with the deionized water source through a pipeline, the cathode chamber liquid ring tank 8 and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe 9 are communicated with the catalyst adding device through a pipeline, and the catalyst adding device can add the catalyst into the cathode system periodically. The anode chamber liquid ring tank 28 and/or the anode chamber liquid return pipe 29 are communicated with a high-purity hydrochloric acid storage tank through a pipeline which is connected with an anode chamber hydrochloric acid supplement pump 32 in series.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the catalyst in the catalyst adding device is a ruthenium metal salt, a platinum metal salt or a palladium metal salt which helps to further reduce the voltage of the electrolytic bath and can increase the catalytic activity and the service life of the electrode. The catalyst addition device may periodically add catalyst to the cathode system.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of circulation plates 33 are provided in the anode chamber 2 in an inclined manner from the top down. The circulation plate 33 can increase the circulation amount inside the anode chamber, so that the electrolyte concentration in the anode chamber 2 is more uniform, the temperature deviation is smaller, and the consistency of the reaction environment is better.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper portion of the cathode chamber 1 is provided with the diversion structure 34, the retention time of the diversion structure 34 in the upper space of the cathode chamber 1 can be reduced, and the catholyte can be retained to cause the cathodic corrosion to the gap of the upper structure of the cathode chamber 1.
The utility model discloses an ionic membrane method hydrochloric acid electrolytic device lets high concentration hydrochloric acid get into high purity hydrochloric acid piggy bank 31 when using, and hydrochloric acid reentries anode chamber liquid ring jar 28 among the high purity hydrochloric acid piggy bank 31, is configured into lower concentration hydrochloric acid solution in anode chamber liquid ring jar 28, then with anolyte circulating pump 23 via anode chamber fluid infusion pipe 27, anode chamber cloth liquid pipe 26 squeeze into in anode chamber 2 to keep anolyte at anode chamber 2 inner loop volume.
The hydrochloric acid is electrolyzed in the anode chamber to generate chlorine, the concentration of HCl is reduced at the same time, the mixture of the chlorine and the dilute hydrochloric acid generated after electrolysis is discharged into an anode chamber gas-liquid separation device 15 through a hose, the chlorine and the hydrochloric acid solution are separated in the anode chamber gas-liquid separation device 15, the hydrochloric acid solution exchanges heat through an anode chamber liquid return pipe 29 and an anode chamber liquid return heat exchanger 20, the temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is controlled between 40 ℃ and 60 ℃, high-concentration hydrochloric acid from a high-purity hydrochloric acid storage tank 31 is added to the pipeline, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the anode chamber liquid return pipe 29 is increased through adding higher concentrated hydrochloric acid, the hydrochloric acid solution participates in the electrolytic reaction again, and the redundant dilute hydrochloric acid can be sent out.
Chlorine is collected in the chlorine main pipe and then is sent out of a boundary area, the pressure of the chlorine is detected in real time by a pressure difference transmitter arranged on the chlorine main pipe, the pressure is controlled by an automatic regulating valve, and the control range of the pressure of the chlorine is 2-24 KPa.
Meanwhile, hydrochloric acid in a high-purity hydrochloric acid storage tank 31 is introduced into the cathode chamber liquid ring tank 8, a hydrochloric acid solution with a relatively low concentration is arranged in the cathode chamber liquid ring tank 8, and then the hydrochloric acid solution is pumped into the cathode chamber 1 by a catholyte circulating pump 13 through a cathode chamber liquid replenishing pipe 7 and a cathode chamber liquid distributing pipe 6, so as to maintain the circulating amount of the catholyte in the cathode chamber 1.
After electrolysis, hydrogen gas is generated in the cathode chamber 1, and the mixture of the hydrogen gas and the hydrochloric acid is discharged to the cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device 14 through the hose and separated into hydrogen gas and hydrochloric acid solution in the cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device 14. The separated hydrochloric acid solution is subjected to heat exchange through a cathode chamber liquid return pipe 9 and a cathode chamber liquid return heat exchanger 10, so that the temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is controlled to be between 35 and 60 ℃, high-concentration hydrochloric acid from a high-purity hydrochloric acid storage tank 31 is added to the pipeline, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in an anode chamber liquid return pipe 29 is increased by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, the hydrochloric acid participates in the electrolytic reaction again, and redundant dilute hydrochloric acid can also be sent out.
The hydrogen is collected in the hydrogen main pipeline and sent to the top of the catholyte circulating tank. Here, the moisture in the hydrogen gas is separated and dropped. Then, the hydrogen gas is sent to an alkaline washing process, the pressure of the hydrogen gas is detected in real time by a differential pressure transmitter arranged on a hydrogen main pipeline, the pressure is controlled by an automatic regulating valve, and the hydrogen gas pressure control range is below 22 Kpa.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the hydrochloric acid of the anolyte is subjected to heat exchange, and then the temperature of the tank is 55 ℃ and the concentration is 15%; the hydrochloric acid of the catholyte exchanges heat and enters the tank at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the concentration of 8 percent; the operating current density is 4-5 KA/square meter. After 90 days of continuous operation the following process data were obtained as shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
Claims (7)
1. Hydrochloric acid electrolysis unit of ionic membrane process, including a plurality of multipole formula ionic membrane electrolysis cell units, cathode cycle system and the positive pole circulation system that set up side by side, every multipole formula ionic membrane electrolysis cell unit includes cathode chamber (1) and anode chamber (2) respectively, its characterized in that: be provided with ion exchange membrane (3) between cathode chamber (1) and anode chamber (2), negative pole (4) in the cathode chamber and positive pole (5) in the anode chamber adopt metal material to make respectively, cathode circulation system is including being located cathode chamber cloth liquid pipe (6) of cathode chamber (1) lower part, is equipped with a plurality of liquid holes on the pipe wall of cathode chamber cloth liquid pipe (6), and the inlet of cathode chamber cloth liquid pipe (6) communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber liquid replenishing pipe (7), and the inlet of cathode chamber liquid replenishing pipe (7) communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber liquid ring jar (8), and the inlet of cathode chamber liquid ring jar (8) communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber liquid return pipe (9), and the inlet of cathode chamber liquid return pipe (9) communicates with each other with the liquid outlet of cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device (14), and cathode chamber gas-liquid separation device (14) are located the upper portion of cathode chamber (1), the middle part of a liquid return pipe (9) of the cathode chamber is connected in series with a liquid return heat exchanger (10) of the cathode chamber for regulating and controlling the temperature, the upper part of a gas-liquid separation device (14) of the cathode chamber is provided with a hydrogen discharge port, the hydrogen discharge port of the gas-liquid separation device (14) of the cathode chamber is communicated with a hydrogen collecting and processing device (12) through a pipeline, and a catholyte circulating pump (13) is connected in series on a liquid replenishing pipe (7) of the cathode chamber or the liquid return pipe (9) of the cathode chamber;
the anode circulating system comprises an anode chamber liquid distribution pipe (26) positioned at the inner lower part of an anode chamber (2), the pipe wall of the anode chamber liquid distribution pipe (26) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes, the liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid distribution pipe (26) is communicated with the liquid outlet of an anode chamber liquid replenishing pipe (27), the liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid replenishing pipe (27) is communicated with the liquid outlet of an anode chamber liquid ring tank (28), the liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid ring tank (28) is communicated with the liquid outlet of an anode chamber liquid return pipe (29), the liquid inlet of the anode chamber liquid return pipe (29) is communicated with the liquid outlet of an anode chamber gas-liquid separating device (15), the anode chamber gas-liquid separating device (15) is positioned at the upper part of the anode chamber (2), the middle part of the anode chamber liquid return pipe (29) is connected in series with an anode chamber liquid return heat exchanger (20) for regulating and controlling the temperature, the upper part of the anode chamber gas-liquid separating device (15) is provided with a chlorine gas outlet, a chlorine gas discharge port of the anode chamber gas-liquid separation device (15) is communicated with a chlorine gas collection and treatment device (22) through a pipeline, and an anode liquid circulating pump (23) is connected in series on the anode chamber liquid replenishing pipe (27) or the anode chamber liquid return pipe (29).
2. An ion-membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: be equipped with catholyte hydrochloric acid concentration analyzer (11) on cathode chamber fluid infusion pipe (7), be equipped with anolyte hydrochloric acid concentration analyzer (21) on anode chamber fluid infusion pipe (27).
3. An ion-membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the anode chamber (2) is made of titanium or titanium palladium alloy material, and the cathode chamber (1) is made of any one of 904L duplex stainless steel, titanium palladium alloy, B2/B3/C-276 hastelloy, zirconium or zirconium alloy metal.
4. An ion-membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the cathode chamber liquid ring tank (8) and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe (9) are communicated with a high-purity hydrochloric acid storage tank (31) through a pipeline which is connected with a cathode chamber hydrochloric acid replenishing pump (30) in series, the cathode chamber liquid ring tank (8) and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe (9) are respectively communicated with a deionized water source through pipelines, the cathode chamber liquid ring tank (8) and/or the cathode chamber liquid return pipe (9) are respectively communicated with a catalyst adding device through pipelines, and the anode chamber liquid ring tank (28) and/or the anode chamber liquid return pipe (29) are/is communicated with the high-purity hydrochloric acid storage tank through a pipeline which is connected with an anode chamber hydrochloric acid replenishing pump (32) in series.
5. An ion-membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the catalyst in the catalyst adding device is ruthenium metal salt, platinum metal salt or palladium metal salt.
6. An ion-membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: a plurality of circulating plates (33) are obliquely arranged in the anode chamber (2) from top to bottom.
7. An ion-membrane hydrochloric acid electrolysis apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: the upper part of the cathode chamber (1) is provided with a flow guide structure (34).
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