CN215080285U - Femoral head prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a femoral head prosthesis, including lower floor's prosthesis, upper prosthesis and two at least screws, lower floor's prosthesis can be dismantled with upper prosthesis and be connected, a side surface of lower floor's prosthesis is used for contacting with the femoral head, upper prosthesis is used for covering a side surface that lower floor's prosthesis deviates from the femoral head, two at least through-holes have been seted up on the lower floor's prosthesis, lower floor's prosthesis is overhead by the fix with screw that passes the through-hole, lower floor's prosthesis is used for being equipped with the projection with a side surface of upper prosthesis contact, upper prosthesis is used for being equipped with the locating hole with a side surface of lower floor's prosthesis contact, the projection can insert and make upper prosthesis fix on lower floor's prosthesis in the locating hole, the one side that upper prosthesis deviates from lower floor's prosthesis is used for contacting with the acetabular bone. The lower layer prosthesis can be stably fixed on the femoral head through the screw, the lower layer prosthesis is not easy to loosen, then the upper layer prosthesis is covered on the lower layer prosthesis, the convex column is inserted into the positioning hole, and the installation is finished, and the installation process is simple.

Description

Femoral head prosthesis

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, especially, relate to a femoral head prosthesis.

Background

Femoral head necrosis (ONFH) is a common clinical refractory disease, seriously affects the function of the affected limb and reduces the life quality of patients. Total hip replacement is the final means of current ONFH treatment, and although total hip replacement has been more and more successful, there are still many problems, especially for young patients with high activity, except that the prosthesis is more susceptible to aseptic loosening, there is a great possibility of later joint revision. Compared with the primary replacement, the arthroplasty has the disadvantages of high difficulty, long duration, high bleeding amount, high infection risk, higher technical requirements on patients, difficulty in achieving the primary replacement effect, easiness in causing disastrous complications such as infection and dislocation, high difficulty in re-revision, serious influence on the life quality of patients, and high cost which is a heavy burden on individuals and society of the patients. Therefore, despite a definite therapeutic effect, total hip replacement should be delayed as much as possible in young and middle-aged patients. At present, the prosthesis made of biocompatible materials or metal materials is generally adopted, and the damaged and collapsed joint surface is replaced, so that the joint pain of a patient can be effectively relieved, the function of the hip joint can be recovered to the maximum extent, the bone mass of the hip joint can be kept as much as possible, and the total hip joint replacement can be delayed or avoided.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a femoral head prosthesis, fixed effectual, difficult emergence is not hard up and simple to operate.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

the femoral head prosthesis comprises a lower layer prosthesis body, an upper layer prosthesis body and at least two screws, wherein the lower layer prosthesis body is detachably connected with the upper layer prosthesis body, one side surface of the lower layer prosthesis body is used for being in contact with a femoral head, the upper layer prosthesis body is used for covering one side surface, away from the femoral head, of the lower layer prosthesis body, at least two through holes are formed in the lower layer prosthesis body, the lower layer prosthesis body is fixed on the femoral head through the screws penetrating through the through holes, a convex column is arranged on one side surface, in contact with the upper layer prosthesis body, of the lower layer prosthesis body, a positioning hole is formed in one side surface, in contact with the lower layer prosthesis body, of the upper layer prosthesis body can be inserted into the positioning hole to enable the upper layer prosthesis body to be fixed on the lower layer prosthesis body, and one side, away from the lower layer prosthesis body, of the upper layer prosthesis body is used for being in contact with an acetabulum.

As an optimized scheme of the femoral head prosthesis of the present invention, the number of the screws is two, and after the screws are fixed, the included angle of the screws is 15 degrees to 60 degrees.

As an optimized scheme of the femoral head prosthesis of the utility model, the surface of the lower layer prosthesis, which is not contacted with the upper layer prosthesis, is densely provided with a plurality of micropores, and the aperture of each micropore is 0.3-1.0 mm.

As an optimized proposal of the femoral head prosthesis of the utility model, the depth of the micropores is 1-3 mm.

As a preferable scheme of the femoral head prosthesis of the present invention, the protruding column is in a circular truncated cone shape.

As an optimized scheme of the femoral head prosthesis of the present invention, the lower prosthesis further includes at least one positioning rib, the positioning rib is disposed on the side of the protruding column, at least one positioning groove is disposed on the hole wall of the positioning hole, and the positioning rib can be clamped into the positioning groove.

As an optimized scheme of the femoral head prosthesis of the present invention, the positioning ribs and the cross section of the positioning grooves are all U-shaped.

As an optimized scheme of the femoral head prosthesis of the present invention, the positioning hole is a blind hole.

As a preferable scheme of the femoral head prosthesis of the present invention, the depth of the positioning hole is not more than two thirds of the thickness of the upper layer prosthesis.

As a preferred embodiment of the femoral head prosthesis of the present invention, the upper layer prosthesis and the lower layer prosthesis are integrally formed.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses a femoral head prosthesis realizes swift connection of dismantling through projection on the lower floor's false body and the locating hole on the false body of upper strata, is provided with two at least through-holes that are used for the screw to pass on the false body of lower floor, makes the false body of lower floor can fix on the femoral head firmly, and difficult emergence is not hard up. When the femoral head prosthesis is installed, the lower layer prosthesis is fixed on the femoral head by using screws, and then the upper layer prosthesis is covered on the lower layer prosthesis, so that the installation is completed, and the installation process is simple.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a femoral head prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention secured to a femoral head;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a lower prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a superior prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a bottom view of fig. 5.

In the figure:

1. a lower layer prosthesis; 11. a through hole; 12. a convex column; 13. positioning the convex ribs; 14. micropores; 2. a superior prosthesis; 21. positioning holes; 22. a positioning groove; 3. a screw; 100. the femoral head.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the word "over" a first feature or feature in a second feature may include the word "over" or "over" the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under" a second feature may include a first feature that is directly under and obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the femoral head prosthesis of an embodiment includes a lower layer prosthesis 1, an upper layer prosthesis 2 and two screws 3, the lower layer prosthesis 1 is detachably connected to the upper layer prosthesis 2, a side surface of the lower layer prosthesis 1 is used for contacting with a femoral head 100, the upper layer prosthesis 2 is used for covering a side surface of the lower layer prosthesis 1 away from the femoral head 100, two through holes 11 are formed in the lower layer prosthesis 1, the lower layer prosthesis 1 is fixed on the femoral head 100 by the screws 3 penetrating through the through holes 11, a side surface of the lower layer prosthesis 1, which is used for contacting with the upper layer prosthesis 2, is provided with a convex column 12, a side surface of the upper layer prosthesis 2, which is used for contacting with the lower layer prosthesis 1, is provided with a positioning hole 21, the convex column 12 can be inserted into the positioning hole 21 to fix the upper layer prosthesis 2 on the lower layer prosthesis 1, and a side of the upper layer prosthesis 2, which is away from the lower layer prosthesis 1, is used for contacting with an acetabulum (not shown in the figure).

The femoral head prosthesis of the embodiment is quickly and detachably connected through the convex columns 12 on the lower layer prosthesis 1 and the positioning holes 21 on the upper layer prosthesis 2, and the lower layer prosthesis 1 is provided with two through holes 11 for the screws 3 to pass through, so that the lower layer prosthesis 1 can be stably fixed on the femoral head 100 and is not easy to loosen. When the femoral head prosthesis is installed, the lower layer prosthesis 1 is fixed on the femoral head 100 by the screw 3, and then the upper layer prosthesis 2 is covered on the lower layer prosthesis 1, so that the installation is completed, and the installation process is simple.

The number of the through holes 11 on the lower prosthesis 1 may be more than two, and the larger number of the through holes 11 means that the larger number of the screws 3 can be used to fix the lower prosthesis 1 to obtain a better fixing effect, but the number of the through holes 11 is not too large so as to avoid the structural strength of the lower prosthesis 1 being insufficient, so that the lower prosthesis 1 is easy to deform, and the larger number of the through holes 11 can make the diameter of the screws 3 smaller, and simultaneously cause the strength of a single screw 3 to be weaker. The number of the through holes 11 is preferably two or three, which makes the installation process simpler and also makes the connection between the lower prosthesis 1 and the femoral head 100 more stable, and the lower prosthesis 1 is not easy to deform.

Further, after the screws 3 are fixed, the included angle between the two screws 3 is 15 degrees to 60 degrees, preferably 45 degrees. Compared with the mode that the two screws 3 are arranged in parallel, the two screws 3 are arranged at an included angle, so that the lower-layer prosthesis 1 has better resistance to external force in all directions.

Preferably, the convex column 12 is in a shape of a circular truncated cone. Specifically, the convex column 12 and the positioning hole 21 are both manufactured by adopting Morse taper, the taper is small, the self-locking characteristic is realized, larger friction force can be generated between the convex column 12 and the upper-layer prosthesis 2 to help the fixation, the convex column 12 and the upper-layer prosthesis 2 are tightly matched, and the displacement between the convex column 12 and the upper-layer prosthesis 2 cannot occur.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 6, further, the lower prosthesis 1 further includes a positioning rib 13, the positioning rib 13 is disposed on a side surface of the protruding pillar 12, a positioning groove 22 is disposed on a hole wall of the positioning hole 21, and the positioning rib 13 can be inserted into the positioning groove 22. After the positioning convex ribs 13 are matched with the positioning grooves 22, the upper-layer prosthesis 2 and the lower-layer prosthesis 1 can be prevented from rotating relatively, the connection stability of the upper-layer prosthesis 2 and the lower-layer prosthesis 1 is further improved, and meanwhile, the positioning function can be achieved, so that the upper-layer prosthesis 2 can find a correct installation position easily, and the assembly precision between the upper-layer prosthesis 2 and the lower-layer prosthesis 1 is improved.

Furthermore, the cross sections of the positioning ribs 13 and the positioning grooves 22 are U-shaped. The connecting surface of the positioning convex rib 13 and the convex column 12 is smooth, so that stress concentration is not easy to occur, and the service life of the femoral head prosthesis is prolonged.

The number of the positioning ribs 13 and the positioning grooves 22 may be more than one, and a larger number of the positioning ribs 13 and the positioning grooves 22 can make the connection between the lower prosthesis 1 and the upper prosthesis 2 more stable, but will cause the increase of the manufacturing cost.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the positioning hole 21 on the upper prosthesis 2 is a blind hole, so that the surface of the upper prosthesis 2 facing away from the lower prosthesis 1 is a smooth curved surface, and the through hole 11 on the lower prosthesis 1 is covered by the upper prosthesis 2, so that the femoral head prosthesis is in good contact with the acetabulum.

Furthermore, the depth of the positioning hole 21 is not more than two thirds of the thickness of the upper layer prosthesis 2, so that the thinnest part of the upper layer prosthesis 2 still has enough thickness to maintain high structural strength, and the upper layer prosthesis 2 is not easy to deform.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, a plurality of micropores 14 are densely distributed on the surface of the lower prosthesis 1, which is not in contact with the upper prosthesis 2, and the pore diameter of the micropores 14 is 0.3 to 1.0 mm. The micropores 14 enable the bottom of the lower layer prosthesis 1 to form a bionic bone trabecula layer, after the femoral head prosthesis is implanted into a body, after a certain time, blood vessels and new bones can grow into the micropores 14, and the long-term stability of the femoral head prosthesis is ensured

Furthermore, the depth of the micropores 14 is 1-3 mm, so that the structural strength of the lower-layer prosthesis 1 is not weakened excessively.

Preferably, the upper prosthesis 2 and the lower prosthesis 1 are integrally formed, which ensures that the upper prosthesis 2 and the lower prosthesis 1 have high structural strength. For example, the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology can be adopted for manufacturing, so that the production efficiency is high, and the precision can be ensured.

The upper layer prosthesis 2 can be made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, titanium alloy, tantalum, stainless steel or ceramic, and the lower layer prosthesis 1 can be made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, titanium alloy, tantalum or stainless steel. The upper prosthesis 2 is preferably made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy with excellent wear resistance because the upper prosthesis 2 needs to move relative to the acetabulum, and the lower prosthesis 1 is preferably made of metal tantalum with good biocompatibility because the lower prosthesis is directly contacted with the femoral head 100.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the description of the present specification, reference to the description of the terms "preferred", "further" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the example or illustration is included in at least one example or illustration of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the detailed embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above detailed embodiments, i.e. the present invention must not be implemented depending on the detailed embodiments. It should be clear to those skilled in the art that any improvement of the present invention, to the equivalent replacement of each raw material of the present invention, the addition of auxiliary components, the selection of specific modes, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A femoral head prosthesis, which is characterized by comprising a lower layer prosthesis, an upper layer prosthesis and at least two screws, the lower prosthesis is detachably connected with the upper prosthesis, one side surface of the lower prosthesis is used for contacting with the femoral head, the upper layer prosthesis is used for covering the surface of one side of the lower layer prosthesis, which is far away from the femoral head, the lower layer prosthesis is provided with at least two through holes, the lower layer prosthesis is fixed on the femoral head by the screw passing through the through hole, a convex column is arranged on the surface of one side of the lower layer prosthesis, which is in contact with the upper layer prosthesis, the surface of one side, used for contacting with the lower prosthesis, of the upper prosthesis is provided with a positioning hole, the convex column can be inserted into the positioning hole to enable the upper prosthesis to be fixed on the lower prosthesis, and the surface, deviating from the lower prosthesis, of the upper prosthesis is used for contacting with an acetabulum.

2. The femoral head prosthesis according to claim 1 wherein the number of the screws is two and the angle between the two screws is between 15 and 60 degrees after the screws are fixed.

3. The femoral head prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein the surface of the lower prosthesis, which is not in contact with the upper prosthesis, is densely provided with a plurality of micropores, and the pore diameter of each micropore is 0.3-1.0 mm.

4. The femoral head prosthesis according to claim 3 wherein the micro-holes have a depth of 1 to 3 mm.

5. The femoral head prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the post is frustoconical.

6. The femoral head prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein the lower prosthesis further comprises at least one positioning rib, the positioning rib is arranged on the side surface of the convex column, at least one positioning groove is formed on the hole wall of the positioning hole, and the positioning rib can be clamped into the positioning groove.

7. The femoral head prosthesis of claim 6, wherein the positioning bead and the positioning groove are both U-shaped in cross-section.

8. The femoral head prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the alignment hole is a blind hole.

9. The femoral head prosthesis of claim 8, wherein the locating hole has a depth of no more than two-thirds of the thickness of the superior prosthesis.

10. The femoral head prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein the upper and lower layer prostheses are integrally formed.

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