CN215087609U - Reducing mechanism and grain rubbing crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for an agricultural product processing technology field provides a reducing mechanism, the reducing mechanism includes: a housing, inside which a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged; the knife rest is rotationally arranged in the shell and is connected with the rotating shaft through fan blades and used for forming a conveying airflow and a crushing mechanism; the driving piece is connected with the rotating shaft through the transmission piece and is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; wherein, the shell is communicated with a feed hopper, and at least one end of the shell is provided with a discharge hole. Through knife rest and flabellum cooperation, drive the material and form material particle size distribution in the inside of casing, rotate through the flabellum and accomplish conveying and material distribution and provide power, make full use of hydrodynamics structure, design benefit has improved crushing efficiency and crushing quality. The utility model discloses the advantage: simple structure, good crushing uniformity, high efficiency, energy conservation, good synchronism and convenient popularization and implementation.

Description

Reducing mechanism and grain rubbing crusher

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the agricultural product processing, especially, relate to a reducing mechanism and grain rubbing crusher.

Background

In the existing grain crushing market, most of crushers crush grains by using hammer blades installed on a knife rest rotating at a high speed, and simultaneously screen crushed products by using a screen installed at the outer side to match a certain negative pressure. The target size particles are screened through screens of different sizes. However, most of grain pulverization is used in the feed industry, the fuel ethanol production industry and the alcohol production industry, and although the conventional pulverizer can pulverize grain until the particles reach the expected size, the particle size distribution is not ideal. Most of the particles are too small to be crushed, so that the particles are wrapped by fine powder in the subsequent fermentation process, the fermentation process is slowed down, the fermentation is insufficient, and the efficiency and the yield are greatly reduced. This is because the screen is capable of screening not only particles of the corresponding size, but also finer powders.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a reducing mechanism aims at solving and smashes inhomogeneous problem.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a realize like this, a reducing mechanism, the reducing mechanism includes:

a housing, inside which a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged;

the knife rest is rotationally arranged in the shell and is connected with the rotating shaft through fan blades and used for forming a conveying airflow and a crushing mechanism;

the driving piece is connected with the rotating shaft through the transmission piece and is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate;

wherein, the shell is communicated with a feed hopper, and at least one end of the shell is provided with a discharge hole.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, to need kibbling material to place the inside at the feeder hopper, under the effect of gravity, the inside material of feeder hopper enters into the inside of casing, starts the driving piece, carries out the transmission through the driving medium, and the axis of rotation rotates in the inside of casing to drive the knife rest and do the circumference rotation in the inside of casing, the material enters into the inside of casing, and the flabellum rotates along with axis of rotation and knife rest, thereby produces in the casing and rotates the air current of equidirectional with the axis of rotation. According to the fluid mechanics principle, materials in a shell with strong airflow have different centrifugal forces due to different masses, namely, the larger the mass of a single particle is, the larger the centrifugal force is, the closer the material is to the edge of the crushing chamber; the smaller the mass of the single particles, the closer the mass is to the axis of the rotating shaft, thereby forming a coaxial particle coating layer from small to large particles. Therefore, materials with different particle sizes are distributed on different radiuses in the shell, the cutter rest rotates to crush large-particle materials on the outer layer and quickly redistributes the large-particle materials under the action of vortex formed by the fan blades, and finally the crushed materials are discharged from a discharge hole in the end part of the shell. Through knife rest and flabellum cooperation, it forms material particle size distribution to drive the material in the inside of casing, the knife rest of being convenient for smashes, the make full use of knife rest of being convenient for rotate kinetic energy and with the flabellum cooperation, in time redistribute to the material after smashing, the autonomous distribution ability has been improved, it is not enough with smashing to have avoided smashing, the kibbling even degree has been improved, it provides power to rotate completion conveying and material distribution through the flabellum, make full use of hydrodynamics structure, design benefit, it rotates to drive knife rest and flabellum through a driving piece, make reducing device simple structure, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the synchronism is good.

Another object of the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a grain grinder, include: a crushing apparatus as described above; wherein, the end of the shell is provided with an ash outlet.

Under the air current effect that the flabellum formed, the dust is discharged through the ash outlet to clear up the dust in the grain, improved the cleanliness factor of smashing the back grain. Can set up filter screen or gate etc. on the ash outlet to avoided the discharge of crushing back grain, crushing in-process, grain receives cutting force and produces the vibration, is convenient for grain and the breaking away from of dust, carries out the dust exhaust through wind-force to the dust, makes rubbing crusher simple structure, make full use of wind-force, the energy saving, and the synchronism is good.

The utility model discloses technological effect: original screen cloth screening is banned, and novel aerodynamic mode is used for screening. The continuous consumption and cost increase caused by the screen can be completely avoided, the problem that the screen needs to be stopped and replaced at regular time is solved, and the utilization rate is improved; the particle size distribution of the product can be better and more accurately controlled by screening the crushed product by using aerodynamic force, and almost all particles of the crushed product are between 20 and 40 meshes, so that better conditions can be provided for the next fermentation process, the fermentation efficiency is accelerated, and the yield is improved; as the material is conveyed by aerodynamics and no screen is used to reduce the pressure difference between the inside and the outside, the energy loss in many operations is reduced, the energy-saving effect is achieved, and the power consumption can be reduced by 30 percent through calculation. The utility model discloses the advantage: simple structure, good crushing uniformity, high efficiency, energy conservation, good synchronism and convenient popularization and implementation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded perspective structure of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a left side view schematic structural diagram of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an internal front view structure of a main housing of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an end cap of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a right-side view structure of an end cover in a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic front view of an end cover of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a knife rest of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic right-view structural diagram of a knife rest in a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic front view of a knife rest of a grain grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the drawings: v-shaped belt 1, driven pulley 2, bearing 3, discharge gate 4, end cover 5, axis of rotation 6, knife rest 7, feeder hopper 8, casing 9, flabellum 10, driving pulley 11, motor 12, electro-magnet 13, ash hole 14, quartering hammer 15.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The following detailed description is provided for the specific embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a structure diagram of a crushing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

a housing 9 in which a rotating shaft 6 is rotatably provided;

a knife rest 7 which is rotatably arranged inside the shell 9 and is connected with the rotating shaft 6 through fan blades 10 and is used for forming a conveying airflow and a crushing mechanism;

the driving piece is connected with the rotating shaft 6 through a transmission piece and is used for driving the rotating shaft 6 to rotate;

wherein, the shell 9 is communicated with a feed hopper 8, and at least one end of the shell 9 is provided with a discharge hole 4.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, the inside at feeder hopper 8 is placed to the material that will need to smash, under the effect of gravity, the inside material of feeder hopper 8 enters into casing 9's inside, start the driving piece, carry out the transmission through the driving medium, axis of rotation 6 rotates in casing 9's inside, thereby it is the circumferential rotation to drive knife rest 7 in casing 9's inside, the material enters into casing 9's inside, flabellum 10 rotates along with axis of rotation 6 and knife rest 7, thereby produce in casing 9 and rotate the air current of equidirectional with axis of rotation 6. According to the fluid mechanics principle, the materials in the shell 9 with strong airflow have different centrifugal forces due to different masses, namely, the larger the mass of a single particle is, the larger the centrifugal force is, the closer the material is to the edge of the crushing chamber; the smaller the mass of the single particles, the closer the mass is to the axis of the rotating shaft 6, thereby forming a coaxial particle coating layer from small to large particles. Therefore, materials with different particle sizes are distributed on different radiuses in the shell 9, the knife rest 7 rotates to crush large-particle materials on the outer layer and quickly redistribute the large-particle materials under the action of vortex formed by the fan blades 10, and finally the crushed materials are discharged from the discharge port 4 at the end part of the shell 9. Through knife rest 7 and flabellum 10 cooperation, it forms material particle size distribution to drive the material in the inside of casing 9, be convenient for knife rest 7 smashes, be convenient for make full use of knife rest 7 rotate kinetic energy and cooperate with flabellum 10, in time redistribute the material after smashing, the autonomous distribution ability has been improved, it is excessive and crushing not enough to have avoided smashing, the kibbling even degree has been improved, it provides power to rotate through flabellum 10 and accomplish conveying and material distribution, make full use of hydromechanics structure, design benefit, drive knife rest 7 and flabellum 10 through a driving piece and rotate, make the reducing mechanism simple structure, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the synchronism is good.

The utility model discloses an in the example, casing 9 can be that both ends are sealed to be set up at cylindric structure, and knife rest 7 is hollow drum grid structure, and the material of being convenient for passes knife rest 7 and conveys to make circulation that the material can be smooth and easy to discharge gate 4 and derived in casing 9. The grid structure of the blade holder 7 creates cutting forces to facilitate comminution. The driving member may be the motor 12, an oil engine, etc., and will not be described herein. The material is subjected to centrifugal force. The top position at casing 9 is seted up to feeder hopper 8 to the inside that the material of being convenient for enters into casing 9 under the effect of gravity, feeder hopper 8 can be hopper-shaped structure, thereby the entering of the material of being convenient for, and the inside of feeder hopper 8 sets up control feeding structure, thereby the entering of quantitative control material. The driving medium can be gear combination or belt pulley combination, wherein use the belt pulley combination to be suitable, the belt pulley combination includes driven pulley 2 and driving pulley 11, driven pulley 2 and the coaxial fixed connection of axis of rotation 6, the coaxial fixed connection of output shaft of driving pulley 11 and driving piece, thereby driven pulley 2 and driving pulley 11 are connected through V type belt 1 and are carried out the transmission, and transmission stability is good.

As an optimized embodiment of the utility model, fixed a plurality of broken pieces that are provided with on the knife rest 7, broken piece rotates along with knife rest 7 to carry out the breakage to the material, make smash more abundant, improved crushing quality and efficiency. The crushing member may be a structure of a crushing hammer 15, a crushing knife, or the like.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge hole 4 is provided at the 1/3 radius of the outer end of the radial position of the end of the housing 9, so as to facilitate the discharge of the material. The discharge port 4 is arranged at the end part of the shell 9, and the bottom fan blades 10 rotate at the circumferential direction position of 60 degrees. According to the actual production calculation, the water content of the crushed material is assumed to be 12%, the rotating speed of the motor is 3000r/min, the 20-40 meshes (namely the particle radius is 0.85mm-0.425 mm) is mostly distributed at 1/3 radius (more than or equal to 80 percent), and the crushed material is discharged from 60 degrees.

As the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, at 4 installation conveying pipelines of discharge gate, provide a quantitative negative pressure with the fan in the conveying pipeline, with the result drainage to process on next step. The power of the fan for guiding the material at the discharge port 4 can be reduced under the action of the fan blades 10.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the casing 9 includes the end cover 5 at barrel and both ends, and the end cover 5 passes through screw fixed connection at the both ends of barrel to make casing 9 dismantle, assemble, maintain convenient and fast, axis of rotation 6 rotates and sets up the axle center position at casing 9, and the tip of axis of rotation 6 passes through bearing 3 and rotates the connection on end cover 5, thereby has reduced 6 pivoted frictional forces of axis of rotation. The end cover 5 is provided with the reinforcing ribs, and the supporting strength of the end cover 5 is increased due to the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs, so that the strength of the shell 9 is increased, and the shell 9 is prevented from deforming in the using process.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the crushing efficiency of the crushing apparatus, the discharge of the material is easily blocked to some extent, so that the housing 9 is divided into two sections from the middle. Feeder hopper 8 is in the intermediate position of casing 9 this moment, discharge gate 4 sets up the both ends at casing 9, the both sides of feeder hopper 8 all are provided with flabellum 10 on axis of rotation 6, and the flabellum 10 direction of transfer at both ends is opposite, casing 9's inside is provided with the baffle and separates, air current mutual interference has been avoided, then, feeder hopper 8 is fit for setting up the intermediate position at casing 9, the baffle is in the below of feeder hopper 8 intermediate position, can be when solving the material discharge problem like this, also can accelerate crushing efficiency. Different blade shapes are made on the fan blades 10 at two sides to guide the airflow direction from the middle to the two sides, and two discharge ports which are mutually axisymmetric are arranged at the two sides simultaneously. So that the material can be evenly distributed into the left crushing chamber and the right crushing chamber. Since both tool holders 7 are operated simultaneously by means of a drive, the energy consumption is correspondingly reduced for the same production quantity. Meanwhile, the fan blades 10 play a role of a fan, and the energy consumption can be saved by about 30% compared with that of a traditional pulverizer through calculation.

As the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment is provided with at least one and removes the ironware on the feeder hopper 8, gets rid of the iron content impurity in with the material through removing the ironware, has guaranteed the quality of product on the one hand, and on the other hand has also protected hammer leaf and knife rest. The deironing piece can be provided with four and be in around the feeder hopper 8 to improve deironing efficiency, the deironing piece can be electro-magnet 13, permanent magnet etc..

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the housing 9 is provided with a stone-removing box, so that the sundries such as broken stones will not be discharged along with the product, and will always keep moving in the crushing chamber, which is easy to damage the hammer and the tool rest. Therefore, according to the difference between gravel and stones and crops (crops are more fragile, have lower density and have smaller particle mass with the same size), debris such as crushed stones are subjected to larger centrifugal force, enter the stone removing box and are collected, so that other impurities mixed in the raw materials are removed and are directly discharged to the outside.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the said crushing device is used to transport and convey the material by the airflow generated by the fan blades 10, so that it is easier to cause the problem of too high dust density or dust leakage, and to this problem, the outer side of the housing 9 is equipped with a dust cover and adopts a sealed design at the feeding hopper 8 and the discharge port 4 to prevent dust leakage. And a settling space is reserved in the dust cover, so that the separated dust can be settled and discharged.

As shown in fig. 2-12, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a grain grinder, including: a crushing apparatus as described above; wherein, the end of the shell 9 is provided with an ash outlet 14.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, place the inside at feeder hopper 8 with needs kibbling grain, under the effect of gravity, the inside grain of feeder hopper 8 enters into casing 9's inside, start the driving piece, carry out the transmission through the driving medium, axis of rotation 6 rotates in casing 9's inside, thereby it does the circumferencial rotation to drive knife rest 7 in casing 9's inside, grain enters into casing 9's inside, flabellum 10 rotates along with axis of rotation 6 and knife rest 7, thereby produce in casing 9 and rotate the air current of equidirectional with axis of rotation 6. Grains with different granularities are distributed on different radiuses in the shell 9, the knife rest 7 rotates to crush large-particle materials on the outer layer, the large-particle materials are quickly and fully distributed under the action of vortex formed by the fan blades 10, and finally the crushed grains are discharged from the discharge hole 4 at the end part of the shell 9. Under the action of the airflow formed by the fan blades 10, dust is discharged through the dust outlet 14, so that the dust in the grains is cleaned, and the cleanliness of the crushed grains is improved. The dust outlet 14 can be provided with a filter screen or a gate and the like, so that the discharge of crushed grains is avoided, and in the crushing process, the grains are vibrated by cutting force, so that the grains are separated from the dust conveniently, and the dust is discharged through wind power, so that the crusher is simple in structure, fully utilizes the wind power, saves energy, and is good in synchronism.

The above embodiment of the utility model provides a reducing mechanism, and provide a grain grinder based on this reducing mechanism, according to the hydrodynamics principle, the material will be because the difference of quality in the casing 9 that has strong air current, different centrifugal force has, therefore, the material of different granularities has been distributed on different radiuses in casing 9, knife rest 7 rotates and smashes outer large granule material, and redistribute under the effect that flabellum 10 formed the vortex fast, the discharge gate 4 discharge of casing 9 tip is followed to the material after last crushing. Through knife rest 7 and flabellum 10 cooperation, it forms material particle size distribution to drive the material in the inside of casing 9, be convenient for knife rest 7 smashes, be convenient for make full use of knife rest 7 rotate kinetic energy and cooperate with flabellum 10, in time redistribute the material after smashing, the autonomous distribution ability has been improved, it is excessive and crushing not enough to have avoided smashing, the kibbling even degree has been improved, it provides power to rotate through flabellum 10 and accomplish conveying and material distribution, make full use of hydromechanics structure, design benefit, drive knife rest 7 and flabellum 10 through a driving piece and rotate, make the reducing mechanism simple structure, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the synchronism is good. In the crushing process, the grains are vibrated by the cutting force, so that the grains are separated from the dust conveniently, the dust is discharged through wind power, the structure of the crusher is simplified, the wind power is fully utilized, the energy is saved, and the synchronism is good.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A comminution device, characterized in that the comminution device comprises:

a housing, inside which a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged;

the knife rest is rotationally arranged in the shell and is connected with the rotating shaft through fan blades and used for forming a conveying airflow and a crushing mechanism;

the driving piece is connected with the rotating shaft through the transmission piece and is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate;

wherein, the shell is communicated with a feed hopper, and at least one end of the shell is provided with a discharge hole.

2. A comminution device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a pulley assembly including a driven pulley and a drive pulley, the driven pulley being fixedly connected coaxially with the rotational axis, the drive pulley being fixedly connected coaxially with the output shaft of the drive member, the driven pulley and the drive pulley being connected by a V-belt.

3. A comminution device as claimed in claim 1, in which the blade carrier is fixedly provided with a plurality of crushing members.

4. A comminution apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the discharge outlet is formed at a radius from the outer end 1/3 of the radial end of the housing end and the bottom vane is rotated circumferentially about 60 °.

5. A reducing apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a cylindrical body and end caps at both ends, the end caps being removably and fixedly attached to both ends of the cylindrical body.

6. A crushing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding hopper is located at the middle of the housing, the discharge ports are located at the two ends of the housing, the two sides of the feeding hopper are provided with blades on the rotating shaft, the conveying directions of the blades at the two ends are opposite, and the inside of the housing is provided with a partition for separation.

7. A comminution device as claimed in claim 1 in which the feed hopper is provided with at least one de-ironing element.

8. A crushing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the casing is provided with a stone-removing box for collecting crushed stones.

9. The utility model provides a grain grinder, its characterized in that, grain grinder includes:

a comminution device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;

wherein, the end of the shell is provided with an ash outlet.

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