CN215051086U - High flame retardant multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting fabric and equipment thereof - Google Patents
High flame retardant multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting fabric and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN215051086U CN215051086U CN202022434069.9U CN202022434069U CN215051086U CN 215051086 U CN215051086 U CN 215051086U CN 202022434069 U CN202022434069 U CN 202022434069U CN 215051086 U CN215051086 U CN 215051086U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high flame retardant multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting fabric and equipment, the knitting include multilayer carbon fiber layer and evenly adnexed fire retardant powder on each layer carbon fiber layer, and fire retardant powder adhesion is fixed on the carbon fiber layer and through the stitch-bonding technology. And the equipment for preparing the multi-axial carbon fiber warp-knitted fabric comprises an upstream creel, a plurality of groups of yarn supply assemblies, a plurality of spraying pipes, a first yarn spreading console, a feeding groove, a feeding pump, a circulating pump, a feeding pipe, a pressing roller, a liquid receiving groove, an infrared drying box, infrared exhaust air, a hot air drying box, hot air drying exhaust air, a knitting machine head and a winding machine, wherein the number of the spraying pipes is the same as that of the yarn supply assemblies. The carbon fiber fabric woven by the equipment can be used for composite material forming processes such as RTM (resin transfer molding), vacuum infusion and the like, and can be matched with flame-retardant resin for use, so that the flame-retardant grade of a final product can be remarkably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fire-retardant combined material makes, concretely relates to high fire-retardant multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting and equipment thereof.
Background
The RTM (resin transfer molding) forming process is developed rapidly in the composite material forming process, and has the advantages of excellent surface quality, high precision, low porosity, capability of forming complex components and the like, so that the RTM forming process is widely applied to multiple fields of military products and civil products. The japan society of reinforced plastics has recommended the RTM process and the pultrusion process together as two composite molding processes that have the most promising development in the 21 st century. However, the resin matrix used as the high molecular organic material has the same life disadvantage of being flammable and generating a large amount of harmful gas and smoke during combustion. Because the rail transit field personnel are intensive, the space is airtight, so not only consider in being suitable for the fire-protection rating standard to control the degree of fuming, but also implement strict regulation to the harmful substance that contains in the flue gas, this degree that the flue gas caused the secondary damage to the passenger under the condition of can greatly reduced conflagration. Therefore, the halogen-free high-flame-retardant resin-based carbon fiber composite material is very important in popularization and application of the carbon fiber composite material.
The multiaxial warp knitting technology is a novel weaving technology which is rapidly developed abroad in the later 70 th of the 20 th century, and is widely researched, popularized and applied in the 90 th. The multi-axial warp knitted fabric is an ideal three-dimensional structure reinforcing material with excellent formability, good impact resistance and energy absorption characteristics and low production cost relative to other textile reinforcing structures, is the most effective and economical pre-designed reinforcing fabric at present, and is applied to the fields of aerospace, wind power generation, transportation, building and the like.
With the introduction of the latest EN45545 standard, rail traffic fire protection requirements have addressed a new height, and in order to reduce the risk of fire when the vehicle is in operation, it is desirable that the railway vehicle upholstery material all fall within the EN45545 HL3 category. Conventional unsaturated resins and partial epoxy resin composites have not fully met the EN45545 HL 3-grade fire rating requirement.
The flame retardant performance is improved by adding flame retardant (aluminum hydroxide, antimony oxide and liquid flame retardant) into resin for mixing, and the aluminum hydroxide powder is generally regarded as an ideal flame retardant filler for plastics, unsaturated polyester, rubber and other organic polymers because the aluminum hydroxide powder has the functions of filling, flame retarding and smoke abatement and is non-toxic and harmless. The magnesium hydroxide has strong adsorption force and high activity, the slurry product has non-precipitation and non-coagulation properties, good fluidity, easy transportation and storage, convenient use and adjustment, is an inorganic additive non-toxic flame retardant after special treatment, has multiple performances of flame retardance, smoke abatement, drip resistance, filling and the like, and has the characteristics of high thermal stability, high-efficiency base material carbonization promotion effect, strong acid removal capability and the like compared with aluminum hydroxide. However, RTM generally uses a relatively dense carbon fiber fabric as a reinforcing material, and when resin is injected, the inorganic flame retardant additive is often blocked by the fabric, so that the flame retardant property of the product is not uniform due to the high flame retardant content at the front end and the low flame retardant content at the tail end.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a high flame retardant multi-axial carbon fiber warp knitting fabric, a preparation method and equipment, which can solve the problems.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a high fire-retardant multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting, multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting includes multilayer carbon fiber layer and the fire retardant powder of even adnexed on each layer carbon fiber layer, fire-retardant powder adhesion is fixed on carbon fiber layer and through the stitch-bonding technology.
Preferably, the powder is a solid flame retardant powder, including but not limited to halogen-based, organic phosphorus-based, nitrogen-based, silicon-based, antimony-based, aluminum-magnesium-based, inorganic phosphorus-based, boron-based, molybdenum-based, tin-based, and combinations thereof.
Preferably, the compounding system includes, but is not limited to, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, tribromophenol, brominated bisphenol A, DOPO and its derivatives, melamine and its salts, red phosphorus, polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, zinc borate, molybdenum oxide.
A preparation method of the multi-axial carbon fiber warp-knitted fabric comprises the following steps: a, preparing inorganic flame-retardant powder suspension from flame-retardant powder; b, introducing the inorganic flame-retardant powder suspension into a feeding tank; c, spraying the suspension on the surface of the carbon fiber through a spraying pipe after the carbon fiber is laid with weft; d, the carbon fiber moves forwards, and after weft laying is finished, the compression roller is used for removing excessive moisture and uniformly dispersing the inorganic flame-retardant powder to the carbon fiber laying layer; e, drying by adopting infrared rays; f, stitch-bonding; g, continuously drying residual moisture by using hot air; and h, rolling.
Preferably, in step c, the suspension is sprayed between several layers of fabrics from bottom to top, respectively, depending on the fabric texture.
Preferably, the fabric weave structure is a warp knitting fabric with angles of 0 degree, 90 degrees and +/-45 degrees from bottom to top respectively.
Preferably, in a and b, the liquid base in the suspension powder body fluid adopts a modified epoxy resin sizing agent aqueous solution.
Preferably, the preparation of the inorganic flame-retardant powder suspension comprises the following steps: firstly, adding a modified epoxy resin sizing agent into deionized water at the temperature of 40-60 ℃; secondly, adding a defoaming agent and an aluminate coupling agent, wherein the adding proportion of the aluminate coupling agent is 0.4-3% of the mass of the flame-retardant powder; and finally, starting stirring to prepare an aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of the sizing agent is 2-5%, and the solid volume concentration of the finally prepared suspension is 30-40%.
A device for preparing the multi-axial carbon fiber warp-knitted fabric comprises an upstream creel, a plurality of groups of yarn supply assemblies, a plurality of spraying pipes, a first yarn spreading console, a feeding groove, a feeding pump, a circulating pump, a feeding pipe, a pressing roller, a liquid receiving groove, an infrared drying box, infrared exhaust air, a hot air drying box, hot air drying exhaust air, a knitting machine head and a winding machine, wherein the spraying pipes, the first yarn spreading console, the feeding groove, the circulating pump, the feeding pipe, the pressing roller, the liquid receiving groove, the infrared drying box, the infrared exhaust air, the hot air drying box, the hot air drying exhaust air, the knitting machine head and the winding machine are arranged on the upstream of the yarn spreading console; the bottom of the feeding groove is connected with a feeding pump through a feeding pipe; the tail end of the feeding pipe is provided with a plurality of spraying pipes in parallel, and the plurality of spraying pipes are arranged above the filament spreading table at intervals; a pressing roller is arranged above the tail end of the silk exhibition platform, and a liquid receiving groove is arranged below the tail end of the silk exhibition platform; an infrared drying box, a hot air drying box, hot air drying and exhausting, a weaving machine head and a winding machine are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the silk exhibition platform, the top of the infrared drying box is provided with the infrared exhausting, and the top of the hot air drying box is provided with the hot air drying and exhausting.
Preferably, the equipment comprises three groups of wire supply assemblies and three spray pipes, wherein a first yarn supply assembly is formed by a first creel, a first weft laying component and a first wire spreading component, a second wire supply assembly is formed by a second creel, a second weft laying component and a second wire spreading component, and a third wire supply assembly is formed by a third creel, a third weft laying component and a third wire spreading component; the tail end of the feeding pipe is connected with three spraying pipes, namely a first spraying pipe, a second spraying pipe and a third spraying pipe in parallel.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the flame retardant performance of RTM parts is improved by adding a flame retardant auxiliary agent in the process of weaving carbon fibers, wherein the auxiliary agent mainly comprises a mixture of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, and is prepared into a suspension containing an aluminate coupling agent in the adding process, so that the suspension is more easily combined with the carbon fibers, and the uneven flame retardant effect caused by washout in the resin injection process is avoided. The carbon fiber fabric woven by the process can be used for composite material forming processes such as RTM (resin transfer molding), vacuum infusion and the like, and can be matched with flame-retardant resin for use, so that the flame-retardant grade of a final product can be remarkably improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The utility model provides a high fire-retardant multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting, includes multilayer carbon fiber layer and the fire retardant powder of even adnexed on each layer carbon fiber layer, fire retardant powder adhesion is fixed on carbon fiber layer and through the stitch-bonding technology.
The powder is solid flame retardant powder, including but not limited to halogen series, organic phosphorus series, nitrogen series, silicon series, antimony series, aluminum-magnesium series, inorganic phosphorus series, boron series, molybdenum series, tin series and compound systems thereof.
Further, the compound system comprises, but is not limited to, polybrominated diphenyl ether, tribromophenol, brominated bisphenol A, DOPO and derivatives thereof, melamine and salts thereof, red phosphorus, polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, zinc borate, molybdenum oxide.
Example two
An apparatus for preparing the carbon fiber warp knitting fabric comprises an upstream creel 1, a plurality of groups of yarn supply assemblies, a plurality of spraying pipes with the same number as the yarn supply assemblies, a first yarn spreading console 11, a feeding groove 15, a feeding pump 16, a circulating pump 17, a feeding pipe 18, a pressing roller 19, a liquid receiving groove 20, an infrared drying box 21, infrared exhaust 22, a hot air drying box 23, hot air drying exhaust 24, a knitting machine head 25 and a winding machine 26, wherein the upstream creel 1 and the yarn spreading console 11 are arranged at the upstream of the yarn spreading console (namely a smuggling platform), a stirring head is arranged in the feeding groove 15, and the circulating pump 17 is arranged on a tank body of the feeding groove 15; the bottom of the feed tank 15 is connected with a feed pump 16 through a feed pipe 18; the tail end of the feeding pipe 18 is provided with a plurality of spraying pipes in parallel, and the spraying pipes are arranged above the filament spreading table at intervals; a press roller 19 is arranged above the tail end of the silk exhibition platform, and a liquid receiving groove 20 is arranged below the tail end of the silk exhibition platform; an infrared drying box 21, a hot air drying box 23, hot air drying exhaust 24, a weaving machine head 25 and a winding machine 26 are sequentially arranged at the downstream of the silk exhibition platform, the top of the infrared drying box 21 is provided with the infrared exhaust 22, and the top of the hot air drying box 23 is provided with the hot air drying exhaust 24.
Further, the equipment comprises three groups of wire supply assemblies and three spray pipes, wherein the first yarn supply assembly is formed by a first creel 2, a first weft laying device 8 and a first wire spreading component 12, the second yarn supply assembly is formed by a second creel 3, a second weft laying device 9 and a second wire spreading component 13, and the third yarn supply assembly is formed by a third creel 4, a third weft laying device 10 and a third wire spreading component 14; the tail end of the feeding pipe 18 is provided with three spray pipes, namely a first spray pipe 5, a second spray pipe 6 and a third spray pipe 7 in parallel.
EXAMPLE III
A method for preparing the high-flame-retardancy multi-axial carbon fiber warp-knitted fabric by adopting the equipment comprises the following steps.
a, preparing inorganic flame-retardant powder suspension from flame-retardant powder;
b, introducing the inorganic flame-retardant powder suspension into a feeding tank;
c, spraying the suspension on the surface of the carbon fiber through a spraying pipe after the carbon fiber is laid with weft;
d, the carbon fiber moves forwards, and after weft laying is finished, the compression roller is used for removing excessive moisture and uniformly dispersing the inorganic flame-retardant powder to the carbon fiber laying layer;
e, drying by adopting infrared rays;
f, stitch-bonding;
g, continuously drying residual moisture by using hot air;
and h, rolling.
Wherein, in the step c, the suspension is respectively sprayed among a plurality of layers of fabrics from bottom to top according to the fabric weave structure.
Wherein, the fabric weave structure is that the angles of the warp knitting fabric from bottom to top are respectively 0 degree, 90 degrees and +/-45 degrees.
In a and b, the liquid base in the suspension powder body fluid adopts a modified epoxy resin sizing agent aqueous solution.
Further, the preparation of the inorganic flame-retardant powder suspension comprises the following steps: firstly, adding the modified epoxy resin sizing agent into deionized water with the temperature of 40-60 ℃. Secondly, adding a small amount of defoaming agent and a certain amount of aluminate coupling agent, wherein the aluminate coupling agent is added in a proportion of 0.4-3% of the flame-retardant powder. And finally, starting stirring to prepare an aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of the sizing agent is 2-5%. The mixture of aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide is slowly poured into the feed tank several times, during which the stirring is continuously started and the dispersion is promoted more uniformly by means of the circulation pump 17. The aluminum hydroxide accounts for 20-80% of the total mass of the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide. The solid volume concentration of the finally obtained suspension is 30-40%. In a preferred embodiment, first, 3 parts of modified epoxy resin sizing agent and 1 part of aluminate coupling agent are added into 100 parts of deionized water at 50 ℃, and stirring is started to prepare an aqueous solution. A mixture of 42 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder (3000 mesh) and 35 parts of magnesium hydroxide powder is slowly poured into the feed tank 15 several times, with stirring being continuously turned on during pouring, and is caused to disperse more uniformly by the circulation pump 17. The final suspension had a solid volume concentration of 32%. The blending may be performed in a supply tank.
And starting the multi-axial warp knitting machine, performing warp inserting and weft laying operation according to the setting after the starting step is completed, and uniformly and gaplessly laying the carbon fibers on the yarn travelling platform. After normal operation, the feeding pump 16 is started, the spraying pipes (5, 6 and 7) positioned above the yarn walking platform are respectively opened, the suspension is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the spraying amount of the suspension in a single spraying pipe is controlled according to 100ml per square meter. The amount of suspension sprayed is determined by the speed of the warp knitting machine, the set solid content of the flame retardant on the final fabric. Starting the multi-axial warp knitting machine to complete the starting step. Wherein the angles of the warp knitting fabric from bottom to top are respectively 0 degree, 90 degrees and +/-45 degrees, and the density of a single-layer surface is 150 g/square meter. And carrying out warp inserting and weft laying operation according to the setting, and then uniformly laying the carbon fibers on the yarn travelling platform without gaps.
The carbon fiber cloth cover moves forward, after weft laying is finished, the excess water is pressed and removed by a compression roller 19 at the outlet of a yarn walking platform, the pressure of the compression roller is controlled to be 0.1MPa, and the flame-retardant suspension powder can be uniformly dispersed to the carbon fiber laying layer by the compression roller 19; the pressed moisture is discharged into the waste liquid tank through the liquid receiving tank 20 below the press roller. The pressing-off of the redundant moisture can greatly reduce the subsequent drying load.
Moisture was removed using an infrared drying device 21, and the infrared drying temperature was set to 150 ℃. The infrared device has the advantages of high drying efficiency, stability, reliability and the like, and water vapor is exhausted through the upper infrared exhaust 22, such as an exhaust device.
And continuously drying residual moisture by using hot air at the temperature of 120 ℃ in the hot air drying oven 23. The water vapor is exhausted through hot air drying exhaust 24, such as an exhaust port.
Looping and stitching: the edge sewing is carried out at the weaving head 25, and the coil length is controlled to be 1-2mm, preferably 2mm, in order to ensure that the inorganic flame retardant powder is not easy to scatter during the subsequent molding.
And (4) winding, namely winding the fabric by using a winding machine 26.
The carbon fiber multi-axial warp knitting fabric produced by the process has the surface density of 450 g/square meter, the flame retardant powder is more than 30 percent of the surface density of the carbon fiber, and the flame retardant powder is uniformly distributed, and the powder content on the fabric per unit area is within the range of +/-5 percent of a set value. The composite material product prepared by the resin molding process has good flame retardant property.
To sum up, the embodiment of the utility model provides a through providing a multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting who is used for high fire-retardant usage for satisfy transportation fields such as high-speed railway, car, aircraft and make the technical requirement of high-grade fire-retardant finished piece to resin transfer molding. The method comprises the steps of spraying a suspension containing flame retardant powder among carbon fiber laying layers during multi-axial warp knitting, drying excessive moisture in an infrared and hot air mode after all carbon fibers are laid, and then stitching and winding. The flame retardant powder suspension sprayed in the fabric is an aqueous solution of aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide powder and a modified epoxy resin sizing agent, and the flame retardant powder is uniformly distributed among all layers of the multiaxial fabric by extruding and drying through a compression roller. The weight ratio of the inorganic flame-retardant powder to the carbon fiber in the finally obtained fabric is 30-60: 100. The embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting for high flame retardant rating can be used to compound material forming process such as RTM, vacuum import, and the fire-retardant resin of cooperation uses, can improve the flame retardant rating of final finished piece, and each position flame retardant property of finished piece is even, the preparation of specially adapted large-scale finished piece.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a high fire resistance multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting which characterized in that: the multi-axial carbon fiber warp knitted fabric comprises a plurality of carbon fiber layers and flame retardant powder uniformly attached to each carbon fiber layer, wherein the flame retardant powder is adhered to the carbon fiber layers and fixed through a stitch-bonding process.
2. An apparatus for producing a multiaxial carbon fiber warp knit fabric according to claim 1, wherein: the device comprises an upstream creel (1), a plurality of groups of yarn supply assemblies, a plurality of spraying pipes with the same number as the yarn supply assemblies, a second yarn spreading console (11), a feeding groove (15), a feeding pump (16), a circulating pump (17), a feeding pipe (18), a pressing roller (19), a liquid receiving groove (20), an infrared drying box (21), infrared exhaust air (22), a hot air drying box (23), hot air drying exhaust air (24), a weaving machine head (25) and a winding machine (26), wherein the upstream creel (1) and the yarn spreading console (11) are arranged at the upstream of the yarn spreading console, a stirring head is arranged in the feeding groove (15), and the circulating pump (17) is arranged on a tank body of the feeding groove (15); the bottom of the feeding groove (15) is connected with a feeding pump (16) through a feeding pipe (18); the tail end of the feeding pipe (18) is provided with a plurality of spraying pipes in parallel, and the plurality of spraying pipes are arranged above the filament spreading table at intervals; a press roller (19) is arranged above the tail end of the silk exhibition platform, and a liquid receiving groove (20) is arranged below the tail end of the silk exhibition platform; an infrared drying box (21), a hot air drying box (23), hot air drying exhaust air (24), a weaving machine head (25) and a winding machine (26) are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the silk exhibition platform, the top of the infrared drying box (21) is provided with the infrared exhaust air (22), and the top of the hot air drying box (23) is provided with the hot air drying exhaust air (24).
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the equipment comprises three groups of wire supply assemblies and three spray pipes, wherein a first yarn supply assembly is formed by a first creel (2), a first weft laying (8) and a first wire spreading component (12), a second wire supply assembly is formed by a second creel (3), a second weft laying (9) and a second wire spreading component (13), and a third wire supply assembly is formed by a third creel (4), a third weft laying (10) and a third wire spreading component (14); the tail end of the feeding pipe (18) is connected with three spray pipes, namely a first spray pipe (5), a second spray pipe (6) and a third spray pipe (7) in parallel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022434069.9U CN215051086U (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | High flame retardant multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting fabric and equipment thereof |
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| CN202022434069.9U CN215051086U (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | High flame retardant multiaxial carbon fiber warp knitting fabric and equipment thereof |
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