CN215097227U - Composite board, refrigerator car carriage, cold-stored warehouse and refrigerated container - Google Patents
Composite board, refrigerator car carriage, cold-stored warehouse and refrigerated container Download PDFInfo
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- CN215097227U CN215097227U CN202120392270.7U CN202120392270U CN215097227U CN 215097227 U CN215097227 U CN 215097227U CN 202120392270 U CN202120392270 U CN 202120392270U CN 215097227 U CN215097227 U CN 215097227U
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 180
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011199 continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a composite board field provides a composite board and use this composite board's refrigerator car carriage, cold-stored warehouse and refrigerated container. The composite board comprises a vacuum insulation board, a heat insulation layer and a skin, wherein the heat insulation layer covers at least one side surface of the vacuum insulation board, and the skin is attached to the heat insulation layer and is positioned on one side, far away from the vacuum insulation board, of the heat insulation layer. The composite board can give consideration to the strength, the heat insulation performance and the surface density of the composite board.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a composite board field, concretely relates to composite board and use this composite board's refrigerator car carriage, cold-stored warehouse, refrigerated container.
Background
In order to improve heat insulation or cold insulation performance, many heat insulation or cold insulation devices, such as a carriage of a refrigerator car, a wall surface of a refrigerated warehouse, a refrigerator, and the like, need to be made of a composite sheet material having excellent heat insulation performance.
In the prior art, a composite board for a heat preservation or cold insulation device is generally manufactured by wrapping an extruded or foamed board with a skin, in order to meet the requirement of heat insulation performance, the thickness of the extruded or foamed board generally needs to be increased, and the increase of the thickness causes the increase of the overall weight and volume of the composite board, so that not only is the transportation difficult, but also the storage space of the heat preservation or cold insulation device (such as a carriage, a warehouse or a refrigerator) is occupied. In addition, a heat insulating layer formed by extrusion or foaming is generally made of a polymer material having excellent processability but a soft texture, and is likely to be damaged or cracked when exposed to a daily use environment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To above problem, the utility model provides a composite board can compromise composite board's intensity, thermal insulation performance and density of kneading dough.
This composite board includes: the vacuum insulation panel comprises a vacuum insulation panel, a heat insulation layer covering at least one side surface of the vacuum insulation panel and a skin, wherein the skin is attached to the heat insulation layer and is positioned on one side, far away from the vacuum insulation panel, of the heat insulation layer. According to the technical scheme, the composite board uses the vacuum insulation board as the core material, the vacuum insulation board has an extremely low heat transfer coefficient, the heat insulation performance of the composite board can be greatly improved, the heat insulation layer can provide physical buffering with a certain margin for the vacuum insulation board, and the vacuum insulation board is prevented from being damaged in the transportation process.
According to the utility model discloses a better technical scheme, the insulating layer has two-layerly, and two-layer insulating layer is attached in vacuum insulation panels's both sides respectively. The position of the vacuum insulation panel embedded in the heat insulation layer can be stably maintained, and the vacuum insulation panel is prevented from being damaged in the transportation process. In addition, the structure of the double-layer heat insulation layer is suitable for more diversified use scenes, and the front side and the back side do not need to be distinguished basically during processing and use. Furthermore, the use of the vacuum insulation panel can greatly reduce the thickness of the insulation layer required for achieving the same insulation performance, thereby reducing the surface density requirement of the composite board for achieving the same insulation performance.
According to the utility model discloses a better technical scheme, the covering has two-layerly, and two-layer covering is attached in the both sides of two-layer insulating layer respectively. The composite panel with the structure is of a basically symmetrical sandwich structure, the vacuum insulation panel with relatively low central strength is obviously protected in the transportation process, and due to the basically symmetrical sandwich structure, the front side and the back side are not required to be distinguished basically in processing and using, so that the composite panel is more convenient to process and use.
According to the utility model discloses a better technical scheme, the insulating layer is the insulating layer of individual layer, sets up in one side of vacuum insulation panels. The single-layer heat insulation layer structure does not cause overlarge stress action on the vacuum heat insulation plate during processing, and the reliability of the vacuum heat insulation plate during processing can be effectively improved.
According to the utility model discloses a better technical scheme, the covering has two-layerly, and wherein attached in the insulating layer of one deck covering, attached in vacuum insulation panels in another layer covering. The double-layer skin can protect the vacuum insulation board and the heat insulation layer, and the surfaces of the vacuum insulation board and the heat insulation layer are prevented from being scratched or damaged by impact.
According to the preferred technical proposal of the utility model, the thickness of the composite board is 20-50 mm. The composite board is not too thick or too thin, the too thick composite board can cause too large weight, is not beneficial to transportation and can occupy storage space, and the heat insulation performance of the too thin composite board is difficult to ensure or the structural strength is difficult to meet the requirement. By adopting the composite board within the thickness range, the performance requirements can be further effectively met.
According to the preferred technical proposal of the utility model, the thickness of the vacuum heat insulation plate is 5-10 mm. The vacuum insulation panel with the thickness within the range can conveniently provide a scheme which can simultaneously meet the requirements.
According to the preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the thickness of the covering is 1-2 mm. The thickness of the skin is not suitable for being too thick or too thin, the weight of the excessively thick skin is large, the toughness is poor, the excessively thin skin is not convenient to form powerful protection on the heat insulation layer or the vacuum heat insulation plate, and the skin with the thickness of 1-2mm can effectively meet the requirements.
According to the utility model discloses a better technical scheme, the covering is iron sheet, fiber reinforced plastics or continuous fibers reinforcing thermoplasticity combined material, and the insulating layer is rock wool board, carbamic acid board, polystyrene board, phenolic aldehyde cystosepiment, polyurethane board or glass fiber board. Preferably, the skin is made of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material, the heat insulation layer is made of a polyurethane plate, the skin and the heat insulation layer formed by the preferred materials can meet the performance requirements corresponding to each layer, and interfaces among the skin, the heat insulation layer and the vacuum heat insulation plate can be conveniently bonded and fixed due to similar material properties, so that the overall structure is more compact.
According to the utility model discloses a better technical scheme, composite board is refrigerator car carriage or refrigerated container's wall panel. The composite board is suitable for being used as a wall board of a refrigerator car carriage or a refrigerated container, and can meet the requirements on the reliability, the portability and the heat insulation performance of the composite board in the transportation process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite board in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a composite board in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite board in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-vacuum insulation panels; 2-a heat insulation layer; 3-covering
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
[ example 1]
The embodiment provides a composite board applied to a refrigerated vehicle compartment or a refrigerated container, in particular to a composite board used for forming a wall surface of the refrigerated vehicle compartment or the refrigerated container, wherein the wall surface can be a side wall surface, a top wall surface, a bottom wall surface or a base surface. It should be noted that, the above usage scenarios are also only exemplary, and the composite board provided by the present invention may also be applied to any other suitable heat preservation or cold insulation device, such as a panel or a side panel of a refrigerator or a wall material of a cold storage.
In order to meet the requirements of portability, structural strength and thermal insulation performance during transportation, referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a composite panel including: the vacuum insulation panel comprises a vacuum insulation panel 1, a thermal insulation layer 2 and a skin 3, wherein the thermal insulation layer 2 covers one side of the vacuum insulation panel 1 and is tightly attached to the vacuum insulation panel 1, and the skin 3 is arranged on one side, far away from the vacuum insulation panel 1, of the thermal insulation layer 2 and is tightly attached to the thermal insulation layer 2.
Through the mode, the multilayer composite structure formed by the vacuum insulation panel 1, the thermal insulation layer 2 and the skin 3 can effectively meet the requirements of the composite board on strength, thermal insulation performance and surface density. Specifically, the vacuum insulation panel 1 is a material having a low heat transfer coefficient, and is formed by compounding a filling core material and a vacuum protective surface layer, so that heat transfer caused by air convection can be effectively avoided. The vacuum insulation panel 1 is used in the composite board, so that the heat insulation performance of the composite board can be effectively improved. Insulating layer 2 adopts expanded material, has the characteristics of being slim and graceful and adiabatic effectual, because insulating layer 2 adopts macromolecular material to make usually and laminate with vacuum insulation panel 1, can avoid vacuum insulation panel 1 to take place to damage in the transportation for the physical buffering that vacuum insulation panel 1 that intensity is lower relatively provides certain surplus.
[ example 2]
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite board provided in this embodiment. Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the thermal insulation layer 2 has two layers, and the two thermal insulation layers 2 are respectively attached to two sides of the vacuum thermal insulation panel 1. The skin 3 also has two layers, and the two layers of skin 3 are respectively attached to two sides of the two layers of heat insulation layer 2, specifically, the skin 3 located at the upper layer in fig. 2 is attached to the upper side of the heat insulation layer 2 at the upper layer, and the skin 3 located at the lower layer is attached to the lower side of the heat insulation layer 2 at the lower layer.
The embodiment provides a composite board with a sandwich structure, which is formed by wrapping a vacuum insulation panel 1 as a core material, wrapping the vacuum insulation panel 1 with a thermal insulation layer 2 as an intermediate layer, and wrapping the vacuum insulation panel 1 and the thermal insulation layer 2 with a skin 3 as a surface material. Because the vacuum insulation panel 1 is embedded into the insulation layer 2, the insulation layer 2 can stably maintain the position of the vacuum insulation panel 1, and even if the carriage or the container bumps in the transportation process, the vacuum insulation panel 1 can be stably supported, so that the vacuum insulation panel 1 is prevented from being damaged in the transportation process.
In this embodiment, because the sandwich structure is basically symmetrical, that is, the thicknesses of the two thermal insulation layers 2 are basically equal, and the thicknesses of the two skins 3 are also basically equal, the front and the back of the skin do not need to be distinguished basically during processing and use, and the processing and the use are more convenient. Of course, although in the present embodiment, the vacuum insulation panel 1 is located at the center of the two insulation layers 2 in the thickness direction, and the thicknesses of the two insulation layers 2 are substantially equal, the above structure is also only exemplary, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the thicknesses of the two insulation layers 2 can also be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, two insulation layers 2 with different thicknesses are used.
In this embodiment, the use of the vacuum insulation panel 1 can greatly reduce the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 2 required for achieving the same thermal insulation performance, thereby reducing the surface density requirement of the composite board for achieving the same thermal insulation performance. In order to demonstrate the above technical effects, the present example provides a comparison result between the present example and comparative example 1.
The construction of the composite board provided in this example and the thermal conductivity of the materials used in each layer are referred to table 1.
Table 1 construction of composite sheet material of example 2 and test results
Comparative example 1
The comparative example 1 provides a composite board, the composite board is of a double-layer sandwich structure and comprises a glass fiber core material and a skin wrapping glass fibers, and the skin is made of iron sheets. The specific composite sheet construction and thermal conductivity of the materials used for each layer are referenced in table 2.
Table 2 construction of composite panel of prior art comparative example 1 and test results
Improving effect
The composite panel of example 2 was constructed by inserting the vacuum insulation panel 1 between the glass fibers of comparative example 1. Comparing the data in tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the composite plate of the iron plate-glass fiber-iron plate two-layer sandwich structure in comparative example 1 has an overall thickness of 201mm, wherein the glass fiber thermal insulation layer has a thickness of 200 mm; the overall thickness of the composite plate of the three-layer sandwich structure of the iron plate-glass fiber-vacuum insulation plate-glass fiber-iron plate in example 2 was 39mm, and the thickness of the glass fiber thermal insulation layer was 30 mm. The use cost can be reduced by greatly reducing the thickness of the glass fiber heat insulation layer.
In addition, compared with the comparative example 1, the composite board in the example 2 has the advantages that the overall thickness is reduced by 81%, the heat penetration rate is also reduced from 0.2326 to 0.2035, and the heat insulation effect is improved by 12.5%. The reduction of the thickness means the great reduction of the weight and the surface density, thereby effectively improving the heat insulation performance of the composite board and reducing the weight of the composite board in unit area. Moreover, the light and thin composite board can achieve a stronger heat insulation effect, and the requirements on the strength, the heat insulation performance and the surface density of the composite board are effectively considered.
[ example 3]
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite board provided in this embodiment. Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the thermal insulation layer 2 is a single layer and is disposed on one side of the vacuum insulation panel 1. The skin 3 has two layers, wherein one layer of skin 3 is attached to the upper surface of the heat insulation layer 2, and the other layer of skin 3 is attached to the lower surface of the vacuum heat insulation plate 1.
In the embodiment, the single-layer heat insulation layer 2 is attached to one side of the vacuum heat insulation plate 1, and the structure does not cause overlarge stress to the vacuum heat insulation plate 1 when the heat insulation layer 2 is formed by foaming, so that the reliability of the vacuum heat insulation plate 1 in the processing process can be effectively improved. The double-layer skin 3 can effectively protect the vacuum heat insulation plate 1 and the heat insulation layer 2, and the surfaces of the vacuum heat insulation plate 1 and the heat insulation layer 2 are prevented from being scratched or damaged by impact.
In addition, the use of the vacuum insulation panel 1 can greatly reduce the thickness of the insulation layer 2 required to achieve the same insulation performance, thereby reducing the cost and reducing the surface density requirement of the composite panel to achieve the same insulation performance.
The following is a comparison of example 3 with comparative example 2.
The structure of the composite board provided in this embodiment and the thermal conductivity of the material used in each layer are shown in table 3.
Table 3 construction of composite sheet material of example 3 and test results
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a composite board, which is a double-layer sandwich structure and includes a polyurethane core material and a skin including polyurethane, and the skin uses an iron sheet. The specific construction of the composite sheet of comparative example 2 and the thermal conductivity of the materials used for each layer are referenced in table 4.
Table 4 construction of composite panel of comparative example 2 and test results
Improving effect
The construction of the composite panel of example 3 corresponds to the addition of the vacuum insulation panel 1 on the polyurethane insulation side of comparative example 2. As can be seen from a comparison of the data in tables 3 and 4, the composite plate of the iron plate-polyurethane-iron plate two-layer sandwich structure in comparative example 2 has an overall thickness of 101mm, wherein the polyurethane thermal insulation layer has a thickness of 100 mm; the overall thickness of the composite plate constructed by the iron plate, the polyurethane, the vacuum insulation plate and the iron plate in example 3 is 21mm, wherein the thickness of the polyurethane thermal insulation layer is 10mm, and the reduction of the thickness of the polyurethane thermal insulation layer can reduce the material cost of the polyurethane layer.
In addition, compared with the comparative example 2, the composite board in the example 3 has the advantages that the thickness is reduced by 74%, the heat penetration rate is also reduced from 0.2186 to 0.1842, and the heat insulation effect is improved by 15.6%. Therefore, the composite board structure with the vacuum insulation panel 1 effectively improves the heat insulation performance of the composite board, reduces the weight of the composite board in unit area, can achieve a stronger heat insulation effect by using the light and thin composite board, and effectively meets the requirements of the strength, the heat insulation performance and the surface density of the composite board.
In the above examples 1 to 3, the total thickness of the composite sheet was 20 to 50 mm. The total thickness of the composite board is not too thick or too thin, the too thick composite board can cause too large weight, is not beneficial to transportation and can occupy storage space, and the heat insulation performance of the too thin composite board is difficult to ensure or the structural strength is difficult to meet the requirement. By adopting the composite board within the thickness range, the requirements of the composite board on strength, heat insulation performance and surface density can be further effectively met.
In addition, the thickness of the vacuum insulation panel 1 is not too thick or too thin, the cost of the excessively thick vacuum insulation panel 1 is high, the weight of the excessively thin vacuum insulation panel 1 is large, the requirement of the heat insulation performance or the strength of the excessively thin vacuum insulation panel 1 is difficult to meet, and the requirements of the cost, the weight and the heat insulation performance can be met by adopting the vacuum insulation panel 1 with the thickness of 5-10 mm.
The excessively thick skin 3 is heavy and poor in toughness, the excessively thin skin 3 is inconvenient to form powerful protection for a heat insulation layer or a vacuum insulation plate, and the skin 3 with the thickness of 1-2mm can meet the requirements of toughness and protection performance.
In the above embodiment, the skin 3 may be made of iron sheet, fiber reinforced plastic, continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite, or any other suitable material, and the insulation layer 2 may be made of rock wool board, urethane board, polystyrene board, phenolic foam board, polyurethane board, glass fiber board, or any other suitable material.
Preferably, the skin 3 is a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material, the continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material has high tensile strength and impact strength and small surface density, has an obvious weight reduction effect compared with an iron sheet, is good in acid resistance, alkali resistance and elasticity, is not easy to generate plastic deformation, and is environment-friendly and recyclable. In addition, the elastic modulus of the continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material is slightly lower than that of an iron sheet, the deformation amount of the continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material is slightly larger than that of a steel plate under external force, the plate can be immediately restored after the external force is relieved, and the integral bearing performance is superior to that of a composite plate using the iron sheet as the skin 3 by matching with small-distance underframe support. Preferably, the heat insulating layer 2 is a polyurethane plate, which is more excellent in strength, fire resistance, and heat insulating performance. The skin 3 and the heat insulation layer 2 formed by the preferable materials can meet the material performance requirements of each layer, and the interfaces among the skin 3, the heat insulation layer 2 and the vacuum heat insulation plate 1 can be conveniently bonded due to similar material properties, so that the whole structure is more compact.
[ example 4]
This embodiment provides a cold storage warehouse, and the wall of this cold storage warehouse uses the composite board in embodiment 2 to build. Through experiments, when the outdoor environment temperature is 32 ℃ and the temperature in the cold storage warehouse is 5 ℃, the cold storage warehouse built by using the composite board in the embodiment has the advantage that the energy-saving effect is improved by more than 40% compared with the cold storage warehouse built by using common polyurethane boards with the same thickness.
In addition, the composite board provided in examples 1 to 3 is also suitable for use as a material for other heat or cold insulation devices, for example, as a wall panel for a refrigerator car or a refrigerated container, so as to satisfy the requirements of reliability, portability and heat insulation performance of the composite board during transportation. Of course, the above usage scenario is still exemplary, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the composite board may be applied to any other suitable usage scenario, and used as a board for improving thermal insulation performance.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite panel, comprising:
a vacuum insulation panel;
the heat insulation layer covers at least one side surface of the vacuum heat insulation plate; and
the skin is attached to the heat insulation layer and is located on one side, away from the vacuum heat insulation plate, of the heat insulation layer.
2. The composite panel according to claim 1, wherein the insulation layer has two layers, and the two layers of insulation layer are respectively attached to both sides of the vacuum insulation panel.
3. The composite board of claim 2, wherein the skin has two layers, and the two layers of skin are attached to two sides of the two layers of insulation respectively.
4. The composite panel according to claim 1, wherein the insulation layer is a single layer insulation layer disposed on one side of the vacuum insulation panel.
5. The composite panel of claim 4, wherein the skin has two layers, one of the skins being attached to the insulation layer and the other of the skins being attached to the vacuum insulation panel.
6. The composite board of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the composite board has a thickness of 20-50 mm.
7. The composite board according to claim 6, wherein the vacuum insulation panel has a thickness of 5 to 10 mm.
8. A composite board as claimed in claim 6, in which the skin has a thickness of 1 to 2 mm.
9. The composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the skin is a sheet iron, a fiber reinforced plastic or a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite, and the insulation layer is a rock wool board, a urethane board, a polystyrene board, a phenolic foam board, a polyurethane board or a glass fiber board.
10. A refrigerator car body, cold store or cold storage container, wherein the sheet material used for the walls of the refrigerator car body, cold store or cold storage container is a composite sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202120392270.7U CN215097227U (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Composite board, refrigerator car carriage, cold-stored warehouse and refrigerated container |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202120392270.7U CN215097227U (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Composite board, refrigerator car carriage, cold-stored warehouse and refrigerated container |
Publications (1)
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CN215097227U true CN215097227U (en) | 2021-12-10 |
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CN202120392270.7U Expired - Fee Related CN215097227U (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Composite board, refrigerator car carriage, cold-stored warehouse and refrigerated container |
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CN (1) | CN215097227U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-02-22 CN CN202120392270.7U patent/CN215097227U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20211210 |